诫子书练习题

《诫子书》练习题命题人：孙淑杰一、字词解释 1、夫君子之行            行：   2、静以修身              静：     3、俭以养德              俭：      养：   4、非淡泊无以明志        淡泊：        明：     志： 5、 非宁静无以致远        致  ：        远：  7、非学无以广才广：           才：  8、淫慢则不能励精淫：           慢：          励：  9、险躁则不能冶性      险：    躁：    治：    性：  10、年与时驰年：          时：驰：  11、意与日去             意：          日：           去：  12、遂成枯落遂：          枯落：  13、悲守穷庐穷庐：  14、诫子书：             诫：          书：  三、句子翻译 1、夫君子之行，静以修身，俭以养德。 翻译：_____________________________________________________________________  2、非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。 翻译： _____________________________________________________________________ 3、夫学须静也，才须学也。 翻译：__________________________________________________________________ ___ 4、非学无以广才，非志无以成学。 翻译：_____________________________________________________________________  5、淫慢则不能励精，险躁则不能冶性。 翻译： __________________________________________________________________ __6、 年与时驰，意与日去，遂成枯落，多不接世，    翻译：   ____________________________________________________________________7、悲守穷庐，将复何及！翻译： _______________________________________________________________________--四、文章分析 1、本文中心论点是： _______________________________                                                   2、文中有句话常被人们当做“志当存高远”的座右铭，这句话是：  _____________________________________________________________________                       3、《诫子书》中能表现“躁”的危险的句子是：_______________________________________________________________________---  4、诸葛亮写这封信的用意是什么？     5、本文就哪几方面进行了论述？这几个方面是如何展开论述的？你能再补充一个论据（道理或事实均可）吗？  A.                                                                            B.                                                                                           6、文本作者抓住一个“  静  ”字，  围绕学学习 告诫儿子要成材必须具备哪几个条件？请分别找出原句。  三个方面:        、             、                     （1） ：     《诫子书》练习题命题人：孙淑杰（2） ：    （3） ：    7、举例说明本文句式方面的特点。 例如：“静以修身，俭以养德。”“非澹泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。”           8、惜时诗句：。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   9、用“/”给下面的句子标出停顿。 夫 学 须 静 也 才 须 学 也 非 学 无 以 广 才 非 志 无 以 成 才  4. 用现代汉语翻译下列句子。 ① 夫君子之行,静以修身，俭以养德  ② 非淡泊无以明志,非宁静无以致远. __________________________________________________________________________________③ 淫慢则不能励精,险躁则不能治性. ___________________________________________________________________________ _____④ 年与时驰,意与日去,遂成枯萎,多不接世.   _______________________________________________________________________________5. 对这篇短文的分析，错误的一项是（  ） A.“非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远”说明了“淡泊”“宁静”是实现人生理想的基本要求，强调他们是与人的志向相关的。 B.“学须静也”的“学”已经不只是一般的学习，而含有修养自己的人格和品德的意思，“静” 也不只是单纯的宁静，而有淡泊名利的意味。 C.“淫慢则不能励精,险躁则不能治性”从反面说明了“淡泊”“宁静”的重要性。 D.“悲守穷庐，将复何及”表达了君子不与外界同流合污，独善其身的良好愿望。 6. 本文作者主要从________和_______两个方面进行分析论述的,文中表明作者观点的句子 从这几个方面又是怎样展开论述的？ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________7. 作者写这封信的用意是什么? _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 文中有两句话常被人们用作“志当存高远”的座右铭，请写出这两句话。 ____________________________________、_________________________________________ 9. 请从文中找出你喜欢的名句,并说说你摘录的理由. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 关于修身养性的问题，古人有过许多名言警句，请你任意写出两句。  《诫子书》练习题命题人：孙淑杰____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【自主补充】________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________