2013届高考英语综合能力提高训练试题（附答案）

2013届高考英语综合能力提高训练试题 Ⅰ.语言知识应用(共两节；满分45分)第一节　完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It's no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with their birth parents. That's especially__1__of children who remain in homes where they're badly treated because the law blindly favors biological parents. It's also true of children who __2__ for years in foster (寄养) homes because of parents who can't or won't care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights.Fourteen­year­old Kimberly Mays __3__ neither description, but her recent court victory could __4__ help children who do. Kimberly has been the __5__ of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge __6__ that the teenager can remain with the only father she's ever known and that her biological parents have “no legal __7__” on her.Shortly after__8__ in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another baby were mistakenly switched and sent home with the __9__ parents. Kimberly's biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests __10__ that the child wasn't the Twiggs' own daughter, but Kim only was, thus leading to a custody __11__ with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families __12__ that Mr Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr Mays decided that Kimberly was being __13__.The decision to __14__ Kimberly with Mr Mays caused heated discussion. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have the right to sue (起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made it clear that she was more than just a personal possession of her parents. Biological parentage does not mean an absolute ownership that cancels(取消) all the __15__ of children.1．A.terrible  B．sad  C．true  D．natural2．A.settle  B．live  C．suffer  D．gather3．A.likes  B．gives  C．fits  D．knows4．A.actually  B．eventuallyC．successfully  D．abruptly5．A.victim  B．object  C．sacrifice  D．teenager6．A.ruled  B．believed  C．ordered  D．indicated7．A.expectation  B．actionC．effect  D．claim8．A.birth  B．judgmentC．operation  D．school9．A.biological  B．ownC．kind  D．wrong10．A.examined  B．explainedC．decided  D．showed11．A.battle  B．rightC．agreement  D．decision12．A.thought  B．quarreledC．agreed  D．prepared13．A.harmed  B．forbiddenC．wounded  D．hidden14．A.make  B．leaveC．give  D．keep15．A.freedom  B．happinessC．rights  D．ideas第二节　语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为16～25的相应位置上。“Love your neighbor as yourself” is a saying familiar to most of us.It means that you must have the ability to love and accept yourself in order to form and keep __16__(satisfy) relationship with others. Self­esteem (自尊) means accepting __17__ for who you really are, and believing that you are indeed a worthwhile person __18__ is deserving of love and respect from others.Self­esteem is our sense of __19__ good we feel about ourselves.It is based on our __20__ (judge) of ourselves, not on other people's assessment, __21__ simply on our own. Some very ordinary people feel very good about themselves, while other __22__ (extraordinary) high achievers hold low opinions of themselves.Self­esteem is the primary key to long­term stress management. A positive, healthy self­esteem gives us the “hardiness(强健)” to deal with the difficulties of life, and to see them as challenges to __23__ (meet), rather than threats to be feared.Learning to love yourself for who you are is the key to __24__ (overcome) stress.Self­esteem comes from the self, and cannot be promoted by others. Self­esteem is the __25__ (base) of contentment and positive living.16．________　　17.________　　18.________19．________　　  20.________  21.________22．________  23.________  24.________25．________　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　 Ⅱ.阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。AThe early 1900s were very different from today.Toys，though they have evolved in many ways，were still the delight of children everywhere.Theodore Roosevelt's Presidency marks the beginning of the “Teddy Bear”. In the year 1902，toy bears were named “Teddy” after the president's nickname.The Teddy Bear became known worldwide，and is still known and loved today.It was only a few years later that the Teddy Bears were mass produced.In 1913，an item called the Erector Set was invented.It was a steel，motorized toy that children could use to build models of anything.Its creator was A．