课时同步练习(四十) 公式五和公式六(建议用时:60分钟)[合格基础练]一、选择题1.若sin(3π+α)=-,则cos等于( )A.- B.C.D.-A [∵sin(3π+α)=-sinα=-,∴sinα=.∴cos=cos=-cos=-sinα=-.]2.已知sin10°=k,则cos620°的值为( )A.kB.-kC.±kD.不确定B [cos620°=cos(360°+260°)=cos260°=cos(270°-10°)=-sin10°=-k.]3.已知sin=,则cos等于( )A.-B.C.D.-5
A [cos=cos=-sin=-.故选A.]4.若sin(180°+α)+cos(90°+α)=-a,则cos(270°-α)+2sin(360°-α)的值是( )A.-B.-C.D.B [由sin(180°+α)+cos(90°+α)=-a,得-sinα-sinα=-a,即sinα=,cos(270°-α)+2sin(360°-α)=-sinα-2sinα=-3sinα=-a.]5.化简:=( )A.-sinθB.sinθC.cosθD.-cosθA [原式===-sinθ.]二、填空题6.化简sin(π+α)cos+sincos(π+α)=________.-1 [原式=(-sinα)·sinα+cosα·(-cosα)=-sin2α-cos2α=-1.]7.已知cos=,且|φ|<,则tanφ=________.5
- [cos=-sinφ=,sinφ=-,又∵|φ|<,∴cosφ=,故tanφ=-.]8.已知α是第四象限角,且cos(5°+α)=,则cos(α-85°)=________.- [因为α是第四象限角,且cos(5°+α)=>0,所以5°+α是第四象限角,所以sin(5°+α)=-=-,所以cos(α-85°)=cos(5°+α-90°)=sin(5°+α)=-.]三、解答题9.已知角α的终边经过点P.(1)求sinα的值;(2)求的值.[解] (1)因为点P,所以|OP|=1,sinα=-.(2)==,由三角函数定义知cosα=,故所求式子的值为.5
10.求证:=.[证明] 左边===,右边=====,所以等式成立.[等级过关练]1.若f(cosx)=cos2x,则f(sin15°)的值为( )A.- B.C.-D.A [因为f(sin15°)=f(cos75°)=cos150°=-.]2.计算sin21°+sin22°+sin23°+…+sin289°=( )A.89 B.90C. D.45C [原式=(sin21°+sin289°)+(sin22°+sin288°)+…+(sin244°+sin246°)+sin245°=44+=.]3.已知=2,则sin(θ-5π)sin=________.5
[∵=2,sinθ=3cosθ,∴tanθ=3.sin(θ-5π)sin=sinθcosθ===.]4.已知锐角α终边上一点P的坐标是(2sin2,-2cos2),则α等于________.2- [cosα==sin2,∵α为锐角,∴α=2-.]5.已知f(α)=.(1)化简f(α);(2)若f=-,且α是第二象限角,求tanα.[解] (1)f(α)===sinα.(2)由sin=-,得cosα=-,又α是第二象限角,所以sinα==,则tanα==-.5