六盘水市 2020 年高三适应性考试(一)
英语试题
本试卷满分 120 分。考试用时 100 分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上
粘贴的条形码的“姓名、考号、考试科目”与考生本人姓名、考号是否非选择题:用黑色墨水签
字笔在答题卡上书写作答。在试题卷上作答，答案无效。
2.选择题:每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用
橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.请保持答题卡平整，不能折叠。考试结束，监考员将试卷、答题卡一并收回。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
A
While traveling to a foreign land, or perhaps across the state, aren't you looking for something a little more
adventurous, more luxurious ( 豪华) , and packed with facilities (设施) that you don't have at home?
Treehotel, Sweden
It was perhaps everybody's childhood dream to be able to have their own tree house. Now you can sleep in a
specifically made hotel suite built atop a tree in the Harads Municipality in Sweden. The most unique rooms are
the Bird's Nest, a room exactly shaped like a bird nest; the Mirror Cube, a hide-out with reflective outside walls. The
rate of each room starts from about $800 per night.
The Manta Resort, Tanzania
The Manta Resort in Tanzania is one of the world's only hotels with rooms placed below the surface of the ocean.
By opening the curtains of your windows, you'll be able to see hundreds of fish swimming peacefully around your
room. Want to go for a swim? Climb out of your room and jump in the clear waters! For only $250 a night, you, too,
can sleep with the fishes.
Book and Bed, Japan
Reading before sleeping is something that many people do. Book and Bed, a 30-room hotel in the heart of Tokyo
takes advantage of this by conveniently placing a lot of books in shelves just an arm's reach away from your bed. The rooms at this hotel are small enough for a single adult. Reading yourself to sleep in one of their comfortable rooms
will cost only about $40 a night,
Tianzi Hotel, China
The largest image hotel in the world is the Tianzi Hotel in Hebei Province, China. The hotel is a description of
the three ancient Chinese gods of Fu, Lu, and Shou- the god of fortune, prosperity, and longevity, respectively. To
enter it, simply open the door located in Shou's foot.
The peach resting in the God of Longevity's left hand is a one-bedroom suite with a perfect view of the busy city.
Rates at the Tianzi Hotel start as cheap as $11 a night.
1. What can we know about Treehotel?
A. It is made of wood. B. It is made on a tree.
C. It is called the Mirror Cube. D. It is named after a bird nest.
2. What can we do in the Manta Resort?
A. Live in the Bird's Nest. B. Swim in the ocean.
C. Read before sleep. D. Enjoy the busy city.
3. Which hotel most probably has the smallest room?
A. Treehotel. B. The Manta Resort.
C. Book and Bed. D. Tianzi Hotel.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一则旅游广告。当你在异国他乡旅行时，或者是在整个州旅行时，难道你不是在寻找一些更冒险、更
豪华、设施更齐全的东西吗?文章介绍了世界有特色的酒店。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Treehotel, Sweden 中 It was perhaps everybody's childhood dream to be able to have their own
tree house. Now you can sleep in a specifically made hotel suite built atop a tree in the Harads Municipality in
Sweden.“拥有自己的树屋也许是每个人儿时的梦想。现在，你可以睡在瑞典哈罗德市专门建在树上的酒店套
房里。”可知，Treehotel 是在树上做的。故选 B。
【2 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 The Manta Resort, Tanzania 中 Want to go for a swim? Climb out of your room and jump in the
clear waters!“想去游泳吗?爬出你的房间，跳进清澈的水里!”由此可知，在 the Manta Resort 的海洋里游客可
以游泳。故选 B。【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Book and Bed, Japan 中 The rooms at this hotel are small enough for a single adult.“这家旅馆
的房间让一个单身的成年人住是足够的小。”由此可知，Book and Bed 家酒店的房间有可能是最小的。故选
C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含
意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的
答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。
推理判断题的题干中通常含 infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate 等标志性词语。本题第 2 小题，根据 The
Manta Resort, Tanzania 中 Want to go for a swim? Climb out of your room and jump in the clear waters!“想去游泳
吗?爬出你的房间，跳进清澈的水里!”由此可知，在 the Manta Resort 的海洋里游客可以游泳。故选 B。
B
Probably no other musical instrument is as popular as the guitar. Musicians use the guitar for almost every kind
of music. Country and western music would not be the same without a guitar. The traditional Spanish folk music
called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar. The sound of American blues music would not be the same without
the sad cry of the guitar. And rock and roll music would almost be impossible Without this instrument.
