2019-2020 学年第二学期高一年级 4 月月考自主测试
高一英语
（时间：60 分钟 满分：100）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
While smartphones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly
be a force for good. Your phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a
more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.
Habitica
Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring.
It’s a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular
repeating habits, you can add a more general todo list, and the rewards you get can be customized
too—you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.
Smoke Free
If you’ve got a specific habit in mind you’ll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free.
If you’re determined to give up smoking, this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you
that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features to
people wanting to go smokefree: the ability to see your progress over time, charts showing how
your health is improving, daybyday encouragement, and some advice on techniques for giving up
smoking.
MyFitnessPal
You can find tons of health and fitness apps for your phone, but MyFitnessPal stands out not
just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host
of data, from the calories(卡路里) you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week,
and offer reports on calorie consumption and macronutrient(大量营养素) breakdown.
1．What can Habitica help you to do?
A．Win a tough game. B．Start a lasting friendship.
C．Find a fancy restaurant. D．Develop a pleasant habit.
2．Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?
A．The freedom to smoke. B．The ability to make progress.
C．Advice on how to quit smoking. D．Charts about your excellent health.
3．What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?A．They’re cheap. B．They’re practical. C．They’re free. D ． They’re
interesting.
B
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of
2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flowerfilled occasions that got
her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown
away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their
flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted
to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in
nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not
having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a
list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a
mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and
we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the
elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the
elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from
Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says
Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie
helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days,
Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with
corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point
is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
4．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie
A．The waste of flowers. B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends. D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
5．What was the woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited. C．She was worried. D．She was
surprised.
6．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?
A．It should focus on primary care. B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance. D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit
institutions.
7．What is the best title for the text?A．Volunteer Your Time B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers
C
You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketball match or a wonderful
firework show in case you might miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye. But in fact,
humans blink about 15 times per minute on average. Have you ever missed anything because you
blinked? Probably not. Why is that?
According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has
the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink. It can keep visual information for a short
period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.
In order to understand how this works, a group of scientists at the German Primate Center and
the University Medical Center Gottingen in Germany conducted an experiment. In the study, the
participants were asked to look at patterns on a screen whose direction could be interpreted in
different ways, such as horizontally(水平地) or vertically(垂直地). When one pattern was about to
disappear and the next one was about to come, the participants had to indicate the direction that the
next pattern would appear.
The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our
brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity
when two patterns were in the same direction.
“The medial prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮层) adjusts current visual information with previously
obtained information, and thus enables us to perceive the world with more stability, even when we
briefly close our eyes to blink, ” Caspar Schwiedrzik explained in Science Daily. He is the first
author of the study and also a scientist at the German Primate Center.
8．We don’t miss anything when blinking because our brain can ________．
A．deal with the missing image B．remember all that we see
C．imagine what our eyes miss D．put our pieces of memory together
9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Our brain. B．Visual information. C．Current Biology. D ． The temporary
darkness.
10．What do we know about the experiment?
A．The two patterns appear at the same time. B．Visual memory can be more activated by
similarity.
C．Participants can interpret patterns differently. D ． The different directions activated visual
memory.
11．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Brain’s Structure B．The Brain’s Activated PatternsC．The Brain’s Special Skill D．The Brain’s Reaction
D
In the story of the Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop’s Fables, a thirsty crow drops stones into a
narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.
Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. Crows actually do understand how to make
water displacement(排水量) work to their advantage, experiments show. The results suggest that the
birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.
Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge, presented six crows with
tubes containing water. Inside the tubes, a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating,
just out of reach of the crow. In front of the tubes, the researchers arranged several rubber erasers
that would sink, and some plastic objects that would float. The crows found out that they could drop
the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.
However, the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop
objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects
into a narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after
just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube.
The crows obviously didn’t realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.
Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011
study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was
floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.
12．How did the crows get the snack in Sarah’s experiment?
A．By breaking the tube. B．By dropping in erasers.
C．By standing on the wood. D．By removing the wood.
13．What does the underlined part “the birds handled awkwardly” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．They were unable to tell different shapes. B ． They dropped objects only into narrow
tubes.
C．They were not aware of the snack at first sight. D．They mostly avoided the easier way to get
the snack.
14．What does the text mainly focus on?
A．Stories of Aesop’s Fables. B．The development of crows.
C．Crows’ intelligence. D．Humananimal communication.
