Unit2MakingadifferenceSectionAStartingout&Understandingideas
内容索引基础落实·必备知识全过关语篇研读·文本脉落全明晰重难探究·能力素养全提升
[单元素养目标]素养导航·明目标语言能力必背单词contributionreliefeffectiveearndonatesensitivegeneroushesitateassistanceaidachievementmajortreatment重点短语giveupbreakintoasmiletakeuprisetoone’sfeetindanger核心语法过去分词作定语主题写作人物传记
文化意识了解英美等国家的伟大人物学习和借鉴人类文明的优秀成果思维品质了解对社会有突出贡献的人物概括与总结志愿者工作的特点积极探索与现代社会共同进步的方式学习能力熟练运用本单元词汇及语言现象正确看待志愿者工作的价值丰富自己的相关知识,开阔眼界
基础落实·必备知识全过关
Ⅰ.重点单词■必记写作词汇1.v.为……提供资金,资助2.v.挣(钱)■识记阅读词汇1.internaladj.2.fountainn.3.insightn.fundearn内部的喷水池顿悟,猛醒
■串记拓展词汇1.contributionn.贡献;投稿→_______________v.贡献;投稿;捐献2.reliefn.减轻,缓解→_______________v.减轻;缓解3.shortagen.短缺,不足,缺乏→_______________adj.短的;缺乏的;简洁的;缩写的→_______________v.缩短;变短4.effectiveadj.有效的,产生预期效果的→____________n.结果;效力;作用→_______________adv.有效地5.recyclev.再利用,回收利用→_______________n.周期;循环contributerelieveshortshorteneffecteffectivelycycle
6.donatev.捐赠,捐献→_______________n.捐赠;捐款;捐赠物7.foundationn.基金会;创立→_______________v.创立;建立8.perseverancen.不屈不挠,坚持不懈→_______________v.坚持;孜孜以求9.realityn.真实,现实→_______________adj.真实的;天然的→_______________adj.现实的;实际的;逼真的→_______________v.实现;认识到→_______________adv.真实地;确实;当真donationfoundpersevererealrealisticrealizereally
【掌握构词规律快速记牢单词】后缀-age的功能:(1)加在形容词后面表示该特点的状况或存在的状态;(2)加在动词后面构成抽象名词,表示该行为或行为的结果;(3)加在名词后面,表示该事物的群体或与该事物有关的场所或表示事物的状况等。shortadj.缺少的→shortagen.短缺,不足,缺乏breakv.打破→breakagen.损坏marryv.结婚→marriagen.婚姻postv.邮寄→postagen.邮费bagn.包→baggagen.行李
Ⅱ.重点短语1.受支配;受控制2.往对面看3.挣钱4.放弃5.下决心做6.说服某人做undercontrollookacrossearn/makemoneygiveupbedeterminedtodopersuadesb.todo
7.出席8.有影响;起(重要)作用9.突然笑起来10.建立11.从……之中获益12.使某人梦想成真turnoutmakeadifferencebreakintoasmilesetupbenefitfrommakeone’sdreamareality
语篇研读·文本脉落全明晰
Step1Fast-readingTask1SkimmingformainstructureReadthepassagequicklyandthenfillintheblanks.gooddeedscleanwaterawellbuildmorewellscourageperseverance
Task2ReadingforthemainideaThemainideaofthepassageisthat__________________________________.RyanbuiltawelltohelpsolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica
Step2DetailedreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1.WhatwaswrongwiththewaterinsomedevelopingAfricancountries?A.Thecountriesweretoodrytohaveenoughwater.B.Thewellsweretoofarawayandthewaterwasdirty.C.Peopledidn’twanttowalktofetchwater.D.Peopleusedtoomuchwaterandpollutedit.B
2.KnowingthatmanypeopleinAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater,Ryanwas.A.happyandworriedB.surprisedandconcernedC.excitedandcuriousD.angryanddisappointed3.HowdidRyangetenoughmoneytobuildawell?A.Hepersuadedhisneighbourstodonatemoney.B.Heaskedhisclassmatestodonatemoney.C.Hismother’sfriendmadehisstorygopublic.D.Alloftheabove.BD
4.WhichisthedirectresultofRyan’seffort?A.Gettingmorecleanwater.B.Settingupafoundation.C.Buildinganewwell.D.Makinghimgopublic.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisthebestexplanationofthetitle?A.RyanwasdeterminedtogiveuphisplantobuildawellinAfrica.B.ThewellbuiltbyRyansolvedtheproblemofworldwidewatershortage.C.Themorewellsyoudig,thebettertheworldwillbe.D.ThewellbuiltbyRyanencouragedmorepeopletohelpmaketheworldabetterplace.CD
Step3Post-readingⅠ.课文语篇填空Ryan,asix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,hadtrouble1._____________(believe)manypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.Hedecidedtohelpthem.Atfirst,hisplanwas2._____________(earn)moneytobuildawellsomewhereinAfrica.Heearned$70byworkingforhisfamilyandneighbours.However,whenhegavethemoneytoacharity,he3._____________(tell)thatitactuallycost$2,000tobuildawell.Ryandidn’tgiveup4._____________startedtopersuadehisclassmatesandneighbourstodonatemoney.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,with5._____________awellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.believingtoearnwastoldbutwhich