Some music experts say an instrument very much like a guitar was played in Egypt more than one thousand
years ago. Some other experts say that the ancestor of the modern guitar was brought to Spain from Persia sometime
in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain. In the 1700s, it became similar to the instrument we
know today.
Many famous musicians played the instrument. The famous Italian violinist Niccolo Paganinni played and wrote
music for the guitar in the early 1800s. Franz Schubert used the guitar to write some of his famous works. One kind of
music for the guitar developed in the southern area of Spain called Adalusia. It will always be strongly linked with the
Spanish guitar. It is called Flamenco.
In the 1930s, Les Paul began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar. He invented the solid body
electric guitar in 1946. The guitar has always been important to blues music. With the electric guitar, Les Paul helped
make modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. Yet, music experts say all blues
guitar players are measured against one man and his famous guitar. That man is B. B. King. Every blues fan knows
that years ago B. B. King named his guitar Lucille. Here B. B. King plays Lucille on his famous recording of “The
Thrill Is Gone”. Lucille, B. B. King's large, beautiful black guitar, is important to American music. Visitors can see
King's very first guitar at the Rock and Soul Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The museum is the only permanent
exhibit organized by the Smithsonian Institution outside Washington, D. C., and New York City.4. Where did the modern guitar finally come into being?
A. Egypt. B. Spain.
C. Persia. D. Italy.
5. What do we know about Flamenco?
A. It is the name of a famous musician. B. It is related to Spanish guitar.
C It is also called Adalusia. D. It is the name of a guitar.
6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The electric guitar promoted the development of the blues.
B. The musician B. B. King named his guitar Lucille.
C. The Rock and Soul Museum first opened in Memphis.
D. The exhibit was first organized by the Smithsonian Institution.
7. What would be the best title for this passage?
A Traditional Folk Music B. Flamenco and Guitar
C. Violinist and Blues D. Guitar and Music
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了吉他在音乐中的重要性、发展史以及使用它的音乐家。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中 Some other experts say that the ancestor of the modern guitar was brought to Spain
from Persia sometime in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain.“其他一些专家说，现代吉他
的祖先是在 12 世纪的某个时候从波斯带到西班牙的。吉他在西班牙继续发展。”由此可知，现代吉他最终
来自西班牙。故选 B。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中 The traditional Spanish folk music called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar.“没
有吉他，传统的西班牙民间音乐 Flamenco 就无法存在。”由此可知，Flamenco 与西班牙音乐有关。故选 B。
【6 题详解】
段落大意题。根据最后一段中 In the 1930s, Les Paul began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar.
He invented the solid body electric guitar in 1946. The guitar has always been important to blues music. With the
electric guitar, Les Paul helped make modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. “20
世纪 30 年代，Les Paul 开始尝试制作电吉他。他在 1946 年发明了固体电吉他。吉他在布鲁斯音乐中一直很
.
.重要。有了电吉他，莱斯·保罗使现代布鲁斯音乐成为可能。有很多伟大的布鲁斯吉他演奏家。”可知，最后
一段讲述的是“电吉他促进了布鲁斯音乐的发展。”故选 A。
【7 题详解】
标题判断题。根据第一段第一、二句 Probably no other musical instrument is as popular as the guitar. Musicians
use the guitar for almost every kind of music.“可能没有其他乐器像吉他一样受欢迎。音乐家几乎在每一种音乐
中都使用吉他。”可知，吉他对音乐有很大的影响，所以 D 项 Guitar and Music“吉他和音乐”是最佳主题。故
选 D。
C
History can be found at every turn, and every corner, as you walk the streets of this architectural marvel of a city,
and at Powis Place and Fraser Studios you are just a short 15-minute walk away from one of the oldest universities in
the country. Links can be found to The University of Aberdeen as far back as 1495, with a beautiful medieval (中世
纪的) campus to back up its claims.
It makes it the fifth oldest university in the whole of the UK, and as a result it has always been a well-regarded
higher education establishment. It has been voted the Scottish University of 2019 and is ranked in the Top 30
Universities in the UK in 2019. It attracts people from all over the UK and abroad. With distance learning choices, it
is an attractive proposition to many students. The Sir Duncan Rice Library has perfect views of the entire city and
beaches, and the university has one of the largest medical campuses in the whole of Europe.
