荆州市 2019 年高中二年级学年质量检查
英语试题
注意事项：
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码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
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试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
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答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂
到答题卡上。
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是 C。
1.How much will the man pay for his flight?
A.$460. B.$500. C.$560.
2.What did the woman enjoy most?
A.Having a picnic. B.Swimming and fishing. C.Staying with her parents.
3.How will the woman go to her husband's hometown?
A.By plane. B.By train. C.By car.
4.Who probably is the woman?
A.Mr.Smith's wife. B.Mr.Smith's secretary. C.Mr.Bryan's friend.
5.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.At a gas station. B.At a theater. C.At a restaurant.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，
各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6.What are the speakers doing?
A.Cycling. B.Running. C.Driving.
7.How can the woman know so much about the weather?
A.She used to be a farmer.
B.She is good at geography.
C.She grew up in the countryside.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8.When did the man order the present?
A On November 30th. B.On December 4th. C.On December 5th.
9.What will Laura probably give her mother?
A.A sweater. B.A scarf. C.Some jewelry.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10.Why is the man not going to work today?
A.He has a cold. B.He has a toothache. C.He injures his head.
11.What do we know about the man?
A.He is a smoker. B.He will quit smoking. C.He is staying in bed now.
12.What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Stay in bed and give up smoking.
B.Put his nose over the boiling water and breathe in.
C.Drink some warm boiled water and take a deep breath.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13.What is the man doing?
A.Checking in. B.Checking out. C.Booking a room.
14.How soon will the man get to the airport?
A.In about 15 minutes. B.In about 25 minutes. C.In about 40 minutes.
.15.Who can help the man load his bags onto the shuttle?
A.The woman. B.The driver. C.The porter.
16.How does the man feel about the service of the hotel?
A.Disappointed. B.Indifferent. C.Satisfied.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.What is the speaker trying to do?
A.Introduce the school cafeteria.
B.Advertise the school cafeteria.
C.Give advice on the school cafeteria.
18.What does the speaker think of the menu?
A.It's healthy. B.It's dull. C.It's special.
19.Why don't some students eat in the cafeteria?
A.The prices are high. B.The food is tasteless. C.The kitchen is untidy.
20.What does the speaker say about the cafeteria?
A.The staff there are friendly.
B.It's made a few changes to the menu.
C.Students have to wait there for a seat.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Central Library: Seattle, Washington, United States
Designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Ramus, it
is modern and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visits and
taking tours.Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening.The library holds
various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by
the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.
Trinity College Library: Dublin, Ireland
The oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I, it is the
largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room, which contains more than 200,000 of the library's oldest books.The Long Room houses one of the oldest
harps(竖琴) in Ireland.Dating back to the 15th century, the old harp is the model
for the symbol of Ireland.
Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United States
At first glance, it looks like a spaceship.Architect William Pereira, who helped
design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas, designed
the library in 1970.It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories and novels.The
library hosts “Dinner in the Library”, which invites readers for cocktails, and
also a special speech from distinguished authors.
TU Delft Library: Delft, The Netherlands
The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and
has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.The
building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can't really see the actual
library.What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill.The roof covers
5,500 square meters.And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures
in the area.
1. Which of the four libraries has the longest history?
A. Central Library. B. Trinity College Library.
C. Geisel Library. D. TU Delft Library.
2. What makes Geisel Library different from the other 3 libraries?
A. The fact that it is modern and fashionable.
B. The fact that it houses the oldest harp.
C. The fact that it has a grassy roof.
D. The fact that it has appeared in sci-fi movies.
3. What makes TU Delft Library difficult to see?
A. Its shape. B. Its location.
C. Its material. D. Its collection.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上四个设计有特色的图书馆。【1 题详解】
细节理解题。由文章可知，Central Library 没有提到建造年份；Trinity College Library 建
于 1592 年；Geisel Library 建于 1970 年；TU Delft Library 建于 1997 年。故 Trinity College
Library 的历史最长。故选 B。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。由“Geisel Library”中的 It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories
andnovels.（它曾出现在科幻电影、短篇小说和小说中。）可知该图书馆的特别之处是这个图
书馆出现在科幻电影中，而其他图书馆均未提到类似活动，故 D 选项正确。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中 The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can't
really see the actual library.（建筑本身就在地下，所以你不能真正看到真正的图书馆。）
可知 TU Delft 的位置使它很难看到。故选 B。
B
Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged
102.Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered
for a European project: his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s.
Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history,
and initially his designs were fiercely opposed.But in the end, the French — and
everyone else — were won over.His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in
1989, is now one of Paris' most famous landmarks.
Pei was born in China in 1917 into a wealthy family.His father was a banker.His
artistic mother—a calligrapher and musician—had the greater influence on
him.Despite not speaking English, he moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at
Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard.He worked as a research scientist for the US government
during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in
1955.He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous
masterpieces—the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar—in his 80s.
He has designed buildings, hotels, schools and other structures across North
America, Asia and Europe.His other work includes Dallas City Hall and Japan's Miho Museum.His style was influenced by his love of Islamic architecture.His favoured
building materials were glass and steel, with a combination of concrete.
He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings, including the AIA Gold
Medal, the Praemium Imperiale for Architecture.In 1983 Pei was given the fifth
Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful
interior spaces and exterior forms.He used his $100,000 prize money to start a
scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.In person,
Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.
4. What do we know about Pei and his work on the Louvre Museum?
A. The French approved of his designs at first.
B. Pei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.
C. Pei made use of glass in his designs.
D. Pei retired after completing the work.
5. Which is the correct order of time for the following facts in the passage?
①He received the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
②He founded his own firm.
③He created the Museum of Islamic Art.
④He worked as a research scientist.
A. ①③②④ B. ④①②③
C. ④②①③ D. ①④③②
6. What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage?
A. Productive and humorous. B. Generous and modest.
C. Determined and outgoing. D. Attractive and responsible.
7. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Louvre Pyramid Architect Dies Aged 102 B. Prizes Awarded to Pei
C. Landmarks Created by Pei D. A Famous Architect Passed Away
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。
【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989,
is now one of Paris' most famous landmarks.（卢浮宫外的玻璃金字塔于 1989 年完工，现在
是巴黎最著名的地标之一。）可知贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。故选 C。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中 He worked as a research scientist for the US government during
World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955.（二战
期间，他曾为美国政府担任研究科学家，1955 年，他创办了自己的公司，之后成为一名建筑
师。）可知贝聿铭为美国政府担任研究科学家，之后 1955 年成了自己的公司；根据最后一段
中 In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th
century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.（1983 年，贝聿铭
被授予第五届普利兹克建筑奖，以表彰他为 20 世纪创造了一些最美丽的室内空间和外部形
式。）可知贝聿铭在 63 岁时被授予普利兹克建筑奖；根据第三段最后一句 He carried on
working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpieces—the Museum
of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar—in his 80s.（他一直工作到晚年，80 多岁时创作了他最著名
的杰作之一——卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。）可知贝聿铭 80 多岁创作了卡塔尔多哈的
伊斯兰艺术博物馆。故顺序为④②①③，选 C。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句 He used his $100,000 prize money to start a
scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.（他用 10 万美元
奖金为中国学生在美国学习建筑设立了一个奖学金基金。）可知贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的；以
及文章最后一句 In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and
unusually modest.（就个人而言，贝聿铭总是衣着整洁，脾气好，富有魅力，而且非常谦
虚。）可知贝聿铭很谦虚。故选 B。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句 Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist
architects, has died aged 102.（贝聿铭，最后一位伟大的现代主义建筑师之一，去世，享
年 102 岁。）以及文章主要为介绍贝聿铭的生平事迹可知 A 选项符合题意。故选 A。
C
It is calculated that some of the world's 7, 000 languages are in danger of getting extinct.“For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with
only 10 native speakers remaining” said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the
University of Cambridge in England.
