宁波市 2018 学年第二学期九校联考高一英语试题
本试卷分第 1 卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。满分 150 分, 考试用时 120 分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
第 I 卷选择题部分
第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一
小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman’s mother look like?
A. She wears glasses. B. She has dark eyes. C. She has white hair.
2. How old is the woman now?
A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old.
3. How often does the man see his grandfather?
A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month.
4. What does the man mean?
A. The film is terrible.
B. The film can be seen online.
C. The film is worth the money.
5. What does the man decide to do?
A. Look for a parking space.
B. Drive to the department store again.
C. Go to the department store in a few days.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分）
听下面 5 段材料。每段材料后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,
并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后,
各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听第 6 段材料, 回答第 6、7 题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A. Mother and son.B. Husband and wife.
C. Fellow workers.
7. What is the man unwilling to do？
A Clean the floor.
B. Prepare the dimmer sets.
C. A range the tables.
听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8、9 题。
8. Why is the man’s blue shirt no longer suitable for him？
A. He’s put on much weight.
B. He thinks it’s old.
C. He’s grown taller.
9. What does the woman think of the man？
A. Lucky. B. Busy. C. Lazy.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the woman do probably？
A. A policewoman. B. A tour guide C. A teacher.
11. Who was swimming around？
A Nick. B. Melissa. C. Laura.
12. What does the woman think of Ken？
A. Helpful. B. Dishonest C. Interesting.
听第 9 段材料, 回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Why did Fiona decide to write a book about Beatrice Cadbury?
A. Beatrice had a surprising life.
B. She was interested in the Cadbury family.
C. The school Beatrice had started was famous.
14. What was Beatrice’s life like in her childhood?
A. Difficult. B. Unlucky. C. Comfortable.
15. What did Beatrice ask her brother to do?
A. Come to her house.
.
.B. Stop giving her money.
C. Allow her to meet the factory workers.
16. Why did Beatrice and her family live in a tent?
A. She wanted to live like poor people.
B. There were too many people in her house.
C. Her children liked to live in a different place.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times？
A. They paid for the housing.
B. They bought food and clothes.
C. They sent them to their families.
18. What was a nurse’s main duty？
A. Coking meals. B. Caring for children. C. Educating children.
19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually？
A. Cuell. B. Kindly. C. Srictly.
20. What will the speaker talk about next？
A. Lower class families.
B. Upper class children’s situation.
C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分 35 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 25 分, 满分 25 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项、并在答题纸上将该项
涂黑。
A
The trouble started at 9：30 p. m. last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark. When the
fire engines（消防车）arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in a third
floor window. The firefighters placed a ladder（梯子）against the wooden house, and
26-year-old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor.
The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out of the window.
When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraid and nervous, put her two legs around him. Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large
woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and
broke the woman’s fall. She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs.
When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.
Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would
only get worse. Doctors talked of turning off the life-saving machine and asked if
the family would like to give away his heart. The answer was “yes”.
On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin（棺材）—covered with an
American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the
state joined the procession（行列）through Newmark streets. Children watched silently
from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl.
His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.