Aberdeen University Students' Association (AUSA) is home to over 150 societies and hundreds of activities
relating to those societies. It ensures that whatever you are interested in you are well served when moving to the city
as a student. It is a fantastic way to meet and make new friends with people from all over the world. Within the Union
there is a cafe and a shop, with many food outlets providing daily refreshments (茶点) during breaks between lectures
and study. There are also plenty of volunteering and training opportunities to take part in, whether you are looking for
a hobby, to help others, to present your CV, or all of the above.
The University of Aberdeen certainly holds some reputations, home .to five previous Nobel Prize Winners, an
internationally-focused university in teaching and research, and even its very own tartan created in 1992 to celebrate
the university 's 500th anniversary.
8. When was the University of Aberdeen first built?
A. 2019. B. 1992.
C. 1495. D. 500.
9. What does the underlined words “proposition” most probably mean?
A. choice B. preparationC. building D. history
10. What can we know about Aberdeen University?
A. Five scientists won the Nobel Prize in 2019.
B. It gained the Scottish University of 2019.
C. It has the largest medical campus in the world.
D. It is the 30th biggest university in Europe.
11. What can we do in the Sir Duncan Rice Library?
A. Join AUSA for over 150 societies. B. Get volunteering opportunities.
C. Receive distance learning. D. Enjoy the whole city and beaches.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍 University of Aberdeen 的成立、发展史以及学校的特色。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中 Links can be found to The University of Aberdeen as far back as 1495, with a
beautiful medieval (中世纪的) campus to back up its claims.“早在 1495 年就可以找到阿伯丁大学(University of
Aberdeen)的链接，那里美丽的中世纪校园支持了它的说法。”由此可知，阿伯丁大学是 1495 年建成的。故
选 C。
【9 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 With distance learning choices“远程学习的选择”。再根据 it is an attractive
proposition to many students.“这对许多学生来说是一个有吸引力的建议。”由此推知，划线词的意思是“选
择”。故选 A。
【10 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中 It has been voted the Scottish University of 2019 and is ranked in the Top 30
Universities in the UK in 2019.“它曾被评为 2019 年苏格兰大学，并在 2019 年进入英国前 30 所大学。”由此可
知，Aberdeen University 获得了 2019 年苏格兰大学的学位。故选 B。
【11 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中 The Sir Duncan Rice Library has perfect views of the entire city and beaches,“邓肯·莱
斯爵士图书馆可以看到整个城市和海滩的完美景色，”由此可知，在 the Sir Duncan Rice Library 享受整个城
市和海滩。故选 D。
【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义做出正确选
择。本题第 2 小题，根据第二段中的 With distance learning choices“远程学习的选择”。再根据 it is an attractive
proposition to many students.“这对许多学生来说是一个有吸引力的建议。”由此推知，划线词的意思是“选择”。
故选 A。
D
In a study of young people in the UK aged 12-20, half of them said they had been bullied (欺凌) . People who are
bullied are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety. They might lose interest in the activities they enjoy,
avoid spending time with other people and not go to classes or school, which has a negative effect on their learning.
Bullying is not just physical, like hitting or kicking someone, or taking their things without permission. Bullying
can also be With words- -saying or writing things that are not nice. Another type of bullying is social- choosing not to
include someone, embarrassing someone or telling other people not to be friends with them. Bullying can happen at
school, on public transport, when you're walking home, online .... In fact, it can happen anywhere.
Bullying usually involves more people than you think. There are the people who bully and those who are bullied.
Sometimes other people help the bully or join in. Then there are the kids that support- -they don't bully anyone
directly, but they support the bullying by being audience. They laugh or encourage the children who are bullying in
other ways. This is why it's important for everyone to work together against bullying. Some children see what is
happening and want to help, although they don't know how. Others may comfort and defend the person being bullied.
To stop bullying we need everyone to be brave and take a stand.
Does your school do anything to prevent bullying? Why don't you create a student anti-bullying group? This
group can do many things. Let the head teacher know how well the school is doing with fighting bullying and give
them advice. Choose an anti-bullying slogan for your school, make posters and displays or take over the school's
social media for a week to send out anti-bullying messages.
