山东省烟台市2020年高考诊断性测试（高三一模）英语试题（含答案）

2020 年高考诊断性测试 英 语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分　阅读 （共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Our favorite tech gifts of 2019 When it comes time for the holiday shopping season, we’re extra choosy about the countless technology products that we will buy and give to friends and family. Here’s what impressed editors, reporters and producers the most in 2019. Lumos Matrix I recently bought a Lumos Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with built-in lights to make riding my bike at night a lot safer and less stressful. It’s a regular pain point for bikers like me to make sure absent-minded drivers see you, especially when it’s dark. This definitely helps. — Matt mcfarland, Writer Goodreads app Although this isn’t a gift, the free Goodreads app is a gamechanger. At the beginning of 2019, I promised myself I’d read at least one new book every month. I set a goal of 12 books on Goodreads and used it to track my progress, keep a list of books I’m interested in and check out what friends and others on the app were recommending. I read 35 books this year! (That’s up from five books last year.) Goodreads feels like one of the rare feel-good social networks. — Kaya Yurieff, Tech Reporter Ember coffee cup[来源:学,科,网] I drink my coffee slowly so it has routinely cooled by the time I get halfway through it. For my birthday, my mum bought me a cup ($99), which keeps my coffee warm until I finish it without trips to the microwave for reheating. I can also set the specific temperature I want. It makes my mornings so much easier. — Millie Dent, Intern 1. What is the main advantage of Lumos Matrix helmet? A. Helping drivers concentrate. B. Managing the bad weather. C. Making night riding safer. D. Making bikers less painful. 2. What does the writer mean by referring to the Goodreads app as “a gamechanger”? A. It changes some readers’ reading rules. B. It provides readers with free internet games. C. It limits the number of books a reader can read. D. It inspires readers to read more through interactions. 3. Which of the following can best describe Ember coffee cup? A. Eco-frien dly. B. Convenient. C. Expensive. D. Simple. B Every year, the brightest young scientists from around the globe come together to participate in the world’s largest pre-college science competition, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). They demonstrate their knowledge of science and engineering to improve the way we work and live. One of 2019’s winners, Katie Lu, found a method for removing oil from water. This concept can also be applied to the removal of microplastics from our oceans as well. Here is what Katie told reporters: My experience at Intel ISEF was amazing! I remember on judging day, walking the exhibit hall and looking at the people gathered outside waiting to get in. My teacher turned to me and said, “That’s the future right there.” It was so amazing to spend time with all of these participants who are going to do amazing things in the future. My scientific career has taught me not to fear failure and not to be afraid to ask for help. It’s really easy to be overwhelmed (挫败) and wonder if what you’re doing is going to work out, but even if it doesn’t, it’s OK! Always look on the positive side! A failure now doesn’t mean you’re a failure forever. Failure makes success feel earned when it comes. Also, asking for help is good when you’re struggling. You learn how to do things a lot faster and more efficiently. I’m shocked that some people are still skeptical about climate change. It is real, it is dangerous and it is one of the most important issues of our generation. Reducing carbon emissions isn’t a “should”, it is a “must” to continue living on the planet. Additionally, people aren’t really worried about their personal impact on the earth in terms of littering, overusing plastic or wasting resources. If we don’t curb harmful human activity before it’s too late, it will be a problem that affects all humans, not just those that contribute. 4. What seems to concern Katie most? A. Ocean exploration. B. The overpopulation on the earth. C. Environmental problems. [来源:Z.xx.k.Com] D. The shortage of natural energy. 5. What can we learn from what Katie’s teacher said? A. No Intel ISEF, no future. B. All the talents are at the Intel ISEF. C. The participants will make the future amazing. D. Katie should try to do better than the other participants. 6. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us？ A. The setbacks Katie experienced in her science. B. The relationship between failure and success. C. Seeking help is a shortcut to doing things well. D. What Katie has gained from her scientific career. 7. What does the underlined word “curb” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Punish. B. Control. C. Deny. D. Measure. C The Underwater Photographer of the Year, which originated from 1965, is a yearly contest based in the United Kingdom. As you might expect, the focus is on photos taken under water, whether in the ocean, in lakes or rivers, or even swimming pools. The pictures are judged in several different categories. The contest in 2019 had over 5,500 entries from 70 different countries. The grand prize winner was “Frozen Mobile Home” by French photographer Greg Lecoeur. The photo shows seals swimming around a small iceberg. To get the picture, Mr. Lecoeur traveled to Antarctica in a small boat and spent time tracking the life around floating icebergs. The photo “Last Dawn, Last Gasp” by Pasquale Vassallo of Italy won the award for Ocean Protection Photographer of the Year. Mr. Vassallo said that he went diving early in the morning to take this picture of a tuna (金枪鱼) trapped as fishermen pulled their nets in. Mr. Vassallo als o took “Octopus Training”, a picture that won in the category of “Behavior”. He says that when he came up after a dive, he noticed a soccer ball floating on the surface. When he went to check it out, he saw that there was an octopus hanging from the ball. Mr. Vassallo says he doesn’t understand what the octopus was doing, but wonders if it was training for the World Cup. Though Rooman Luc of Belgium didn’t win the “Portrait” category, his photo, titled “Angry Seahorse”, is quite striking. The close-up shot of a seahorse staring strictly into the camera was named runner up (second place). He said he spent nearly an hour standing in knee-high water being bitten by mosquitos in order to get the picture. The contest has many more amazing photos that can be viewed on the site, along with the stories behind them. There is even a book with all of the contents that can be downloaded for free. 8. Which isn’t suitable to enter the Underwater Photographer of the Year contest? A. The crying dolphin. B. Saving the elephant. C. The dancing lemon shark. D. Kissing the whale. 