1. After reaching the top of the ladder, Marcus ________.
A. was very terrified and anxious
B. was knocked off and got hurt
C. found it difficult to get down
D. couldn’t see anything clearly
2. The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 2 means“________”.
A. homeless B. breathless
C. helpless D. senseless
3. We can infer from the end of the text that Marcus’ family might feel ________.
A. sorrowful but proud
B. depressed but excited
C. angry and doubtful
D. worried and surprised
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了消防员马库斯在救人时不幸受伤脑死亡，受到了全国人民的缅怀和
纪念的故事。【1 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中 Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large
woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and
brokethewoman’sfall.（突然马库斯从梯子上向后摔了下来，那个大个子女人坐在他身上。
马库斯先着地，撞上了前面楼梯旁的一堵墙，摔断了这名女子的腿。）以及最后一句 When the
fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.（当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯
已经失去了知觉。）可知到达梯子的顶端后，马库斯被撞倒受伤了。故选 B。
【2 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文 Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain
dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经
脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。
到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选 D。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin-covered
with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all
over the state joined the procession through Newmark streets. Children watched
silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young
girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.（1 月 6 日，消防队员
将马库斯的棺材抬上黄色的消防车，棺材上覆盖着美国国旗。来自全国各地的数百名消防员
加入了纽马克街道的游行队伍。孩子们从学校的窗户静静地看着。马库斯死的那天，他的心
被献给了一个年轻的女孩。他的家人说，这是马库斯救的第二次生命。）可知马库斯受到了大
家的纪念和缅怀，因此家人感到悲伤却很骄傲。故选 A。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用 refer to，be called 或
that’s to say，such as 等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same
as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because 等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面
部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注
意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、
位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第二小题，根据下文 Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain
dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经
脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。
到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选 D。
B
Nowadays, people all over the world have various ways of dealing with a common
cold. Some take over-the-counter（非处方的）medicines such as aspirin while others
try popular home remedies（治疗） like herbal tea or chicken soup. However, here is
the tough truth about the common cold:nothing really cures it.
Then why do people sometimes still believe that their remedies work？According
to James Taylor, a professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away
on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so
it’s easy to believe it’s medicine rather than time that deserves to be praised,
USA Today reported.
To many of us, it still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious
diseases yet are powerless against something as common as a cold. Recently, scientists
came closer to figuring out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral
（抗病毒的）drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface
structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like
the right piece of a jigsaw（拼图）, which means scientists have to identify the virus
and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can develop an antiviral drug
that is effective enough.
The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus（鼻
病毒）A and B. But they didn’t find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus
C, until 2006. All three of them lead to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B don’t work well when used against C.
“This accounts for most of the previous failures of drug trials against
Thinovirus,”study leader Professor Ann Palmenberg at University of
Wisconsin-Madison, US, told Science Daily.
Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have
finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of
the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.
With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way.
Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don’t really work.
4. What does the author think of popular remedies for curing a common cold?
A. They are really quite effective.
B. They are slightly helpful.
C. They still need to be improved.
D. They actually don’t work.
5. How do antiviral drugs work?
A. By identifying the viruses and breaking them up directly.
B. By reshaping the top layers of the target cold viruses.
C. By attacking the viruses one after another like finishing a jigsaw.
D. By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.
6. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.
B. Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.
C. Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.
D. Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.
7. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Drugs against cold viruses
B. Helpful home remedies
C. No current cure for common cold
D. Research on cold viruses
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C【解析】
这是一篇说明文。如今，世界各地的人们都有不同的方法来对付感冒。一些人服用阿司匹林
等非处方药，而另一些人则尝试草药茶或鸡汤等流行的家庭疗法。然而，关于普通感冒有一
个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈它。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 However, here is the tough truth about the common cold:
nothing really cures it.（然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈
它。）可知作者认为治疗普通感冒的流行疗法实际上不起作用。故选 D。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中 They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface
structures of the virus.（它们通过附着和改变病毒的表面结构来攻击病毒。）可知抗病毒
药物通过重塑目标感冒病毒的顶层发挥作用。故选 B。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中 To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like
the right piece of a jigsaw, which means scientists have to identify the virus and
build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can develop an antiviral drug that
is effective enough.（要做到这一点，这种药物必须像拼图游戏的正确部分一样与病毒相匹
配并锁定病毒，这意味着科学家必须先识别出病毒并建立一个三维模型来研究其表面，然后
才能开发出足够有效的抗病毒药物。）以及倒数第二段 Now, more than 10 years after the
discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model
of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from
that of other cold viruses.（如今，在鼻病毒 C 被发现 10 多年后，科学家们终于建立了一
个高度详细的病毒三维模型，表明病毒的表面与预期的不同，不同于其他感冒病毒。）可推知
了解感冒病毒的结构是开发有效治疗方法的关键。故选 C。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段 Nowadays, people all over the world have various ways of dealing
with a common cold. Some take over-the-counter（非处方的）medicines such as aspirin
while others try popular home remedies（治疗） like herbal tea or chicken soup.