Bullying is a social problem and it needs a solution from society- in other words, everyone. Next time you see
someone being cruel to someone else, take a stand! Don't laugh or ignore what's happening- -tell an adult as soon as
possible and help everyone to realize that bullying is not OK.
12. What happens to the students when they were school bullied?
A. They have interest in the activities. B. They are likely to talk with people.
C They have to finish their learning. D. They become upset and anxious.
13. What is the writer's attitude to being audience to bullying?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent.
.C. Critical. D. Optimistic.
14. What can we do to stop school bullying?
A. Watch and laugh at it. B. Realize and fight against it.
C. Comfort the victims. D. Stand by to be audience.
15. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. School bullying and ways out. B. An introduction to school bullying.
C. An anti-bullying slogan. D. A student anti-bullying group.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍学校欺凌的有关事宜。欺凌是一个社会问题，它需要社会——换句话说，就是
每个人。作者号召人们要认识到学校欺凌这一点并与之斗争。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中 People who are bullied are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety.“被欺负
的人更容易抑郁和焦虑。”由此可知，当学生在学校被欺负时，他们变得不安和焦虑。故选 D。
【13 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中 Then there are the kids that support- -they don't bully anyone directly, but they
support the bullying by being audience. They laugh or encourage the children who are bullying in other ways. This is
why it's important for everyone to work together against bullying. “还有一些孩子支持——他们不直接欺负任何
人，但他们通过做观众来支持欺负行为。他们嘲笑或鼓励那些以其他方式欺负别人的孩子。这就是为什么
大家齐心协力反对欺凌是很重要的。”和 To stop bullying we need everyone to be brave and take a stand.“为了制
止欺凌，我们需要每个人都勇敢起来，表明立场。”由此可知，作者对那些在有人被欺负时当观众的人持“批
评的”态度。故选 C。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 Bullying is a social problem and it needs a solution from society- in other words,
everyone. Next time you see someone being cruel to someone else, take a stand! Don't laugh or ignore what's
happening- -tell an adult as soon as possible and help everyone to realize that bullying is not OK.“欺凌是一个社会
问题，它需要社会——换句话说，就是每个人。下次你看到有人对别人很残忍的时候，站起来!不要笑，也
不要忽视正在发生的事情——尽快告诉一个成年人，帮助每个人意识到霸凌是不对的。”可知，要认识到学
校欺凌这一点并与之斗争。故选 B。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇关于学校欺凌的文章。欺凌是一个社会问题，它需要社会——换句话说，就是每个人。作者号召人们要认识到学校欺凌这一点并与之斗争。故选 A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Among the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), the World Health Organization (WHO) has
offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.
1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub if your hands are not visibly
dirty.___16___
2.___17___If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may contaminate (污染;传染) objects or people that
you touch. Throw tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and
water.
3. Keep at least one- meter distance between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing,
sneezing and have a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with a respiratory (呼吸系统)
disease project (喷射) small drops containing the virus.___18___
4. Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth because hands touch many surfaces, which can be contaminated with:
the virus. If you touch your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated hands, you can transfer the virus from the
surface to yourself.
5. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic (流行病). has been reported,
or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms.
6. Practice general hygiene(卫生) measures when visiting live animal markets, wet markets or animal product
markets.___19___. Avoid contact with potentially contaminated animal waste or fluids on the soil Or structures of
shops and market facilities.
7.___20___. Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked
food.
