高中必背课文14篇之《阿房宫赋》

高中必背课文14篇之《阿房宫赋》1．杜牧《阿房宫赋》一文用对比的手法突出阿房宫中音乐声之繁多的两句是：“_________________，________________”。2．杜牧《阿房宫赋》一文以叙述的表达方式表现秦人对从六国掠夺来的珍宝毫不珍惜的对偶句是：“_________________，________________”。3．杜牧《阿房宫赋》一文告诫人们如果不吸取历史教训就会重蹈覆辙的句子是：“_________________，________________”。4．杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中，用带着谴责语气的问句对秦国贪婪掠夺而又肆意挥霍财富的行为提出批评的句子是：“_________________，________________”。5．杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中写通过外貌与神态的细节描写刻画出宫女对君王宠幸的期盼之情后，再用“_________________，________________”两句写出了现实的残酷和时间的无情。6．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，描写渭水、樊川两条河流水流平缓地经过阿房宫的两句是：“_________________，________________”。7．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用夸张的手法写出阿房宫占地之广、宫殿楼阁之高之大的两句是：“_________________，________________”。8．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用倒置式的暗喻，以璀璨的晶亮的闪闪明星来比喻宫女纷纷打开的妆镜的句子是：“_________________，________________”。9．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句可以看出，阿房宫里的宫女，有很多原来在六国是身份很高贵的。10．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用故作疑问的话、把阿房宫中水面上的长桥比作“云中龙”的句子是：“_________________，________________”。11．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用故作疑问的话、把阿房宫中楼阁之间架木筑成的通道比作天上的彩虹的句子是：“_________________，________________”。12 12．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用比喻的手法生动形象地描写出阿房宫里走廊以及屋檐的形状的两句是：“_________________，________________”。13．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，作者连用五个有比喻色彩的对比写出了阿旁宫建筑用材之多，其中“_________________，________________”这个可以看出古代中国农民在普通家庭的重要地位。14．杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中连用了五组判断句作排比，写出了阿房宫的宫女梳妆打扮的情景以及君王宫车经过的震撼，但得到的结果却是“_________________，________________”，失望之情表露无遗。15．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，把阿房宫宫殿之多比作蜂房和水涡的两句是：“_________________，________________”。16．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了老百姓对于秦始皇的暴君行为有怨气却不敢说。17．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了奢华宏伟的阿房宫最终的结局——被项羽一把火给烧了，语气中流露出作者对其的惋惜之情。18．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了秦始皇变得越来越骄横顽固、专制极端，为后文写全国各地纷纷起义作了铺垫。19．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句通过一个肯定句和否定句写出了曾经无比强大的秦帝国最终被灭族的原因。20．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句通过一个肯定句和否定句写出了六国灭亡的原因，角度独特，观点大胆。21．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句用假设的语气发表议论，说明六国国君不够爱民是被秦灭国的根本原因。12 22．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句用假设的语气发表议论，说明秦始皇建立的强大的秦帝国没法延续下去的根本原因的不够爱民。23．杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了昔日六国身份显贵的妃嫔和公主们，在国亡被俘后屈辱的境况和卑微的身份。2020年茂名市高三级第一次综合测试英语试卷本试卷共8页，三大题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从21开始。2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APlacestospendChristmasinCanada.12 Quebeccity.Quebeccitywillbeagreatplacetospendtheholidays,withstonestrees,softwhitesnow,andsomeofthemosthistoricandstrikingarchitectureinCanada.Andthere’salotgoingoninthecapitalofLaBelleProvince,includinganauthenticGermanChristmasmarketwhereyoucandrinkhotwineandlookforgifts,andthechancetomeetSantaClaushimselfatFairmontLeChateauFrontenacHotel.St.John's,NewfoundlandInSt.John's,Newfoundland,peoplewoulddisguise(伪装)themselvesinwhateversmallobjectstheycouldfindintheirhomesandshowupontheirneighbour'sdoorstepssinging,dancingandcelebrating—andnotremovingtheirmasksuntiltheneighbourscorrectlyguessedtheiridentities.ThisfunandfestivetraditionlivesonwithanannualChristmasfestival,completelywithworkshopsandabigparadethatshowsthesesimpledisguises.NiagaraFalls,OntarioTheillumination(照明)ofthemagnificentwaterfallsispartofNiagaraFalls'annualWinterFestivalofLights,whichseesmorethanthreemillionlightslightedthroughoutthecity.Therearealsoweeklyfireworksoverthefallsduringthewholefestival,andanumberofotherfestiveevents,includingmusicals,shoppingfairsandconcerts.SaskatoonTherearefewbiggerthrillsthanbeingakidatChristmas,especiallyifyouliveinSaskatoon.ArecentstudybytheUniversityofToronto'sRotmanSchoolofManagementfoundthatSaskatoonhasthehighestnumberofcandyandtoystores,inthecountry,andaverygoodprobabilityofhavingsnowonDecember25.It'stheperfectcombinationforamagicalChristmas!Grown-upswillalsoappreciatetheboomingfoodscene.21.Whichplacewillyougoifyouareinterestedinhistoricbuildings?A.QuebecCity.B.St.John's.C.NiagaraFalls.D.Saskatoon.22.WhatisspecialaboutNiagaraFalls,OntarioduringChristmas?A.Market.B.Wine.C.Light.D.Snow.23.WhowillbethemostexcitedatChristmasinSaskatoon？A.Babies.B.Children.C.Grown-ups.D.Seniorcitizens.BWhenTonytookuprunningasahobbyhewas42yearsold.Now42yearslaterhe'sanationalchampionandaworldrecordholder.12 Heneverimaginedattheageof84thisiswherehe'dbe,butthenhedoesn'tmeetmanypeopleintheir80swhoareouttrainingfourtimesaweek."Icanseeit'sabitunusual,yes.Butit'sbeenmylife."hetoldthereporter.TheretiredofficerrunsatatracknearhishomeinLeeds.AtaneventinItalylastmonthhesetaworldrecordinthe80metreshurdles(跨栏)withatimeofunder17seconds.Butheseesnoreasontoslowdownandhisambitionisstilltobecompetingwhenhepassesahundred."Iprobablywon'tbedoingacrouchstart(蹲式起跑）,butit'sonly16yearsaway.”hejoked.Likeanyonehisage,he'shadhealthproblems.He'shadastringofsevereheartattacks，butdoctorshavetoldhimaslongasitmakeshimfeelgood,heshouldcarryonrunning."Ican'tletmyheartgetinthewayofmytraining.WhenIamsprintingIhavetogiveitmyabsoluteall.Myheartisthelastthingonmymind."hesaid.Hetrainseveryotherday,dancesandplayshockeyandherecentlycutsdownonalcoholandchocolate.Hesaid,"I'veheardalcoholcanleadtodementiaandIdon'twantthat.I'vecutdowntooneglassofwineeveryotherday.InowhavetostayasfitasIcanbetokeepupmylifestyle."Tony'snextbirthdayisnextSeptember.Andthefirstthinghewantstodoisbecometheworld'sfastest85-year-old.24.WhatwillTonydoafterthecompetitioninItaly?A.Hedecidestoslowdown.B.Hedecidestoretireasanofficer.C.Heplansonrunninguntilhe's100D.Heplanstocompeteinthe100metreshurdles25.WhatdothedoctorssuggesttoTony?A.Continuingtorunifhefeelsgood.B.Stoppingrunningtotreathisheartdisease.C.Tryingtorunasfastashecan.D.Cuttingdownonalcoholandchocolate.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTony?A.Imaginative.B.positive.C.Caring.D.Demanding.27.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?12 A.TheFastestManintheWorld.B.TheWorld'sFastest85-year-old.C.ANationalChampionandaWorldRecordHolder.D.GranddadCrownedFastest84-year-oldintheWorld.CScreensduringmealsrobkidsofopportunitiestoimprovelanguageandcommunicationskills(storytelling,makingjokes,etc.),aswellastodeveloppatienceandevenimaginationastheyentertainthemselveswaitingforfoodtoarrive.Mealsareanopportunitytoconnect,tolearnmoreaboutandenjoyeachother.Theystrengthenthebondsthatwillbringbenefitstotherestofourlives.Wesquanderthatopportunitywhenwestickascreeninfrontofourkidsduringdinner.Ofcourse，weallwanttohaveenjoyablefamilymeals,whichiswhyIloveBruceFeiller'sbook"TheSecretsofHappyFamilies",inwhichhedevotesanentirechaptertowaystomakethemfunandmeaningfulforeveryone--suchas"fillintheblank"sentencesyoumakeup.Sharingsomethinggoodandsomethingchallengingmakesforpleasantconversations,too.AndI'vehadfunplayingUnowithmydaughtersuntilthefoodarrivesinarestaurant."Thegameyou'regoingtotryduringyournextfamilymealis___."TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(小儿科)alsooffersguidelinestohelpfamiliesmanagechildren’sscreentime.Theacademyrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaforchildrenunder2,exceptforvideo-chatting,andlimitingscreentimetojustonehouradayofhigh-qualityprogrammingforchildrenages2to5.Fundamentally,weallbenefitfrommorehumanconnection,notless-andthat'sespeciallytrueforchildren.Schools,airplanetrips,mostjobs,games,even“social"interactionwerealloncedonewithoutscreensbutnowarefilledwiththem.Andwhilewehavegainedsomeadvantages,includingnewconnections,wehavelostsomethingfundamental,aswell.Lessisalwaysmorewhenitcomestoscreens,eveniftheyareeffectiveatkeepingkidsquiet.Butsoonaftercomplainingthattheyare"bored,"kidshaveanaturaltendencytofillthescreenlessvoid(空虚)withcreativegames,art，explorationandconversation.Therearenostudiesthatwarnagainsthavingtoomanyhoursofthoseactivities.Let'sallworkhardertokeepfamilymealsspecialbygettingridoftheiPadsandnourishingourpersonalconnectionsaswenourishourbodies.28,What'stheauthor'sattitudetothekids’staringatscreensduringmeals?A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Cautious.D.Unconcerned.12 29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"squander”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Take.B.Waste.C.Expect.D.Create.30.Whatwillkidsdoiftheyhavenoaccesstoscreens?A.Keepquiet.B.Refusetoeat.C.Feelboredallthetime.D.Findwaystoentertainthemselves.31.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassge?A.TointroducetheiPadstothechildren.B.Tostresstheimportanceoffamilymeals.C.Toappealforfamilymealswithoutscreens.D.Toteachparentshowtopunishtheirchildren.DA23-year-oldBritishwomanhasinventedaproductthatshehopeswillonedaytaketheplaceofsingle-useplastic.Thenewproductismadebycombiningfishingwasteandalgae(藻类).LucyHughescreatedthematerial,calledMarinaTex,forherfinalyearprojectattheUniversityofSussex.Shecontinuedherresearchaftershelefttheuniversity.OnNovember13,theJamesDysonFoundationannouncedthatHugheswastheinternationalwinnerofthe2019JamesDysonAwardfordesign.MarinaTexisedible,meaningitcanbeeatenwithoutdanger.Hughessaysitalsoisstrongandstable.Butunlikeplastic,MarinaTexbreaksdowninfourtosixweeksundernormalconditionsanddoesnotpollutethesoil.Theinventorsaidsheisconcernedaboutthegrowingamountsofplasticsinoceanwaters.Shenotedonereportthattherewouldbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansbytheyear2050.TheUnitedNationsestimatesthat100milliontonsofplasticwastehasalreadybeenleftintheoceans.Hughesalsowasinvestigatingwaystoreducetheamountofwastefromthefishingindustry.Theindustryproducesanestimated50milliontonsofwasteworldwideeachyear,UNofficialssay.HughestoldReutersthatshewas"tryingtoworkouthowIcouldusethewastestreamandaddvaluetothatwaste."Examiningfishpartsleftoverfromprocessinghelpedtogivehertheideaforamaterialthatwasusefulanddidnotharmtheenvironment.Tocreateastrongmaterial,Hughesaddedthemoleculechitosan,whichcomesfromseacreatureslikecrabs,andagar,amaterialfromredalgae.12 