2020中考英语备考真题分类汇编:动词和动词短语(含解析)
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2020中考英语备考真题分类汇编:动词和动词短语(含解析)

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时间:2020-12-23

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1 专题十 动词和动词短语 ( )1.(2019 吉林)15.We always our classroom every Friday afternoon. A. clean up B. put up C. use up 【答案】A 【解析】句意“每个周五的下午我们经常打扫我们的教室”。A.打扫;B.张贴、举起、搭建、 留宿;C.用光。根据句意可知,表示“打扫教室”,故选 A。与 up 有关的短语: bring up 教育,培养 cheer up 使……开心 clean up 打扫 drink up 喝光 eat up 吃光 end up 结束 fix up 修理,修补 hang up 挂断电话 hurry up 赶快 get up 起床 give up 放弃 grow up 成长,长大 look up 查阅,向上看 make up 组成 mix up 把……混合到一起 open up 打开 pick up 捡起 put up 张贴,建造,举起 ring up 打电话 set up 搭建,建立 show up 出现 take up 开始从事 think up 想出 come up with 想出,提出 make up one’s mind 下决心 ( )2.(2019 辽宁省铁岭)10.My cousin volunteers in the Children's Home.His job is to food and clothes. 2 A. sell out B. work out C. hand out D. find out 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我表哥在“儿童之家”当义工。他的工作是分发食物和衣服。考查动词短语 辨析。A. 卖光;B. 想出;C. 发放;D. 发现。根据 My cousin volunteers in the Children's Home.可知 hand out food and clothes 符合句意,故选 C。 ( )3.(2019 辽宁省铁岭)4.The cover of the book comfortable.It's made of silk. A. tastes B. feels C. looks D. sounds 【答案】B 【解析】句意:这本书的封面摸起来很舒服。它是丝绸做的。考查系动词辨析。A. 尝起来, 表味觉;B.感觉,表触觉;C.看起来,表视觉;D.听起来,表听觉。comfortable 舒服的, 根据 It's made of silk.可知 ACD 三项意思都不合句意,故选 B。 ( ) 4.(2019 辽 宁 省 葫 芦 岛 市)13.Every evening my father ______ newspapers while my mother watche s TV. A.puts up B.looks for C.gives away D.looks through 【答案】D 【解答】根据句意:每天晚上我爸爸看报纸,我妈妈看电视.结合选项,A.举起B.寻找C.分 发D.浏览,选项D符合题意.故选:D. ( ) 5.(2019 辽 宁 省 葫 芦 岛 市)5.New energy cars have been ______ to cut down air pollution. A.discovered B.found C.invented D.refused 【答案】C 【解析】四个选项都是过去分词,该句用的是现在完成的被动语态结构,即have been done.A表示发现,B表示找到,C表示发明,D表示拒绝.根据题干可知为了减少空气污染,发 明了新能源汽车.故选:C. ( )6.(2019 河北)31. On the first day of Chinese New Year, we_________ new clothes and visit people. 3 A. pick up B. put on C. take off D. throw away 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。结合语境翻译为“中国新年的第一天,我们穿上新衣服然后走 亲访友”。A、C、D 分别为捡起、脱下;起飞、扔掉,不符合题意,故选 B. ( )7.(2019 河南)You can’t change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. What_____is what you do, not what you know. A. includes B. decides C. means D. matters 【答案】D 【解析】句意:读书不能改变你是谁,看视频也不能改变你的行为举止。重要的是你做了什 么,而不是你知道什么。A:include“包括” ;B: decide“决定”;C: mean“打算”;D: matter"有关系;要紧”,故选 D。 ( )8.(2019 河南)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grandma together. A. pick; up B. turn; down C.let; downD. cheer; up 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我让我的父亲 6:30 在校门口接我,以便我们一起去看望祖母。A:pick 叩“捡 起;
