09年中考英语完形填空专题讲座

09中考完形填空专题讲座  ［复习要点］ 完形填空题是对学生英语语言知识与语言运用能力的一种测试。其考查的形式灵活，综合性较强，要求考生能综合运用所学的知识在特定的语境中进行合理的推理判断，并能准确地从四个备选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。 一、 完形填空题的特点 完形填空题能够较为准确地检查学生的各项知识水平和综合运用语言知识的能力。这种题型的主要考查内容为：①词语辨析、基本句型、基础语法；②固定搭配与习惯表达；③阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。近年来，完形填空题更侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。  完形填空题（cloze test）又叫“克漏字”测验。它有以下两大特点和规律： 第一，一篇完形填空题是一个有机的整体。尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。考生解题时必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so, but, however, then, therefore, also等。   第二，完形填空题选材广泛。它涉及社会、政治、经济；文化、教育、历史、地理、科普知识、人物故事等。因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通览全文，了解文章概貌与各段落的中心意思，把握文章主旨脉络，掌握文章作者的意图。 在平时学习中，要注意从以下几个方面训练和提高。 ⑴ 捕捉信息点，弄清逻辑关系： 完形填空题短文第一句话通常不设空，这给学生提供了一个语境，使学生能掌握短文的一些初始信息，例如：文章的大概内容，动作发生的基本时间，短文叙述的切入点等。这些基本信息给学生提供一个语境，使学生解题时能够依境而行。但这只是解答完形填空题的最基本的信息，考生还必须依据上下文提供的信息点（如时间、人物、地点、事件、背景等）对文章的脉络有针对性地理解和判断，弄清段落前后的逻辑关系，才能使短文内容沿着合乎逻辑的顺序发展，才能使局部和全局关系一致。 ⑵ 明确词义辨析，考虑固定搭配： 不熟悉词语的用法和区别，尤其是同义词语的用法比较，对固定搭配不熟练或记忆不准，都会造成很大的阅读障碍和错误选择，因而考生平时学习时要注重词义辨析，牢固掌握固定搭配。只有这样，考试时才能应付自如。 ⑶ 运用语法知识，具备各方面知识： 在分析完形填空题所给选项时，仅考虑符合短文大意和固定搭配是不够的。有些题中还须考虑语法结构是否正确，知识内容是否正确等。有些答案不能直接从短文中找到，而是需要通读全文，根据全文大意，考虑各方面的知识来选择，这就要求考生在学习中要广泛涉及各科知识，做一个学习上的有心人。 ⑷ 检查核对，确保无误： 选好所有答案后，还需要核对检查。将所选答案一一放在短文中的空白处阅读，看看内容是否完整，语句是否通顺，语法是否有误，是否符合逻辑。有些错误只能在通读全文、考生站在整体的高度上才能发现。只有认真审核，才能提高答题的准确度。 二、完形填空题的设空规律 为了对完形填空题的各种类型有一个深入的了解，探索一下该题型的设空规律是有必要的。 ⑴ 上下文直接信息题： 本类题的设置特点是，四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。如下列“考题1”中的第7、8、9小题。 ⑵ 词、句、文三结合理解题： 本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。如下列“考题1”中的第4、5小题。 ⑶ 词义辨析题： 本类题的设置特点是，各选项代入空中后该句的语法都是正确的，但是句子出现了几种不同的含义。在做这类题时，考生要认真比较各词之间的细微差别。如下列“考题1”中的第1、11、15小题。 ⑷ 语法知识和固定短语考查题： 考生在解答本类题时要注意句子的语法结构要正确：如时态、语态等；对固定短语要注意其结构的完整性，如下列“考题1”中的第10小题。 ⑸ 行文逻辑和全文中心把握题： 本类题的设空特点是：把各选项中的对象代入空格中可导致上下文之间出现因果关系、递进关系、转折关系、条件关系等。做本类题时，考生要注意全文的主线或脉络，仔细分析上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而准确地选出正确答案。如下列“考题1”中的第2、13小题。 三、做题中的推测手段 ⑴ 根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测： 注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合词义、句意，又符合上下文语境，合理的正确答案。 ⑵ 根据语篇标志进行推测： 语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore, so, but等，表示话题改变的by the way等。在做完形填空题时，充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。 ⑶ 根据文化背景知识进行推测： 完形填空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理知识；从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断正确答案。 ⑷ 根据常识进行判断： 中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。 ⑸ 根据语法知识进行推测： 对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速解决问题。 ⑹ 运用词汇知识推测答案： 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的语境，确定词的意义。 1．完形填空：阅读下面短文，选出最佳答案： “Ring… ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to   1   the call. It was his aunt. “Sam,   2   are you still at home?” she asked surprisingly. Sam 1ooked at the clock. It was already 7:30 a. m. “Oh, my goodness! There’s an important   3   today,” Sam shouted out. He hurried to wash his face and get   4  . When he was going to leave the house, he  5   that he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the   6   and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to go to school as   7   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were   8   writing. “Why are you so   9  ?” asked the teacher . “I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking   10  . “It was my clock.. It   11    to wake me up this morning and ....” “Don't say anything about it,” his teacher   12   him. “Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and walked to his   13   quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not   14   in a right way. He put his head on the desk and said, “What a   15   day it has been for me!” 1. A. find              B. give                C. put                 D. answer 2. A. why              B. how                C. when                D. where 3. A. talk               B. party               C. exam                D. meeting 4. A. tired              B. lost                C. dressed             D. rested 5. A. forgot             B. remembered         C. understood           D. thought 6. A. classroom         B. desk                C. bus                 D. door 7. A. carefully           B. quietly               C. early                D. fast 8. A. worried           B. free                 C. busy                     D. careful 9. A. 1ate              B. ill                  C. lonely                D. ready 10. A. down           B. up                 C. out                 D. back 11. A. happened        B. stopped                C. failed             D. pointed 12. A. helped           B. knew                     C. followed          D. stopped 13. A. room              B. table                   C. seat                 D. teacher 14. A. think                B. sit                       C. turn              D. speak 15. A. short               B. bad                     C. happy            D. usual 分析  这是一篇关于一个学生考试迟到的事。