15．What do we know about crows in the passage?
A．Crows are almost as clever as firstgraders in some aspects.
B．Crows understand water displacement completely.
C．Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.
D．The story of the Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.第二节 七选五(共 5 小题； 每小题 2 分， 满分 10 分)
根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Ways to Finally Become a Morning Person
Calculate your perfect bedtime
The easiest way to wake up earlier in the morning is to get enough sleep. 16 : For a week,
remember the number of hours you sleep, including weekends. Divide that number by seven to
calculate your nightly need. Think about a time you've been on vacation or of a night you felt
particularly rested—how much sleep did you get? Once you have that number, calculate backwards
from the time you want to get up and plan to go to bed at that new hour.
Find out your stayawake things
Nighttime can go away fast, especially when you have a lot to accomplish. To be successful in
having an earlier bedtime, you may need to set an alarm. And contrary to popular advice, you don't
have to turn off the light right before bed. 17 , but reading a thriller may not be the best idea.
Create a morning todo list
Another good habit is to think about what you want to accomplish in the morning. Having a
morning goal is the best motivation（动力）. 18 This way you'll feel like you're on a task when
you wake up, you'll get closer to your morning goal and you'll have a clear schedule to follow.
19
People who exercise are easy to sleep better than those who don't. Indeed, studies have shown a
strong connection to a better quality of sleep for people who work out at least 10 minutes a day.
20 , which in turn helps fight with sleeplessness.
A. Praise yourself
B. Take some exercise
C. Reading is a great way to relax
D. Write three tasks you have to do the next day
E. Here's how to figure out your sleep needs
F. One reason: exercise reduces your stress levels
G. It can be difficult to develop a new habit even if you know the habit is positive and useful
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节， 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 20 小题； 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he
went unnoticed—he had been 21 every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma
appeared.
In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was 22 for basic skills.“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the 23 ， “except for
one boy. And it 24 my heart to tell you this, but...” she 25 ， “the smartest boy in the seventh
grade is failing my class.” Steve 26 his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma 27 punished him, he
remained 28 .
“Steve, please! I care about you！”
29 , Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”
One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a 30 on the weekend homework.
Steve 31 through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of 32 ， Miss Wilma
took his paper and began to look it over.
Miss Wilma’s face was in a 33 shock! She glanced up at Steve, then 34 ， then up. The
smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he
remember and understand 35 , but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became
36 ．
After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) 37 military career. During his
naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have 38 themselves without him.
A 39 took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who 40 about him.
21. A.missing B.failing C.passing D.skipping
22．A.tested B.classified C.separated D.dismissed
23．A.questions B.effects C.lessons D.results
24．A.fills B.presses C.breaks D.destroys
25．A.shouted B.hesitated C.interrupted D.laughed
26．A.dropped B.raised C.covered D.closed
27．A.strangely B.steadily C.severely D.secretly
28．A.helpless B.stubborn C.flexible D.crazy
29．A.Commonly B.Unwillingly C.Particularly D.Suddenly
30．A.quiz B.chance C.speech D.presentation
31．A.slept B.looked C.lived D.hurried
32．A.disappointment B.surprise C.satisfaction D.inspiration
33．A.bitter B.total C.precious D.ridiculous
34．A.down B.away C.out D.back
35．A.homework B.grades C.knowledge D.subjects
36．A.outstanding B.lazy C.rough D.troublesome
37．A.tiring B.ordinary C.hardworking D.successful38．A.relied on B.looked after C.turned to D.believed in
39．A.competition B.choice C.change D.campaign
40．A.waited B.listened C.wished D.cared
第二节 语篇填空(共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 41 (avoid) human beings, a
new study finds.
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals may
move around less or travel to far places to keep away 42 people. By being awake at night,
animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 43 (look) for
food.
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 44 (fright)
animals and cause them to become more active at night. 45 had been studied were lions in
Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 46 (careful) how
much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and
farming. 47 was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in nighttime
activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results 48 (publish) in the journal
Science two months ago.
The new findings are 49 (usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail
before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 50 (surprise) that any kind of human activities is
enough for animals to see people as a threat.
第三部分 单项选择(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
51. Last month ， an earthquake _______ six on Richter scale happened in the northern part of
Indonesia.
