Ⅰ.完形填空
(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage
students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I
myself went through this __1__ process and found something that has changed my
__2__ at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language(美式手
语)．
I never felt an urge to __3__ any sign language before. My entire family is hearing,
and so are all my friends. The __4__ languages were enough in all my interactions(交
往). Little did I know that I would discover my __5__ for ASL.
The __6__ began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club
__7___ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __8__ of
communicating without speaking __9__ me. What I saw was completely unlike
anything I had experienced in the __10__. This newness just left me __11__ more.
After that, feeling the need to __12__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL
Club's meetings. I only learned how to __13__ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of
being discouraged by my __14__ progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to
__15__ those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I __16__ an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any
talking was ___17__. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. __18__， if
there had been any talking, it would have __19__ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the
silence and the __20__ way of communication it opens.
1. A．searching B．planning
C．natural D．formal
2. A．progress B．experience
C．major D．opinion
3. A．choose B．read
C．learn D．create
4. A．official B．foreign
C．body D．spoken
5. A．love B．concernC．goal D．request
6. A．meeting B．trip
C．story D．task
7. A．recorded B．performed
C．recited D．discussed
8. A．idea B．amount
C．dream D．reason
9. A．disturbed B．supported
C．embarrassed D．attracted
10. A．end B．past
C．course D．distance
11. A．showing B．acting
C．saying D．wanting
12. A．exercise B．explore
C．express D．explain
13. A．print B．write
C．sign D．count
14. A．slow B．steady
C．normal D．obvious
15. A．chair B．sponsor
C．attend D．organize
16. A．missed B．passed
C．gave up D．registered for
17. A．prohibited B．welcomed
C．ignored D．repeated
18. A．Lastly B．Thus
C．Instead D．However
19. A．required B．caused
C．allowed D．expected
20. A．easy B．popular C．quick D．new
[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己学习美式手语的经历和感受。
1．A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。searching 寻找的，探索的；planning 计划的；natural
自然的；formal 正式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据上文“While high
school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets
the stage for that exploration.”可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所以这里指的是作者“探
索”的过程。故选 A。
2．B 【解析】考查名词辨析。progress 进步；experience 经历；major 主修课目；
opinion 观点。句意：我发现有些东西使我的大学生活的经历变得更好。故选 B。
3．C 【解析】考查动词辨析。choose 选择；read 看，读；learn 学习；create 创
造。句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。故选 C。
4．D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。official 官方的；foreign 外国的；body 肢体的；
spoken 口语的。根据上文“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.”可知
作者的家人及朋友都听觉正常，因此作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。
spoken language 口语。故选 D。
5．A 【解析】考查名词辨析。love 热爱；concern 关心，顾虑；goal 目标；request
请求。句意：我没想到我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。上文中“I never felt an urge
to __3__ any sign language before.”表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据下文内
容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选 A。
6．C 【解析】考查名词辨析。meeting 会议；trip 旅行；story 故事；task 任务。
句意：故事发生在我上大学后的第一周。分析语境可知作者开始讲述在大学学习
手语的事情，故选 C。
7．B 【解析】考查动词辨析。record 记录；perform 表现，表演；recite 背诵；discuss
讨论。分析语境可知 ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故
选 B。
8．A 【解析】考查名词辨析。idea 想法；amount 数量；dream 梦想；reason 原
因。句意：手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者
当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助交流而设计的手势。故选 A。
9．D 【解析】考查动词辨析。disturb 打扰；support 支持；embarrass 使……难堪；
attract 吸引。分析语境可知，ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，不然作者也不会去学习手语。故选 D。
10．B 【解析】考查名词辨析。end 结束，末尾；past 过去；course 课程；distance
距离。句意：我所看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。in the past 在过去；固
定短语。故选 B。
11．D 【解析】考查动词辨析。show 展示；act 行动；say 说；want 想要。句意：
这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知：作者被手语吸引，想要进一步
了解；所以也有了下文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议和上手语课的经历。故选 D。
12．B 【解析】考查动词辨析。exercise 锻炼；explore 探索；express 表达；explain
解释。句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了 ASL
俱乐部的一次会议。故选 B。
13．C 【解析】考查动词辨析。print 打印；write 写；sign 签名；用手语表达；count
数。句意：那天我只学会了表达字母的手语。分析语境可知：作者第一次参加手
语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的表达字母表的手语。当故选 C。
14．A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。slow 缓慢的；steady 平稳的；normal 正常的；
obvious 明显的。句意：我并没有因为缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作
者只学会了表达字母的手语，所以进步是很慢的。故选 A。
15．C 【解析】考查动词辨析。chair 主持，使……入座；sponsor 赞助；attend
参加；organize 组织。句意：我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议，去学习我能学习
的一切。attend meetings 参加会议。故选 C。
16．D 【解析】考查动词辨析。miss 错过，想念；pass 通过；give up 放弃；register
for 报名，注册。句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选 D。
17．A 【解析】考查动词辨析。prohibit 禁止；welcome 欢迎；ignore 忽视；repeat
重复。句意：教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据下文“if there had
been any talking”可知在课堂上没有口语交流。故选 A。
18．C 【解析】考查副词辨析。lastly 最后，终于；thus 因此，如此；instead 反
而；however 然而。句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语
更少。根据上文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”可知作者很快意
识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影响手语的学习。故选 C。
19．B 【解析】考查动词辨析。require 要求；cause 造成；allow 允许；expect 期
待。句意：如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选 B。20．D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。easy 简单的；popular 受欢迎的；quick 快速的；
new 新的。句意：现在我很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。
分析语境可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故选 D。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edison and the Alexander Graham
Bells—but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented
the traffic light and the windshield wiper (雨刮器)？Shouldn't we know who they are?