9. In which section of a web site can we read the text? A. Arts. B. Literature. C. Documentary. D. Education. 10. What is the photo “Last Dawn, Last Gasp” aimed to tell us? A. A tuna is hard to shoot. B. We should protect ocean animals. C. Diving early in the morning is painful. D. There are too many fishing nets in the sea. 11. What can we learn from the photo of “Octopus Training”? A. The Octopus is endangered. B. Photo-taking should be serious. C. The photographer has a sense of humor. D. The photographer is concerned about the Octopus. DIf you’ve ever been on a fishing boat, you’ve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch a snack. Now scientists use those birds’ behavior to track illegal fishing boats. Researchers attached data loggers to the backs of 169 albatrosses (信天翁) in Indian oceans. Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitting from boats. That information was then sent by satellite, so the researchers could track the location of the birds—and thus the radar-emitting boats—in real time. The scientists then cross-checked that data against the known locations of boats, collected from a system boats use to declare themselves, called the Automatic Identification System (AIS). And noticeable differences appeared frequently. More than a third of the times the birds “loggers” detected radar signals, and therefore a boat, but no such boat appeared in the official log—meaning that the vehicles had likely switched off their AIS—something that probably happens in illegal fishing operations. The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations don’t target the birds. Fortunately, such a task would be difficult. Around fishing boats, you can find hundreds of birds at any one time that are flying around. And the birds with loggers are not marked in any way. So it’s not really possible for fishermen to pick out a specific bird. But what concerns researchers is that albatrosses often get caught by some fishing boats. Though regulations have been established to protect against that happening—with success—illegal boats don’t necessarily obey. So scientists might be underestimating the risk posed to albatross populations. 12. What characteristic of albatrosses do scientists take advantage of in their research? A. Their feeding patterns. B. Their sense of direction. C. Their greedy behaviors. D. Their habit of following fishing boats. 13. For what purpose does a boat shut off its AIS? A. To seek more fishes. B. To have it mistaken for another. C. To avoid being detected. D. To save the trouble of declaring itself. 14. What does “such a task” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. Identifying birds with loggers. B. Monitoring illegal boats. C. Tracking radar signals automatically. D. Fishing illegally. 15. What could be the best title for the text? A. AIS: an Effective System to Locate Boats B. Humans Are Good at Discovering Birds’ Nature C. Data Loggers Help Fishermen Get a Good Harvest D. Scientists Use Birds to Track Illegal Fishing Operations 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food, we want slow food!” 16 One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal. But the food didn’t taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo. Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement. 17 First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn’t been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. 18 Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different. Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. 19 Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment. And third, food should be fair. 20 All people should be able to purchase healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work. They should work in safe, healthy conditions. A. Food should not cost too much money. B. Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people. C. Over time, they can cause health problems in people too. D. That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being. E. It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food. F. Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy. [来源:学_科_网 Z_X_X_K]G. This event wasn’t the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 My twin sister, Dawn, born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), has to wear braces (吊带) on her legs and walk with the help of a stick, often causing people to 21 and point. As Dawn was the only “different” child in our neighborhood, we were constantly picked on. We never had any friends because of her condition. I began to 22 Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her. So I did everything to get her into trouble to 23 her being born mentally and physically disabled. When I turned twelve, my mother was so displeased with my behavior. She figured I was 24 enough to know better. One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me a thick yellow book. What I saw in that book 25 the way I viewed my disabled sister. There were many baby 26 of Dawn and me dressed alike, the only 27 : I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines. If you looked closely, you could see the 28 in her eyes though she was always smiling. One picture stood out: we were 29 each other. The words below read, “I’m so happy to have a twin sister, Netti. The doctors make me cry. She makes me 30 .” Looking back, I realized how 31 I had been! I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes! Feeling 32 , I cried myself to sleep. Later, Dawn came to wake me up for dinner. I kissed her and hugged her 33 like in the picture. From then on, I was Dawn’s 34 . No one was going to hurt her for any reason. We were 35 . I am her the other half and she is my world. 