初中英语知识点总结

初中英语知识点总结1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2 （比较级 and 比较级）   表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy   小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb   赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样  a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world     整个 世界7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers   学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as    一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助   向…要…（直接接想要的东西）11 ask sb for sth    向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth   询问某人某事           ask sb not to do   叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of      在……岁时14 at the beginning of ……        ……的起初；……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间    最后；尽头；末尾16 at this time of year    在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句     感觉/对什么有信心，自信18 be + doing   表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）   能够……21 be afraid to do (of sth    恐惧，害怕……22 be allowed to do   被允许做什么23 be angry with sb   生某人的气24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth    为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as   和什么一样    eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be away from  远离28 be away from   从……离开29 be bad for   对什么有害30 be born   出生于31 be busy doing sth   忙于做什么事       be busy with sth    忙于……32 be careful   当心；小心33 be different from……   和什么不一样34 be famous for   以……著名35 be friendly to sb    对某人友好36 be from = come from   来自37 be full of 装满……的    be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water    the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原）    将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in      在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for   对什么有好处42 be happy to do      很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb   对某人有好处44 be in good health       身体健康45 be in trouble    处于困难中46 be interested in    对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到    eg: Be late for class    上课迟到48 be like   像……     eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at      生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of   由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to   参观54 be popular with sb    受某人欢迎55 be quiet   安静56 be short for   表**的缩写    eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed   生病在床58 be sorry to do sth      be sorry for sb       eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that60 be sorry to trouble sb61 be strict in doing   sth   严于做某事62 be strict with sb    对某人要求严格63 be strict with sb in sth     某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do    被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心67 be sure of sth   对做某事有信心68 be sure that sth   对做某事有信心69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing  害怕……71 be terrified to do sth      害怕做某事72 be the same as …     和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 My father is used to getting up early  我爸爸习惯早74 be worth doing   值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子  because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache   He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事   start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么78 between…and…   两者之间79 borrow sth from sb   向……借……     lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth    借给……什么东西80 both = the same(as) = not different(from)   表相同81 bother   打扰    bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站82 by the end of    到……为止83 call sb sth   eg : We call him old wang85 catch up with sb   赶上某人86 chat with sb   和某人闲谈      take sb to + 地点    带某人去某地87 come in   进88 come over to    过来89 come up with   提出    eg: Can you come up with a good idea   你能想出一个好办法吗？90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing   考虑做什么   eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou   为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to   随着……跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of    做某方面的调查95 do better in    在……方面做得更好96 do wrong   做错97 Don't forget to do sth   不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词     不要介意……99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books   每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing101 enjoy +doing喜欢102 escape from 从……逃跑103 expect to do sth   期待做某事104 fall down   摔下来 fall off   从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth  爱上什么106 far from   离某地远107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting109 finish 完成+doing（名词）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb   适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了      forget doing   做了而又忘了112 from…to…   从某某到某某     eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut   我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out   汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb    与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备118 get sb in to trouble    给某人带来麻烦120 get…from… 从某处得到某物121 give a talk   做报告122 give sth to sb  give sb sth    给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼    go swimming 游泳124 go on to do   去做下一件事  go on doing   继续做这件事125 go out away from远离       go out of  从….离开126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to   好方法128 hate to do   讨厌没做过的事      hate doing     讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb     举办谁的晚会130 have a talk    听报告    谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时132 have been to …(   地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方）   去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing   玩得高兴134 have sth to do   有什么事要做135 have to do sth    必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth   做什么事情有麻烦137 have…time +doing138 have…(时间)…off    放……假    139 hear sb +do/doing   听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot     很大用处141 help sb with sth \\one's sth   帮助某人某事（某方面）   help sb (to) do sth   帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth    希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like   = what do you think of      你对什么的看法145 if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party   我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time   tomorrow morning   他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句eg:   I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain   假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know   假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year   如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think   某人认为148 in some ways     在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv)    最后150 in the north of…   什么在什么的北方    （north 北      sowth 南    west 西    east 东 ）151 in the sun   在太阳下152 increase   增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3%       他们把石油价增加了3%153 instead of   +（名 ） 代替eg:   I'd like an apple instead of a pear   我想要苹果，而不要梨子154 introduce sb to sb   介绍某人给某人    introduce oneself   自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth   邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth     做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework      It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth       对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb    对于某人来说怎么样       It's   +adj   of   sb    对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说） 做某事怎么样           It's +adj of sb to do sth   对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth   对……   来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要    eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth      It's time for sth    到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class        It's time for class    该去上课了164 join = take part in    参加165 just now   刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语      让什么保持什么样？