Joan McLean thinks so.In fact ， McLean ， a professor of physics at Mountain
University in Range，feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on
the topic.In addition to learning “who” invented “what”，however，McLean also likes
her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions.According to
McLean，“When students learn the answers to these questions，they are better prepared
to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
Her students agree.One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is
walking proof of McLean's statement.“If I had not heard the story of the windshield
wiper's invention，” said Tommy Lee，a senior physics major.“I never would have
dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rain storm into something so
constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.
So，just what is the story behind the windshield wiper？Well，Mary Anderson
came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City.The day was cold and
stormy ， but Anderson still wanted to see the sights ， so she jumped aboard a
streetcar.Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the
windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a builtin device for
cleaning the window.Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham，
Alabama，Anderson started drafting out solutions.One of her ideas，a lever (操纵杆) on
the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside ， became the first
windshield wiper.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.It's hard to imagine
driving without Garrett A ． Morgan's traffic light.It's equally impossible to picture a
world without Katherine J．Blodgett's innovation that makes glass invisible.Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?
1 ． By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper” ， the author indicates that
countless inventions are ________.
A．beneficial，because their inventors are famous
B．beneficial，though their inventors are less famous
C．not useful，because their inventors are less famous
D．not useful，though their inventors are famous
2．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to ________.
A．add color and variety to students' campus life
B．inform students of the windshield wiper's invention
C．carry out the requirements by Mountain University
D．prepare students to try their own inventions
3．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was ________.
A．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer
B．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper
C．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm
D．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures
4．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A．How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers
B．How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window
C．Shouldn't We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper
D．Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities
[语篇解读] 这是一篇生活知识类文章。文章主要告诉我们生活中一些有利于我们
生活的小发明的发明者也一样值得我们牢记和感谢。并且他们的经历会激励人们
的发明创造思维。
1．B 【解析】判断推理题。根据文章第一段内容结合下文可推断，作者提到交
通信号灯、雨刮器等发明，是想说无数的发明对人类十分有益，虽然它们的发明
者没有太大的名气。故选 B。
2．D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“‘When students learn the
answers to these questions ， they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.’”可知，John McLean 教授开
设这门课程的目的就是让学生有足够的准备去尝试自己发明东西。故选 D。
3．B 【解析】细节理解题。通读文章第三段，并根据“If I had not heard…so
constructive.”可知，Tommy Lee 发明的“不会折断的雨伞”就是受到了雨刮器背
后的故事的激励。故选 B。
4．C 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就是主题段，特别是
第一段最后一句“Shouldn't we know who they are？”充分体现了作者想要表达的
心声，接下来的内容都是围绕第一段展开并为第一段服务的。故选 C。
B
(2019·高三摸底测试)Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but
nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.
But while it's long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽)—chemicals in the body
that cause happiness—are behind the socalled “runner's high”， a study suggested that
there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several
German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素)
may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.
Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids
after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels,
the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.
But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed. However,
when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, the runner's high
symptoms seemed to fade.
“The longheld notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner's high is
false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your
body and muscles you feel after working out ， ” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on a
science blog.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it's already well known that
exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.
The UK's National Health Service even prescribes(开药方) exercise for patients
who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off
being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and
it's especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression，” it wrote
on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we
don't fully understand where it comes from. At least if we're feeling down, we know
that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.