A. measured B. to measure C. to be measured D. measuring
52. He is a breast cancer_________, who has devoted all his time and energy to studying it.
A. specialist B. physician C. physicist D. surgeon
53. That boy is being a real______.
A. insect B. pest C. worm D. bacterium
54. People of a kind come together. Birds of a _______flock together.
A. leather B. fur C. moustache D. feather
55.We don’t accept the responsibility but we will refund the money as a ______ of goodwill.
A. posture B. gesture C. state D. rank
56.It is________ that he should have failed to win the race. A. certain B. wonder C. curious D. mess
57. He dyed his beard to avoid____________ .
A. to be recognized B. being recognized C. recognition D. recognize
58. The competition attracted over 500 players ____________8 different countries.
A. to represent B. represented C. representing D. who
represents
59. I was the first reporter ________ to take pictures of giant pandas in the reserve.
A. to permit B. to be permitted C. permitted D. permitting
60. I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with_________ .
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
2019-2020 学年第二学期高一年级 4 月月考自主测试
高一英语 答案
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
A【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三款在日常生活中很实用的手机软件。
1．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits
into a game, with its own characters and scoring. It’s a lot of fun, and the app also lets you build
habits with friends and family.”可知，Habitica 是一款培养用户好习惯的软件，该软件有自己的
角色和得分，很有趣，还可以让你的朋友和家人受益。故 D 项正确。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“the ability to see your progress over time, charts
showing how your health is improving, daybyday encouragement, and some advice on techniques
for giving up smoking”可知，在这款软件中，你可以看到你的进步，通过图表你可以看到健康
改善的过程，此外，用户每天还可得到鼓励和一些关于戒烟技巧的建议。故 C 项正确。
3．B 解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了三款在日常生活中很实用的手机软件，包括好习
惯养成软件、戒烟软件和健康与健身软件。并结合第一段中的“a more beneficial way of living”
可推知，B 项正确。
B【语篇解读】本文讲述了 Christine Law 把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美
的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
4. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More
often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可
知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使 Christine Law 成立了 Floranthropie 这个机构。故选 A。
5．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a
mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当 Christine Law 给第一位女士
送花时，她感到难以置信。故选 D。
6．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big
difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème 认为 Floranthropie 做的事产生了
很大影响，故 C 项符合文意。
7．D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了 Christine Law 为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花
送给老人们，给他们的生活带来了美。故 D 项适合作文章标题。
C【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。
8．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“According to a new study published in the journal
Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we
blink.”可知，九月份发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼不
会让我们错过任何东西，故 A 项正确。
9．B 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段第二句“It can keep visual information for a short period of
time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.”可知，大脑可以在短时间内保
存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像，故可推知，it 指代上文中的“visual
information”，故 B 项正确。
10．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the
area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less
activity when two patterns were in the same direction”可知，当两种模式的方向不一致时，掌握视
觉记忆的大脑区域被激活；当两种模式在同一方向时，这个区域显示出较少的活动。据此可
知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆，故 D 项正确。
11．C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明，眨眼
不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一
起形成不中断的图像信息。故 C 项最适合作本文的标题。
D【语篇解读】 本文介绍了科学家通过实验对乌鸦智商的研究。
12．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the
erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.”可知，乌鸦能够把橡皮擦
扔到管子里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。故选 B 项。
13．D 解析：推理判断题。从第四段可知，实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时，虽然只
需往细管里投两次物体就可以获得零食，而需往粗管里投大约七次物体才能够获得零食，但
是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边，而没有选择更容易获得零食的细管。由此可推知，画线部分是说
它们通常没有选择更容易的方式来获得零食。
14．C 解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in
some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.”以及下文中的实验可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问
题来展开的。
15．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in
some aspects, as smart as firstgraders.”可知，乌鸦在一些方面几乎跟一年级的学生一样聪明。
第二节七选五(共 5 小题； 每小题 2 分， 满分 10 分)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了让自己早起的终极绝招。
16.E 解析：根据本段小标题“Calculate your perfect bedtime.”及下文“For a week...calculate