短文一开始就是电话铃声，Sam应该起来接电话，所以第l空中应选D，这四个动词中只有answer能表示“接电话”这个含义。第2空中要选择一个副词，句中已含有still at home等状语，故不能选择when，where, how表示方式，如用在本句中则句意不通，所以选A。第3空，从后文知，Sam是到学校去，故应选C。对于学生来说，exam是学生最可能要做的事，并且后文说到其他学生在writing。第4空，get dressed意为“穿衣服”，要注意这个短语的完整性。第5空，从前一句中的动词leave以及后文中的一系列动作可知，本空中应填remembered才符合逻辑，其他词不能使文章通顺。第6空要注意分析备选项的意义；从后文he had not put away his books可知选B最合适，因书应该是放在课桌上。第7空中应填fast，因Sam 要迟到了。第8空中要注意在形容词后接writing，故选busy。第9空，从上文知，Sam 已经迟到了，故老师应问他迟到的原因，选A。第10空表明Sam的态度，他害怕抬头看老师，故选up。第11空，Sam所陈述的理由是闹钟未响，故填failed。第12空，从上文Sam的话没说完知道这时老师打断了他的话，故选stopped。第13空，Sam 在教室里走去的当然是seat。第14空，本空说明Sam 思维混乱，不能思考，选A。第15空，综合上文可知Sam 感到这一天太糟糕，故选B 。 四、完形填空专项练习： （1）     A man and his wife had a dog to keep their house. When they went out, they always left the dog inside the house.     One evening they wanted   1   to the cinema,   2   they left the dog in the house and locked the door and their   3  . They   4   their car. When the film finished, they came back home. They opened the gate and put the car   5  . But when they came to the front door, they found that part of the glass   6   the door was broken. The door was unlocked and   7  . A robber! They went in and quickly looked in all the rooms to see   8   things the robber had taken. But everything was in the   9   place and nothing at all 10  .    The dog   11   in the sitting room on the floor. The lady was   12   the dog. “Why didn’t you keep the house?” she said. The dog was   13   to see its owners. It began to wag its tail (摇尾巴) and then it went to a corner of the room and picked up something in its mouth. It went to the lady and   14   the thing at her feet. When the lady went to pick it up, she gave a scream (尖叫). Can you guess what the dog’s present was? It was … a … man’s   15  ! (1) A. go               B. to go           C. going                          D. gone (2) A. so                 B. but                     C. then                     D. because (3) A. garden’s gate     B. gardens’ gate   C. gardens gate         D. garden gate (4) A. got off                   B. got on        C. got into             D. went on (5) A. up                B. down         C. away               D. into (6) A. at              B. in            C. on                    D. to (7) A. half-open         B. half-opens     C. half-opened        D. half-opening (8) A. the             B. all            C. that                        D. what (9) A. right           B. left           C. wrong                D. just (10) A. to miss        B. to be missing    C. was missed                D. was missing (11) A. was slept      B. felt asleep      C. was sleeping         D. fell sleeping (12) A. afraid of       B. angry with     C. worried about      D. surprised at (13) A. sad             B. pleased        C. quick             D. clever (14) A. pulled           B. threw          C. dropped            D. took (15) A. finger           B. fingers         C. heart            D. teeth （2）     It was almost 9:00 p. m. when Mia Jameson left her office to go home. It was   1  . She started her car and she   2   down the dark road that led to her house in the country. She   3   the radio and sang songs while she was driving. The heater (暖气机) wasn’t working, and singing helped to keep her   4  .     The snow was heavy. Then Mia went across a small   5  . The bridge was covered with ice and the car went out of control (失去控制). Mia hit her head on the steering wheel and lost consciousness (知觉).     When she   6  , her head was bleeding (流血), and she was shaking from the cold. She didn’t know   7   she was. Mia opened the car door and looked around. She was under the bridge, and her car was sitting on the   8   river! She felt very   9  . She knew the ice wouldn’t   10   her car for very long. She   11   to walk up the hill several times, but she kept falling in the snow. Mia tried   12   time. She fell again, but this time she couldn’t get up. She knew that   13   could see her car under the bridge. She was lying in the snow, and she couldn’t   14  . Mia closed her eyes and   15   die.     