接某人” ;B:tum down"(音量)调小;拒绝” ;C:let down"失望” ;D:cheer up“振 作”,故选 A。 ( )9.(2019 内蒙古包头市)28. Stephen Hawking has _______great success as a scientist. A. allowed B. achieved C. practiced D. promised 【答案】B 【解析】A表示允许,B表示实现、取得,C表示练习,D表示承诺、允诺.根据题干可知作为 一名科学家,斯蒂芬霍金取得了巨大的成功.故选:B. ( )10.(2019 甘肃武威)Don’t forget to____the lights when they are not in use! 4 A.turn over B.turn off C.turn up D.turn on 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意:别忘了把不用的灯关掉!考查 forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事,A.翻 阅 B.关掉 C.调大 D.打开,选项 B 符合题意.故选:B. ( )11.(2019 内蒙古包头市)29. Everything from how we cook meat to what we eat for dinner can _____our brain health. A. take pride in B. have an interest in C. play a role in D. believe in 【答案】C 【解析】根据句意:从我们如何烹饪肉类到晚餐吃什么,一切都对我们的大脑健康起作用. 结合选项,A.以…为自豪B.对..有兴趣C.起作用于D.相信,选项C符合题意.故选:C. ( )12.(2019 重庆 A 卷)26. Next week, each student in the class ____ a small gift from their teachers. A. receives B. received C. will receive D. has received 【答案】C 【解析】由时间状语“ Next week”可推知,此处要用一般将来时。C ( )13.(2019 湘潭)15.My English teacher took a photo of me while I______at the sports meeting. A.run B.was running C.ran 【答案】B 【解析】whlie 当…时候,本句话的意思当我正在跑步时,老师拍了照片,是进行时形式, 又因为 took 是一般过去时,所以用过去进行时.故选:B. ( )14.(2019 内蒙古包头市)33. —Why did you leave that position? —I ______a better position in another factory. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 【答案】D 【解析】根据问句为一般过去时态故回答用一般过去时态回答,又知主语l是谓语动词offer 5 的承受者二者形成被动关系,故确定为被动语态,故答语的谓语动词为一般过去时态的被动 语态,其结构为was/were+过去分词,故填入was offered. ( )15.(2019 福建)1.There a large bowl of jiaozi on the table. A. is B. are C. be 【答案】A 【解析】句意“在桌子上有一大碗饺子”。there be 句型遵循“就近一致”原则,即 be 动 词与空后最近的主语保持一致。根据空后 a large bowl“一大碗”可知,用单数 is,故选 A。 ( )16.(2019 山西)23. Parents should let children home and find more about the world.After all, birds should fly freely in the sky. A. leave B. enter C. reach 【答案】A 【解析】句意:父母应该让孩子离开家去发现更多的世界。毕竟,小鸟应该在天空中自 由地飞翔。 ( )17.(2019 天津)20.We should making a noise in the library. A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy 【答案】A 【解析】在图书馆我们应该避免制造噪音.考查动词词义辨析,根据题目意思,在图书 馆我们应该避免制造噪音.需要填入一个动词,与后文的 making a noise 相匹配,意思 是"避免制造噪音",用 avoid doing sth 表示"避免做某事",即,avoid making a noise.故选:A. ( )18.(2019 山西)27. Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain. Whatever difficulties you meet, don’t . Just move on. A. set off B. come out C. give up 【答案】C 【解析】句意:为你的梦想奋斗就像登一座山,不管遇到什么样的困难,不要放弃,一直前 进。 6 ( )19.(2019 山西)29. — After the big exams, we can finally have a good relax. — How I a chance to have a chance to have a trip! I can’t wait. A.am worried about B. am thirsty for C. am good at 【答案】B 【解析】句意:这场大考试之后,我们终于可以好好休息一下了。我多渴望有一个机会去有 一次旅途,我等不及了。 ( )20. (2019 内蒙古包头市)23. He rides a bike to work every day in order to keep in __________. A. support B. service C. surface D. shape 【答案】D 【解析】support支持;service服务;surface表面;shape形状,keep in shape保持体形, 根据语境可知每天骑车上班应该是为了保持身材.故选:D. ( )21.(2019 山东菏泽)7.—Lucy, when you leave the room, please ____the light. —OK, Mom. A. put off B. turn off C. turn up 【答案】B 【解析】句意:-Lucy,当你离开房间的时候,请关上灯。