The scientists found that 25 percent of the world's languages are threatened.After
identifying where the endangered languages were, they looked for any environmental
and social or economic factors those languages might have in common, such as poor
areas or rapid population growth.“We find that at the global scale, language speaker
declines(减少) are strongly linked to economic growth—that is, declines are
particularly occurring in economically developed regions,” Amano said.
“One important finding of this new study is that languages in the tropics and
Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly threatened in the near future, because
these regions still have many local indigenous languages(本地语) with a small number
of speakers, and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth,” Amano
said.
Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons.For instance,
speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language as offering
economic opportunities, and thus forego their own languages.“There are other
important factors that might endanger languages,” the researchers said.For instance,
policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be very different
among countries and even within each country, and these factors may explain more
detailed patterns in language endangerment.
Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future threats to the diversity
of languages.“There exists detailed information on future changes in the environment,
economies and climates,” Amano said.“Using such information, together with the
findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will
happen to the world's languages, where it will happen and which languages will be
threatened in particular.”
8. Why is the language of Ainu mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. To show that it is most likely to disappear in the future
B. To prove that Japanese is now seriously threatenedC. To show that few people speak Japanese in the world
D. To prove that Japanese is made up of many languages
9. What may endanger the languages most according to Amano?
A. The diversity of society. B. The decline of the population.
C. The improvement of the environment. D. The development of economy.
10. What does the underlined word “forego” probably mean?
A. Employ. B. Desert.
C. Record. D. Advance.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The world's languages are developing at a rapid speed.
B. The study may be of use in stopping languages dying out.
C. It is rather hard for us to protect the diversity of languages.
D. Future threats to the diversity of languages are unpredictable.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。据统计，世界上 7000 种语言中有一些濒临灭绝。文章主要讲述了世界上有
很多语言面临灭绝的现状，分析了造成语言面临灭绝的原因。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段 It is calculated that some of the world's 7, 000 languages are
in danger of getting extinct. “For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now
seriously threatened, with only 10 native speakers remaining”可知提到世界上许多语言
面临着灭绝的危险，接着以日本的阿伊努语为例，这说明该语言在未来有可能消失。故第 1
段提到阿伊努语是为了表明它很可能在未来消失。故选 A。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“We find that at the global scale, language speaker
declines( 减 少 ) are strongly linked to economic growth—that is, declines are
particularly occurring in economically developed regions,” Amano said.可知，Amano
认为经济的发展有可能引起某种语言的使用人数减少，使得这种语言濒临灭绝。故选 D。
【10 题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文 Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons.
For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language
asofferingeconomicopportunities,andthus…可知由于种种原因，经济增长可能危及语言。
例如，濒危语言的使用者可能认为另一种更受欢迎的语言提供了经济机会，因此放弃了自己
的语言。故可推测划线单词意思为“放弃；舍弃”。A. Employ.雇用；B. Desert.舍弃；C.
Record.记录；D. Advance.前进。故选 B。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Using such information, together with the findings
of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happen to
the world's languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened
in particular.”（“利用这些信息，结合这项研究的结果和进一步的分析，我们希望了解世
界上的语言将会发生什么，将在哪里发生，以及哪些语言将受到特别的威胁。”）可知，这项
研究可能有助于阻止语言的消亡。故选 B。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用 refer to，be called 或
that’s to say，such as 等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same
as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because 等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面
部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，
同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注
意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、
位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第三小题，根据上文 Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of
reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular
language as offering economic opportunities, and thus…可知由于种种原因，经济增长
可能危及语言。例如，濒危语言的使用者可能认为另一种更受欢迎的语言提供了经济机会，
因此放弃了自己的语言。故可推测划线单词意思为“放弃；舍弃”。A. Employ.雇用；B. Desert.舍弃；C. Record.记录；D. Advance.前进。故选 B。
D
While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects
associated with it.
Why isn't complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with
negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat
a thought negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to
pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type
of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become
habits.