Then she heard a voice. Mia opened her eyes. There was an old man standing over her. She stood up and walked up with the help of the old man. “That’s my truck,” said the old man. “Get in and I’ll take you home.” (1) A. raining             B. cool                  C. snowing              D. late (2) A. ran            B. drove              C. walked                   D. rode (3) A. turned on        B. turned over             C. turned off            D. turned down (4) A. happy          B. not alone            C. warm               D. not lonely (5) A. bridge            B. village              C. town               D. farm (6) A. got up          B. came back        C. looked up            D. woke up (7) A. how                     B. what                C. why               D. where (8) A. deep             B. frozen            C. wide               D. cold (9) A. angry                 B. sad                      C. surprised           D. afraid (10) A. keep          B. pull                 C. take                D. hold (11) A. tried             B. wanted             C. would like            D. seemed (12) A. one             B. one more            C. other                D. the other (13) A. someone         B. anyone              C. everyone            D. no one (14) A. feel           B. hear                C. move                       D. go (15) A. waited to      B. had to                C. was able to            D. decided to （3）     I am sitting in an empty football field after my last high school football game that finished a few hours ago. I’m the mid-field player on my team. But in fact that’s not   1   now. I was the mid-field player because, as I said, this was my   2   game. That’s a good way to end a high school football career (生涯), especially if you win, but even though you don’t, it’s   3   to leave at a high point.     I was eight when I first started playing football. My dad   4   football, and he used to practise with me at home – passing, catching, running. We used to practise almost every evening   5   it got too dark. He tried to teach me everything he knew about the   6  . “Just remember: don’t ever   7  .” “Stay in the game. Don’t lose your concentration (专注).” “Go out there and give 110 percent every time.” Well, that was a long time ago, but I still hear his words   8   in my ears.     I had a lot on my mind   9   the game today. I don’t like things to end, I guess, and this was the last game. I was talking to myself and warning myself about what to do and not to do. I didn’t sleep at all   10  , and when the sun came up this morning, I reached the point where   11   just wanted it all to be over, finished, done. But then when the game started, my mind became   12  . I just lived in this game, this moment. I didn’t hear the crowd, I didn’t feel the cold or the pain, I never felt tired. I just kept my eyes on the   13  , and it was just me and the ball and, inside, a soft, white light   14   me the way to the goal. It was a beautiful, empty feeling.     It’s all over now, and it’s really getting cold here. It’s starting to snow. The sun’s almost gone, and I can   15   see the goal. Now it’s dark and I’m sitting here all alone. Well, I guess it’s time to say good-bye and move on. (1) A. true              B. wrong               C. strange             D. clear (2) A. first            B. last               C. worst               D. favorite (3) A. good                     B. bad                 C. lucky                 D. painful (4) A. needed           B. hated                  C. missed             D. loved (5) A. until                B. when                 C. unless               D. although (6) A. football           B. game               C. goal                  D. score (7) A. grow up                  B. catch up             C. give up               D. hurry up (8) A. ringing                B. saying               C. falling               D. coming (9) A. from                     B. before                  C. through             D. after (10) A. tonight          B. yesterday            C. today                D. last night (11) A. we             B. they               C. I                  D. he (12) A. empty                B. full                    C. rough              D. awake (13) A. way              B. field                    C. ball                 D. match (14) A. sending          B. teaching             C. pointing              D. showing (15) A. already         B. hardly               C. never               D. clearly （4） My wife and I spent a few weeks in London last year. We went there in autumn. We think it is the   ( 1)    season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good   (2)   there aren‘t too many    (3)    in October. We stayed in a small   (4)   in the West End. We   (5)   most of our sightseeing (观光) on foot. We went to look at the places which all travelers   (6)  . We went   (7)  and spent too much money. What we liked most was going to the   (8)  . We don’t have the chance to see such   (9)   plays at home. A lot of people say English   (10)   is very bad. We didn‘t think so. It is   (11)   that most of the restaurants are French, Italian or Chinese, but had some very   (12)   meals. In fact, we   (13)   our holiday so much that we have already decided to   (14)    there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas,   (15)  . I’m sure we‘ll need them sometimes. 