2019-2020 学年度苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查(一)
英语试题
第一卷(选择题共 85 分)
第一部分听力(共两节,满分 20 分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答
题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小
题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of gardening?
A.Tiring B. Boring. C Enjoyable
2. Why does the man call Johnson's office?
A. To ask for sick leave B. To have his car repaired. C. To put off the appointment.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She won't sit next to John. B She doesn't like the movie. C She enjoys talking to John
4. Where is the man probably now?
A. At home B. In the office C. In a restaurant
5. How much does the woman pay for her tickets?
A. $8.8 B.$10. C.$11.2
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选
出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5
秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料,回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. Why is the man going to Chengdu?
A To go on business B. To call on his aunt C. To make a living
7. When will it probably be sunny in Chengdu?
A Next Monday. B Next Thursday. C Next Saturday
听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 9 题。8. What's the matter with the woman's phone?
A. It has run out of power. B. It is loaded with too many things C. It stores too many online pictures
9. What will Nancy probably do next?
A Buy a memory card B. Ask for the man's help C. Remove some pictures
听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the man ask the woman to do for him?
A Draw some money. B Change some money C Make new regulations
11. How much can the man change at most after 3: 00 pm?
A.$300 B. $ 400 C. $600
12. What can we know about the woman?
A. She's impatient B. She's considerate C. She's responsible.
听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A Latest meetings B Job changes C. Trip plans.
14. Where is Sherry going to work?
A Shenzhen B. Beijing C Shanghai
15. What can we know about Trish?
A. She is fed up with her work
B. She wants to apply for a transfer
C. She enjoys traveling at her job
16. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
A Colleagues B. A couple C Customer and saleswoman.
听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. At what age was Laurent Simons admitted into university?
A. At 8 B. At 9 C. At 10
18. What is Laurent Simons' major now in the university?
A Medicine B. Electrical Engineering. C. Artificial Intelligence
19. Why does Laurent Simons want to create artificial hearts in the future?
A. To complete his final project.
B. To help those with heart diseaseC To follow in his parents' footsteps
20. What are Laurent Simon’s parents doing for his development?
A. Forcing him to learn quickly.
B Forbidding him from any hobbies
C Carefully letting him enjoy himself.
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分 35 分)
第一节单项填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
1.Though awarded as National Teacher of the Year, she has a guilty ______ for spending so little time with her kids.
A. complaint B. conscience C. commitment D. compromise
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管被授予了年度国家教师奖，她还是为自己很少和孩子们在一起而
感到内疚。A. complaint 抱怨；B. conscience 道德心；C. commitment 承诺，保证；D. compromise 妥协。固
定搭配：have a guilty conscience for“对……感到内疚”。符合句意。故选 B。
2.Nezha, the highest-earning animated film ever in China, was ______ in North America in August, 2019.
A. relieved B. restored C. registered D. released
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：《哪吒》是中国有史以来收入最高的动画电影，于 2019 年 8 月在北美
上映。A. relieved 减轻，解除；B. restored 修复；C. registered 注册；D. released 发布，释放。此处指电影“发
布，上映”。故选 D。
3.Chinese tech giant Huawei launched its new operating system called Harmony, creating an ______ app ecosystem
to Google's Android
A. alternative B. aggressive C. academic D. abstract
【答案】A
【解析】
.【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国科技巨头华为发布了名为“和谐”的新操作系统，创造了一个可替
代谷歌的安卓系统的应用生态系统。A. alternative 供选择的，选择性的；B. aggressive 有进取心的；C. academic
学术的，理论的；D. abstract 抽象的。此处指“可供选择的，可替代的”。故选 A。
4.— Have you heard of Li Ziqi a popular vlogger?
