2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷5（Word版附解析）

2020 年普通高等学校招生统一考试 英语卷(五) (时间：100 分钟，满分：120 分) 第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节(共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A (2019·太原市测评) INTRODUCTION Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students is established by the Ministry of Education(MOE) of the People's Republic of China aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis.China Scholarship Council，entrusted by the MOE，holds the responsibility of verification(证实)，approval and the routine management of the program. SCHOLARSHIP COVERAGE Tuition；campus accommodation fees；medical insurance and a monthly allowance. APPLICANTS ●Applicants must be non­Chinese citizens and in good health. ●Applicants for a master's degree program must have a bachelor's degree and be under 35. ●Applicants for a doctoral degree program must have a master's degree and be under 40. APPLICATION 1．Apply online at www.campuschina.org 2．Mail application documents to East China Normal University(ECNU) ●An application form for Chinese Government Scholarship. ● The highest diploma and academic transcripts( 学 生 成 绩 单 )(notarized photocopies) ． Documents in languages other than Chinese or English must be attached with notarized(经过公证的) translation in Chinese or English. ●A research plan.It is required to be no more than 800 words. ● Recommendation letters.Applicants for postgraduate studies must submit two letters of recommendation in Chinese or English by professors or associate professors. ●A photocopy of Foreigner Physical Examination Form. Please select the appropriate time to take medical examination as it is valid for only 180 days. ●The HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test)certificate. ●The processing fee.The bank wire receipt should be enclosed in the application package. 3．Application dateYour application documents should reach the International Students Office of ECNU by April 30th. APPROVAL AND NOTIFICATION The result will be posted online at http：//lxs.ecnu.edu.cn by the end of June. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国为国际学生设立的中国政府奖学金 项目的具体情况。 1．What do we know about the program? A．There is no age limit for applicants. B．The application is due on June 30th. C．It is only for international students. D．There are two websites for application. C　[考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students...on an international basis”可知，这个项目只针对国际学生。故选 C。] 2．What will applicants have to pay according to the text? A．Tuition. B．Processing fees. C．All living costs. D．Medical examination charge. B　[考查细节理解。根据 APPLICATION 部分中的“The processing fee.The bank wire receipt...package”可知，申请者需支付手续费。] 3．What can we infer from the text? A．Longer research plans are preferred. B．The HSK certificate is valid for only 180 days. C．Government officials give recommendation letters. D．Education certificates in Chinese or English are accepted. D　[考查推理判断。根据 APPLICATION 部分中的“Documents in languages...in Chinese or English”可推知，英语或汉语版本的教育证书都是可以接受的。] B (2019·湖南省五市十校联考) I started to work as an editor for a travel magazine.I didn't really mind the work，but I wanted something more challenging.My sister sent me some details for a position in a start­up.The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests，so I jumped at it. However，soon after I joined the company，its model changed to focus on K­12 education，and everything about my position changed.I was asked to take on the completely different roles of selling contents to teachers and training people.I had no experience in sales，training or education.On top of that，I'm an introvert(内向的人)．I felt more a little outside my comfort zone.I knew I wanted to grow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company.I told myself that everything feels overwhelming at first and I should at least try.In a way ，I felt like I didn't have a choice.I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me，even though it felt pretty awful. I was fortunate to be surrounded by very helpful people，both at work and at home.My boss never asked if I thought I could do it；she asked if I was interested in trying. I spent hours researching my company's products.I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers that there were soon more good experiences than difficult ones.I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort.The more I did，the better I felt. Over time，I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing.It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow.I also learned it's important to take risks and accept new opportunities，even when you're not sure if you'll do well.I don't think there's anything worse than failing to try.I'm so glad I tried，and it surely paid off. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”曾经是某旅游杂志的编辑，但“我”需要更 具有挑战性的工作，所以“我”听从了姐姐的建议跳槽到了一家新公司。可是不久，这家公 司的模式改变，内向的“我”被安排到营销岗位。在老板的鼓励下，“我”不断尝试，终于取 得了良好的业绩。 4．Why did the author want to change her job? A．She intended to challenge something new. B．She was paid too little at her old job. C．She followed her sister's advice. D．She got bored of her old boss. A　[考查细节理解。根据第一段第一、二句“I started to work as an editor for a travel magazine.I didn't really mind the work，but I wanted something more challenging”可知，“我”曾 是某旅游杂志的编辑，虽然“我”并不介意这项工作，但“我”想要更有挑战性的工作；据 此可知，作者想要挑战新事物，故 A 项正确。] 5．How did the author feel after she entered the new company? A．Excited. 　　　　　　 B．Curious. C．Stressed. D．Comfortable. C　[考查推理判断。根据第二段最后三句“I had no experience in sales，training or education.On top of that，I'm an introvert(内向的人)．I felt more a little outside my comfort zone.” 可知，“我”没有销售、培训或教育方面的经验，“我”还是一个内向的人；据此可推知，作 者一开始感到有压力，故 C 项正确。] 6．The author could finally handle her job mainly because ． A．people around her helped her solve the challengeB．she was hardworking and made a lot of effort C．she knew she would do well D．her boss trusted her to try B　[考查推理判断。根据第五段的内容可知，“我”花时间研究公司的产品，向有经验的 老师请教，并寻找机会努力工作；据此可推知，作者能驾驭工作的主要原因是她工作勤奋， 付出了很多努力，故 B 项正确。] C (2019·重庆市七校联考) Being stuck behind crowds of slow walkers when you're in a hurry is one of the most annoying things.But now，Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex，one of the UK's largest shopping malls，has introduced its very own fast lane for shoppers in a hurry，aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers and the anger that goes with them. The Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex has introduced a 720­foot“fast lane”reserved for fast walkers only，just in time for the festive rush.The centre's management team said：“The lane will help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don't want to get caught in behind unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year.” The fast lane was introduced after a MasterCard survey found that 80 percent of consumers found slow walkers their biggest annoyance while shopping.The research also found that the average walking speed slowed down by 21 percent during the festive shopping period，as most shoppers spent more time window shopping during this period. Gary Mortimer ， an expert from the Queensland University of Technology ， said he wasn't surprised by the promotion about the launch of the fast lane，and thought the concept would appeal to shoppers all over the world.“Crowded parking lots and busy shopping centres tend to be two of the biggest complaints of shoppers over the festive season.”he said.“I think the fast lanes are a new approach.However，I suspect it will be a bit like fast lanes on the highway，so it might end up being more trouble than its worth.” The MasterCard survey also identified the four most common types of shoppers.They include“Skaters”who try and make their way through crowds politely，“Dodgers”who move down the paths to avoid slow walkers ，“ Bulldozers ” who push their way through crowds ， and “Tutters”who express their frustrations to slow walkers. 【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了英国一家大型的购物中心在节日高峰期引进快速通道一 事。 7．The fast lane is intended for the shoppers who ． A．can't move quickly because of physical disabilities B．buy things on their shopping lists quickly C．take their time to do window shoppingD．want to leave the mall quickly B　[考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句和第二段最后一句可推知，快速通道是为那些想 迅速购物的人而设计的，故选 B。] 8．What is Gary Mortimer's attitude to the fast lane? A．Supportive. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Objective. D　[考查观点态度。根据对第四段的整体理解可知，Gary Mortimer 对快速通道进行了全 面的评论，既肯定，又看到了潜在的劣势，因此其态度是客观的，故选 D。] 9．Who may patiently move behind a slow crowd? A．Skaters. B．Dodgers. C．Bulldozers. D．Tutters. A　[考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句中的“‘Skaters’who try and make their way through crowds politely”可推知，Skaters 在购物时会耐心地跟在缓慢的人群后，故选 A。] 10．What is the main idea of the text? A．Shopping can be annoying sometimes. B．How to avoid slow walkers when shopping. C．The problems that shopping centres face during busy holidays. D．The shopping mall creates the fast lane to avoid slow walkers. D　[考查主旨大意。根据第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要报 道了大型购物中心引进快速通道，从而在购物高峰期使购物迅速的人避开缓慢购物者的新闻， 故选 D。] 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 (2019·唐山市模拟)Have you recently spotted people carrying garbage bags while jogging？ 11 ？This is a new eco­friendly workout called plogging，a combination of jogging and the Swedish term “plocka upp”，meaning“pick up”． Plogging is essentially regular old jogging but with an eco­friendly upgrade.Here's how it works. 