端午节的习俗 端午节的来历和习俗
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端午节的习俗 端午节的来历和习俗

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时间:2022-06-02

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端午节的习俗端午节的来历和习俗 端午节为每年农历五月初五,又称端阳节、午日节、五月节、五日节、艾节、端五、重午、午日、夏节,本来是夏季的一个驱除瘟疫的节日。端午节是我国汉族人民的传统节日,这一天必不可少的活动逐渐演变为吃粽子,赛龙舟,挂菖蒲`蒿草、艾叶,薰苍术、白芷,喝雄黄酒。    屈子祠内新塑造的高达三米的屈原像(拍摄于1981年)。湖南省东北部的汨罗江上,每年农历五初五“端午节”都要举行盛大的龙舟竞赛,纪念两千年前在这里怀沙自沉的伟大爱国诗人屈原。新华社记者王平摄    据说,端午节吃粽子和赛龙舟的习俗,是为了纪念我国历史上伟大的诗人屈原,也正是因为如此解放后曾把端午节定名为“诗人节”。   otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand 屈平(约公元前339年~约公元前278年)字原,通常称为屈原,又自云名正则,字灵均,汉族,战国末期楚国丹阳(今湖北秭归)人,楚武王熊通之子屈瑕的后代。屈原虽忠事楚怀王,但却屡遭排挤,怀王死后又因顷襄王听信谗言而被流放,最终投汨罗江而死。   屈原是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一,也是我国已知最早的著名诗人,世界文化名人。他创立了“楚辞”这种文体,也开创了“香草美人”的传统。代表作品有《离骚》《九歌》等。   在我国历史上,端午节是为了纪念屈原的说法已经有1500多年的历史了。相传,屈原投汨罗江后,当地百姓闻讯马上划船捞救,一直行至洞庭湖,始终不见屈原的尸体。那时,恰逢雨天,湖面上的小舟一起汇集在岸边的亭子旁。当人们得知是为了打捞贤臣屈大夫时,再次冒雨出动,争相划进茫茫的洞庭湖。为了寄托哀思,人们荡舟江河之上,此后才逐渐发展成为龙舟竞赛。百姓们又怕江河里的鱼吃掉他的身体,就纷纷回家拿来米团投入江中,以免鱼虾糟蹋屈原的尸体,后来就成了吃粽子的习俗。 端午佳节,当然少不了粽子这个主角。端午节吃粽子,这是中国人民的又一传统习俗。粽子应该算得上是中国历史上迄今为止文化积淀最深厚的传统食品了。    据记载,早在春秋时期,用菰叶(茭白叶)包黍米成牛角状,称“角黍”;用竹筒装米密封烤熟,称“筒粽”。到了晋代,粽子被正式定为端午节食品。这时,包粽子的原料除糯米外,还添加中药益智仁,煮熟的粽子称“益智粽”。米中掺杂禽兽肉、板栗、红枣、赤豆等,品种增多。粽子还用作交往的礼品。   到了盛唐时期,粽子的用米,已“白莹如玉”otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand ,其形状出现锥形、菱形。日本文献中就记载有“大唐粽子”。宋朝时,已有“蜜饯粽”,即果品入粽。诗人苏东坡有“时于粽里见杨梅”的诗句。    一直到今天,每逢五月初五端午节,中国百姓家家户户都要浸糯米、洗粽叶、包粽子,其花色品种更为繁多。从馅料看,北方多包小枣的北京枣棕;南方则有豆沙、鲜肉、八宝、火腿、蛋黄等多种馅料。吃粽子的风俗,千百年来,在中国盛行不衰,而且流传到朝鲜、日本及东南亚诸国。    夏历五月初五日,是中国民间传统节日端午节。这一天,许多有河流的地方都举行龙舟竞渡,家家户户吃粽子,以纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。棕子。端午节吃棕子,在中国已相传两千多年。据说,屈原死后,人民将粽子投在江里喂蛟龙,让它不要吃屈原的身体。另一说则是将粽子投在江里以祭祀屈原,包上箬叶可以不被鱼虾吞食。新华社记者王平摄(照片拍摄于1982年)otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     2004年6月22日,贵阳市一位小贩在一条小街上叫卖艾草和鸢尾草。当日是中国的传统节日端午节,在我国南方地区,除了吃粽子、赛龙舟,节日期间家家户户都有在家门口挂艾草和鸢尾草的习俗。新华社记者杨俊江摄赛龙舟也是端午节的重要活动之一,在湖南汨罗市,赛龙舟前必先往屈子祠朝庙,将龙头供在词中神翁祭拜,披红布于龙头上,再安龙头于船上竞渡,既拜龙神,又纪念屈原。而在湖北的屈原家乡秭归,也有祭拜屈原的仪式流传。而在广东,龙舟竞渡之前,要首先进行请龙、祭神的仪式。otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand    赛龙舟作为中国民间传统水上体育娱乐项目,已流传两千多年,除了端午节之外,也多是在喜庆节日举行。如果从赛龙舟是为了纪念屈原这个说法去理解,它现在已经超越了一项体育运动的范畴,变成了一种中华民族代代传承的精神图腾。     2006年5月28日,一位龙舟比赛运动员扛着桨从安装好的龙舟旁走过。五月初五,是中华民族的传统节日——端午节,全国各地群众通过举办龙舟比赛、吃粽子等活动欢庆这一传统节日。5月31日,宜昌市第二届运动会暨中国秭归端午文化旅游节在屈原故里湖北省宜昌市秭归县开幕。新华社记者郝同前摄端午节戴佩饰香包之类的小物件也有着一段悠久的历史。香包有用五色丝线缠成的,也有用碎布缝成的。   这些随身携带的袋囊颜色鲜艳,袋囊内的填充物几经变化,从吸汗的蚌粉、驱邪的灵符、铜钱,辟虫的雄黄粉,发展成装有香料的香囊,制作也日趋精致,成为端午节特有的民间艺品。otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     6月11日,山东省郯城县民间艺人颜景瑞整理自己缝制的香囊,准备到集市上售卖。