初中英语必考语法知识点：宾语从句

初中英语必考语法知识点：宾语从句1. 宾语从句的含义在整个句子中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。（“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语，同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。）2. 宾语从句的分类（1）动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。例如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。（2）介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。例如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。（3）形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。例如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。3. 引导名词性从句的连接词（1）that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分（2）whether/if：表示是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。（3）连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语）连接副词：where, when, how, why（在宾语从句中做状语）The small children don't knowwhat is in their stockings．（what 在宾语从句中做主语）这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在宾语从句中做原因状语）你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗？4. 在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点（1）时态①当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。②当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说过地球绕着太阳转。（2）语序任何从句都使用陈述句语序，宾语从句当然也不例外。