A. Avoid eating animal products
B. If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus
C. This helps knowing the virus if it's on your hands
D. Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products
E. This helps removing the virus if it's on your hands
F. Strictly avoid any contact with other animals in the market
G. Cover your mouth and nose with tissue when coughing and sneezing
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. D【解析】
这是一篇说明文。在新型冠状病毒肺炎(NCP)的暴发中，世界卫生组织(世卫组织)向公众提供了针对该病毒
的基本保护措施。文章介绍了所采取的保护措施。
【16 题详解】
上文提示“经常用肥皂和水洗手，如果你的手不是很脏，可以用含酒精的洗手液。”承接上文，E 项 This helps
removing the virus if it's on your hands（如果它在你的手上，这有助于去除病毒。）切题。故选 E。
17 题详解】
根据下文提示“如果你用手打喷嚏或咳嗽，你可能会污染你接触的物体或人。”承接下文，G 项 Cover your
mouth and nose with tissue when coughing and sneezing（咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻）切题。故选 G。
【18 题详解】
根据上文提示“与他人保持至少一米的距离，尤其是那些咳嗽、打喷嚏和发烧的人，因为感染了呼吸道疾病
的人咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会喷出含有病毒的小液滴。”承接上文，B 项 If you are too close, you can breathe in the
virus（如果你离得太近，你会吸入病毒。）切题。故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根据上文提示“到访活生动物市场、水货市场或动物产品市场时，应注意卫生。”再根据下文提示“避免接触
可能被污染的动物粪便或液体，接触商店和市场设施的土壤或结构。”承接上下文，F 项 Strictly avoid any
contact with other animals in the market（严禁在市场上接触其他动物）切题。故选 F。
【20 题详解】
根据下文提示“小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官，避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染。”承接下文，D 项 Avoid eating
raw or undercooked animal products（避免进食生的或未煮熟的动物产品）切题。故选 D。
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Ice and snow knocked at the window of the office where I was working. As the wind howled (呼啸) ,I___21___.
how I would get home. The 12-mile___22___took me up and down___23___hills and around dangerous turns. I
whispered a prayer for___24___.
Luckily, my___25___green car was doing___26___over the ice-covered roadway, However, as I drove onto
one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were___27___, and my trusty SUV was having difficulty
climbing the hill.
I decided it was time to___28___to four-wheel drive. I pulled the lever (操纵杆) back, just like my husband
【had___29___me. Slowly the tires grasped the road, and the top of the hill came within ___30___.
Unfortunately, at the top, the___31___just stopped. I pushed and pulled the lever- nothing happened. I
was___32___, with snow and ice flying.
Now what? Even though I had___33___no one on this lonely stretch of road, I___34___prayed that someone
might come to help. After a few minutes, I___35___an old, rattling (咯咯作响) pickup truck. A smiling young man
I'd never seen before in our small rural community rolled down his, ___36___and asked if I needed help. I
answered him that I did. He stepped into my car under the___37___ condition and showed me how to___38___the
four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into place.
In no time, I had the old car___39___toward home. When I thanked the___40___and asked if he lived around
the area, he just said, “Oh, over there.” Do I believe in miracles? Of course!
21. A. mentioned B. wondered C. discovered D. explained
22. A. roadway B. highway C. sidewalk D. railway
23. A. beautiful B. real C. interesting D. steep
24. A. wealth B. health C. safety D. satisfaction
25. A. new B. old C. lovely D. expensive
26. A. much B. badly C. again D. well
27. A. slipping B. disappearing C. growing D. changing
28. A. belong B. compare C. switch D. reply'
29. A. wished B. threatened C. awarded D. taught
30. A. heart B. mind C. sight D. hearing
31. A. vehicle B. snow C. wind D. road
32. A. stuck B. moved C. protected D. inspired
33. A. brought B. called C. met D. hurt
34. A. excitedly B. silently C. confidently D. proudly
35. A. created B. called C. repaired D. spotted
36. A. door B. lever C. window D. wheel
37. A. distant B. different C. gentle D. wintery
38. A. control B. destroy C. remove D. introduce
39. A. pointing B. moving C. marching D. dropping
40. A. relative B. friend C. enemy D. stranger
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者开着一辆旧车被困在大山里的公路上。最后遇到陌生人的帮忙，开车回家。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：风在呼啸，我不知道该怎么回家。A. mentioned 提到；B. wondered 想知道；C.
discovered 发现；D. explained 解释。根据第 1 空后的 how I would get home 可知，作者“想知道”怎样回家。
故选 B。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条 12 英里长的公路带我在陡峭的山坡上爬上爬下，绕过危险的弯道。A. roadway
道路；B. highway 高速公路；C. sidewalk 人行道；D. railway 铁路。根据第 1 空后的 how I would get home 和
第 2 空后的 took me up and down 可知，作者是走在“公路”上。故选 A。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条 12 英里长的公路带我在陡峭的山坡上爬上爬下，绕过危险的弯道。A.