C.Gilbert，a medical doctor.Charles Pajeau created a similar wooden set called Tinker Toys in the year 1914.Tinker Toys were made for younger children.Raggedy Ann dolls first came on the scene after newspaper cartoonist Johnny Gruelle reproduced the doll he made for his daughter.That was in 1915.The following year，an architect's son named John Lloyd Wright，invented Lincoln Logs，which were interlocked to make structures.Two years after Mickey Mouse was created，stuffed(填塞)Mickey Mouse dolls were made by Charlotte Clark.This was the start of Disney merchandise.The yo­yo became popular in the United States after Donald Duncan bought a yo­yo company in 1929.The View­Master，a three dimensional viewer，was developed by a camera enthusiast named William Gruber.The toy became popular when Gruber licensed Disney characters to make still,3­D images from Disney movies and television programs.Finally，in 1940，model airplanes were mass produced.They started out as a way for manufacturers to sell planes to the military，but later caught on as a toy.The toys that we know and love today have had their roots from these ancient times.Isn't it interesting to know that if it hadn't been for all these creative people，most of the games you know today would never have been?26．Why were toy bears named “Teddy”？A．To be suitable for mass production.B．To be easily pronounced by children.C．To meet the advertisers' needs.D．To memorize President Theodore Roosevelt.27．In which aspect do the toys created by Gilbert differ from those by Charles?A．Shape.  B．Material used.C．Themes.  D．Price.28．When did the View­Master become popular?A．After William Gruber was born.B．After Gruber licensed Disney characters.C．Two years after Mickey Mouse was created.D．When Disney merchandise was started.29．From the last paragraph we can learn that________.A．those people who created these games should never be forgottenB．some toys created in ancient times now disappearC．creativity exists in every field all the timeD．toys nowadays are totally different from those in ancient times30．What does the passage talk about?A．The function of toys.B．The history of Disney characters.C．Toys in the early 1900s.D．The financial meaning of toys.B “In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”“Two full inches in the first three days！” These are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper，radio and television ads，promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device.The promoters of products say they can shape the legs，slim the face，smooth wrinkles，or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.Often such products are nothing more than money­making things for their promoters.The results they produce are questionable，and some are dangerous to health.To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation.If the product is a drug，FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market.But if the product is a device，FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness.If a product already on the market is a danger to health，FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily，or it can take legal action，including seizure(查封)of the product.One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，which had been sold for reducing the waistline.The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads.FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.Obviously，most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼)，and new devices appear continually.Before buying，it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.31．It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are________.A．objective  B．costlyC．unreliable  D．illegal32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.B．New products are more likely to be questionable.C．The production of a device must be approved by FDA.D．The promoters usually just care about profits. 33．FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product________.A．if it is a drugB．if it is a deviceC．if its consumers make complaintsD．if its distributors challenge FDA's authority34．The Relaxacisor is mentioned as________.A．a product which was designed to produce electricityB．a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case C．a successful advertisement of a beauty productD．an example of a quality beauty product35．The author intends to________.A．make consumers aware of the promoters' false promisesB．show the weakness of the law on product safetyC．give advice on how to keep young and beautifulD．introduce the organization of FDAC“A very disruptive(制造混乱的) six­year­old child kicked my legs and clawed at my hand，”said one teacher. “I broke up a fight and was kicked between my legs，”said another. Many people have heard stories like this. But the situation is more worrying still and it involves parents.Every child, regardless of the circumstances into which they are born, has the right to achieve their potential, regardless of their parents' wealth and class. And we recognize that, as a nation，it is a long way to achieve this goal. But rights come with responsibilities and what worries people is that we are in danger of neglecting the latter. Far too many children are behaving badly at school，even to the point of being violent to staff. This is terrible enough，but it is