However, here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.（如今，
世界各地的人们都有不同的方法来对付感冒。一些人服用阿司匹林等非处方药，而另一些人则尝试草药茶或鸡汤等流行的家庭疗法。然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能
真正治愈它。）以及文章主要内容可知主要围绕着“目前还没有治疗普通感冒的方法”展开。
故选 C。
C
When it comes to modern communication, security is a big concern. It seems like
we’re forever hearing about hackers leaking emails, passwords and other important
personal information.
But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won the 2018 Newcomb
Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about our data again.
With the cutting-edge technology, a revolutionary satellite called Micius makes the
information sent and received safer than ever.
So what exactly makes the information sent to and from Micius so secure？Micius
is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution（量子密匙分发）,
which uses particles（粒子）that transmit（传输）light to deliver information from
one point to another. Currently, it can communicate with two base stations, both of
which are located high up in the mountains in two different areas of Tibet, around
1, 200kilometers apart. Data is sent between the satellite and one of the base stations
in the form of a ray of light.
This makes it almost impossible for data sent and received using quantum satellite
technology to be stolen, as the connection will be broken if someone tries to hack
it. “Any eavesdropper（偷听者）on the quantum channel attempting to gain information
can be found by the communicating users, "the scientists wrote in the paper.
However, the technology does have a few limitations. For example, the process
only works at night, as the information isn’t able to pass through sunlight. And
there’s currently only a 10-minute window each day during which Micius can
communicate with each of the base stations, according to Xinhua. This is because the
satellite and base station need to be close enough to each other for the information
to successfully make it to and from outer space.
Despite these small issues, the scientific community across the world has reacted positively to China’s achievements in this groundbreaking project. "This Chinese
experiment is a quite remarkable technological achievement, "Artur Ekert, a professor
of quantum physics at the University of Oxford, told BBC News.
And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, "It’s a witness to China’s
investments（投资）and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group
has been able to push research in practical quantum communication technologies to
such an astronomical height. ”
8. Why it is safe to use quantum key distribution to transfer information？
A. The connection will fail if it is hacked.
B. It makes the base stations close enough.
C. It transfers data too fast for it to be stolen.
D. The process often takes place at night.
9. According to the text, what’s the attitude of the scientific community towards
the satellite Micius？
A. It remains unclear whether it will be beneficial or not.
B. It is really an impressive technological breakthrough.
C. It will promote the investment in quantum-related technologies.
D. It doesn’t deserve a lot of attention given its limitations.
10. What is the main idea of the text？
A. The latest security problems of modern communication.
B. Micius’ effect on the development of modern technology.
C. The wide applications of quantum key distribution in data transition.
D. How Micius works to ensure secure communication and its limitations.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。中国科学家在今年 2 月凭借一颗名为“墨子号”的革命性卫星获得了 2018
年纽科姆克利夫兰奖。文章同时说明了“墨子号”如何确保通信安全及其局限性。以及科学
界对中国在这一开创性项目中取得的成就都给予了反应积极。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 This makes it almost impossible for data sent and received using quantum satellite technology to be stolen, as the connection will be
broken if someone tries to hack it.（这使得使用量子卫星技术发送和接收的数据几乎不
可能被窃取，因为如果有人试图入侵，连接就会断开。）可知使用量子密钥分发传输信息很安
全，因为如果有人试图入侵，连接就会断开。故选 A。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句 Despite these small issues, the scientific community
across the world has reacted positively to China’s achievements in this
groundbreaking project.（尽管存在这些小问题，但世界科学界对中国在这一开创性项目中
取得的成就都给予了反应积极。）可知科学界认为“墨子号”卫星确实是一个令人印象深刻的
技术突破。故选 B。
10 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段 But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won
the 2018 Newcomb Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about
our data again. With the cutting-edge technology, a revolutionary satellite called
Micius makes the information sent and received safer than ever.（但由于中国科学家
的一项突破，他们在今年 2 月获得了 2018 年纽科姆克利夫兰奖，我们可能很快就再也不用担
心我们的数据了。凭借尖端技术，一颗名为“墨子号”的革命性卫星使发送和接收的信息比
以往任何时候都更安全。）以及文章主要内容可推断，介绍了“墨子号”如何确保通信安全及
其局限性。故选 D。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese products more popular abroad
When riding a Mobike in a street, you are likely to hear passers-by speaking
Chinese aloud. ____11____ After entering a store, it’s possible that you’ll see
Huawei smartphones for sale. It isn’t referring to a city in China, but Manchester,
UK. ___12___Indeed, Chinese products have been going global recently.