beautiful 美丽的；B. real 真实的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. steep 陡峭的。根据第 3 空后的 hills and around
dangerous turns 可知，山路“陡峭”。故选 D。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低声祈祷安全。A. wealth 财富；B. health 健康；C. safety 安全；D. satisfaction
满足。根据第 4 空前的 whispered a prayer 可知，作者走在陡峭的山路上，祈祷自己“安全”。故选 C。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我那辆旧的绿色汽车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。A. new 新
的；B. old 旧的；C. lovely 可爱的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据第 19 空前的 I had the old car 可知作者开
的车是“旧车”。故选 B。
【26 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我那辆旧的绿色汽车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。 A. much 非
常；B. badly 严重地； C. again 又；D. well 很好地。根据第 5 空前的 Luckily 可知，车行驶的“很好”。故
选 D。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我开上一座最陡峭、最恐怖的小山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑，我那辆
信得过的 SUV 在爬山时遇到了困难。 A. slipping 滑动；B. disappearing 消失；C. growing 成长；D. changing
改变。根据第 7 空后的 my trusty SUV was having difficulty climbing the hill.可知，轮胎在“打滑”。故选 A。
【28 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定现在是换成四轮驱动的时候了。A. belong 属于；B. compare 比较；C. switch
转换；D. reply'回答。因为轮胎打滑，所以要“转换”成四轮驱动。故选 C。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把操纵杆拉了回来，就像我丈夫教我的那样。A. wished 希望；B. threatened
威胁；C. awarded 授予，判定；D. taught 教。根据第 9 空前的 like my husband 可知，拉操纵杆是丈夫“教
的”。故选 D。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，轮胎压住了路面，山顶就在眼前了。A. heart 心脏；B. mind 理智；C. sight
看见；D. hearing 听力。根据第 10 空前的 the top of the hill came 可知，“看见”了山顶。故选 C。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在顶部，车子停了下来。A.vehicle 车辆；B.snow 雪；C.wind 风；
D. road 公路。根据第 11 空后的 just stopped.可知，“车子”停了下来。故选 A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被雪和冰困住了。A. stuck 卡住；B. moved 移动，感动； C. protected
保护；D. inspired 鼓舞。根据第 12 空后的 with snow and ice flying.可知，我“被困住了”。故选 A。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我在这段孤独的路上没有遇到任何人，我还是默默祈祷有人能来帮助我。
A. brought 拿来；B. called 叫喊；C. met 遇见；D. hurt 伤害。根据第 13 空后的 no one on this lonely stretch of
road,可知，没有“遇到”任何人。故选 C。
【34 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我在这段孤独的路上没有遇到任何人，我还是默默祈祷有人能来帮助我。
A. excitedly 兴奋地；B. silently 沉默地；C. confidently 自信地；D. proudly 自好地。根据第 14 空后的 prayed
that someone might come to help.可知，为自己“默默地”祈祷。故选 B。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我发现了一辆老旧的、格格作响的小卡车。A. created 创造；B. called
叫喊，打电话；C. repaired 修理；D. spotted 发现。根据第 15 空后的 an old, rattling (咯咯作响) pickup truck 可
知，这时作者“发现”了一辆旧卡车。故选 D。
【36 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个我从未见过的面带微笑的年轻人摇下车窗，问我是否需要帮助。A. door 门；
B. lever 杠杆；C. window 窗户；D. wheel 车轮。根据 rolled down his 和 asked if I needed help 可知，车主摇下
“车窗”。故选 C。【37 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在冬天的情况下，他走进我的车里，教我如何控制四轮驱动的换挡装置，并
把它锁在合适的位置。A. distant 远方的；B. different 不相同的；C. gentle 温柔的；D. wintery 寒冷的。根据
第 12 空后的 with snow and ice flying 可知，此处指天气寒冷。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在冬天的情况下，他走进我的车里，教我如何控制四轮驱动的换挡装置，并把
它锁在合适的位置。A. control 控制；B. destroy 毁掉；C. remove 移除；D. introduce 介绍。根据第 18 空后的
the four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into place.可知，此处指“控制”换挡装置。故选 A。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我就把那辆旧车开回家去了。A. pointing 指向；B. moving 移动；
C. marching 行军；D. dropping 落下。根据第 19 空后的 toward home 可知，开车“回家”。故选 B。
【40 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我向陌生人道谢并问他是否住在附近时，他只是说:“哦，在那边。”A. relative
亲戚；B. friend 朋友；C. enemy 敌人；D. stranger 陌生人。根据第 20 空后的 asked if he lived around the area
可知，作者感谢“陌生人”。故选 D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy (书法) contains more than 200 art pieces including Arabic,
Chinese,___41___(Europe), Indian, Japanese and Slavic calligraphic works.