Thechildrenweregratefultohimandinvitedhimtovisit.InUganda,whenRyansawthe6.____________(finish)wellandthehappystudents,hebrokeinto7.________joyfulsmile.Later,Ryanset8.___________afoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.Thesix-year-oldboy9._____________(eventual)madehisdreama10._____________(real).Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.finishedaupeventuallyreality
Ⅱ.长难句分析1.Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.过去分词短语作后置定语[尝试翻译]that引导同位语从句年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家,许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
2.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttargetof$70,butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,hewastoldthatitactuallycost$2,000tobuildawell.that引导宾语从句[尝试翻译]并列连词when引导时间状语从句他很快就达到了他的第一个目标——70美元。但是当他把这笔钱捐给一个慈善机构的时候,他才得知挖一口井实际上需要花费2000美元。
Ⅲ.教材熟词生义relief项目意义例句熟义n.Exerciseisanexcellentsourceofstressrelief.生义n.Thenextcrewreliefcomesondutyat9o’clock.减轻,缓解换班人
重难探究·能力素养全提升
重点词汇1.contributionn.贡献;捐款;稿件【教材原句】thecontributionthesepeoplemadetosociety这些人对社会做出的贡献【归纳拓展】(1)makeacontributionto...对……做出贡献(2)contributevt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助;有助于;投稿contribute...to...向……捐赠……;向……投稿contributeto(doing)sth.导致……;有助于……【背佳句】Weadmiretheoldscientistforhiscontributiontothecountry.我们非常钦佩这位为国家做出贡献的老科学家。
练出神单句语法填空①Thisnewtechnologywillmakegreat(contribute)tothedevelopmentofChina’scommunicationindustry.②ManypeoplecontributedmoneyProjectHope,whichcontributedmanychildren’scomingbacktoschool.写精彩完成句子·背诵③把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心,并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。Doingsmallthingswell_________________________________________andhelpingusmeetbiggerchallengesinthefuture.contributionstotocontributestobuildingupourconfidence
2.reliefn.减轻,缓解;宽慰;救济【教材原句】Theamountofreliefandcomfortexperiencedbythesickaftertheskinhasbeencarefullywashedanddried,isoneofthecommonestobservationsmadeatasickbed.在病人的皮肤被仔细地清洗和擦干之后,病人所感受到的放松和舒适是在病床上最常见的现象之一。
【归纳拓展】(1)muchtoone’srelief令某人宽慰的是inrelief如释重负Itisarelieftodosth.做某事令人欣慰。(2)relievevt.减轻(痛苦、焦虑)relievesb.of...帮助某人减轻……(负担)(3)relievedadj.感到宽慰的【背佳句】Ifinishedmylasttesttoday.Whatarelief!NowI’mfree.我今天考完了最后一场考试。总算松了一口气!现在我自由了。
练出神单句语法填空①Itisarelief(see)himpullhisweight.②Hearingthathepassedtheexam,hesighedrelief.③Thenewsecretarywillcontributetorelievingussomeofthepaperwork.toseeinof
写精彩一句多译·背诵④发现我妹妹已经适应了新环境,我感到很欣慰。→tofindmysisterhadadjustedherselftothenewsurroundings.→,Ifoundmysisterhadadjustedherselftothenewsurroundings.→Itofindmysisterhadadjustedherselftothenewsurroundings.→Mysisterhadadjustedherselftothenewsurroundings,which.ItwasareliefTomyreliefwasrelievedmademerelieved
3.shortagen.短缺,不足,缺乏【教材原句】Freshwatershortage(lessthan1,000m3/capita/year)淡水缺乏(每人每年不到1,000立方米)【归纳拓展】(1)ashortageof...缺乏……(2)shortadj.缺少的;短的;矮的beshortof缺少……beshortfor是……的缩写/简称inshort总之,简言之forshort作为简称
【背佳句】Theshortageoffundsledtothecompany’sinternalproblems.资金短缺导致公司内部出现问题。练出神单句语法填空①A(short)ofhandshasreducedourfactory’syearlyoutput.②Asweallknow,TVisshort“Television”.③Hewasshortcashafterthecollapseofhisbusiness.shortageforof
写精彩语段填空·背诵④UN是联合国的简称,因此,我们简称联合国是UN。在过去,世界缺乏公平。但是现在,在联合国的帮助下,我们生活在一个公平的世界中。总之,我相信世界将会变得越来越好!TheUNtheUnitedNations.So,wecallittheUN.Inthepast,theworldfairness.However,nowadays,withthehelpoftheUN,wearelivinginafairworld.,Ibelieve,theworldwillbecomebetterandbetter!isshortforforshortwasshortofInshort
4.effectiveadj.有效的,产生预期效果的【教材原句】NowtickthesolutionsthatyouthinkaremosteffectivetosupplyAfricawithfreshwater.现在勾选你认为向非洲供应淡水最有效的解决方案。【归纳拓展】(1)takeeffectivemeasurestodosth.采取有效的措施做某事(2)effectn.效果;影响;作用haveaneffecton/upon...对……有影响comeintoeffect=takeeffect生效ineffect=infact/reality实际上(3)affectvt.影响;侵袭,使感染
【背佳句】Theydecidedtotakeeffectivemeasures.Moreover,theywouldestablishawater-savingfoundation.他们决定采取有效措施。此外,他们将建立一个节水基金会。练出神单句语法填空①AsfarasI’mconcerned,punishmenthaslittleeffecthim.②Thelocalauthorityhastaken(effect)measurestoresolvetheproblem.③Muchtohisrelief,thenewrulecameeffectatlast.写精彩完成句子·背诵④听到他父亲去世的消息,他深受影响。Onhearingthenewsthathisfatherdied,.on/uponeffectiveintohewasgreatlyaffected