___13___ But to satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made
some necessary changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat, ”said Yin Hang,
who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat
【with bones in while people here don’t. Therefore, Chinese restaurants serve big
pieces of meat without bones, even for fish. ”
___14___ In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges
and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones（无人机）
are Chinese models, according to China Daily. They’re not only made in China, but
designed and developed in the country.
In the past, most people in the West thought Chinese products were cheap and
unreliable. But things have changed greatly. ___15___ “For example, Huawei, one of
China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the
first time in June and July last year, ”noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.
A. Many Chinese brands are also becoming more and more popular.
B. Chinese dishes have been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.
C. “Made in China ”has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.
D. Meanwhile, intonational brands are still enjoying great success in China.
E. Turning to the right, you may see a Sichuan-style restaurant.
F. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.
G. What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands?
【答案】11. E 12. F
13. B 14. A
15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国产品在国外更受欢迎，包括中国的餐饮、中国的品牌以及
越老越多的人信任“中国制造”。
【11 题详解】
根据上文 When riding a Mobike in a street, you are likely to hear passers-by speaking
Chinese aloud.（当你在街上骑摩拜单车时，你很可能会听到路人大声说中文。）可知是在街
道上，因此向右转，你会看到一家四川风味的餐馆。故 E 选项符合语境。故选 E。
【12 题详解】
根据下文 Indeed, Chinese products have been going global recently.（事实上，中国产
品最近已经走向全球。）global 可对应到 F 选中 around the world，表示“事实上，你可能会在世界上其他许多城市看到类似的事情。”代入符合语境。故选 F。
【13 题详解】
根据下文 But to satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some
necessary changes to the dishes.（但是为了满足当地人的口味，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些必
要的改变。）可知是在讲餐厅，故可对应到 B 选项 Chinese dishes，表示“中国菜在西方国家
受欢迎已经有很长时间了。”故选 B。
【14 题详解】
根据下文 In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and
Lenovo computers, reported Reuters.（据路透社报道，在欧洲许多城市，商店出售 TCL 电
视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑。）可知是在说许多中国品牌也变得越来越受欢迎。故选 A。
【15 题详解】
根据下文“For example, Huawei, one of China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple
in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year, ”（“例
如，去年 6 月和 7 月，中国主要智能手机制造商之一华为(Huawei)的全球智能手机销量首次
超过苹果(Apple)。”）可知“中国制造”变得很酷，越来越多的人信任中国品牌。故选 C。
第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分 45 分）
第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
It had been cloudy, chilly, rainy and gray for three days. It was November. The
colorful autumn leaves had reached their ____16____ and were now falling fast on
the hillsides ____17____ the skinny skeletons of bare trees.
I pulled my jacket tighter around me as I walked through the cold winds and
____18____ the leaves flying above the ground. I tried to smile but couldn’t.
____19____ delightful intentions, the dark, depressing days were upsetting me. As
I walked on through the fallen leaves, my ____20____ slowly got wet. My cold toes
didn’t ____21____ me as much as my damp spirits. My body was tired. My energy was
low.
___22___ I felt something warm all of a sudden. A break in the clouds had ____23____ and sunlight was shining through it down to the earth once again. I closed my eyes
and turned my face to the sweet____24____. Its warmth washed over me. I _____25_____
and saw the remaining leaves on the trees sparkling in the sunlight. It made their
colors even brighter and more beautiful.
I felt my _____26_____ rising again as well. I smiled and thanked nature for this
every day _____27_____.
Those few minutes of light had _____28_____ me with joy. I felt renewed, ready
to _____29_____ light and love to the world myself once again. I walked back home
_____30_____ to nature and amazed at what a little break in the clouds can do.
In our lives here we all _____31_____ times when the world seems cold, dark, and
gray. It is in these times when nature _____32_____ us to break through the clouds
ourselves and share our light with the world.
