八年级英语上册短语及语法精讲：Unit 2

八年级英语上册短语及语法精讲：Unit 2Unit 2短语：How often do you exercise?（10）use the Internet 上网（1）help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 （2）go shopping （3）on weekends （4）how often （5）hardly ever （6）once a week （7）twice a month 去买东西 在周末 多少次 几乎从不 一星期一次 一个月两次（11）be free＝be not busy=have time 有空 （12）have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈 和钢琴课 （13）swing dance （14）play tennis （15）stay up late （16）go to sleep （17）go to bed 摇摆舞 打乒乓球 熬夜到很晚 睡觉 上床睡觉（8）go to the movies 去看电影 （9）every day 每天（18）at least （19）go to bed early （20）play sports （21）be good for至少，不少于，起码 上床睡觉早 做运动 对….有好处（28）more than （29）old habits lie hard （30）less than （31）junk food多于 旧习难改少于 垃圾食品（22）be good at doing sth （23）go camping擅长做某事去野营（32）take care of sb 照料某人 （33）look after sb 照顾某人（24）in one?s free time 在某人的业余时间里 （25）the most popular （26）such as （27）go to the dentist 最受欢迎的 例如….像….这样 看牙科医生（34）have to do sth 必须做某事 （35）get in… （36）be late for 进入… 迟到语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise. （2）What do they do on weekends? （3）What does she do on weekends? （4）How often do you go to the movies? （5）How often does he watch TV? （6）Do you go shopping? They often help my mother with housework. She sometimes goes shopping. I go to the movies maybe once a month. He hardly ever watches TV. No, I never go shopping.习惯用法：1. help sb. with sth＝have sb do sth 2. How about doing…? 3. want sb. to do sth. 4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 7. spend time with sb. 8. ask sb. about sth. 9. by doing sth. 10. What?s your favorite…..? 11 start doing sth. 12. the best way to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 .怎么样？/ ….好不好？ 想让某人做某事 ….有多少….. …发现… 做某事是….的 和某人一起度过时光 向某人询问某事 通过做某事 你最喜欢的……是什么？ 开始做某事 做某事的最好方式13.full of 14.what about doing sth15.not….at all 一点儿也不满的 ？ 做某事怎么样？I don`t like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。词语辨析：1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. I?ll be free next week. = I?ll have time next week. 2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引 导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didn?t come to the party? = Why didn?t Tom come to the party? 3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Don?t stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story. 4. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty. find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door. 6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词 来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. time passed. 7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词 组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years. Thirty percent of8. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。 I?m afraid we can?t come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。 Some children are afraid of the dark. Don?t be afraid of asking question.I?m afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： I?m afraid I have to go now. 9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别： sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句 中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问 词 when.如： I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ------When will you go to Shanghai next week? some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times. I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story? some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“ 一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. 如： I „ll stay here for some time. -----How long will you stay here? 10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。 How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler? how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? It?s about 2 kilometers.