5．What did scientists from German universities recently discover?
A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.
B．The runner's high could be caused by endocannabinoids.
C．Endorphins may contribute to one's high spirits after running.
D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one's mood.
6．The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to ________.
A．find what reduces the runner's high symptoms
B．see the specific symptoms of the runner's high
C．identify what is responsible for the runner's high
D．test what influences the level of endocannabinoids
released
7．The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to ________.
A．effect B．goal
C．question D．belief
8．According to the UK's National Health Service, regular workouts ________.
A．are the best way to treat depression
B．can help ease depression symptoms
C．only work for those with serious depression
D．can help people completely recover from depression
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探究了影响运动者情绪高涨的因素。
5．B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“According to a recent study published …
may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.”可知，德国一些大学的科
学家们最近发现了跑步后的快感是由内源性大麻素引起的，故选 B。6．C 【解析】推理判断题。根据对第二段和第三段的整体理解，并结合第四段
中的“To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.”可推知，科学家们拿老鼠做实
验是为了确定究竟是哪种物质会引起跑步者的情绪高涨，故选 C。
7．D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据对全文内容的理解可知，该词所在句子与第二
段“But while it's long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽)… this phenomenon than
we previously knew.”呼应，并结合本句结构可推知，此处 notion 与 believed 相呼
应，故选 D。
8．B 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段和倒数第二段中的“Regular
exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it's especially useful for
people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression” 可知，常规锻炼有利于情绪好转，
缓解抑郁症状，故选 B。
Ⅲ.阅读理解七选五
(2019·广东省七校联合体高三第一次联考)We all have to make decisions all the
time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones.
Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. __1__ If you would like to
improve your skill of decisionmaking, here are four suggestions for you.
Don't expect to have it all.
__2__ You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths
not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few. You can imagine some “what if”
situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.
__3__
It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it. Research can
reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than
clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on
careful assessment of endless data.
Don't delay making decisions.
Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more
information. __4__ Or it's likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don't wait so
long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.
Don't be hard on yourself.
You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should
work out just right. Only you didn't expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. __5__ But please remember it is unavoidable
sometimes.
A．Don't spend too much time thinking.
B．It is an important source of information.
C．You may regret making such a stupid decision.
D．Don't count on emotion to make decisions.
E．Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.
F．Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.
G．That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不求
全，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误作决定和不要苛求自己。
1．G 【解析】根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句
“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions.”可知，不幸的是，人们经
常发现很难作决定；据此可以推断，作决定的技能很重要，故 G 项正确。空处下
文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。
2．F 【解析】根据该段小标题“Don't expect to have it all.”可知，该段主要论述“不
要求全”；结合空后的“You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will
be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few.”可知，作决定迫使我们关
上了其他可能的大门，故 F 项正确。
3．A 【解析】根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；结合本段第一、
二句“It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it.”可知，该段主
要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故 A 项正确。
4．E 【解析】根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处
与空前一句和空后一句都是延迟作决定的可能原因，故 E 项“你可能希望咨询你
的顾问”符合语境。
5．C 【解析】根据该段小标题“Don't be hard on yourself.”可知，不要太苛求自己；
再结合空后一句“But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.”可知，你要记住
这是不可避免的事情；据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会对你愚蠢的决定后
悔”，故 C 项正确。
Ⅳ.短文改错In our life ，we often regret what we did and what we couldn't do.Actually ，it
doesn't benefit you at all.As for most of us ， we missed many chance to earn more
money，to get a high position and to realize our dreams.We often regret that we don't
seize those opportunities，thus feel upset.Although we do know regretting the past is of
no benefit，but we still can't help doing it.
To avoid the problem below，we need to pay more attention to that we are doing
now, making us busier and having no time to recall the past.Moreover，we'd better set
reasonably goals one by one.Only by doing so can we struggle our future better.
【答案】
In our life，we often regret what we did and what we couldn't do.Actually，it
doesn't benefit you
us
at all.As for most of us，we missed many chance
chances
to earn more
money，to get a high
higher
position and to realize our dreams.We often regret that we don't
didn't
seize those opportunities，thus feel
feeling
upset.Although we do know regretting the past is
of no benefit，but＼ we still can't help doing it.
To avoid the problem below
above
，we need to pay more attention to that
what
we are doing
now，making us busier and having no time to recall the past.Moreover，we'd better set
reasonably
reasonable
goals one by one.Only by doing so can we struggle ∧
for
our future
better.
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