12 ，ploggers pick up the garbage littered on the street and dispose of it correctly instead of jogging on. Starting in Sweden，plogging has caught on across the world.This new workout trend will bring about some serious benefits：keeping ploggers in shape and saving the planet. The eco­friendly workout is significantly more effective than just jogging. 13 ，a half hour of plogging will burn 288 calories on average ， compared to just 235 calories from regular jogging.Besides，plogging is a nice distraction when your run might otherwise be dragging.Instead of counting the steps until you jog for another mile ，you'll be too busy spotting garbage to realize you've already covered 5 miles. 14 ．Littering influences our quality of life and economic development，and often ends up polluting the environment and harming wildlife.Plogging，simple and fun，enables everyone to help create cleaner，greener，and more beautiful communities. So next time you go for a jog，try stopping to gather any garbage while you are at it. 15 ． A．Have you noticed people littering here and there B．Or their hands filled with some old plastic bottles C．After all，both your body and planet will thank you D．While jogging through a park or neighborhood roads E．Since plogging needs people to track and record calories F．Then there come the earth­friendly effects of plogging G．As plogging requires some bending and arm strength to hold all the garbage 【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一种新的、环保的锻炼身体的方式：plogging。 11．B　[承接上文“Have you recently spotted people carrying garbage bags while jogging”可 知，此处描述了慢跑者捡垃圾的现象，选项 B 与之呼应，且衔接下文，所以选用 B 选项。] 12．D　[承接上文“Here's how it works”可知，此处介绍了这项新运动的运行方式，所以选 用 D 选项，衔接上下文。] 13．G　[根据空后的“a half hour of plogging will burn 288 calories on average，compared to just 235 calories from regular jogging”可推知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，与选项 G 吻合， 所以选用 G 选项。] 14．F　[空处是本段的主题句。根据对本段的整体理解并承接上文“The eco­friendly workout is significantly more effective than just jogging”可推知，本段主要讲的是这种新型运动 方式的环保效果，所以选用 F 选项。第三段中的“saving the planet”也是提示。] 15．C　[根据对上文的整体理解可推知，此处是对上文的总结，与选项 C 联系密切，所 以选用 C 选项。] 第二部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 (2019·惠州市调研考试)I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I'd applied for.I sat in the car，lost in 16 ，chewing on my lip and staring outside. I went upstairs， 17 and desperate.Grandpa's door was open for me as usual.There，he was waiting for my 18 with great excitement.I stood silently，forcing a 19 to cover my sadness.He seemed to 20 me immediately，giving me a 21 ．I was astonished that such a 22 body was full of so much energy. Only then did my emotions start 23 out.I told him that all my 24 were for nothing， and that I was feeling discouraged.Grandpa smiled at me 25 and said，“Don't worry.You're far stronger than you think.”Then he 26 ，“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and 27 ，neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.” He 28 me on the shoulder，with a determined look，before saying，“Cheer up.I'm firmly 29 that you have the capability to succeed.”Grandpa's encouragement soon made my sadness 30 ． The next day，I thought about all my problems and 31 a plan.Now，I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure，I'll 32 reach my goals. Looking back，I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our 33 ones.As my grandpa showed，the 34 of our family members will benefit us 35 ． 【语篇解读】　本文通过作者与全国 IT 竞赛失之交臂的故事告诉我们：不要畏惧失败， 应该和我们所爱的人分享生活中的挫折和进步，要相信家庭成员的支持将使我们永远受益。 16．A.fear 　　　　　　 B．despair C．love D．need B　[根据上文可知，作者没有成功进入全国 IT 竞赛，此处表示作者坐在车里，沉浸在失 望(despair)之中。] 17．A.weak B．strong C．sweet D．simple A　[根据语境及空后的“and desperate”可知，此时作者上楼时是无力且绝望的，故选 A。A 项意为“无力的，虚弱的”，B 项意为“强壮的”，C 项意为“甜的”，D 项意为“简单的”。] 18．A.suggestion B．comment C．discovery D．arrival D　[根据上文“Grandpa's door was open for me as usual”可知，爷爷正在等着作者的到来 (arrival)，故选 D。A 项意为“建议”，B 项意为“评论”，C 项意为“发现”，D 项意为“到 来”。] 19．A.tear B．sigh C．signal D．smile D　[根据该句中的“forcing”和“to cover my sadness”可知，作者应该是强颜欢笑，故选 D。 A 项意为“眼泪”，B 项意为“叹气”，C 项意为“信号”，D 项意为“微笑”。] 20．A.ignore B．inspect C．read D．order C　[根据语境，爷爷似乎立即理解了作者的心声，给了作者一个拥抱(hug)，故选 C。] 21．A.hug B．pride C．challenge D．wish A　[参见上题解析。] 22．A.fine B．fit C．thin D．healthy C　[根据语境可知，爷爷的拥抱让作者很惊讶，如此瘦削的身体竟然充满这么多的能量， 故选 C。此处与空后的“so much energy”形成对比。] 23．A.dying B．turning C．checking D．pouring D　[根据上文的内容及空后一句“I told him that all my... discouraged”可知，作者被爷爷一 抱，所有的情绪奔涌(pouring)而出，故选 D。die out 意为“灭绝，消失”；turn out 意为“结果 是”；check out 意为“检查”。] 24．A.offers B．efforts C．promises D．profits B　[根据语境及空后的“for nothing”可知，这里应该是说，作者觉得他的努力(effort)都白 费了，故选 B。A 项意为“主动提议”，B 项意为“努力”，C 项意为“诺言”，D 项意为“收 益，利润”。] 25．A.generally B．gently C．suddenly D．freshly B　[根据空前的“smiled at me”和下文爷爷对作者说的话可知，此时爷爷是温和地(gently) 笑着说，故选 B。] 