It doesn’t _____33_____ much either. A simple hug, a kind word, a caring note
can warm and uplift another’s spirits. A helping hand, a shared smile, a tiny act
of _____34_____ can shine light into another’s heart.
When the gray days come then don’t just sit in the dark. _____35_____ break
through the clouds! Share your love! Let the light shine through you!
16. A. peak B. hillsides C. goal D. distance
17. A. lay B. rested C. stood D. sat
18. A. rescued B. packed C. spotted D.
recognized
19. A. In addition to B. In spite of C. Instead of D. Due to
20. A. hands B. jacket C. shoes D. hair
21. A. puzzle B. terrify C. please D. bother
22. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However
23. A. recovered B. arisen C. replaced D. escaped
24. A. sunshine B. winds C. rain D. clouds
25. A. looked around B. bent down C. set off D. hung out
26. A. value B. temperature C. excitement D. mood
27. A. appearance B. route C. miracle D. glory28. A. rewarded B. charged C. treated D. filled
29. A. donate B. sell C. bring D.
introduce
30. A. devoted B. grateful C. loyal D. attached
31. A. experience B. record C. understand D. admire
32. A. longs for B. waits for C. depends on D. calls on
33. A. risk B. take C. waste D. save
34. A. wisdom B. love C. duty D.
confidence
35. A. Simply B. Slightly C. Rarely D.
Gradually
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B
24. A 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33.
B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过一次阴天漫步，看到云层中一道裂缝使阳光又一
次透过云层照射到地面上，使自己的情绪也再次高涨起来。同时作者领悟到当灰暗的日子来
临时，不要只是坐在黑暗中。要冲破云层!分享你的爱!让光透过你!
【16 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五彩缤纷的秋叶已经达到了顶峰，现在，光秃秃的树木瘦骨嶙峋
地矗立在山坡上。A. peak 山峰；B. hillsides 山坡；C. goal 目标；D. distance 距离。短
语 reach one’s peak“到达顶峰”。故选 A。
【17 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五彩缤纷的秋叶已长到它们的顶峰，现在，光秃秃的树木瘦骨嶙
峋地矗立在山坡上。A. lay 躺下；B. rested 休息；C. stood 站；矗立；D. sat 坐下。stand
此处表示“矗立着；站在”。故选 C。
【18 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过寒风，看到树叶在地上飞舞时，我把夹克裹得更紧了。
A. rescued 救援；B. packed 包装；C. spotted 发现；看到；D. recognized 认出。根据句意
可知选 C。【19 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我怀着想让自己愉快的心情，但那些黑暗、沉闷的日子还是
使我心烦意乱。A. In addition to 另外；B. In spite of 尽管；C. Instead of 而不是；D. Due
to 由于。根据句意可知表示“尽管；虽然”，故选 B。
【20 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过落叶时，我的鞋子慢慢地湿了。A. hands 手；B. jacket
外套；C. shoes 鞋子；D. hair 头发。根据上文 As I walked on through the fallen leaves
可知是鞋子湿了。故选 C。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冰冷 脚趾头并不像我潮湿的灵魂那样让我烦恼。A. puzzle 迷
惑；B. terrify 恐吓；C. please 使高兴；D. bother 烦扰。根据句意可知表示“烦扰”故选
D。
【22 题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：然而，我突然感到有些温暖。A. Besides 此外；B. Therefore 因此；
C. Moreover 而且；D. However 然而。根据上下文语境可知表示转折，故选 D。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：云层中出现了一道裂缝，阳光又一次透过云层照射到地面上。A.