hard to be surprised since many children are just mirroring the behavior of their parents. Too many are starting school unable to hold a knife and fork, unused to eating at a table，and unable to use the lavatory properly.We are in danger of becoming a nation of families_living_separate_lives_under_one_roof. The bedroom, once a place to sleep，has become the living space for the young. Spending hours in front of computer screens, on social networking sites or being immersed in computer games, children and young people spend little time with their parents. Parents are unable to monitor just what their children are watching.Schools cannot right the wrongs of society and teachers cannot become substitute parents. Both parties need to work together. Parents must be helped and given confidence to take back control. They are responsible for setting boundaries for their children's behavior and sticking to those boundaries when the going gets tough. They are responsible for setting a good example to their children and for devoting that most precious of resources—time—so that children come to school readily and are willing to learn.36．In the opinion of the writer, what problem do people ignore?A．The school violence.B．The pressure of students' learning.C．The right to achieve students potential.D．The responsibilities of the students.37．The writer's attitude to the behaviors of parents may be that of ________.A．dissatisfied  B．unconcernC．understanding  D．tolerance38．The underlined part in Para. 4 means________.A．parents and children live in their separate roomsB．parents care little about children's life at homeC．children don't live with their parents in the same roomD．at home children live a different life from that of parents39．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________.A．schools can't correct the wrongs that society does to teachersB．teachers have no responsibility for playing the role of parentsC．parents should spend time with children making them ready to learnD．students are responsible for making themselves known in society40．What't the main idea of the passage?A．Children's behavior at school is worrying people.B．Parents expect schools to correct their children's bad habits.C．There is no point in parents' teaching children at home.D．Don't blame teachers when it's parents who are failing.D Motorists who used to listen to the radio or their favorite tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.A team from the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of “melody roads”， which use cars as tuning forks(音叉)to play music as they travel.The concept works by using grooves(凹槽)．They are cut at very specific intervals in the road surface. The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes.Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high or low notes, and designers are able to create a distinct tune.Patent documents for the design describe it as notches(刻痕)“formed in a road surface so as to play a melody without producing simple sound or rhythm and reproduce melody­like tones”．There are three musical strips in central and northern Japan—one of which plays the tune of a Japanese pop song. Reports say the system was invented by Shizuo Shinoda.He scraped some markings into a road with a bulldozer(推土机)before driving over them and found that they helped to produce all kinds of tones.The optimal speed for melody road is 44 kph，but people say it is not always easy to get the intended sound.“You need to keep the car windows closed to hear well，”wrote one Japanese blogger.“Driving too fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 12 mph[20 km/h]has a slow­motion effect, making you almost car­sick.”41．According to the passage，melody roads use________to create different notes.A．cars  B．groovesC．spaces between intervals  D．bulldozers42．We can learn from the passage that the highness of notes is depended on________.A．how far the grooves areB．how big the grooves areC．the number of the groovesD．the speed of the car43．The underlined word “optimal” in the passage might mean________.A．fastest  B．possibleC．best  D．suitable44．In order to hear the music well，you have to________.A．drive very fastB．drive slowlyC．open the windows wideD．keep the windows closed45．What's the best title of the passage?A．A New Type of MusicB．Melody Roads in JapanC．A Musical Road SurfaceD．A New Invention in Japan第二节　信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)请阅读下列应用文及其相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。阅读下列图书馆各个区域的相关信息：A．Bing Wing CarrelsStudy desks with a lockable storage compartment are located on the third floor of the Bing Wing of Green Library. Graduate students and visiting scholars are given priority for carrel assignments. Undergraduate students, if assigned, may use a carrel for one quarter at a time.B．