backwards from the time you want to get up and plan to go to bed at that new hour.”可知，本段建议
计算出你的理想上床时间。
17.C 解析：根据上文“And contrary to popular advice，you don't have to turn off the light right before
bed.”及下文“but reading a thriller may not be the best idea.”可知，与普遍流行的建议相反，你睡觉前不必关灯。阅读是放松的好方法，但是读一部恐怖小说可不是最好的主意。
18.D 解析：根据本段小标题“Create a morning todo list.”及下文“This way you'll feel like you're on
a task when you wake up，you'll get closer to your morning goal and you'll have a clear schedule to
follow.”可知，本段建议罗列好早起事宜，写出第二天要做的三项工作。
19.B 解析：根据下文“People who exercise are easy to sleep better than those who don't.”可知，锻
炼的人往往比那些不锻炼的人睡眠质量高，故 B 项符合题意。
20.F 解析：根据上文“Indeed，studies have shown a strong connection to a better quality of sleep for
people who work out at least 10 minutes a day.”可知，事实上，研究表明，每天至少锻炼 10 分钟
与睡眠质量高有大大的关联性。原因之一：运动可以降低你的压力水平，这反过来又有助于
对抗失眠。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节， 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 20 小题； 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 30 分)
【语篇解读】Steve 曾经每次考试都不及格，但是 Miss Wilma 看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里
最聪明的学生，而且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve 感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦
学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。
21．B 解析：根据下文可知，Steve 学习成绩很差；故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及
格，故选 B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。
22．A 解析：根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说在第一学期过半的时候，七年级全部学生
进行了基本技能测试(tested)。
23．D 解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试
成绩(results)。
24．C 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉 Steve 他考试没及格使 Miss Wilma 心碎。break
one’s heart “使某人心碎”。
25．B 解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma 的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)了
一下继续说道。
26．A 解析：根据语境可知，Steve 此次测试未及格，所以当 Miss Wilma 提到 Steve 的时候，
Steve 双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop one’s eyes“垂下某人的眼睛”。
27．C 解析：根据上文“After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework.”并结合语境可推知，
即使 Miss Wilma 严厉地(severely)惩罚了 Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。
28．B 解析：参见上题解析。
29．D 解析：根据语境可知，Steve 突然(Suddenly)顿悟，有人关心着自己。
30．A 解析：根据下文“Steve ________ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可
知，该处表示 Miss Wilma 组织了一场小测试(quiz)。
31．D 解析：根据该句中的“was the first to hand in his paper”可推知，Steve 很快(hurried)就完成了测试。
32．B 解析：根据下文中的“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ________ shock！”可知，Miss Wilma
对 Steve 的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。disappointment“失望”；satisfaction“满意”；inspiration“鼓舞
人心的人(或事物)”。
33．B 解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma 深感震惊。a total shock“深感震惊”，为固定搭配。
34．A 解析：根据该句“She glanced up at Steve, then ________, then up.”可知，Miss Wilma 深
感震惊，上下(down)打量 Steve。
35．C 解析：根据语境以及空后的“but he could translate what he learned into his life”可知，Steve
不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识(knowledge)应用到生活中。
36．A 解析：根据上文内容可知，Steve 不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用
到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(outstanding)。
37．D 解析：根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve 参加了海军，并且度过了成功的
(successful)军旅生涯。tiring“令人困倦的”；ordinary“普通的”；hardworking“努力的”。
38．D 解析：根据语境可知，Steve 在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果不是他，这些
年轻人可能不会相信(believed in)自己。
39．C 解析：根据上文可知，Steve 在 Miss Wilma 的关心下，发生了改变(change)。
40．D 解析：参见上题解析。此处与上文中的“I care about you！”呼应。
第二节 语篇填空(共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)
【语篇解读】 人类活动导致许多动物在夜间清醒以保持警惕状态。
41．to avoid 解析：考查非谓语动词。狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开
人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
42．from 解析：考查固定搭配。keep away from...“远离……”，为固定搭配。
43．looking 解析：考查固定用法。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，为固定用法。
44．frighten 解析：考查动词。最新研究表明，即使像务农和野营这样的活动也会惊吓到动
物，进而导致它们夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词 can 后应接动词原形，故应用名词 fright 的动
词形式 frighten。
45．What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且缺少主语，故用 What，
意为“……的事物”。
46．carefully 解析：考查副词。修饰句中的谓语动词 compared 应用副词。
47．It 解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉 It was 和 that 之后，句子表意完整，
故该句为强调句型“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分．”。
48．were published 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词 publish 和句子
的主语 Results 是被动关系，且根据时间状语 two months ago 可知，描述的是发生在过去的事
情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。49．unusual 解析：考查形容词。先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现
显得不同寻常。
50．surprised 解析：考查过去分词。此处为过去分词作表语，表示主语 Marlee Tucker 的状
态，故填 surprised。
第三部分 单项选择(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
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