“One of the most interesting___42___(item) in the museum is a book of calligraphic work on the 36 military
tactics (战术) applied during wars in ancient China," Alexey Shaburov, founder and keeper of the
museum,___43___(tell) a group of reporters from China on November 24.
The giant book is exhibited in a large glass case. Shaburov took it out to show some of___44___(it) content.
Each tactic,___45___is usually expressed in four Chinese characters, is written on one page and accompanied by a
Russian translation on another page. The tactics represent the___46___(wise) of Chinese people. They are not only
useful on the battlefield___47___also for business and personal life.
He said he became crazy about calligraphy, so he decided___48___(establish) a calligraphic museum in
Moscow. The museum has played___49___important role in promoting calligraphy in Russia.“Calligraphy wasn't
seen as an art form in Russia. But this year, some of the artworks from our museum were made a part of the
non-public section of the Russian museum collection,” Shaburov said,___50___(add) that this means that
calligraphic works' are acknowledged as cultural heritage and will be protected in Russia.【答案】41. European
42. items 43. told
44. its 45. which
46. wisdom 47. but
48. to establish
49. an 50. adding
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。俄罗斯 The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy 收藏了 200 多件艺术作品，包括阿拉伯、
中国、欧洲、印度、日本和斯拉夫的书法作品。博物馆里最有趣的展品之一是一本关于中国古代战争中使
用的 36 种军事战术的书法书，文章介绍了这部作品。
【41 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当代书法博物馆收藏了 200 多件艺术作品，包括阿拉伯、中国、欧洲、印度、日本和
斯拉夫的书法作品。此处 works“作品”是名词，由形容词修饰，故填 European。
【42 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：“博物馆里最有趣的展品之一是一本关于中国古代战争中使用的 36 种军事战术的书
法书，”根据 one of 可知后面应该用名词复数，故填 items。
【43 题详解】
考查一般过去时态。句意：11 月 24 日，博物馆的创始人兼管理者阿列克谢·沙布罗夫(Alexey Shaburov)告诉
一群来自中国的记者。根据 on November 24 可知此处用一般过去时态，tell 的过去式是 told，故填 told。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：Shaburov 把它拿出来展示一些内容。此处 content 是名词，意思是“内容，
目录”，由形容词性物主代词修饰，故填 its。
【45 题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：每一种战术，通常用四个汉字来表达，写在一页纸上，并伴有另一页纸的
俄文翻译。此处 tactic 是先行词，指物，放在后面的定语从句作主语，且 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，
故填 which。
【46 题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些战术体现了中国人民的智慧。分析句子结构 the___6___(wise) of 可知定冠词 the 放在
名词前面，wise 是形容词，其名词是 wisdom。故填 wisdom。
【47 题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：它们不仅在战场上有用，而且在商业和个人生活中也有用。固定搭配：not only…but
also“不但…而且”。故填 but。
【48 题详解】
考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：他说他迷上了书法，所以他决定在莫斯科建立一个书法博物馆。固定搭配：
decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，此处是动词不定式作宾语，故填 to establish。
【49 题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：该博物馆在促进俄罗斯书法发展方面发挥了重要作用。固定搭配：play a role in“在…
中扮演角色”。此处 important 以元音因素开头，表示泛指“一”时用不定冠词 an。故填 an。
【50 题详解】
考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：他补充说，这意味着书法作品“被视为文化遗产，将在俄罗斯受到保护。
此处句子主语 Shaburov 和 add 之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语，故填 adding。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先
行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词 tactic，再分析先行词 tactic 在定语从句中所作的成分，将
先行词 tactic 带到从句中可知，只能作主语，因为是非限制性定语从句，故确定关系词为 which。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处错误，每
句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I heartedly want to be a volunteer of yours. Here is something about you. I am a student who will graduate senior
high school. I always regard my class as our family or sacrifice my personally interests whenever necessary. Besides
take an active part in class activities, I work responsibly to build up a good reputation for the team, I respected all the
people around me and I'm always willing to give a hand to those in need. I'm strict in myself, making every effort to
achieve an all-round development. In time of difficult, I always keep strong minded.