recovered 恢复；B. arisen 出现；C. replaced 取代；D. escaped 逃跑。根据句意可知云层
中出现了一道裂缝，故选 B。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我闭上眼睛，把脸转向甜美的阳光。A. sunshine 阳光；B. winds
风；C. rain 雨；D. clouds 云。根据上文 sunlight was shining through it down to the earth
once again 可知是甜美的阳光。故选 A。
【25 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我环顾四周，看到树上剩下的叶子在阳光下闪闪发光。A. looked
around 环顾四周；B. bent down 弯腰；C. set off 动身；D. hung out 闲逛。根据下文 saw the
remaining leaves on the trees sparkling in the sunlight 可知是环顾四周看到了叶子。
故选 A。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己的情绪也再次高涨起来。A. value 价值；B. temperature
的温度；C. excitement 激动；D. mood 情绪。根据下文 I smiled and thanked nature for this
every day 可知作者的情绪高涨，故选 D。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微笑着感谢大自然，感谢每一天的奇迹。A. appearance 外貌；
B. route 路线；C. miracle 奇迹；D. glory 光荣。根据上文 I smiled and thanked nature
for this every day 可知是感谢每天的奇迹。故选 C。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那几分钟的阳光使我满心欢喜。A. rewarded 犒劳；B. charged 填
充；C. treated 对待；D. filled 装满。短语 fill with“充满”。故选 D。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到焕然一新，准备再次为这个世界带来光明和爱。A. donate
捐赠；B.sell 出售；C.bring 带来；D.introduce 介绍。准备再次为这个世界带来光明和爱。
故选 C。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怀着对大自然的感激之情走回了家，惊叹于云层中一个小小
的裂缝所能做的一切。A. devoted 献身的；B. grateful 感激的；C. loyal 忠诚的；D. attached
附加的。根据上文 I smiled and thanked nature for this 可知对大自然是感激之情。故选
B。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，我们都经历过世界似乎寒冷、黑暗和灰暗的时
刻。A.experience 经历；B.record 记录；C.understand 明白；D.admire 钦佩。根据下文 times
when the world seems cold, dark, and gray 可知是经历寒冷、黑暗和灰暗的时刻。故选
A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是在这个时候，大自然召唤我们冲破云层，与世界分享我们的
光明。A. longs for 渴望；B. waits for 等待；C. depends on 依赖于；D. calls on 召唤。
大自然召唤我们冲破云层，与世界分享我们的光明。故选 D。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也不会花费太多。A. risk 冒险；B. take 花费（时间或精力）；
C. waste 浪费；D. save 拯救。根据下文 A simple hug, a kind word, a caring note can warm and uplift another’s spirits.可知指并不会花费太多的精力，故选 B。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只援助之手，一个共同的微笑，一个小小的爱的举动都能照亮
别人的心。A. wisdom 智慧；B. love 爱；C. duty 义务；D. confidence 自信。根据上文 A helping
hand, a shared smile, a tiny act of 可知是一个小小的爱的举动。故选 B。
【35 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：无非是冲破云层!A. Simply 仅仅；只是；B. Slightly 轻微地；
C. Rarely 很少地；D. Gradually 逐渐地。根据上文 When the gray days come then don’t
just sit in the dark.可推断，此处说的是只是是要冲破云层。故选 A。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China, once famous for four inventions in ancient times, has once again showed
its ability ___36___ （change）the world with its“new four great inventions”：
electronic payments, shared bicycles, high-speed railways and online shopping.
With electronic payments, people can buy and eat ____37____ they want simply with
a tap of their phones. Electronic payments are so convenient that they are really
popular with folks. Even pancake sellers are found ____38____（use）Alipay. The bikes
themselves are not new, ____39____the operating model of bike-sharing is innovative.
Chinese companies have surprised the world with the business model of bike-sharing
which ___40___ （include）high technologies, and are entering overseas markets such
as Singapore and Britain. The launch of high-speed trains has a ___41___（big）
influence on people’s choice of traveling than expected. The newly launched Fuxing
Hao can travel at an____42____ （amaze）speed of 300 km/h, making the 1, 318km joumey
in five and three-quarter hours. China also takes the lead in online shopping with
various e-commerce platforms. ___43___ the 11. 11 shopping day in 2018, sales hit
10 billion yuan in the first 2 minutes after midnight and ____44____（reach）213. 5
bilion by the end of the day.
Thanks to the large amounts of capital（资金）China has invested in encouraging inmovation（创新）, China has entered ____45____ new innovative time.