Yet the harmful effects don't stop there.A study shows that complaining causes
the hippocampus(海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become
smaller.
In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone:
cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly
having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar,
and lower immunity(免疫力).
The ill effects of our complaining aren't just limited to ourselves: they also
involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason,
we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude(感
恩).Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research
shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and
blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure
for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical
well-being.
What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in
the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better
,all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.
12. What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?
A. The diseases caused by complaining.
B. The decrease of a vital part of our brain.
C. The bad effects of complaining on brain power.
D. The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.
13. What can we know about cortisol from the passage?
A. Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.
B. Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.
C. Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.
D. Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.
14. What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?
A. Grateful. B. Tolerant.
C. Disapproving. D. Skeptical.
15. Where can the passage most probably appear?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a medical report.
C. On a website. D. In a radio program.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用 海马区变小。除了
造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙:皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、
高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。
【12 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段 Yet the harmful effects don't stop there. A study shows that
complaining causes the hippocampus which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to
become smaller.（然而，有害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起
重要作用的海马区变小。）以及第二段主要解释了抱怨如何对大脑产生消极影响的。故可知第
2-3 段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选 C。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句 Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in
的high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.（持续高水平的皮质醇会导
致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。）可知皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选 D。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句 For this reason, we should be cautious about having
stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.（基于这个原因，我们应该小心在我
们的朋友圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、反对的。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句 Please share your thoughts in the comments section
below.（请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出现在一张网页上。故选 C。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some children do some housework, such as sweeping the floor, doing dishes, taking
out the rubbish and so on. ___16___.
The logic behind tying rewards to housework is clear. ___17___. So they should
pay kids to do their jobs. Paying kids for housework is one of the most hotly debated
parenting topics.
Many people are in favor of this practice. They believe that getting rewards
motivates kids to do housework, and it also teaches them real world lessons about
how we need to work to earn money. “Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards,”
says Chris Bergman, founder of Chore Monster. “____18____.”
___19___. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by
rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn’t worth doing unless
you get something in return. “____20____, since home is a living space for everyone
in the family. It’s important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in
the house, and that families decide together how they want their home to look, and
how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look,” Susie said.
A.But some people think otherwise.
B.Grownups get paid to do their jobs.
C.Paying kids is sending a bad message.D.In exchange, they get some pocket money.
E.However, other people subscribe to the view.
F.Running any kind of household is a team effort.
G.Kids need positive rewards to help motivate them.
【答案】16. D 17. B
18. G 19. A
20. F
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了对给孩子奖赏作为对他们做家务的报酬，不同的人有不同
的看法。
【16 题详解】
根据下文 Paying kids for chores 可知这里说家长给孩子们报酬作为做家务的酬劳，能够起
总领下文作用，所以 D 选项：In exchange, they get some pocket money. “作为回报，家
长给孩子们零花钱或者其他奖励”符合，故选 D。
【17 题详解】
根据上文提到给孩子们报酬作为他们做家务的酬劳是有逻辑的，所以 B 选项：Grownups get
paid to do their jobs.“成人工作可以得到报酬”，因而他们也应该付钱给做家务的孩子，
故选 B。
【18 题详解】
根据上文 Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards“我们的目标是鼓励孩子获得奖
励”可知 G. Kids need positive rewards to help motivate them. “孩子们需要积极的强化去
鼓励他们”能够进一步解释说明，故选 G。
【19 题详解】
根据下文 Susie Walton 的观点可知他觉得每个人都是家里的一份子，都有责任做家务，可见
他不觉得孩子们应该为做家务得到奖赏，所以 A 选项：But some people think otherwise.（但
有些人不这么认为。）符合，故选 A。
【20 题详解】
根据下文 since home is a living space for everyone in the family.（因为家是每个家庭成员
的生活空间。）可推知管理任何一种家庭都需要团队的努力，因为家是每个家庭成员的生活空
间。故 F 选项符合语境。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
One month ago, Sarah bought a lipstick(口红) she had desired. It's not
____21____, but it made her happy, because it was the one that she had been ____22____
since she saw it.