In addition, I am good at English both in speaking and in writing. I was in an American host family for 20 days
in the summer camp and know how to get along well with foreigners. Looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1. you→me/myself；2.在 graduate 后面加 from；3.or→and；4. personally→personal；5.take→taking；
6. respected→respect；7.in→with；8. difficult→difficulty；9.把 in writing 前的 in 去掉；10.the→a。
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇电子邮件。作者想成为一名志愿者，作者介绍了自己的情况。
【详解】1.考查人称代词宾格或反身代词。句意：我真心想成为你的志愿者。这是关于我/我自己的一些事
情。此处指的是“我”的事情，故把 you 改成 me/myself。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：我是一名即将从高中毕业的学生。固定搭配：graduate from“从……毕业”。故在
graduate 后面加 from。
3.考查并列连词。句意：我总是把我的班级当作我们的家庭，在必要的时候牺牲我的个人兴趣。此处是并列
的递进关系，而不是选择关系，故把 or 改成 and。
4.考查形容词。句意：我总是把我的班级当作我们的家庭，在必要的时候牺牲我的个人兴趣。此处 interests
是名词，由形容词修饰，personally 是副词，其形容词是 personal。故把 personly 改为 personal。
5.考查动名词作宾语。句意：除了积极参加班级活动，我还负责任地为团队建立良好的声誉，我尊重周围的
人，我总是愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。此处 Besides 是介词，意思是“除…之外，还有……”，所以介词后
面用动名词作宾语，故把 take 改成 taking。
6.考查一般现在时态。句意：除了积极参加班级活动，我还负责任地为团队建立良好的声誉，我尊重周围的
人，我总是愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。这在叙述一个事实，指目前的情况，所以句子用一般现咋在时态，
故把 respected 改成 respect。
7.考查固定词组。句意：我对自己要求严格，力求全面发展。固定词组：be strict with sb.“对某人严格要求”；
be strict in“对某事严格要求”。故把 in 改成 with。
8.考查名词。句意：在面对困难的时候，我总是保持坚强的意志。此处 in time of“面对……的时候”后面用名
词作宾语，故把 difficult 改成 difficulty。
9.考查动名词作宾语。句意：此外，我的英语口语和写作都很好。此处 both…and 连接两个并列的内容，这
里 speaking 和 writing 共用一个介词 in。故把 in writing 前的 in 去掉。
10.考查不定冠词。句意：我在美国的一个寄宿家庭参加了 20 天的夏令营，知道如何与外国人相处。此处指
一个夏令营，表示“泛指”，故把 the 改成 a。
第二节书面表达(满分 25 分)
52.据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)统计，全球 81%的青少年缺乏锻炼。假如你是李华，请根据以下要点用英语准备一篇发言稿，在一次国际中学生交流活动中发言。
1.缺乏运动的原因;
2.运动的好处;
3.如何制定运动计划。
注意:1.词数 100 字左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已 你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear fellow students,
According to the World Health Organization, 81% teenagers are lack of exercising.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you!
【答案】Dear fellow students,
According to the World Health Organization, 81% teenagers are lack of exercising. And it will lead to our health
problem. In my opinion, we should exercise every day.
As we all know, most of us think exercising is a waste of time for we are having much homework in high school.
We prefer phones than sports. However, sports can strengthen our body and make us energetic, which is beneficial to
our study. So, I want all of you to make a plan for daily exercise after hearing my speech. You can choose a sport you
like and make a reasonable time for doing it. Make sure you can insist otherwise you cannot gain the effect.
Anyhow, I hope all of you can change your mind and spend some time exercising.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇发言稿。
【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇发言稿：据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)统计，全
球 81%的青少年缺乏锻炼。假如你是李华，请根据以下要点用英语准备一篇发言稿，在一次国际中学生交
流活动中发言。1.缺乏运动的原因;2.运动的好处;3.如何制定运动计划。第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词
为（组），如：the World Health Organization（世界卫生组织）；lack of exercising（缺乏锻炼）；As we all know
（众所周知）；beneficial to our study（对我们的学习有好处）；等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美
观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很
高的驾驭英语的能力。文中使用高级句子。As we all know, most of us think exercising is a waste of time for we
are having much homework in high school.此处 as 引导非限制性定语从句；sports can strengthen our body and
make us energetic, which is beneficial to our study.句中 which 引导非限制性定语从句；另外，However,
Anyhow,等的运用为文章增色添彩。
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