21. A. complain B. wander C. stare D. envy 22. A. hate B. pity C. disturb D. warn 23. A. put up with B. make use of C. keep track of D. get back at 24. A. patient B. old C. clever D. confident 25. A. formed B. changed C. explained D. confirmed 26. A. pictures B. clothes C. toys D. stories 27. A. problem B. spotlight C. similarity D. difference 28. A. courage B. disappointment C. pain D. concern29. A. hugging B. supporting C. comforting D. praising 30. A. improve B. think C. laugh D. survive 31. A. rude B. selfish C. responsible D. innocent 32. A. helpless B. unhappy C. desperate D. ashamed 33. A. politely B. seriously C. tightly D. purposely 34. A. protector B. assistant C. educator D. consultant 35. A. irreplaceable B. undefeatable C. unimaginable D. inseparable 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Max Bobholz was only 12 years old when he came up with the idea of creating a charity to provide baseball equipment to children in Africa. While 36 (watch) baseball, his favorite sport, on TV in 2012, Max learned that teams from Africa didn’t have proper equipment to play. They either made equipment themselves or had to share 37 very few items they had among all the children. Max thought about all the extra bats, balls and equipment he and his friends had in their garages and homes. Then, inspired by his baseball coach, T. Williquette, and those 38 were active in charity, he decided to take action and help. Thus, an 39 (influence) charity was started. 40 (know) as Angels at Bat, Max’s charity has donated over 10,000 pieces of equipment to kids in need since its founding! Along with this, Max has traveled to Africa several times 41 (donate) equipment and coach the kids, developing Angels at Bat into 42 it is today. Angels at Bat has now grown to include nine 43 (branch) in eight states around the USA. And it is the primary source of baseball equipment for the entire country of Kenya. Max 44 (honor) as one of the 5 CNN Young Wonders of 2018 for his inspiring spirit of giving and service. “Anybody at any age can make a difference. So if you are passionate about something, stick to it and through hard work, you 45 (true) can make your dream come true,” says Max. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 假如你是校英文报主编，最近校报拟开设“我身边的英雄”栏目。请根据如下提示写 一则征稿启事(电子邮箱：Englishcolumn @163.com)： 1. 开设目的； 2. 稿件要求； 3. 投稿方式和截止日期。 注意：1. 词数：80 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[来源:Z.Com] Contributions Wanted _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为 150 左右。 An anxious call came into Jimmy Gilleece’s bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at the bar, couldn’t find her wallet. She didn’t care about her ID, credit cards, or $150 in cash—but her wedding ring was inside. Gilleece didn’t like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he set out to find the wallet. He spent hours looking through security-camera videos, watching the woman’s every step in the bar until she went to sit on a chair outside and left when her ride arrived. Within minutes, a young man approached the bench, slipped something into his pocket, and walked off. Gilleece posted a clip (剪辑) on the bar’s Facebook page. “I didn’t want to punish him,” he said. “I just asked if anybody knew who the guy was.” Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Prather, who admitted having taken the wallet and told Gilleece he’d done it because he hadn’t eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake (假的), so he took the money and threw the wallet off the dock (码头) into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich. Gilleece, unsure whether he believed Prather, told the teen to meet him at the dock, where they got talking and Prather revealed that he wasn’t getting along with his family and had been living in the woods for a week. Judging from Prather’s small body and red cheeks, Gilleece saw him for what he was: more of a kid than a criminal. But the police were already on the case, and because of the missing ring, Prather could be facing charges. “He would be going to big boy prison. I have to help him somehow,” Gilleece thought. Para. 1：Gilleece paid two divers to search the waters where Prather had thrown the wallet. _____________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2: Then suddenly a diver came up to the surface of the water. _______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 烟台市 2020 年高考诊断性测试 英语试题参考答案 第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解：1—3 CDB 4—7 CCDB 8—11 BABC 12—15 DCAD 第二节 七选五：16—20 GBECA 第二部分　语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空：（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 21—25 CADBB 26—30 ADCAC 31—35 BDCAD 第二节 语法填空：（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 36. watching 37. the 38. w ho/that 39. influential 40. Known 41. to donate 42. what 43. branches 44. was honored 45. truly 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分 40 分）[ 第一节应用文写作（满分 15 分）(One possible version) Contributions Wanted To share inspiring stories abou t heroes and let the whole school learn from them, we’re to launch a new column The Hero Around Me.[来源:学,科,网 Z,X,X,K] Everyone is welcome to write articles about a hero around you, including the he ro’s name, his/her great spirit and heroic deeds that touch you. What you write should be accurate and real. Besides, your contributions are expected to be within 300 words. Please send your contributions to our editorial department or email them to Englishcolumn @163.com before April 28. 第二节读后续写（满分 25 分） (One possible version) Gilleece paid two divers to search the waters where Prather had thrown the wallet. A crowd gathered, excitedly watching the two divers sea rching in the strong current. Nearby, two policemen were also waiting. More than an hour passed but there was no sign of the ring. The crowd gradually got impatient, starting to tal k noisily. Gilleece grew increasingly worried, especially when the policemen began questioning Prather, attempting to get him to admit keeping the ring. Each passing minute increased the chance that they would arrest the young man. Then suddenly a diver came up to the surface of the water. In his hand was the wallet an d inside was the ring. Loud cheers erupted from the crowd. Gilleece quickly called the wallet’s owner, who was wild with joy and immediately dropped the charges against Prather. With tears of gratitude rolling do wn his cheeks, Prather hugged Gilleece tightly, saying “You’ve saved me today. I couldn’t thank you enough!” Prather promised to go back home to join his family. Gilleece’s act of kindness changed a teen’s life.