167 keep out     不让 …… 进入168 keep sb adj   让……保持……   keep healthy   保持健康169 key to +名词     表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to…      anser   to …               key    可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at… 取笑……172 learn by oneslfe   自学173 learn from sb   向某人学习174 learn to do sth    学做某事175 let sb do sth   让某人做某事176 Let sb down   让某人失望   eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down   我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方    居住在某地179 look after = take care of    照顾 照看180 lose one's way      谁 迷 路181 make a decision to do sth      决定做某事182 make friends with sb    和谁成为朋友     eg :   I want to make friends with you183 make it early   把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself   让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n   使什么成为什么     eg   : I made her my step moller       I made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj    使某人（某物）怎么样    eg :   You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj     使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth   让某人做某事189 make up       be made up of (被动语态）由……组成190 make…difference   to…191 mind sb to do      mind one's doing   介意……做什么192 most +名         most of +代193 much too +形容词194 must be   一定195 need +名词196 need sb do sth      需要某人做某事197 need to do (实义动词）     need do (情态动词）198 no /neithr of hate to do           no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more     再也不……    eg: He didn't cry any more201 not… (形 、副）at all       eg: He's not tall at all     she doesn't junp far at all202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either    表否定，也不   eg : I don't japanse either    I don't have sister, either     我也没有姐姐204 not…until        直到……才……205 offer / provide sb with sth   给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb    提供什么东西给某人   eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you    我给你提供水207 on one's way to…   在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand    一方面        on the other hand     另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone    用电话交谈210 on time 准时    in time   及时211 one day ＝some day ＝someday     一天，有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another   一个到另一个214 over and over agin    一遍又一遍的     eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job    兼职工作      fall-time job   全职工作216 pay for…   付……钱            pay the bill   开钱   ，付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing      练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth   相对……更喜欢……        eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer sb not to do sth   更愿意…    eg: I prefer her not to come   我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth   装着去做什么   pretend that   从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard   这两个骗子装着努力工作224 rather…than   宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher   我愿肯当医生，也不当老师225 regard…as     把……当作……  I regard you as my friend    我把你当作我的朋友226 remid sb about sth   提醒某人什么事    remid sb to do sth   提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook    他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb   还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself    对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth   花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb    花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth    花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is      sb and sb +are235 see sb do    看见某人做过某事      see sb doing     看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj   显得怎么样     eg :   You seem to be tired        You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth    送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239 shock 使……震惊   eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock   啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240 show sb sth   向某人展示某物241 show sb sth = show sth to sb   拿什么东西给某人看242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物243 some…others…    一些……另一些……244 start…with…   从……开始            begin…with…   从……开始245 stay away from   远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo   当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth   阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing     阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名      这样   ，这种251 suit sb   适合某人252 surprise sb    使某人惊奇       to one's surprise   令某人惊奇253 take classes   上课254 take sb to 把某人带去    eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk   散步256 ①talk to 对谁说    ② talk with  和谁说                                        ③ talk of    谈到         ④ talk   about   谈论关于……257 talk with sb   和某人说话258 teach sb sth     教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事   tell sb that 丛句    tell sb not to do sth262 tell sb 〔not〕  to do sth    告诉某人做什么263 tell…from…  区别264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as   as…(adj adv)…as   相同267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法                      the way to +地方   去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English   Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…（地点）   到哪的270 transalte ……into……   把什么翻译成什么   eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人*大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well273 try to do sth   想干什么，但没成功    try doing sth   想干什么，已经做过了274 try…试衣服 have a try    试一下275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up   开大276 turn off 关上 ←→   turn on 打开 open   拆开277 upside down   倒着278 visit to…   参观某个地方279 wait for sb    等某人【比较since和for 】Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如： I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。 注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。 I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。） I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。） 注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。 1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.【 since的四种用法】1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。 2） since +一段时间+ ago。例如： I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。 3） since +从句。例如： Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。 4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如： It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。【 延续动词与瞬间动词】1） 用于完成时的区别 延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如： He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果） I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历） 2） 用于till / until从句的差异 延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如： He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。 典型例题 2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。 词汇1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。in my bag 在我的书包里in our class 在我们班上2). on 表示"在……上"。例如： on the wall 在墙上3). under表示"在……下"。例如：under the tree 在树下4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如：behind the door 在门后5). near表示"在……附近"。例如 near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近6). at表示"在……处"。例如：at school 在学校7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a map of China 一张中国地图2. 冠词 a / an / the:冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。3.some和any(1)①在肯定句中用some.②在疑问句和否定句中用any⑵记住它们的特殊用法。①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如：Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？②any也可用于肯定句中，表示"任何的"。例如：Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。4.family①family看作为一个整体时，意思是"家庭"，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。②Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋"，侧重居住的建筑本身。5. little的用法little常用来修饰有生命的名词。*但little还可表示否定意义，意为"少的"，修饰不可数名词。There is little time. 几乎没时间了。