-好的,妈妈。 put off 推迟; turn off 关掉; turn up 出现;开大。根据句意 when you leave the room, please…the light 可知,turn off 符合语境,故选:B。 ( )22. (2019 山东临沂) Roy works in London. It___________ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day. A costs B. spends C. takes 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:罗伊在伦敦工作。他每天乘公共汽车去上班大约需要半个小 时。。此处是句类型:It takes time to do sth. 的搭配。故选 C。 ( )23.(2019 山东临沂)Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and_____ the money to a children's home. 7 A. gave away B. gave up c. gave out 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了她的一些东西,把钱捐 给了一个儿童之家。give away 捐赠;give up 放弃;give out 分发。根据句意“卖掉东西” 和“儿童之家”可知是“捐赠”。故选 A。 ( )24.(2019 扬州)12. —Honey, come and help me _____ the picture of balloons from the magazine. —OK, Granny. I’m coming. A. carry out B. work out C. cut out D. hand out 【答案】C 【解析】carry out 执行;work out 计算出,解决;cut out 剪出;hand out 分发 ( )25.(2019 福建)9.My deskmate and I are going to a talk show at the party to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland. A. hand in B. put on C. take out 【答案】B 【解析】句意“我和我的同桌打算在派对上表演一个脱口秀来庆祝我们祖国 70 岁生日”。 A.上交;B.表演、增重、穿上;C.取出。根据句意可知,表示在派对上表演脱口秀,故选 B。 ( )26.(2019 天津)28.If you want to join the Music Club. the form, please. A.go out B.fill out C.get up D.warm up 【答案】B 【解析】如果你想要加入音乐俱乐部,请填好表格.考查动词短语,根据题目意思,如果你 想要加入音乐俱乐部,请填好表格.需要填入一个动词短语,表示"填入",用 fill out.故 选:B. ( )27.(2019 广西贵港)19.﹣﹣﹣Joe, don't eat too much ice﹣cream. ﹣﹣﹣OK, mom.But it really good. A.feels B.looks C.tastes D.sounds 【答案】C 8 【解析】feel 感觉起来;look 看起来;taste 尝起来;sound 听起来;四个词都是感官动 词,根据句子里 don't eat too much ice﹣cream,不要吃太多冰淇淋可知冰淇淋是好吃 的,用感官动词 taste.故选:C. ( )28.(2019 江苏南京)10.Read the sentence. "I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret." The underlined word"because" is used to _____. A.connect ideas B.create new words C.show time D.give examples 【答案】A 【解析】读这个句子"我什么都能告诉她因为她能保守秘密".下划线的单词"因为"用于" 连接想法".connect ideas"连接想法";create new words"创建新词";show time"表演 时间";giveexamples"举例子",四者都是动词短语.由题干"读这个句子"我什么都能告 诉她因为她能保守秘密".下划线的单词"因为"用于"连接想法"."可知,空格是"连接想 法",用 connect ideas,因此答案应是 connect ideas. 故选:A. ( )29.(2019 江苏南京)12.Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _____which university is the best for her to attend. A.put out B.stay out C.find out D.run out 【答案】C 【解析】蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化,找出哪所大学最适合她.put out 扑灭,stay out 留在户外,find out 发现,找出,run out 用光,根据句意"蒂娜来中国是为了体验中 国文化,找出哪所大学最适合她"可知,要用"找出,发现",其它选项语意不通. 故选:C. ( )30.(2019 福建)My deskmate and I are going to a talk show at the party to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland. A. hand in B. put on C. take out 【答案】B 考查动词词组的词意辨析:hand in 上交;put on 上演,穿上,增重;take out 带出去。 题意为 “我的同桌和我打算上演一个谈话节目来庆祝祖国的 70 周年诞辰”,故选 B。 ( )31.(2019 四川达州)8.﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____,Cindy? ﹣In Beijing, the capital of China,the first city to host both Summer and Winter 9 Olympics. A. be taken place B. take place C. take part D. be taken part 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——2022 年冬季奥运会将在哪里举行,辛迪?——北京,中国的首都,第一 个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。考查动词语态辨析。take part in 参加;take place 举行/发生,没有被动语态。根据句意语境,可知 take place 符合句意,需用主动形式表被 动意义,故选:B。 ( )32.(2019 四川达州)9.﹣Can I____ Robinson Crusoe? Mrs Zhao. ﹣Sure, it's very interesting, but you can only ____it for two weeks. A. borrow; lend B. lend;borrow C. borrow;keep D. lend;keep 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我可以借《鲁宾逊漂流记》吗?——当然,它很有趣,但是你只能借两 个星期。 考查动词辨析。borrow 借入,短暂性动词;lend 借出,短暂性动词;keep 保持,这里强调 保管,延续性动词。Can I borrow Robinson Crusoe?强调借入,所以前句用 borrow;后句 句中 for two weeks 是一段持续的时间,第二个空需用延续性动词 keep.故选:C。 ( )33.(2019湖南湘西州)27. 一Tony,it's cold outside. your coat when you go out. 一All right,Mom. A.Put up B.Put off C.Put on 【答案】C 【解析】-Tony, 外 面 很 冷 . 出 去 的 时 候 穿 上 你 的 外 套 . -好 的 , 妈 妈 . put up 搭 建 ; 建 起 ; put off 推 迟 ; put on 穿 上 . 结 合 语 境 : -Tony, 外 面 很 冷 . 出 去 的 时 候 穿 上 你 的 外 套 . put on 符 合 语 境 . 故 选 : C. ( ) 34.(2019 内 蒙 古 )9. I really need to take more exercise because I’m _______weight. A. putting down B. putting on C. putting off D. putting away 10 【答案】B 【解析】我 真 的 需 要 多 锻 炼 因 为 我 长 胖 了 . put off"推 迟 "; put on"穿 上 ; 增 加 ";put down"放 下 ";put away"放 好 ". 根 据 need to take more exercise 可 知 , 因 为 我 体 重 增 加 , 所 以 需 要 减 肥 , 故 选 : B. ( )35.(2019 哈尔滨市)9.—Some students don t know how to ____ worries. —They can ask their teachers and parents for help。 A belong to B. deal with C. call in 【答案】B 【解析】结合答语可推知,此处指一些学生不知道怎样处理焦虑。belong to 意为“属 于”,deal with 意为“处理”,call in 意为“来访”。 ( )36.(2019 内蒙古)3. —Jack, let’s have a picnic after school. —Sorry. I have ______Frank to work on the biology report with him. A. Advise B. expected C. suggested D. promised 【答案】D 【解析】-杰 克 , 放 学 后 我 们 去 野 餐 吧 . -抱 歉 . 我 答 应 弗 莱 克 和 他 一 起 做 生 物 学 报 告 .A 表 示 建 议 ,B 表 示 期 待 、盼 望 ,C 表 示 建 议 ,D 表 示 承 诺 、允 诺 .根 据 题 干 中 Sorry 可 知 杰 克 不 能 放 学 后 去 野 餐 ,因为 他 承 诺 弗 莱 克 和 他 一 起 去 做 生 物 学 报 告 , 其 中 promise sb. to do sth. 表 示 承 诺 某 人 做 某 事 . 故 选 : D ( )37.(2019 广西贵港)25.﹣﹣﹣The oil on the earth will one day. ﹣﹣﹣I think so. We should make good use of it. A.find out B.work out C.give out D.run out 【答案】D 【解析】find out 查明,work out 计算出,give out 分发,run out 耗尽;根据句意"地球 上的石油总有一天会耗尽的"可知,要填"耗尽",其它选项语意不通.故选:D. ( )38.(2019 广西贵港)26.﹣﹣﹣I heard that Paul hurt himself badly in the earthquake. ﹣﹣﹣Yes.The doctor had to his right leg to save him. 11 A.cut up B.cut out C.cut off D.cut down 【答案】C 【解析】cut up 切碎,cut out 停止,裁剪,cut off 切除,cut down 砍到;根据句意"是的, 医生不得不切掉他的右腿来救他"可知,要填"切除",其它选项语意不通.故选:C. ( )39.