端午节临近,当地民间艺人忙着用五色彩线和彩布赶制各式香囊,迎接佳节。新华社发(张春雷摄)端午节在中国是一项传统的节日,同时在东亚和东南亚一些国家也有着很大的影响力。诸如韩国、日本、越南、新加坡等许多国家都会在五月初五这一天举行各种活动来庆祝这一节日。otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     2010年6月16日,在韩国首尔的一家公园内,穿着韩服的妇女用菖蒲水洗头。当天是中国农历5月初5,即中国传统的端午节。在邻国韩国,也有过端午节的习俗。韩国人将“端午”称为“上日”,意为神的日子。过去韩国人家家户户都会在端午节当天摆上白白的散发着艾草和糯米香味的艾子糕,用菖蒲汤洗头求吉利,喝菖蒲水以辟邪。人们还会穿着传统服装参加祭祀、演出和运动会,观看荡秋千和摔跤比赛。新华社/联合通讯社otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     6月13日,福建莆田城厢区第一实验小学学生展示两个写有自己愿望的“虎蛋”。端午节来临之际,福建省莆田市城厢区第一实验小学举行传统习俗“撞虎蛋”体验活动。学生们在经五味草煮过的鸭蛋上写下愿望,然后两两相撞,共祈今后更加平安、健康、聪明。新华社发(林剑冰摄)otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand    湖南省东北部的汨罗江上,每年农历五初五“端午节”都要举行盛大的龙舟竞赛,纪念两千年前在这里怀沙自沉的伟大爱国诗人屈原。    骚坛位于屈子祠右侧,坛址为一小丘,状如雄狮,面江而蹲(拍摄于1981年)。相传屈原的代表作《离骚》、《九歌》即写作于此。新华社记者王平摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     2008年6月4日,一位小朋友在一家商铺的摊位前观看出售的小粽子。端午将至,上海大街小巷已经弥漫着浓浓的节日气息,不少商家的粽子和香囊饰品热销。新华社记者裴鑫摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand 6月15日,小朋友们身着学童服,在武汉东湖向湖中投粽,祭祀屈原。当日,武汉在东湖屈原行吟阁举行端午屈原祭祀活动。本次祭祀活动由武汉大学国学班的学子等依照古礼,按照传统祭祀仪式进行。新华社记者程敏摄 otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     屈原祠外景(拍摄于1981年)。湖南省东北部的汨罗江上,每年农历五初五“端午节”都要举行盛大的龙舟竞赛,纪念两千年前在这里怀沙自沉的伟大爱国诗人屈原。该祠是屈原死后不久,当地居民在汨罗江畔建立的,1745年迁至汨罗县西12公里的玉笥山上。新华社记者王平摄   2007年6月19日,在贵州省遵义市沙河小区,一名市民往自家门上挂艾草等。当日,作为端午节的传统习俗,贵州遵义的不少市民从市场上买回艾otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     福建省龙海县农村在端午节举办龙舟比赛的情景。(拍摄于1985年)端午赛龙舟也是一种历史悠久的习俗,据说源于飞船拯救投江的爱国诗人屈原,另有一说是怕蛟龙伤害屈原尸体,人们驾舟击鼓鸣锣,以驱走蛟龙。新华社记者李开远摄草等,悬挂在自家门口。新华社发(张绍明摄)otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand    1961年6月17日下午在珠江举行。广州市郊新州人民公社的社员们,怀着愉快的心情,在龙舟上畅谈。新华社记者黄炽和摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     湖北省秭归县向家坪上的屈原纪念馆内的屈原石雕像。(拍摄于1988年)石像高103公分,重达数百斤,为明嘉靖16年(公元1537年)当地百姓捐款镌刻的,是中国国内至今保存的最早的一尊屈原石雕像。新华社记者花皑摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     企鹅端午也食“粽子”6月8日,在武汉东湖海洋世界,企鹅被“鱼粽子”所吸引。当日是中国传统节日端午节。武汉东湖海洋世界的工作人员为企鹅准备了特殊的美食——“鱼粽子”。小企鹅憨态可掬争相抢食“鱼粽子”的情景吸引了许多游客。新华社发(王振武摄)otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     2008年6月3日,一名中学生在展示手腕上的彩绳。端午节即将到来,很多商家抓住商机,开始出售彩绳等节庆商品。寓意平安长寿和祈福辟邪的端午彩绳引来了很多年轻人选购。新华社记者邵守志摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     6月15日,学子们身着古服,祭祀屈原。当日,武汉在东湖屈原行吟阁举行端午屈原祭祀活动。本次祭祀活动由武汉大学国学班的学子等依照古礼,按照传统祭祀仪式进行。新华社记者程敏摄otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand     2008年6月8日,海峡两岸青年在福建石狮蚶江海面上泼水庆端午。当日,第二届闽台对渡文化节暨蚶江海上泼水节在福建石狮蚶江举行,来自台湾鹿港的台胞和蚶江当地群众用在海上泼水的方式共度中国传统节日端午节。新华社记者姜克红摄 otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand

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