最新教科版小学科学四年级上册声音单元第七课《保护我们的听力》课件教学讲义PPT

教科版小学科学四年级上册声音单元第七课《保护我们的听力》课件 听两段声音，说说你的感受。 什么是噪声？描述噪声的特征和我们的感受。噪声即噪音。是一类引起人烦躁、或音量过强而危害人体健康的声音。通常是指那些难听的，令人厌烦的声音。噪音污染主要来源于交通运输、车辆鸣笛、工业噪音、建筑施工、社会噪音如音乐厅、高音喇叭、早市和人的大声说话等。 电子助听器 想一想：怎样控制物体发声在塑料瓶里面放几颗豆子，做成一个发声装置。想一想用什么办法使得发生装置的声音变轻？阻碍传播途径用手捂住，或者有纸包住控制声源在瓶子和耳朵之间放一些木板或者书在人耳处减弱在耳朵里面塞上棉花，或者带上耳塞 说说下面图片中人们是怎样控制噪音的 InterpersonalTherapyLauraWilliamsPSY4930Nov.1,2005 InterpersonalTheoryFocusontheimportanceofinterpersonalrelationshipsindeterminingbehaviorandpsychopathologyHarrySullivan,AdolfMeyer(1950s)Sullivan(1940):personalityis:“therelativelyenduringpatternofrecurrentinterpersonalsituationswhichcharacterizeahumanlife”(p.xi) InterpersonalTheoryAlthoughchildhoodexperiencesareimportant,IPTregardscurrentrelationshipsasmoreimportantFamilysystemstheoriesarealsobasedonIPTFamilyrelationshipsareinterdepedentFamilysystemstendtomaintainacertainstructureorhomeostasis InterpersonalTheoryIPTdoesnotnecessarilyassertthatpsychopathologyarisesfromimpairedrelationshipsBut,problemsaremanifestedintheserelationshipsResearchhassupportedthisideaIndividualswithdepressionhavelesssupportiverelationshipsIndividualswithotherproblems(e.g.,alcoholabuse)morefrequentlyhavemaritaldifficultiesRiskofrelapseindepressionandschizophreniaincreaseswhenpatientslivewithcritical,negativefamilymembers InterpersonalTherapyOriginallydevelopedbyKlerman&WeissmanfortreatmentofdepressionTherapistmustactivelygatherinformationaboutapatient’sinterpersonalinteractionsandrelationshipsUsuallybriefinlengthEducatepatientaboutnatureofdepression InterpersonalTherapyMajorgoaloftreatment=changeinterpersonalfunctioningbyencouraging:MoreeffectivecommunicationEmotionalexpressionIncreasedunderstandingofbehaviorininterpersonalsettingsIPTassumesthatbyimprovingrelationships,symptomsandthepatient’slifeingeneralwillimprove ACaseExample