26．A.added B．shared C．helped D．served A　[从下文的内容可知，这里是“补充说”的意思，故选 A。B 项意为“分享”，C 项意 为“帮助”，D 项意为“服务”。] 27．A.decisions B．respects C．desires D．pains C　[根据该句中的“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and ”可知，这里应该选一个与“hopes”平行的词，C 项“渴望，欲望”符合语 境。故选 C。] 28．A.patted B．hit C．begged D．pickedA　[根据该句中的“He me on the shoulder”可知，爷爷拍了拍(patted)作者的肩膀， 故选 A。] 29．A.convinced B．believed C．expected D．changed A　[根据语境以及下文的“you have the capability to succeed”可知，爷爷坚信作者有取得成 功的能力，且 be convinced that...是固定用法，意为“确信……”，故选 A。] 30．A.arise B．prevent C．continue D．disappear D　[根据上下文可知，此处是说爷爷的鼓励使作者的悲伤很快消失(disappear)了，故选 D。A 项意为“出现，产生”，B 项意为“阻止”，C 项意为“继续”，D 项意为“消失”。] 31．A.turned into B．came across C．cared about D．worked out D　[根据语境可知，此处是说作者制订出(work out)了一个计划。] 32．A.merely B．actually C．eventually D．instantly C　[根据语境可知，作者相信，以积极的态度对待失败，自己终会实现目标，eventually “最终”符合语境，故选 C。] 33．A.deserved B．beloved C．determined D．excited B　[根据语境可知，这里是指要与我们所爱之人分享生活中的挫折和进步，故选 B。] 34．A.company B．gratitude C．support D．blame C　[从爷爷对作者的鼓励可以看出，这里是指家人的支持(support)，故选 C。] 35．A.never B．forever C．however D．wherever B　[根据上文可知，这里是指家人的支持将使我们永远受益，故选 B。] 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2019·安徽省示范高中模拟)Proper exercise is beneficial to our health. As the experts say, swimming is an excellent way to work your entire body. An hour of swimming 36.burns(burn) almost as many calories as running. There are a host of benefits you may gain from swimming 37.regularly(regular)． One of 38.the biggest benefits of swimming is that it truly works well from head to toe. It can not only increase your heart rate without 39.stressing(stress) your body, but also build up your muscles and 40.strength(strong). Besides, swimming makes your heart and lung strong. It is so good for you that researchers say it may even reduce your risk of death. 41.Compared(compare) with inactive people, 42.swimmers(swimmer) have about half the risk of death. Some other studies have shown that swimming may help lower blood pressure and control blood sugar. The number of persons 43.who/that experience some level of insomnia(失眠症) is increasing, so this is excellent news — the researchers conclude that swimming is a potentially powerful way to relieve stress quickly and promote deeper sleep. Swimming is safe for most people. As with any workout, there are certain risks associated with swimming. If you 44.are injured(injure) or have certain medical conditions, be sure to check with your doctor before swimming. 45.In general, it's a good idea to check with your doctor whenever you start a new exercise program. 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节　应用文写作(满分 15 分) 假如你是李华，你校英语戏剧社正在招募新成员。请根据以下提示，给负责人 Mr.Smith 写一封电子邮件，申请加入。 1．申请理由； 2．个人优势； 3．表达愿望。 注意：1.词数 80 左右； 2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】 Dear Mr.Smith， I'm Li Hua，writing to apply to be a member of our school English drama society.I have confidence that I am a suitable candidate for the society. To begin with，I am enthusiastic about dramas，especially about English dramas and started playing in junior high school.In addition，I have taken part in several drama plays and performed well.Last but not least，I'm fluent in English and won the first place in the English speech contest held in our city last year. I really hope to join you.I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.Yours， Li Hua 第二节　概要写作(满分 25 分) 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. How do the society become a throwaway one？First of all，it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money repairing it.Thanks to modern manufacturing(制造业) and technology， companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and cheap. Another cause is our love of disposable(一次性的) products.As busy people，we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier.Companies produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few. Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world，we can see the consequences of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment， more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.However，this is not enough to solve our problem. Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes toward spending.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 【参考范文】 In modern times，what's worn out is thrown away and replaced by a new one，(要点 1) which is due to three reasons.First ， it's more convenient and economical to get an object replaced than repaired.(要点 2)Besides，our preference for disposable products worsens the problem.(要点 3)Our addiction to new things is also to blame.( 要 点 4)Consequently ， rubbish is piling up and the environment is being damaged.(要点 5)To have a cleaner and better world，we'd better buy less and repair more.(要点 6)