Aftermonthsoftesting,Hughesproducedastrong,flexiblesheetthatformsattemperaturesbelow100degreesCelsius.InventorJamesDysonsaidthatMarinaTexis"stronger,saferandmuchmoresustainable"thantheplasticpolyethylene.Itisalsoeasiertobreakdownthanotherpossiblereplacementproductsforpolyethylene,thematerialthatsingle-useplasticbagsaremadeof.Hugheswillreceiveabout$41,000inprizemoneyasthefirstplacewinneroftheJamesDysonAward.ShetoldReutersthatsheplanstousethemoneytobetterdeveloptheproductandwaystomassproduceit.32.WhendidLucyHughescreateMarinaTex?A.Atuniversity.B.Aftergraduation.C.Beforegoingtouniversity.D.AfterwinningtheJamesDysonAward.33.What'strueaboutMarinaTex?A.Itisdelicious.B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itisatypeofplastics.D.Itexistsforalongtimeinnature.34.WhathelpedtogivehertheideaforMarinaTex?A.Observingtheprocessoffishing.B.Studyingdifferentpartsofafish.C.Checkingwastefromthefishingindustry.D.Examiningleft-overfishpartsaftercooking.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Education.C.Lifestyle.D.Technology.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eight-year-oldTylerStallingshasbeenhelpinghomelessveterans(老兵）sincehewas4yearsold，andsofarthislittleboyhasraisedover$50,000forhiscause.Tyler'smother,AndreaBlackstone,saidwhenTylerwas4shewantedtoteachhimabouttheimportanceofveterans.__36_AsTylerwaswatchingtheseYouTubevideos,heaskedhismother."Ifthey'reheroeswhyshouldtheybeonthestreet?"Blackstonesaid4-year-oldTylerthenbeggedhertotakehimtobuywoodandnailsandbuildtheveteranshouses.__37__SothemothergotTylerintouchwithMaryland'sGovernor,andTylerwasgivena12 grantof$100.Withthehelpofthegrant,TylerdecidedthatonceayearonVeteran'sDay,hewouldgatheritemslikeclothestogivehomelessveteranscarepackages.Thiswentonsowell,however,thattheydecidedjustVeteran'sDaywasn'tenough._38_Tyler'sgoalistoraisepeople'sawarenessoftheveterans'sacrificesandbring"herobags"toveteranswhoarehomelessorneedbasicsupplies.__39__.Recently,hewasabletopartnerwithamattresscompanythatdonated250bedsandabackpackcompanythatgiftedTylerbackpackstoholdhis"herobag"products.__40__"Theyshouldhavethethingstheyneedbecauseofallthegoodthingsthey'vedoneforourcountry,"Tylersaid."Itmakesmefeelveryhappyandverygoodwhentheyhaveahappyreaction."A.Sheexplainedtohimtheycouldn'taffordit.B.ForTyler,hisworkisbothimportantandrewarding.C.Hesawvideosofhomelesveteransandhethoughtthisisn'tright.D.Itwassupposedtobeone-timething,butturnedintoanall-the-timeevent.E.Tylerhopestoraiseenoughfundforatrucktodeliverevenmoreitemstothem.F.Tyler's"herobags"forveteransincludethingssuchasclothes,hygieneproductsandbedding.G.SheturnedtoYouTubetoshowhersonvideosaboutveteransandthethingstheydidforourcountry.第三部分语言知识应用（共两节,满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Childrenremain'bundlesofjoy'allovertheworld.Welovetheirinnocenceandtheirneedisourcommand.Buthaveyoueverbeen__41_totheirhealing(治愈）powers?Agoodladyfriendofmine,aschoolteacher,had__42__herbelovedhusbandinatragiccaraccident.Shehadbeenenjoyinga__43__marriedlifeonlyfortwoandahalfyearswhentragedy(悲剧）struck.Noonewasableto__44__myfriend.Shestoppedattendingherschooljob,__45__tocommunicatewithanyoneand__46__instantly.As__47__,wetriedourbesttobringheroutofthedarkand__48__homebutsherefusedstubbornlytillherschoolprincipal,a__49__personvisitedheroneday.He__50__hertogetbacktoschoolandcommentedthatthe__51__ofthechildrenwouldbringherpeaceofmindasnothingelsecould.Unwillingly,myfriendstarted__52__schoolagain,afternearlythreeorfourmonths，ImetherafteramonthandthisisthetimeIwasquiet__53__.12 