1. A. busiest 　            B. working 　                  C. best 　　　             D. hottest 2. A. and 　　              B. or 　　　　            C. as 　　　　            D. so 3. A. players                 B. travellers 　             C. places 　　             D. things 4. A. station 　             B. hotel 　　                C. office 　　                     D. cinema 5. A. missed                 B. showed 　　           C. used 　　　            D. did 6. A. live 　　              B. stay 　　　             C. see 　　　                     D. work 7. A. shopping 　         B. fishing 　　             C. swimming 　           D. climbing 8. A. shops 　　          B. cinemas 　                  C. restaurants 　          D. theatres 9. A. well 　　　         B. wonderful                C. terrible 　　            D. sad 10. A. language 　        B. film 　　　             C. clothes 　　            D. food 11. A. impossible          B. true 　　　             C. important 　            D. necessary 12. A. tasty 　　          B. poor 　　　            C. fresh 　　　           D. expensive 13. A. spent 　　         B. enjoyed 　               C. paid 　　　             D. finished 14. A. live 　　　         B. eat 　　　               C. go 　　　　            D. spend 15. A. still 　　　         B. though 　　             C. already 　　            D. yet （5）     Jenny was English. She was a good girl __1__ she was often late for school. One morning she was late again. Mr. Black, her teacher, was angry with her when she came into the classroom. "I'll write to your father __2__ you aren't here on time tomorrow," he told her. Jenny didn't want him __3__ that because her parents __4__ very strict with her. The next day she got up very early and went to school without breakfast. She hurried to school. Just before she ___5___ the school gate, she stopped. She found a small bag ___6___ on the ground. She ___7___and she decided to give it to the headmaster. When she hurried into the classroom, Mr. Black was already ___8___ his lessons.     "Jenny White," he said as soon as he saw her, "I've told you not to come late, but you're late again."     "I'm sorry, sir," Jenny said. "I was late because I found a small..."     "I won't listen to any excuse," Mr. Black stopped her." Because you can't get here on time, I'll write to your father." Jenny could say no more. She sat down ___9___. She couldn't keep ___10___ her tears.     As soon as the bell rang, the door opened. Mr. Smith, the headmaster came in. He was holding a small bag in his hand. "Excuse me, Mr. Black, "he said. "Is this ___11___?" "Why, yes. It is mine, but I didn't know I lost it." Mr. Black was surprised.     "Jenny White found it just before school started. She gave it to me and asked me to __12__ __13__ had lost it." Mr. Smith said.     Mr. Black's face turned red. He looked __14__Jenny and said, "I'm sorry, Jenny. I take back __15__ I said." (    ) 1.A.but                    B. and                         C. or                           D. so (    ) 2.A.if                       B. because                   C. while                       D. how (    ) 3.A.do                      B. doing                       C. to do                       D. did (    ) 4.A.are                     B. is                            C. were                       D. was (    ) 5.A.got                    B. reached                   C. arrived                    D. get to (    ) 6.A.lying                  B. lie                           C. lay                          D. lain (    ) 7.A.picked it up               B. picked up it              C. pick it up                 D. to pick it up (    ) 8.A.begin                 B. began                      C. begun                      D. beginning (    ) 9.A.quiet                  B. quite                        C. quietly                     D. quitely (    ) 10.A.from                B. into                         C. out                          D. back (    ) 11.A.you                  B. yourself                   C. yours                             D. your (    ) 12.A.find                  B. find out                   C. look for                    D. get (    ) 13.A.who                 B. whose                     C. whom                     D. that (    ) 14.A.to                    B. for                           C. round                             D. at (    ) 15.A.that                  B. which                      C. how                         D. what （6）     From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying , but in the evenings and weekends they are free and ___1____ themselves. Some watch television or go to the movies, others ___2__ sports. This is decided by their own ____3_____.     