(2019 广西河池)28.Zhang Lan usually looks after her little brother at home when her mother is away. A.looks up B.looks out C.looks over D.takes care of 【答案】D 【解析】句意:妈妈不在家时,张兰通常在家照看她的小弟弟.look up 查询;向上看;look out 小心;look over 仔细检查;take care of 照顾.look after 意为照顾;与 take care of 意思相同. 故选:D. ( ) 40.(2019 湖 南 岳 阳 )The volunteers_____the sick kids in the hospital on weekends. A.look after B.look for C.look through 【答案】A 【解析】look after 照顾; look for 寻找; look through 浏览;温习.结合语境:志愿 者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子.look after 符合语境. 故选:A. ( )41.(2019 辽宁沈阳)5.Last week,some students an English play at Rosie Bridge School. A. put out B. put away C. put on D. put up 【答案】C 【解析】句意:上周,一些学生在罗西布里奇学校上演了一出英语剧。 考查动词短语辨析。put out 熄灭; put away 放好,把…收起来;put on 穿上,上演;put up 举起,粘贴。an English play 英语剧,根据句意语境,可知 ABD 三项意思都不合句意, 故选 C。 ( )42.(2019 辽宁沈阳)7.A hanfu show in Museum of History next week. 12 A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. has been held 【答案】C 【解析】句意:汉服表演下周将在历史博物馆举行。 考查动词语态辨析。nextweek 下周,用于一般将来时;show 是动词 hold(举行)的受动者, 需用被动语态,可排除 ABD 三项。根据句意结构,可知选 C。 ( )43.(2019 湖南岳阳)It's reported that Notre﹣Dame de Paris(巴黎圣母院)_____in April 2019. A.was burnt B.is burnt C.be burnt 【答案】A 【解析】主语 Notre﹣Dame de Paris 和谓语"烧毁"是被动关系,再根据句意"据报道巴黎圣 母院于 2019 年 4 月被烧毁"可知,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为 was/ were done. 故选:A. ( )44.. (2019 山东临沂)—I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food? —Of course! There_________ a restaurant around the corner. A. will be B. was C. is 【答案】C 【解析】考查 there be 句型。句意:—我饿了。你知道我们在哪里可以买到好食物吗? —当然有!拐角处有一家餐馆。 根据句意可知用一般现在时,而 there be 结构中,be 动词 与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致,本句主语为 a restaurant,为单数,故选 C。 ( ) 45. ( 2019 甘 肃 武 威 ) 14. A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and_____with a special Party. A. celebrates B .is celebrated C. was celebrated D.will celebrate 13 【答案】B 【解析】主语 A baby's first month birthday 和动词"庆祝"是被动关系,再根据句意"婴儿 的满月在中国是一项特别事情,并且有一个特别的聚会来庆祝"可知,要用一般现在时的 被动语态,其构成为 am/ is/ are done,其它选项不符合语法. 故选:B. ( )46.(2019 福建)12.--- Look! My mother a new dress for me. --- Wow, it looks very nice on you. A. is making B. has made C. will make 【答案】B 【解析】句意“-看!我的妈妈已经为我做了一件裙子。-你穿起来很好看”。本题考查时态。 A.现在进行时;B.现在完成时;C.一般将来时。根据 it looks very nice on you 可知,表 示动作发生在过去,即妈妈过去为我做裙子,对现在造成的影响是“现在你穿起来很好 看”,用现在完成时,故选 B。 ( )47.(2019 辽宁省铁岭)8.Rainy days make me relaxed.I love drinking tea while it . A. was raining B. is raining C. has rained D. rained 【答案】B 【解析】句意:雨天使我放松。我喜欢在下雨的时候喝茶。 考查动词时态辨析。while 当的时候,表示主从动作同时发生,多用进行时态,可排除 CD 两项。主句 love drinking tea 是一般现在时,从句不可用过去时,可排除 A 项。根据句意 结构和语境,可知选 B。 ( )48.(2019 辽宁省铁岭)13.The Chinese traditional poems to spread by popular singers. A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung 【答案】D 【解析】句意:中国传统诗歌是由流行歌手传唱的。 考查动词语态辨析。主语 The Chinese traditional poems 是复数人称,是动词 sing(唱) 14 的受动者,需用“are sung”被动语态结构,故选 D。

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