The Velma Denning RoomThe Velma Denning Room provides a focused environment for the data and software services offered by Social Science Data and Software (SSDS)．SSDS provides access to an extensive collection of datasets from consortia, foreign governments, international organizations and US agencies and offices on CD ­ROM and diskette. Users can view, download, or transfer numeric data on CD ­ROM and diskette from computer workstations.C．Bender RoomThe Albert M. Bender Room, with its wonderful views of the quad and the hills beyond the campus, offers comfortable seating and a quiet atmosphere for study, leisure reading, and reflection. The Bender Room contains a collection of good books of current and classic interest in fiction and non­fiction. This collection has been made possible by a generous gift from the Stanford University Bookstore.D．Lane Reading RoomThe Lane Reading Room, houses the Humanities and Area Studies Resource Center. From the beginning, the room has served as a reading room, first for general purposes, and later for the study of rare books and manuscripts(手稿). Traditional study and reading space is now complemented by Internet access (available from all seating in the room) and computer workstations. The Lane Reading Room houses the Humanities Digital Information Service (formerly the Academic Text Service), which provides access to SUL/AIR's electronic library of humanities texts as well as to electronic indexes, publications, and the Internet.E．Dissertation(专题论文) RoomsDissertation Rooms are available to currently registered doctoral students. Priority is given to those students in the Humanities and Social Sciences who use the Green Library collections. Because the rooms are in high demand, all rooms are double­assigned and are available only to students who are both currently registered and advanced to candidacy. F.Jonsson Social Sciences Reading RoomThe Jonsson Social Sciences Reading Room is designed to facilitate a range of social science learning and research activities. A social science reference collection of over 15,000 volumes as well as classic texts, new and notable publications, and current issues of core journals in the social sciences are available. The Jonsson Reading Room is also home to the Social Sciences Resource Center computer cluster.以下是人物信息，为每个人选择相应的区域：46．Lisa intends to go into studies on social science, and she is considering which specific question should be focused on. Rather than getting easy access to electronic texts, she would like to take a quick look at the new publications in the printed form first.47．Ali is on a visit to the university. He has been invited to stay on campus for 2 weeks. At the library, he may need a place that can be locked up to keep his belongings.48．Jack has finished his project on humanities. For several months he was seated in front of the computer screen writing his dissertation. Today he wants a change. A comfortable place with interesting novels, short stories, or even fairy tales is most favorable.49．Ann, with a master's degree on social science, is one of the currently registered doctoral students. Her supervisor has asked her to search for some information in the SUL/AIR's electronic library. This is an urgent task.50．Nick is doing a research on the Middle East. He badly needs a wide range of datasets from the area. He also plans to store the data on CD ­ROM so that he can use them later.Ⅲ.写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节　基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)上周四，你班在某一社区组织了主题为“大家齐动手，共建文明城”的环保活动，分三组，每组十五人。活动情况如下： 活动内容 具体做法一组 回收废旧电池 挨家挨户回收二组 清除墙上的广告纸和地面垃圾 不怕脏，不怕累，认真清理三组 派发环保资料，宣传环保活动 邀请居民一起参与环保活动居民看法 支持、赞扬你班的环保行为 　　[写作内容]1．活动的时间、地点、主题、参与人员；2．各组活动内容、具体做法；3．居民看法。[参考词汇]Joining Together to Build a Civilized City 大家齐动手，共建文明城[写作要求]1．请使用5个句子表达全部的内容；2．将5个句子组织成一篇连贯的短文。[评分标准]句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节　读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。News report：Four young female college students died on Friday after falling or jumping from a blazing room on the sixth floor of Shanghai Business School. Witness said one woman who jumped appeared to be aiming for bushes on the ground, but missed and landed on concrete. Witnesses said the other three were desperately trying to climb to another room amid roaring flames when they fell to the concrete paving.The fire broke out in Room 602 of the seven­floor dormitory at the school's downtown campus on Zhongshan Road West, just after 6 am. The fire was caused by an electrical device used to heat water. This had ignited flammable objects, police said late Friday afternoon. After receiving reports of the fire at 6：12 am, police, firefighters and ambulances were quickly on the scene. The fire was extinguished by 6：30 am, according to the school.There is only one public toilet on each floor to get water and fire extinguishers in the dormitory were outdated, students said.