Every morning, when she ____23____ her makeup, everything seems brand new due to
this lipstick. It feels like that the whole day is full of ____24____. Sarah has long
been accustomed to ____25____ herself through shopping. And this desire for material
possession ____26____ her to work hard. She feels ____27____ about this. Her
____28____ keeps getting better all because of this kind of desire. But her mother
thinks quite ____29____.
Several days ago, when her mother came to know the ____30____ of the lipstick,
they kept ____31____ for almost a whole day. Her mother thought that it was ____32____
wrong to spend so much on such meaningless items, while Sarah thought her mother was
totally____33____ about it.
What Sarah didn't know was that her mother had once been a little girl who had
____34____ in poverty and starvation. That little girl could not find enough clothes
to ____35____ in winter. That girl needed to learn how to spend every penny ____36____
it were two in order to survive.
It's just ____37____ that two people can't understand each other, even for mother
and daughter, because everybody's ____38____ is different.
Try to be patient with the people around you. Try to get to ____39____ them. Try
to stand in their shoes. If you can not listen to people, how can you ____40____ them
to listen to you?
21. A. dear B. cheap C. famous D. handy
22. A. longing for B. heading for C. leaving for D. paying
for23. A. puts off B. puts away C. puts on D. puts back
24. A. anxiety B. hate C. laughter D. hope
25. A. rewarding B. devoting C. adapting D.
forgiving
26. A. warns B. persuades C. begs D. drives
27. A. cautious B. good C. stressed D. negative
28. A. career B. relationship C. life D. study
29. A. firmly B. differently C. logically D.
obviously
30. A. quality B. brand C. material D. price
31. A. waiting B. quarreling C. shopping D.
gossiping
32. A. probably B. approximately C. slightly D.
completely
33. A. unreasonable B. uncomfortable C. enthusiastic D. curious
34. A. turned up B. broken up C. grown up D. kept up
35. A. wear B. sell C. exchange D. clean
36. A. even though B. in case C. as if D. so that
37. A. unlikely B. necessary C. strange D. natural
38. A. experience B. knowledge C. character D. family
39. A. move B. forgive C. know D. copy
40. A. force B. expect C. order D. advise
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C
29. B 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. D 38.
A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。正在实习期的 Sarah 给自己买了一个不算便宜的口红。她很开心，一
直以来，Sarah 都习惯用各种消费来犒劳自己。她认为这样才能刺激她更加努力地工作。但她
妈妈得知口红的价格之后，觉得 Sarah 实在是太奢侈了。和 Sarah 吵了一整天。Sarah 觉得妈
妈不可理喻。其实她不知道的是她妈妈的成长环境。她不能很好地理解妈妈，Sarah 应该学着站在别人的角度去考虑问题。
【21 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不便宜，但它使她快乐，因为自从她看见它，这就是她一
直渴望的。A. dear 昂贵的；B. cheap 便宜的；C. famous 有名的；D. handy 便利的。根据下
文 spend so much 可知口红并不便宜。故选 B。
【22 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这并不便宜，但它使她快乐，因为这是她一直渴望的，因为她看
到它。A. longing for 渴望；B. heading for 前进；C. leaving for 动身去；D. paying for
支付。根据上文 One month ago, Sarah bought a lipstick(口红) she had desired.可知此
处指这是她一直想要的一款。故选 A。
【23 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，当她化妆的时候，因为这支口红，一切看起来都是崭
新的。A. puts off 推迟；B. puts away 放好；C. puts on 穿上；化妆；D. puts back 放回
原处。短语 put on makeup“化妆”。故选 C。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉一整天都充满了希望。A. anxiety 焦虑；B. hate 憎恨；C.