There are many different ways to spend our___4___ time.     Almost everyone has some kind of __5___: it may be something from collecting stamps to __6__ model planes. Some hobbies are very___7____ , but others don’t cost anything at all. Some collections(收藏)are worth ___8_____ of money, others are valuable (有价值的)only to their owners.     I know a man who has a coin collection worth several ___9__ dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare(罕见的)fifty-cent piece which ___10__ him $250! He was very happy abut this collection and thought the price was all right. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects match boxes. He has almost 600 of them, but I wonder __11___ they are worth any money. However, ___12_____ my brother they are quite valuable.___13_____ makes him happier than to find a new match box for his collection.     That’s what a hobby means, I think. It is something we __14___ to do in our free time just for the __15__ of it. The value in dollars is not important, but the pleasure it gives us is. 1. A love                  B. work                  C. enjoy                 D. play 2. A. look like             B. take care of           C. think about           D. take part in 3. A. lives                 B. interests                C. jobs                  D. things 4. A. working             B. free                    C. own                   D. whole 5. A. hobby               B. thing                   C. job                   D. way 6. A. make               B. making                 C. makes                 D. made 7. A. interesting           B. exciting                C. cheap                 D. expensive 8. A. a little               B. a few                  C. a lot                  D. a number 9. A. thousand            B. thousands              C. thousands of              D. thousand of 10. A. paid               B. cost                   C. took                        D. spent 11. A. that               B. if                      C. what                   D. why 12. A. to                 B. on                     C. with                   D. in 13. A. Everything        B. Anything                C. Nothing                  D. Something 14. A. have               B. need                        C. refuse               D. like 15. A. money              B. work                 C. fun                   D. Time （7）     I started to love running at a young age. I loved to race my father and my sister around the backyard. I wished I could run in the Olympics and win lots of medals.     One day my mother saw 1_______ for a race in a newspaper. “Would you be interested in 2______ part in this race ? ”  she asked me, pointing to the advertisement.     “Yes, of course.” I answered.      I 3_______ the next few days practicing for my big race. My sister set up a table in the backyard so she could 4_______ me water and time me.      On the day of the race, just before the race , my 5_______ said to me , “ Don’t use up all your energy()at the beginning of the race. You need to have energy 6_______ you can run much faster at the end. ”     The race 7_______ . Following Dad’s words, I didn’t run as fast as I could. Then the other runners started passing me, which made me feel 8________ . I began to feel tired, and I started slowing down and breathing 9 _________ .     Just at that moment I heard, “ 10________, Kelly! You can do it ! Don’t give up . keep running!” Out of the comer of the corner of my eye I saw Dad running beside me around the outside or the track .     I took a11________ breath() and tried my best to go on running. I didn’t win the race. I came fifth, but I felt like a 12______. I had done my best, and I hadn’t given up.     