5.turnout出席,参加;证明是,结果是;生产,制造【教材原句】Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生出来迎接他。【归纳拓展】(1)turnout(tobe)...结果是……Itturnsoutthat...结果是……,证明是……(2)turndown关小;拒绝turnup出现;到场;调高(音量等)turnto转向;求助于
【背佳句】ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhenIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.小时候我父母教我的游戏,在我后来的生活中变得非常有用。
练出神单句语法填空①Tohisembarrassment,hissonturnedthejobofferfromatheatrebecausethepaywastoolow.②Hefinallyturnedatourgraduationceremonywithsomesouvenirsinhishands.③Intimesoftrouble,Ialwaysturnmyparentsforadvice.写精彩完成句子·背诵④结果证实该方法是成功的。themethodissuccessful.downuptoItturnsoutthat
6.breakintoasmile突然笑起来【教材原句】Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.他高兴地笑了。【归纳拓展】breakinto破门而入;闯入;突然……起来(+名词)breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发;突然……起来(+doing)breakdown停止运转,出故障;分解;垮掉breakup打碎;分裂,解体;结束;(关系等)破裂breakaway(from...)突然离开;(从……中)脱离【背佳句】Theteacher’seyessparkledandherlipsbrokeintoasmile.老师的眼睛闪闪发光,嘴里笑出声来。
练出神单句语法填空①Whenthemarriagefinallybroke,itwasobviouslyaterribleblowtoSoames.②Hedecidedtobreakawayhomeandcontributetosomethingmeaningful.③Therobberbrokethefoundation,tryingtotakeawaysomemoney.④Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaks?upfromintoout
写精彩完成句子·背诵⑤他正在寻找一些重要的国际新闻时,计算机系统突然坏了。Hewassearchingforsomeimportantinternationalnewswhen.thecomputersystembrokedownsuddenly
7.setup安装;装配;开办,创建;安排【教材原句】Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.后来,基于这次经历,瑞安设立了一个基金会,鼓励更多的人提供帮助。【归纳拓展】putup张贴;搭建pickup捡起;搭载;好转;学会;捡起buildup创建;增强makeup编造;组成;弥补bringup抚养;养育;提及【背佳句】CanyougivemeacallonFridaytosetupatimeforthetrip?你可以在周五给我打个电话以便安排旅行的时间吗?
练出神用“动词+up”短语的适当形式填空①CouldyoudomeafavourandSamfromschooltoday?②Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbyhismother.③EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingandjokes.写精彩完成句子·背诵④现在这家公司计划在欧洲的其他地方开分店。NowthiscompanyplanstoelsewhereinEurope.pickupbroughtupmakingupsetupbranches
重点句式1.that引导同位语从句【教材原句】Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家,许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
【归纳拓展】句中that引导同位语从句,解释说明words的内容。同位语从句用来说明其所修饰的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice,demand,doubt,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,problem,promise,question,request,suggestion,truth,wish,word等。【背佳句】MoreandmorepeoplehavecometoseethefactthatChinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.越来越多的人看到这样一个事实:中国已经不再是过去的中国了。
练出神单句语法填空①Thereisnodoubthisplansoundsverygood.②Alongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmenextmonth.写精彩完成句子·背诵③我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。wewillfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.thatthatThereisnopossibilitythat
【名师点津】同位语从句和定语从句的区别:that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyou?(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)
2.“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句【教材原句】Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.几个月后,瑞安筹到了2000美元。有了这笔钱,乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
【归纳拓展】句中withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选择依据为:(1)根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯(即固定短语);(2)根据与先行词搭配的具体意义;(3)根据句子的意思;(4)表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时,通常用介词of。【背佳句】Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,ofwhichfivearemine.书架上总共有11本书,其中有5本是我的。
练出神单句语法填空①Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,whichhewentontoPekingUniversity.②Myheadteacherhastaughtmealot,whichIamgrateful.③LiMing,whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.写精彩完成句子·背诵④更重要的是,在这场音乐会中会有很多志同道合的人,在这里你不仅可以结交新朋友,还可以通过和他们分享想法来提高自己。What’smore,therewillbealotoflike-mindedpeopleinthisconcert,butalsocanimproveyourselfbysharingideaswiththem.afterforwithinwhichyounotonlywillmakenewfriends
本课结束
微信/支付宝扫码支付