laughter 笑声；D. hope 希望。根据上文 everything seems brand new due to this lipstick
可知因为这支口红一切看起来都是崭新的，充满希望。故选 D。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨拉早就习惯于通过购物来犒劳自己。A. rewarding 奖励；犒劳；
B. devoting 致力于；C. adapting 适应；D. forgiving 原谅。她习惯用各种消费来犒劳(reward)
自己。故选 A。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对物质财富的渴望驱使她努力工作。A. warns 警告；B. persuades
说服；C. begs 恳求；D. drives 驱使。对物质财富的渴望驱使她努力工作。故选 D。
27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对此感觉很好。A. cautious 小心的；B. good 好的；C. stressed
紧张的；D. negative 消极的。根据上文可知购物使萨拉感觉很好。故选 B。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的生活越来越好都是因为这种欲望。A. career 事业；B.
【relationship 关系；C.life 生活；D.study 学习。因为这种欲望萨拉的生活越来越好。故选
C。
【29 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她母亲的想法完全不同。A. firmly 坚定地；B. differently 不
同地；C. logically 逻辑上；D. obviously 明显地。根据下文 wrong to spend so much on such
meaningless 可知萨拉母亲的看法完全不同。故选 B。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，当她妈妈知道口红的价格时，她们吵了几乎一整天。A.
quality 质量；B. brand 品牌；C. material 材料；D. price 价格。根据下文 wrong to spend
so much 可知母亲得知了口红的价格很贵。故选 D。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天前，当她妈妈知道口红的价格时，她们吵了几乎一整天。A.
waiting 等待；B. quarreling 争吵；C. shopping 购物；D. gossiping 闲聊。根据下文 spend
so much on such meaningless items 可知萨拉母亲认为花那么多钱在这些毫无意义的东西上，
因此和萨拉吵架。故选 B。
【32 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲认为在这些毫无意义的东西上花这么多钱完全是错误的，
而萨拉认为她的母亲对此完全没有道理。A. probably 可能；B. approximately 大约；C.
slightly 些微地；D. completely 完全地。根据下文 wrong to spend so much on such
meaningless items 可知母亲认为在这些毫无意义的东西上花这么多钱完全是错误的。故选
D。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲认为在这些毫无意义的东西上花这么多钱完全是错误
的，而萨拉认为她的母亲对此完全没有道理。A. unreasonable 不可理喻的；B. uncomfortable
不舒服的；C. enthusiastic 热情的；D. curious 好奇的。妈妈觉得她这样花钱简直就是十恶
不赦，而她却觉得妈妈完全不可理喻。故选 A。
【34 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：萨拉不知道的是，她的母亲曾经是一个在贫困和饥饿中长大的小
女孩。A. turned up 出现；B. broken up 打碎；C. grown up 长大；D. kept up 保持。根据
上文 her mother had once been a little girl who had 可知萨拉的母亲曾经是一个在贫困和饥饿中长大的小女孩。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小女孩冬天找不到足够的衣服穿。A. wear 穿；B. sell 销售；
C. exchange 交换；D. clean 清理。生活在贫穷中，没有冬天穿(wear)的衣服。故选 A。
【36 题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：为了生存，那个女孩需要学会把每一分钱都花得像两分一样。A. even
though 尽管；B. in case 万一；C. as if 好似；D. so that 所以。此处指学会花每一分钱就像
(as if)当成两分来花一样。故选 C。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个人不能理解对方这是很自然的，即使是母亲和女儿，因为
每个人的经验是不同的。A. unlikely 不可能的；B. necessary 必须的；C. strange 陌生的；
D. natural 自然的。显然，两个人不能互相理解是很自然的(natural)。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个人不能理解对方这是很自然的，即使是母亲和女儿，因为每
个人的经验是不同的。A. experience 经历；B. knowledge 知识；C. character 性格；D. family
家庭。此处指每个人的经历(experience)不一样。故选 A。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着去了解他们。A. move 移动；B. forgive 原谅；C. know 知道；
了解；D. copy 复制。根据下文 Try to stand in their shoes.可知试着去了解他们，站在他们
的立场上想想。故选 C。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不听别人的话，你怎么能指望他们听你的话呢?A. force 强
迫；B. expect 期待；指望；C. order 命令；D. advise 建议。指望他们听你的话，故选 B。
第二节（共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It doesn’t take long to believe our own lies, according to a new study.