WherewasthatdepressedsoulwhoImetlasttime?Herewasmyfriend,backtoheroldself-happy,humorousandfullof__54__.WhenIaskaboutthe__55__ofreturningtowhereshebelonged,shesquarelyputthe__56__ontothechildrenintheschoolwithwhomshespentabetterpartofherday.This__57__leftadeepimpressioninmymindandIstartedtoexploredeeperintothe__58__ofhealingpowersofchildren.Myfriendgavememanyinputstomystudyandshe__59__thatthemoretimeyouspendwithpeoplewhoareinnocent,whogiveyouunconditionallove,themorejoyandpeaceofmindyoucanget,__60__duringthetroubledtimes.41.AexposedBdevotedCcommittedD.attracted42.AsavedBmissedC.lostD.deserted43.A.typicalBhappyCsimpleD.hard44.A.stopBencourageC.comfortDsupport45.A.refusedBpreferredCtendedD.liked46.AwhisperedBcomplainedCsangD.cried47.AcolleaguesB.familyC.leadersD.friends48.ApleasingBdepressingCdisappointingD.puzzling49.Anoble-mindedBopen-mindedCwarm-heartedD.white-haired50.A.advisedBbeggedC.forcedD.allowed51.A.natureB.attractionCcrowdD.company52.AappreciatingBattendingC.joiningDhelping53.A.surprisedB.satisfiedCmovedDencouraged54.A.curiosityB.stressC.lifeD.sense55.AconsequenceBpurposeC.courseD.secret56.AhonorB.victoryC.creditD.blame57.AincidentBphenomenonCaccidentD.tragedy58.A.descriptionBtheoryC.conclusionD.progress59.A.expectedBrealizedCconfirmedDsuggested60.A,actuallyBnaturallyC.commonlyDespecially第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)12 阅读下面短文、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Expertssaythebeepopulationisgettingsmallerbecauseofclimatechangeandotherhuman-caused__61__(activity).Wearebuildinghousesandcitiesonlandwheretheylive,andusingchemicals__62__arekillingthem.Lastwinter,U.S,beekeepers__63__(lose)almost40%oftheircolonies(蜂群).Thiele,__64__beekeeper,saystheusualwayspeopleraisehoneybees__65__(be)badfortheirhealth.Herejectsthewhiteboxesthat__66__(tradition)beekeepersuse.Healsorefusestousechemicals,smokeorprotectiveclothingwhenheworkswithbees.Hetouchesthem__67__hisbarehands.Thielesayshishives(蜂蜜)arebothawaytosavebeesandapersonalproject.Whilebeescrawled(爬）overhishandsandarmshesaid,"ItfeelssocloseandIfeelhow__68__(deep)webelongandhowimportantitis__69__(keep)themsafefromharm."Headdedthathoneybeesshowhowfragilelifeis.Hemadea__70__(far)remark,“Asiftheyarereallymirroringwhereweareonthistimeonthisplanet.”第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dearfriends,pleaseallowmetosharesomeinformationsaboutChineseteaculturewithyou.Chineseteahashistoryofnearly5,000years.Inthepast,teadrinkingtakesplaceinaquietplace.Drinkingteaisgreatbeneficialtous.Forexample,itcanmakepeoplerelaxing.Beside,itdoesgoodtopeople'shealth.Teaisbecomingincreasinglypopularwithpeoplewhomoftenusethemasagift.Wheneverguestsarrive,offeracupofteatothemisabasicsocialcustom.InGuangdong.manyofpeopleenjoymorningteawithdifferentkindsoffoodinhotelsorrestaurants.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友12 Linda很喜欢中国文化，特别是丝绸。正巧你市于1月20日至26日举行“中国丝绸文化节”，你想邀请她同去，请你给她写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1.写信目的；2.介绍文化节;3.约定见面时间、地点。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。12