人教版英语教材高一重难点总结Unit 1 Good Friends一、语法Direct and Indirect Speech(1)直接引语和间接引语1.直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。eg: "I broke your CD player."(一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said,"I have lost a book."(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book.Mum said,"I’ll go to see a friend."(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said she would go to see a friend.He said,"We hadn't finished our homework."(过去完成时保留原有的时态)He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意:直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。2.在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:Mary said,"My brother is an engineer."Mary said her brother was and engineer.3.直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:He said,"Can you run, Mike?"He asked Mike whether/if he could run.4.直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth”句型。如:"Pass me the water, please."said he.He asked him to pass her the water.5.直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:She said,"Let’s go to the cinema."She suggested going to the cinema.(或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.)二、聚焦高频考点1.倒装句型:前句为肯定句,后句用so+谓语+主语,意为“某人也……”。如:She likes dogs. So do I.前句为否定句,后句用neither/nor+谓语+主语,意为“某人也不……”。如:The girl has no brothers or sisters. Neither/Nor have I.2.lonely, alone和lonealone=by oneself, without otherslonely=unhappy because one is always away from his family or friends,“孤独地”“寂寞的”,暗示主观上的“孤独”“寂寞”,渴望有伴。也可以表示“地方的荒凉”。lone也有“孤独的,孤零零的一个”,作定语。eg: I'm alone but I'm not lonely.I can see only one lone star in the cloudy sky.leave sth alone表示“不去理会,不要去管某事”。如:Leave me alone!别理我!Let alone“更不用说”。如:He can't speak Japanese, let alone write it.作形容词时,alone不能与very连用, 而与much连用,即说much alone或very much alone或all alone;而lonely可与very连用:very lonely.3.treat sb. as ...把某人当作……来对待The old man treated the orphan as his own son.“把某人看作……”有以下几种说法:regard sb as ...=consider sb as ...=think of sb as ...“把……误当作……”: take ... for ...如:People sometimes take a rope for a snake.4.care about表示“关心,计较,在乎”,一般用于否定句。如:I don't care about going to the cinema.care for表示“关心,照料,喜欢”,如:She cared more for new clothes than for anything else.5.make friends with sb.和……人交朋友。如:We have made a lot of friends with the different people all over the world.6.hunt for“竭力寻找”,在很多情况下,look for与search for或hunt for互换。如:I hunted for the missing book everywhere.be after表示“搜寻”“寻找”的状态,不指具体的动作。如:That's what I am after.7.such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,有时可与like互换,但such as用于列举时可分开使用。而for example一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首句中或句末。My brother likes collecting different kinds of things, such as coins, books.三、常用词语和句型1.be into sth.对……感兴趣,非常喜欢……(非正式英语)eg: I'm not into classical music.2.be fond of酷爱,非常喜欢,与enjoy相近,比like感情强。eg: In his life, he is fond of English.3.boring主语为物,如:The book is boring.bored主语为人,如:He is bored.4.survive幸存;活下来;残存;继续存在。He survived the traffic accident.Only three hundred houses survived the earthquake in that city.survive作不及物动词,表示“残存;留传”的意思。The custom still survives in that small village.四、日常交际用语Hi there. I'm Joe.I enjoy singing.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.I'm fond of dancing.I'm (not) sure that ...Perhaps ...He/She thinks that ... is boring/terrible.