Last year at Brandeis University, 42 participants, about half seniors and half
millennials(千禧一代), were given a form with 102 questions about ___41___ they did
the previous day. The form asked them to respond ___42___ questions such as “Did you set your alarm clock?” and “Did you use a fork to eat lunch?”On half the
questions, ___43___ (choose) at random, the researchers told the participants to lie.
Forty-five minutes later, the respondents answered ___44___ same questionnaire. This
time, researchers told them to answer all the questions ___45___ (truthful).
The central research question was: When the participants lied on a question the
first time, did they then remember they ___46___ (lie)?
The results showed that the older group were significantly more likely than the
younger ___47___ (accept) as the truth a lie they had told less than an hour ___48___
(early).
“Older adults have more ___49___ (difficult) distinguishing between what’s real
and not real” said Laura Paige, ___50___ was the lead author of the study, “Once
they believe a lie, it will create a new memory for something that didn’t happen.”
【答案】41. what
42. to 43. chosen
44. the 45. truthfully
46. had lied
47. to accept
48. earlier
49. difficulty
50. who
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一项实验研究结果表明老年人更难以区分什么是真实的，什么是不真实的。
一旦他们相信谎言，就会对那些没有发生过的事情产生新的记忆。
【41 题详解】
考查连接词。句意：去年在 Brandeis 大学 University， 42 名参与者(其中一半是大四学生，
一半是千禧一代)收到了一份表格，上面有 102 个问题，是关于他们前一天做了什么。本句为
宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事情，故填 what。
【42 题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：表格要求他们回答诸如“你设置闹钟了吗?”和“你用叉子吃午饭了吗?”短语 respond to…“回答……”，故填 to。
【43 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在随机选择的问题中，研究人员让参与者撒谎。本句中 choose 与逻
辑主语 questions 构成被动关系，故应用过去分词 chosen。
【44 题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：45 分钟后，受访者回答了同样的问卷。短语 the same“同样的；一
样”，故填 the。
【45 题详解】
考查副词。句意：这一次，研究人员让他们如实回答所有问题。answer 为动词需要副词修饰，
故填 truthfully。
【46 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：研究的中心问题是:当参与者第一次在一个问题上撒谎时，他们是否记
得自己撒过谎?此处“撒谎”发生在“记得”之前，即“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时，
填 had lied。
【47 题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：结果显示，年龄较大的一组明显比年龄较小的一组更有可能接受他们
在不到一小时前说过的谎言。短语 be likely to do“有可能做某事”，故填 to accept。
【48 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。短语 less than an hour earlier“不到一小时前”，故填
earlier。
【49 题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：该研究的主要作者劳拉·佩奇说:“老年人更难以区分什么是真实的，
什么是不真实的。一旦他们相信谎言，就会对那些没有发生过的事情产生新的记忆。”短语
have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，故填名词 difficulty。
【50 题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 Laura Paige，且先行词在从句
中做主语，指人，故填关系代词 who。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用
who 或 whom，指人时通常不用 which 等等。2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是
作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用 whose，有时也用 which。作状语要用 when, where,
why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why
通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第十小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词 Laura Paige，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故
填关系代词 who。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有
10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Because my bad grades in primary school, I could only enter a average middle school
which was equipped with old desks and old chairs.At first, I wasn't satisfying with
the shabby classroom and other thing around me.And soon I realized that it was no
use complaining and I should feel luck that there were experienced teachers teaching
me and kind classmates keep me company.Therefore, I make up my mind to study harder
and harder.It wasn't long until I came first in the class.Finally, my efforts were
paid off and I was admitted into the best high school in my city.