Later, as I thought about the race, I felt thankful that my dad had 13________ left my side. He always encourages me when I 14________ giving up. He runs alongside me through my life. I’ll 15________ my dad’s words forever, “Never give up. You can be a winner, even if you lose.” 1. A. a story                  B. a report                    C. a piece of news    D. an advertisement 2. A. choosing               B. entering                    C. taking                      D. watching 3. A. spent                    B. cost                         C. paid                         D. took 4. A. buy                     B. carry                        C. fill                           D. offer 5. A. teacher                 B. mum                        C. dad                          D. sister 6. A. because                B. so                            C. since                        D. but 7. A. began                   B. finished                    C. reached                    D. stopped 8. A. proud                   B. happy                       C. nervous                    D. hopeful 9. A. easier                   B. harder                   C. shorter                         D. longer 10. A. Comedown         B. Come on                  C. Come out                 D. Come back 11. A. deep                   B. easy                         C. free                         D. lazy 12 A. player                  B. winner                         C. soldier                   D. runner 13. A. already                B. yet                           C. once                        D. never 14. A. look like              B. stop                         C. feel like                    D. enjoy 15. A. forget                 B. remember                 C. talk                          D. write (8)      A good dictionary is   1  important tool(工具). It will tell you  2  only what a word means but  3  how it   4  . A dictionary needs to be printed again about every ten years. Languages develop(发展)and a good dictionary must  5  these new changes.     A new English dictionary will only tell you  6  most people use the language today. It won’t  tell you what is right  7  wrong. It may tell you the right time to use a word. If only  8   people use a word, a dictionary will  9  tell you this or not list(编列) it.          10  dictionary will tell you many interesting facts. If you type(用打字机打)a word and the word is too long,   11  in your dictionary. All dictionaries show you  12  to break(拆开) a word. And they also show you how a word  13  .        Every dictionary, of course, tells you what a word means. But some words, like “get” or “take”, may have lots of meanings(意思). In some dictionaries, the main(主要的)meanings are often listed first. In  14  , the newest meanings are listed last. So before you use your dictionary, you should always  15  the front part. This part explains  16  .        Some dictionaries also show you where a word comes  17  . Do you know that the word “brand”(标记) comes from an old word? This old word means “to burn”. This is because   18  years ago people burned their names on tables or boats to show who  19  them. They also burned their own names on their farm animals  20  they would not be stolen.        Your dictionary also has a lot of other interesting facts in it. After you have learned to use a dictionary, it can become your best useful book. 1、A．a              B．an                  C．the                D．very 2、A．no             B．that               C．not               D．if 3、A．too            B．either              C．yet              D．also 4、A．uses                 B．is using             C．is used            D．used 5、A．to show              B．show              C．shows             D．be shown 6、A．how           B．what               C．why               D．if 7、A．and            B．or                      C．but               D．not 8、A．a little           B．many              C．a few               D．a lot of 9、A．neither          B．nor               C．both              D．either 10、A．Every          B．Some             C．All                 D．Many 11、A．look up it      B．look for it            C．look it up          D．look it out 12、A．when          B．where              C．why               D．which 13、A．speaks          B．is spoke            C．be spoken             D. is spoken 14、A．another        B．the other         C．others               D. other 15、A．see           B．look               C．watch             D. read 16、A．how use it     B．to how use it       C．how to use it        D．to how to use it 17、A．into             B．up                C. by                 D. from 18、A．hundreds of    B．hundred of          C. a hundred of       D. hundred 19、A．builds         B．makes              C. build               D. made 20、A．when         B．in order to       C. so that               D. before (9) Once there was a clever farmer. Though he was poor, he decided one day to take the king a roast goose（烤鹅）as a present. He had not had    1    to eat that day, and soon the    2    of the roast goose became too much for him as（当……时）he    3    it to the king, so he ate one of its legs.     