[写作内容]1．以约30个词概括这篇报道的主要内容；2．以约120个词针对此篇报道发表你对校园安全问题的看法， 至少包括以下内容要点：(1)作为学生，我们该如何在危急的状况下保护好自己；(2)作为校方应该采取哪些措施避免此类悲剧的发生。[写作要求]1．作文中可使用实例来支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 综合能力训练卷(八)Ⅰ.第一节1．C　许多孩子和养父母在一起要比和亲生父母在一起健康、开心得多，这并不是一个秘密。对于那些在家里受亲生父母虐待的孩子而言尤其如此(true)。下句It's also true of children…because of…是提示。2．C　同样，对于那些在收养家庭中多年遭受(suffer)痛苦的孩子们来说也是如此。3．C　14岁的Kimberly不适合(fits)上述两种情况。4．B　Kimberly的案例对属于上述两种情况的孩子而言最终(eventually)是有所帮助的。5．B　Kimberly向来是她的养父与从未和她一起生活过的亲生父母争夺监护权的对象或目标(object)。6．A　法官裁决(ruled)Kimberly可以继续与其唯一熟悉的养父生活在一起，驳回亲生父母对Kimberly监护权的要求(claim)。7．D　解析见上题。8．A　根据本句后的baby可判断此处为birth。句意表示“Kimberly出生后不久就被抱错”。9．D　既然是mistakenly switched“被交叉抱错”，那么与之回家的自然是wrong parents，当然不会是亲生父母了。10．D　另外一个小孩在1988年生病夭折。医学测试表明(showed)这个小孩不是Kimberly亲生父母的孩子，Kimberly才是。Kimberly亲生父母由此与其养父展开了一场争夺监护权的斗争(battle)。11．A　解析见上题。12．C　最后双方达成协议(agreed)，养父保留监护权，亲生父母有探望(visiting)权。13．A　但养父若认为亲生父母的探望使Kimberly受到了伤害(harmed)，则该权利终止。14．B　把Kimberly留给(leave)她的养父引起了激烈的讨论。15．C　血缘关系并不意味着亲生父母可以剥夺孩子全部的权利(rights)。第二节16．satisfying17．yourself　用反身代词yourself表示 “自己” 。18．who　定语从句，先行词为人，故用who。19．how　表程度，引导宾语从句，故用how。20．judgement　从成分上分析，这里要用名词。21．but　与前面构成转折意义。22．extraordinarily　常用副词修饰high。23．be met24．overcoming　to为介词，因此其后要用动名词。25．basisⅡ.第一节 A26．D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“…toy bears were named‘Teddy’ after the president's nickname.”可知选 D。27．B　细节理解题。根据第三、四段关键信息可知，两者的差别在于所使用的材料不同，一个是steel，一个是wood。28．B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句可知选B。29．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知答案。30．C　主旨大意题。本文主要描述了the early 1900s时期玩具的发展情况。所以正确答案为C。B31．C　推理判断题。文章提出许多媒体上的广告都含有虚假成分，夸大其词，而事实上广告中的产品往往不具有其所宣称的效果。文章第四段提到这些产品的效果是值得怀疑的，不可靠的，甚至是危险的。objective“客观的，不带偏见的”；costly“昂贵的”；unreliable“不可靠的”；illegal“不合法的，违法的”。32．D　细节理解题。第四段第一句话说“通常这些产品对推销者来说只是挣钱的工具”，显然D项“推销者通常只关注利润”符合题意。33．A　细节理解题。从第五段第二句话可知A项正确，如果是药物的生产，则必须向FDA证明其安全性和有效性。34．B　细节理解题。倒数第二段提到的这个案例与上一段最后一句话紧密相连，是对其进行举例说明；第三句话说FDA对the Relaxacisor的经销采取了法律措施，责令其停止销售，所以答案为B。35．A　主旨大意题。作者通过对一些虚假广告问题的分析，提醒消费者关注生产者对产品的不实宣传和虚假承诺，避免上当受骗，故A项最为恰当。C这是一篇社会文化类文章。现在的孩子在学校里的举止行为很让人担忧，他们不但不懂得基本的行为规范，而且还和老师发生冲突，作者认为造成这一切的原因在于父母疏于管理。36．D　细节推断题。根据第二段中的But rights come with responsibilities and what worries people is that we are in danger of neglecting the latter.可知，人们虽然很重视孩子的权利，却忽视了他们应当承担的责任，所以选D项。37．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为家长们应该负责制定子女的行为界限，坚持这些界限不可逾越。他们有责任为孩子树立良好的榜样以及为子女投入大量宝贵的资源——时间——让孩子们去学校，并愿意学习。由此可知作者对于父母们的表现是不满意的。38．B　细节理解题。根据该段中的young people spend little time with their parents和Parents are unable to monitor just what their children are watching.可知，父母虽然和孩子住在一个屋檐下，但是对于孩子的行为很少关注。39．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，父母要负起教育孩子的责任，要给孩子树立一个良好的榜样，要花费时间多和孩子在一起，使得他们做好上学的准备，所以选C。40．D　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了现在一些孩子在学校的行为让人担忧，他们不知道基本的社会行为规范，而造成这一切的原因在于父母疏于管理。父母把责任推给了学校和老师，而作者认为父母应该负起这个责任。D41．C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes.可以得出答案为C。42．A　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，声音的高低取决于凹槽的间距，因此正确答案为A。43．C　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段，并联系上下文可以推断，optimal在这里意为“最佳的，最理想的”，因此正确答案为C。44．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话可以得出选项D正确。其余三项都与原文说法不符。45．B　主旨大意题。文章讲述的是日本发明音乐路面的事情，故选B。第二节46—50　FACDBⅢ.第一节One possible version：Last Thursday our class organized an environmental activity whose theme was “Joining Together to Build a Civilized City” in a community and the students were divided into three groups with 15 students each. Group 1 went from door to door recycling the used batteries. Not fearing dirt or fatigue, the second group cleared up the posters and advertisements on the walls as well as the rubbish on the ground. The last group handed out the leaflets of the environmental protection and they also advocated their activity by inviting the residents to take part. The dwellers praised our class for our practice and gave us much support.第二节One possible version：After the tears, let's focus on dorm safetyIt was reported that a tragedy occurred in a girl's dormitory of the Shanghai Business School. Four girls jumped from their sixth­floor balcony in an attempt to escape a fire, and lost their lives. People expressed their sympathy after hearing the tragedy. In my opinion, this incident reflects a lack of awareness of safety procedures. Both the college and the students are responsible for it. On one hand, we students should learn to deal with an emergency calmly in daily life. If there is a crisis, we are supposed to remain calm, ensure we are safe and then call for help.On the other hand, it is the school authorities' obligation to take safety measures . Furthermore, more lectures should be held on safety to enhance students' awareness of the issue. In short, to avoid similar tragedies, both sides must work together.