【答案】1.because 后加 of
2 a→an
3.satisfying→satisfied
4.thing→things
.5.And→But
6.luck→lucky
7.keep→keeping
8.make→made
9.until→before
10.去掉 were
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者从一个普通的中学，通过自己努力到最后被所在城市最好的高
中录取了的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定用法。句意：因为我小学成绩不好，我只能进入一所普通的中学，那里
有旧桌子和旧椅子。because 后跟原因状语从句，此处下文 my bad grades in primary school
为名词短语需要 because of。故 because 后添加 of。
2.考查冠词。句意同上。middle school 为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一所中学”，且 average
为元音音素开头单词故应用不定冠词 an。故 a 改为 an。
3.考查形容词。句意：起初，我不满意破旧的教室和周围的其他东西。修饰人应用-ed 结尾形
容词，故 satisfying 改为 satisfied。
4.考查名词的数。句意同上。thing 为可数名词，由 other“其他的”修饰应用复数形式。故
thing 改为 things。
5.考查连词。句意：但很快我意识到抱怨是没有用的，我应该感到幸运，有经验丰富的老师
教我，有善良的同学陪伴我。根据上下文语境可知为转折关系，故 And 改为 But。
6.考查形容词。句意同上。feel 为系动词后跟形容词作表语，表示“幸运的”，故 luck 改为 lucky。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处 keep 与上文 teaching me and kind classmates 构成并
列非谓语结构，故 keep 改为 keeping。
8.考查动词时态。句意：因此，我下定决心要更加努力学习。根据全文时态可知为一般过去
时，故 make 改为 made。
9.考查固定句式。句意：不久我就得了全班第一名。固定句式 It isn't long before…“不
久……”，故 until 改为 before。
10.考查动词语态。句意：最后，我的努力得到了回报，我被我所在城市最好的高中录取了。
本句中主语与谓语动词为主谓关系，不存在被动，故去掉 were。第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52.假定你是李华，你的美国好友 Tom 将于今年九月到你校进行交流活动，届时恰逢湖北省第
二届园林博览会（the 2nd Hubei Province Garden Expo）在荆州举办。请根据以下要点写一封
邮件，邀请他一同参观园博会：
1.时间：九月二十八号开幕；
2.活动：欣赏众多地方园展；
3.意义：弘扬荆楚文化（Jing-Chu culture），建设美丽湖北。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Tom,
How is everything going recently?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
How is everything going recently? Hearing that you are coming to our school for
the exchange program in September, I'm more than delighted to share with you a piece
of exciting news that it is on September 28th that the 2nd Hubei Province Garden Expo
will be opened in Jingzhou.Would you like to attend it with me?
The Garden Expo, as planned, consists of 17 gardens and each represents its unique characteristic of different areas around Hubei.Although the delicate exhibits
displayed there vary from garden to garden, the deep meaning they convey is the same:
to carry forward Jingchu culture and make Hubei more beautiful.Besides, the buildings
of the Garden Expo are specially-designed as well.So don't hesitate to go to the Expo
with me, and I can guarantee you a rewarding and unforgettable experience in Jingzhou.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知,本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你的美国好友 Tom 将
于今年九月到你校进行交流活动，届时恰逢湖北省第二届园林博览会（the 2nd Hubei Province
Garden Expo）在荆州举办。请根据以下要点写一封邮件，邀请他一同参观园博会：1.时间：
九月二十八号开幕；2.活动：欣赏众多地方园展；3.意义：弘扬荆楚文化（Jing-Chu
culture），建设美丽湖北。
第 2 步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：exchange program（交换项目）；more than
delighted（非常高兴）, share with（分享）；the 2nd Hubei Province Garden Expo（湖北省
第二届园林博览会）等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰,
保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达
方式, 如 Hearing that you are coming to our school for the exchange program in September,
I'm more than delighted to share with you a piece of exciting news that it is on
September 28th that the 2nd Hubei Province Garden Expo will be opened in Jingzhou.运用了
强调句；Although the delicate exhibits displayed there vary from garden to
garden, the deep meaning they convey is the same: to carry forward Jingchu culture
and make Hubei more beautiful.运用了让步状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了
很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。
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