When he came before the king and gave him the goose, the king    4    saw that it had only one leg.     Now, the king    5    was born with one bad leg, so he had never been able to    6    properly（正常地）. When he saw the goose with only one leg, he thought the farmer had   7  this to laugh at him. Of course he was very    8   . The farmer was told that if anybody laughed at the king, he would be    9    at once.     “Where is    10    leg of the goose?” the king asked.     “All the geese（goose的复数）in this    11    of the country have one leg only,” the farmer answered.     “Do you think I’m a fool（傻子）?” the king shouted.     “   12   ,” said the farmer, “if you look out of the window, you will see geese with one leg by the     13   .”     The king looked, and there the geese were    14    on one leg beside the water. The king at once told one of his men to    15    them with a big stick, and of course, they    16    their other legs and ran away.    “There,” said the king. “You were lying（说谎）. That    17    that the geese here have two legs, like all other    18    in the country.”     “But it doesn’t show anything,” answered the farmer, “if your men threw a big stick like that at me, I would grow two    19    legs myself to help me to run away    20   .” 1、A．less                     B．all                 C．little               D．much 2、A．head                   B．neck                  C．smell            D．temperature 3、A．returned               B．carried           C．sent               D．handed 4、A．at once                  B．at last               C．by then             D．on time 5、A．once                B．really              C．himself             D．yet 6、A．come                B．walk               C．see                 D．eat 7、A．kept                  B．done                C．made              D．found 8、A．sorry                  B．worried             C．sad                D．angry 9、A．helped                B．killed              C．saved              D．covered 10、A．other               B．another            C．that             D．the other 11、A．city                  B．village             C．farm              D．part 12、A．Certainly not           B．Of course               C．That’s nothing     D．Never mind 13、A．hole                B．forest              C．lake                D．house 14、A．swimming         B．resting             C．flying              D．lying 15、A．fill              B．lock                C．hit                D．keep 16、A．sent up             B．put down                C．did with            D．moved away 17、A．shows            B．talks                 C．sees              D．knows 18、A．geese                B．animals             C．legs                D．farmers 19、A．slower           B．faster               C．less                D．more 20、A．more slowly        B．more carefully       C．faster              D．Earlier （10）       Everyone needs friends. We all like to __1__ close to someone. __2__ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh ,and do things with. __3__, sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people __4__. But we would feel lonely if we _5__ had a friend.       No two people are __6__ . Friends __7__ don‘t get on well. That doesn’t mean __8___ they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up and become __9___ again. Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very __10___. We miss them very much, but we can __11__ them and write to them. It could be that we could even see them again. And we can __12____ new friends . It is surprising to find out _13___ we like new people when we get to know them.       There‘s more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don’t . Why ? It could be that they are _14___. Being happy helps you stay well . Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take _15___ care of yourself. ( )1. A. look　 　　　  B. watch　　 　　　   C. feel　　 　　　      D. see ( )2.A.It　　　 　　    B. He　　　 　　　    C. There　 　　　      D. Someone ( )3.A.Hardly　 　　    B. Nearly　　 　　　 C. Suddenly　 　　　        D. Certainly ( )4.A.alone　　 　　   B. away 　　　　　    C. all over　　             D. around ( )5.A.ever　　 　　    B. never　　 　　　   C. just　　　　           D. really ( )6.A.friendly　 　　   B. kind　　 　　　     C. just the same            D. quite different ( )7.A.always　 　　　       B. sometimes                      C. often　　　            D. usually ( )8.A.that　　 　　　 B. whether　　 　　    C. how　　 　            D. why ( )9.A.friendly　 　　   B. good　　　 　　     C. pleased　　　         D. friends ( )10.A.angry　 　　    B. sad　　　　            C. happy　　　           D. alone ( )11.A.call　　　　     B. ask　　　　            C. tell　　　　            D. talk with ( )12.A.look for　 　　       B. find　　　 　　　   C. make　　　            D. know ( )13.A.how often 　   B. how long　 　               C. how many　　               D. how much ( )14.A.happier　 　　 B. stronger　 　　　    C. kinder　　　           D. richer ( )15.A.less　　　　　 B. better　　 　　　    C. little　　　　          D. no (11) The famous director(导演) of a big and expensive film decided to film a beautiful sunset    1   the sea, so that people could see the man and woman players in front of   2   at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other. He   3   a group of men out one evening to film the sunset for him. The next morning he said to the men, " Have you   4     the sunset for me?" "No, sir," one man answered. " We are on the    5    coast (海岸线)here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise, but not a sunset." "But I want a sunset!" the director said    6   .  "Go to the airport(机场), take the next    7   to the west coast, and get one." But then one of them had an idea. "why don't we film a sunrise and then put it   8    the projector (放映机) backwards? Then it will   9    a sunset." "That's a   10    idea !" the director said. Then he    11     to the other men and said, " Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise." The group of men went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise. Then at nine o'clock they    12    it to the director. "Here it is, sir," they said, and showed it to him. He liked it very much. They all went into the studio(摄影棚). " All right," the director said, "now our players are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards through the projector so that we can    13    the 'sunset' behind them." The "sunset" began,    14     after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the men to stop. The birds in the film were flying backwards, and the waves(波浪) on the sea were    15     the beach(海滩). 1. a. from             b. in                       c. over                         d. off 2. a. them              b. it                        c. the sea                d. the director 3. a. called              b. found                          c. told                   d. sent 4. a. brought           b. chosen                         c. got                    d. made 5. a. east               b. west                           c. south                  d. north 6. a. worriedly          b. angrily                 c. friendly                 d. sadly 7. a. train              b. taxi                   c. ship                    d. flight 8. a. onto              b. inside                 c. through                d. under 9. a. feel like             b. look like               c. become                d. change 10. a. modern        b. strange                c. common               d. wonderful 11. a. listened          b. hurried                c. turned                 d. rushed 12. a. posted         b. took                  c. left                    d. moved 13. a. see             b. try                   c. push                   d. feel 14. a. and             b. but                   c. then                   d. so 15. a. coming up to     b. catching up with      c. going away from     d. getting close to  1    (1—5) BADCC  (6—10) CCDAD  (11—15) CBACA 2.    (1—5) CBACA  (6—10) DDBBD  (11—15) ABDCA 3.              (1—5) ABADA  (6—10) BCABD  (11—15) CACDB 4．   1-5CABBD 6-10CADBD 11-15BABCB 5．           1-5:AACCB 6-10:AADCD 11-15:CBADD 6．           CDBBA BDCAB BACDC 7．           （DCADC  BACBB  ABDCB） 8.    1--5BCDCB  6--10ABCDA  11--15CBDCD 16--20CDADC 9.              1--5DCBAC  6--10BBDBD  11--15DACBC 16--20BAADC 10.   1—5BADDB  6—10 CBADB  11-15 ACDAB 11.   1—5 CBDCA  6—10 B.D.C.B.D  11—15 C.B.A.BC   完形填空答题卷 班级：______姓名：__________学号：______ 1 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 2 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 3 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 4 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 5 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 6 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 7 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                   8 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 答案                 题号 17 18 19 20   答案         9 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 答案                 题号 17 18 19 20   答案         10 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案                 11 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案                 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15   答案