1.计算:1991+199.1+19.91+1.991.
解析:1991+199.1+19.91+1.991 =1991+9+199.1+0.9+19.91+0.09+1.991+0.009-(9+0.9+0.09+0.009) =2000+200+20+2-9.999 =2222-10+0.001 =2212.001
2.计算:7142.85÷3.7÷2.7×1.7×0.7.
解析:7142.85÷3.7÷2.7×1.7×0.7 =7142.85÷37÷27×17×7 =7142.85×7÷999×17 =49999.95÷999×17 =50.05×17 =850.85
3.光的速度是每秒30万千米,太阳离地球1亿5千万千米.问:光从太阳到地球要用几分钟?(答案保留一位小数.)
解析:150000000÷300000÷60=150÷3÷6=50÷6≈8.33≈8.3(分) 光从太阳到地球要用约8.3分钟。
4.已知105.5+[(40+□÷2.3) ×0.5-1.53] ÷(53.6÷26.8×0.125)=187.5,那么□所代表的数是多少? 解析:105.5+[(40+□÷2.3) ×0.5-1.53] ÷(53.6÷26.8×0.125) =105.5+(20+□÷4.6-1.53)÷(2×26.8÷26.8×0.125) =105.5+(18.47+□÷4.6) ÷0.25 =105.5+18.47÷0.25+□÷4.6÷0.25 =105.5+73.88+□÷1.15 因为105.5+73.88+□÷1.15=187.5 所以□=(187.5-105.5-73.88) ×1.15=8.12×1.15=8.12+0.812+0.406=9.338 答:□=9.338
5.22.5-(□×32-24×□) ÷3.2=10 在上面算式的两个方框中填入相同的数,使得等式成立。那么所填的数应是多少?
解析:22.5-(□×32-24×□) ÷3.2 =22.5-□×(32-24) ÷3.2 =22.5-□×8÷3.2 =22.5-□×2.5 因为22.5-□×2.5=10,所以□×2.5=22.5-10,□=(22.5-10) ÷2.5=5 答:所填的数应是5。
6.计算:0.1+0.3+0.5+0.7+0.9+0.11+0.13+0.15+0.17+0.19+0.21+…+0.99.
解析:0.1+0.3+0.5+0.7+0.9+0.11+0.13+0.15+0.17+0.19+0.21+…+0.99 =(0.1+0.9) ×5÷2+(0.11+0.99) ×45÷2 =2.5+24.75 =27.25
7.计算:37.5×21.5×0.112+35.5×12.5×0.112.
解析:37.5×21.5×0.112+35.5×12.5×0.112 =0.112×(37.5×21.5+35.5×12.5) =0.112×(12.5×3×21.5+35.5×12.5) =0.112×12.5×(3×21.5+35.5) =0.112×12.5×100 =1250×(0.1+0.01+0.002) =125+12.5+2.5 =140
8.计算:3.42×76.3+7.63×57.6+9.18×23.7.
解析:3.42×76.3+7.63×57.6+9.18×23.7 =7.63×(34.2+57.6)+9.18×23.7 =7.63×91.8+91.8×2.37 =(7.63+2.37) ×91.8 =10×91.8 =918
9.计算:(32.8×91-16.4×92-1.75×656) ÷(0.2×0.2).
解析:(32.8×91-16.4×92-1.75×656) ÷(0.2×0.2) =(16.4×2×91-16.4×92-16.4×40×1.75) ÷(0.2×0.2) =16.4×(182-92-70) ÷(0.2×0.2) =16.4×20÷0.2÷0.2 =82×100 =8200
10.计算:(2+3.15+5.87) ×(3.15+5.87+7.32)-(2+3.15+5.87+7.32) ×(3.15+5.87).
解析:(2+3.15+5.87) ×(3.15+5.87+7.32)-(2+3.15+5.87+7.32) ×(3.15+5.87) =(2+3.15+5.87) ×(3.15+5.87+7.32)-2×(3.15+5.87) -(3.15+5.87+7.32) ×(3.15+5.87) =(3.15+5.87+7.32) ×(2+3.15+5.87-3.15-5.87) -2×(3.15+5.87) =(3.15+5.87+7.32) ×2-2×(3.15+5.87) =(3.15+5.87) ×2+7.32 ×2-2×(3.15+5.87) =7.32×2 =14.64
11.求和式3+33+333+…+33…3(10个3)计算结果的万位数字.
解析:个位10个3相加,和为30,向十位进3; 十位9个3相加,和为27,加上个位的进位3得30,向百位进3; 百位8个3相加,和为24,加上十位的进位3得27,向千位进2; 千位7个3相加,和为21,加上百位的进位2得23,向万位进2; 万位6个3相加,和为18,加上千位的进位2得20,万位得数是0。 答:计算结果的万位数字是0。
12.计算:19+199+1999+…+199…9(1999个9).
解析:19+199+1999+…+199…9(1999个9) =(20-1)+(200-1)+(2000-1)+…+(200…0(1999个0)-1) =22…20(1999个2)-1999×1 =22…2(1996个2)0221
13.算式99…9(1992个9)×99…9(1992个9)+199…9(1992个9)的计算结果的末位有多少个零?
解析:99…9(1992个9)×99…9(1992个9)+199…9(1992个9) =99…9(1992个9)×(100…0-1)(1992个0)+199…9(1992个9) =99…9(1992个9) 0(1992个0) - 99…9(1992个9)+199…9(1992个9) =99…9(1992个9) 0(1992个0)+100…0(1992个0) =100…0(3984个0)
14.计算:33…3(10个3)×66…6(10个6).
解析:33…3(10个3)×66…6(10个6) =33…3(10个3)×3×22…2(10个2) =99…9(10个9)×22…2(10个2) =(100…0(10个0)-1) ×22…2(10个2) =22…2(10个2)00…0(10个0)-22…2(10个2) =22…2(9个2)177(9个7)8
15.求算式99…9(1994个9)×88…8(1994个8)÷66…6(1994个6)的计算结果的各位数字之和.
解析:99…9(1994个9)×88…8(1994个8)÷66…6(1994个6) =9×11…1(1994个1)×8×11…1(1994个1)÷6÷11…1(1994个1) =9×8÷6×11…1(1994个1) =12×11…1(1994个1) =(10+2)×11…1(1994个1) =11…1(1995个1)+22…2(1994个1) =13333…3(1993个1) 2 各位数字之和=1+1993×3+2=5982 答:计算结果的各位数字之和5982。