【答案】36. to change
37. whatever/what
38. using 39. but
40. includes
41. bigger 42. amazing
43. On 44. had reached
45. a
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。中国在古代曾经以四大发明而自豪，本文讲述今天中国正在以"新的四大发
明"领先世界。新的四大发明是：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物。
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国，在古代以四大发明而自豪，今天它再次以它"新的四大发明"
展示了改变世界的能力。短语 ability to do sth．表示"做……的能力"，故填 to change。
【37 题详解】
考查引导词。句意：有了电子支付，人们只需轻敲一下手机就能买到和吃到（无论什么）东
西。通过分析可知这里是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，结合语境可知此处表达"人们可
以买他们想要的东西"，因此填 what，意为"……东西"。或表示强调“无论什么东西”，填
whatever。故填 what/whatever。
【38 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用支付宝。短语 be found doing sth.“被发
现在做某事”，故填 using。
【39 题详解】
考查连词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是创新的。根据语境可知上
下文为转折关系，故填 but。
【40 题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：中国企业共享单车的商业模式令世界惊讶，其中包括高科技，它们正
进军新加 坡和英国等海外 市场。本句为定 语从句修饰先行 词 the business model of
bike-sharing，且在从句中做主语，故谓语动词应用单数形式。故填 includes。【41 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：高铁的推出对人们出行选择的影响比预期的要大。根据下文 than
expected 可知应用形容词比较级，故填 bigger。
【42 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：新推出的“复兴号”可以以惊人的速度行驶 300 公里/小时，结果 1318
公里的飞行在 5 小时 45 分内就能完成。本句中修饰名词 speed，修饰物应用-ing 结尾形容词，
故填 amazing。
【43 题详解】
考查介词。句意：2018 年双十一购物日，午夜过后的头 2 分钟，销售额就达到了 100 亿元人
民币，截止当日收盘，销售额已达 2135 亿元。在具体的某一天应用介词 on。置句首单词首字
母大写，故填 On。
【44 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据下文 by the end of the day“截止一天结束时”可知应用过
去完成时。故填 had reached。
【45 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国进入了一个新的创新时代。time 做“时代”讲为可数名词，此处表示
泛指“一个时代”故填不定冠词 a。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句
的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、
定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于
名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第二小题，通过分
析可知这里是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，结合语境可知此处表达"人们可以买他们想
要的东西"，因此填 what，意为"……东西"。或表示强调“无论什么东西”，填 whatever。故
填 what/whatever。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46.假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友 Chris 写信告诉你由于他常在手机上玩在线游戏上瘾, 导致
学习成绩下降, 而且为此和父母发生了争吵, 心里很烦恼。你回信劝说他正确解决这个问题。
内容包括：1. 表示理解：2. 指出玩手机在线游戏上瘾的危害 3. 提出建议, 例如跟父母亲好好沟通等。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ re suffering from online game addiction.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ re suffering from online game addiction. I completely
understand how you feel and I’m writing to help you with the problem.
Actually, long-time exposure to online games affects not only your academic
performance but also your health. I’d like to offer you some suggestions. First of
all, start some other hobbies, such as reading and working out regularly, which will
take your mind off the game and help you resist the temptation.
Besides, it is also a necessity to have a heart-to-heart conversation with your
parents.
I hope these ideas can help you get rid of your addiction as soon as possible.
Best wishes!
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
,【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友 Chris
写信告诉你由于他常在手机上玩在线游戏上瘾, 导致学习成绩下降, 而且为此和父母发生了争
吵, 心里很烦恼。你回信劝说他正确解决这个问题。内容包括：1. 表示理解：2. 指出玩手机
在线游戏上瘾的危害 3. 提出建议, 例如跟父母亲好好沟通等。
第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：online game（网络游戏），exposure to（接
触），academic performance（学校表现）；work out（锻炼），temptation（诱惑）；
heart-to-heart（诚实的）等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表
达方式，如 Actually, long-time exposure to online games affects not only your academic
performance but also your health.运用了 not only…but also 结构；First of all, start
some other hobbies, such as reading and working out regularly, which will take your
mind off the game and help you resist the temptation.运用了非限定性定语从句。全文
中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，
上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节读后续写（满分 25 分）
47.阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was late spring When my mom and I were driving through the countryside. Back
then I was 13 years old and always felt unhappy with Mom. However, little did I know
that this trip was going to be a special one.
