透析中考英语语法非谓语动词考点（1）

透析中考英语语法非谓语动词考点 【非谓语动词命题趋势 】 根据对非谓语动词部分全国各省、市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为： 1．  it作形式主语、宾语的用法 2．  感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法； 3．  动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用 4．  一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to，但变为被动语态时就要带to； 5．  有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。 【考点诠释】 一、考查非谓语动词用作主语 不定式或动名词用作主语，而分词不能担任句子中的主语。 【考例】It's very nice           pictures for me. [天津] A. of you to draw              B. for you to draw              C. for you drawing              D. of you drawing [答案]：A。[解析]考查It's+形容词+of/for  sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语，to do是真正的主语，当形容词是表示品质意思时，应该用of sb．，其他形容词用for sb．，故此题答案为A。 二、考查非谓语动词用作宾语www.zk5u.co 【考例】一It's a bit cold Would you mind my ______all the windows? 一Do as you like，please．[07淄博市] A．close                   B will close                       C．closing                       D．to close    [答案]C [解析]动词mind意为“介意”，后跟动词时，应使用ing形式。 Mary and I enjoy ____________ badminton[07黔岭东南州] A．to play                        B playing                   C．played [答案]B[解析] enjoy后跟动词的ing形式作宾语，即：enjoy doing something，意为“喜欢(做)某事”。 --So hot in the classroom．Would you mind ___the windows?     ——0K．I'll do it right now．[黄冈市] A． not closing                B not opening             C closing                   D．opening [答案]D[解析] mind是中考的重点考查词汇，其后跟v—ing表示“介意……”。  ---Mr. Wang，I have trouble _______the text．www.zk5u.co 一Remember ____it three times at least．[威海市] A．to understand；reading                                      B understanding；reading C understanding；to read                                 D．to understand；to read at night．  [答案]C [解析]have trouble doing something意为“做某事有困难”，所以答案在B与C中。remember to do something意为“记得(去)做某事”，remember doing something意为“记得做过某事”，由对话的语境可知，前者正确。 --How are you feeling here? --It's quite hot. I don't know          to go or stay.  [武汉] A. how                     B. when                     C. whether                       D. where [答案]：C。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道是走还是留下来。”故选C。 Many people think it's very important          us         learn English well. [贵阳] A. for, to                  B. to, to                  C. with, for [答案]：A。[解析]考查“主语+feel/think/ make/ find +it +adj. +for  sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语，”故此题答案为A。 The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide__________.[河北] A. what to eat               B. how to eat                C. where to eat                    D. when to eat [答案]：A 。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不能决定吃什么。”故选A。 12．---My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don’t know ______________. ---Let’s read the instructions.[河南课改试验区] www.zk5u.co A. what to use                     B. which one to use             C. how to use it                   D. when to use itwww.zk5u.co [答案]：C。 [解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道如何使用。”故选C。 13．It took my daughter two weeks ________the novels _______by Yand Hongying.[潍坊] A. read; written                    B. to read; written         C. reading; to write        D. to read; wrote [答案]：B。[解析] It takes +sb．+some time +to do sth．表示花费多长时间做某事，novel与write的关系是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动。故答案为B。 Drivers are warned ________when they are tired.[佛山] A. to drive                           B. not drive                   C. not to drive [答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式的否定结构。否定形式是在to前面加not。故选C。 If you want to know _______the mobile phone, you’d better read the instructions first.[大连] A. how to use               B. how to make                    C. where to mend          D. where to buy [答案]：A。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“如果你想要知道如何使用手机的话，你最好先看一看说明书。”故选A。 China will spend about 52 billion yuan ____new airports and __old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期)．[07临沂市] A．repairing; building  B to build；repair     C．building；repairing        D．to repair；build [答案]C[解析]本题主要是考查动词spend的用法。spend．．．doing something意为“花费……做某事”，由此可排除B、D两项。再从句意上看，应是“修建”新机场，“维修”旧机场。 3． students should pay attention to ___________the teacher in class．[07泰州市] A．hear                    B1istento                 C listening to               D hearing of [答案]C[解析]本题考查了介词后跟动词的情况。 pay attention to意为“注意”，其中to是介词，所以后面的动词应使用动名词形式。hear of意为“听说”，与句意不符。  三、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语www.zk5u.co 原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。 【考例】Alice asked me           another bag for her. [北京市课标卷] A. get                         B. got                         C. to get                      D. getting [答案]：C。[解析] ask sb．to do sth．表示让某人做某事，此句话的意思为:“爱丽丝叫我给她再带一个包。” Our parents often tell us not          alone in the river in summer. [长沙] A. swim                 B. to swim              C. swimming [答案]：B。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。tell sb．to do sth．表示告诉某人做某事，tell后边要加不定式，否定形式是在to前面加not，根据题意，应选B。 ---What did your sister say to you last night? ---She asked me _________my father her secret.[绍兴] www.zk5u.co A. to tell not                 B. not to tell                  C. don’t tell                  D. not tell [答案]：B。[解析] tell sb．to do sth．表示告诉某人做某事，tell后边要加不定式，否定形式是在to前面加not，根据题意，应选B。 Betty is often seen _______the old man with his housework.[咸宁] A. help                         B. to help                      C. helped                      D. helps [答案]：B。[解析]考查感官动词后接动词不定式的用法。在make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, hear, listen to，look at，feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to。当使役动词和感官动词变为被动语态时，不定式就成了主语补语，作主语补语的不定式必须加to。故选B。 Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them __________ how much they mean to us. [哈尔滨] A. to know                B. knowing              C. know [答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。make sb. do sth. 表示“使某人……”，故选C。 ---How do you feel when you see the national flag of China? ---It makes us ________proud.[包头] A. feel                      B. to feel                      C. felt                      D. feeling [答案]：A。[解析] 考查感官动词后接动词不定式的用法。在make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, hear, listen to，look at，feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to。故选A。 四、考查非谓语动词用作定语www.zk5u.co 【考例】—Shopping with me? —Sorry. I have a lot of clothes        . （2004江西省南昌） A．to wash                      B．washed               C．wash                  D．to be washed [答案]: A [命题立意]：本题考查动词不定式作定语的用法。 [试题解析]：作定语用的不定式的逻辑主语是句中主语或宾语时，就用主动式的不定式来表被动意义。故选A。 五、考查非谓语动词用作状语 www.zk5u.co 【考例】--Linda, I am very thirsty.   --Let's go to the nearest supermarket           some drinks, OK? [重庆] A. buy                   B. bought                      C. to buy                 D. buying [答案]：C。[解析]考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意为：“咱们去最近的超级市场买些饮料。” In order ________the word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face.[乐山] A. makes                   B. making                            C. to make                           D. make [答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式作目的状语的特殊结构。in order to do sth.表示“为了……”的意思，不定式作目的状语。故选C。 一There goes the bell． 一It's time for class. Let's stop_________.[福州市] A． talk                    B to talk                    C．talking                        D．not talk [答案]C[解析] 动词stop后既可接动词不定式作宾语，即：stop to do sth，也可以接动词的一ing形式作定语，即：stop doing sth。前者表示停下来(开始)做后面的动作，后者表示停止当前的动作。由语境“铃响了，到了上课时间，应停止交谈”可知，应选C项。