A pot of flowers satin he back seat, whose pleasant smell filled the car . Suddenly,
in the middle of nowhere, my mom pulled over. “What are you doing? “I cried, fearing
that the car had broken down and we’d be stuck there, so far from home. Fortunately,
that wasn’t the case. My mom hopped out of the car, grabbing the flowers from the
back seat. “It’ll just be a minute, ”she called back through the open windows.
Impatiently, I cast my eyes towards the edge of the road before they settled on
a little sign showing that it was a nursing home. I looked back to the building, somewhat annoyed, as my mom reappeared empty-handed.
Before she started the car, curiosity drove me to ask, “Do you know someone
there?” She shook her head. “Then what did you do with the flowers?” She smiled
slightly, “I gave them to the receptionist（前台接待员）. ”“What？”She laughed
at my confusion. “I told the receptionist to give the flowers to whoever needed them,
especially those who haven’t received any in a while. ”
I kept silent for a moment. Not long after we went on with our driving, I spoke
again, “Did you leave your name? “To this she answered instantly, “No. Leaving
flowers there for someone who will appreciate them makes me feel good, which is enough
of a thank for me. ”
Suddenly, still thinking about Mom’s deeds, I heard something burst loudly. It
was our car that broke down! Nothing could be worse, because neither my mom nor I
understood how to repair it, and we didn’t know where the garage was. It also seemed
impossible to wait for any passerby, since we had seen so few along the way.
注意：1. 所续写的短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
I let out a sigh while my Mum rooted herself against the car worrying about what
could be done.
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Paragraph 2
As we drove along, a flower shop came into sight on the road.
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【答案】Paragraph 1：
I let out a sigh while my Mum rooted herself against the car worrying about what
could be done. But after waiting in vain for a considerable time, Mom and I decided
to walk back the road to the nursing home and seek help. God knows how far we had
driven! When we arrived, the receptionist was surprised, but warmly helped us contact
the garage. There, the old men who had received the flowers were excited to meet us,
talking about how great that day was. It amazed us what random actions of kindness
could mean to the people who received them. While we were laughing and talking merrily,
we received the news that the garage had got our car repaired.
Paragraph 2:
As we dove alone, a flower shop came into sight on the road. I asked Mum to pull
up and paced quickly into the flower shop, where a bunch of flowers glowing red in
full bloom caught my eye. Having witnessed the effect of kindness, I decided to send
Mom the sweet flowers. Soon, the pleasant scent filled the car again. Mom tried to
conceal her excitement, but the glittering tears failed her. Through this trip, I
discovered that, despite my occasional anger towards her, I actually felt proud of
her. This was the trip of my life.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，讲述了作者和母亲去买花的路上，母亲将花送去了养老院，
告诉接待员把花送给任何需要的人，尤其是那些有一段时间没有收到花的人。结果他们的车
抛锚了，妈妈和作者都不知道怎么修理它，也不知道车库在哪里。似乎也不可能等待任何路
人，因为我们在路上见过的人很少。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我叹了口气，而我的妈妈则紧紧地靠在汽车上，担心着
该怎么办。所以后文应该是讲述母亲和作者决定回养老院求助，以及到达养老院后所发生的
事情。第二段开头是：当我们开车前进时，路上出现了一家花店。本段应该写他们在花店所发生的
事情，作者决定给妈妈送甜蜜的花。并感悟到这是我生命中的一次特别的旅行。
续写时要求使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划
线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；续写完成后，
请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：in vain，considerable
time，come into sight 等高级词汇；时间状语从句 When we arrived, the receptionist was
surprised, but warmly helped us contact the garage.；定语从句 I asked Mum to pull up
and paced quickly into the flower shop, where a bunch of flowers glowing red in full
bloom caught my eye.等高级句式。
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