—Definitely. How I wish I ______ her, showing the world the wonderful culture of China
A. am B. were C. will be D. had been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你听说过李子柒吗，一个很受欢迎的视频博主?——当然。我多么希望
我是她，向世界展示中国精彩的文化。动词 wish 后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与现在的事实相反，句
子用一般过去时态，be 动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是 were。故选 B。
5.Economists have long focused on the concept of education as an investment that, on average ______ well over the
long term, for both individual students and society as a whole
A. gets around B. makes up C. holds on D. pays off
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：长期以来，经济学家一直将教育视为一种投资，从长期来看，这种投
资对学生个人和整个社会都有良好的回报。A. gets around 到处走走，传开来；B. makes up 编造，组成；C. holds
on 不挂断电话，继续；D. pays off 得到回报。此处指最终会“得到回报”。故选 D。
6.______ the environmental impacts of larger plastics are well documented, very little is understood about the
dangers associated with micro plastics.
A. While B. As C. Because D. If
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然较大的塑料对环境的影响已有详细记录，但对于微塑料的危害却
知之甚少。A. While 尽管；B. As 由于；C. Because 因为；D. If 如果。此处是 while“尽管”引导的让步状
语从句。故选 A。
7.The Amazon rainforest is considered the lungs of Earth, much of ______ located in Brazil
,A. which B. what C. it D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：亚马逊雨林被认为是地球的肺，大部分位于巴西。此处 The Amazon rainforest 是
句子主语，located 是过去分词，其逻辑主语是 much of it，这里是过去分词的独立主格结构，而不是定语
从句，用 it 代替 The Amazon rainforest。故选 C。
8.______ some jokes into her speech, she grabbed the attention of the audience all the time.
A. Working B. To work C. Worked D. Work
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：她在演讲中穿插了一些笑话，一直吸引着听众的注意力。此处
句子主语 she 和动词 work 之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作原因状语。故选 A。
9.The past decades have witnessed China's many scientific achievements ______ the development of Shenwei
supercomputers is a typical example
A. to which B. for which C. in which D. of which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：过去的几十年见证了中国的许多科学成就，其中神威超级计算机的发展就
是一个典型的例子。此处 achievements 是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，介词后面指人用
whom，指物用 which。故选 D。
10.Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic
A. have drowned B. has been drowned C. is drowning D. are drowned
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖 app 的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹
没。根据 Nowadays 可知句子用现在进行时态，再根据句子主语 growth 是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第
三人称形式。故选 C。
11.More attention on digital books reflects a rising trend in the industry towards ______ many are calling "digital first"
A. which B. that C. what D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对电子书的更多关注反映出该行业正朝着许多人所说的“数字优先”的方向发
展。此处介词 towards 后面是宾语从句，连接词既引导宾语从句又要做宾语从句谓语动词的宾语。故选 C。
12.—I’m so annoyed! And I just don’t understand why Mike is constantly speaking ill of me.
—Don’t take it ______.He treats everyone the same
A. thoroughly B. individually C. accurately D. personally
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——我太生气了!我就是不明白为什么迈克总是说我的坏话。—— 听完
不要生气。他对每个人都一样。A. thoroughly 彻底地；B. individually 个别地，单独地；C. accurately 精
确地；D. personally 亲自地。习惯用语：Don’t take it personally.“ 听完不要生气。”故选 D。
13.When we look up at the night sky and wonder whether there is anyone else out there, we're actually asking who
we are ______ the universe
A. in preference to B. in relation to C. in advance of D. in recognition of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我们仰望夜空，想知道是否还有其他人在那里时，我们实际上是在
问，相对于宇宙而言，我们是谁。A. in preference to 优先于；B. in relation to 与...相比；C. in advance of 超
过，在……前面；D. in recognition of 承认，表彰。此处指“与宇宙相比”。故选 B。
14.New regulations make it clear that to use children's information, network operators ______ obtain the children's
guardians' permission in a clear manner
A. may B. shall C. could D. might
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：新规明确规定，网络运营商使用儿童信息应明确获得儿童监护人的许可。情态动词 shall 用于陈述句的第二、三人称表示允许、威胁、恐吓、义务、命令等。故选 B。
15.— Do you know that the latest AI technology can read minds?
—Yes, but don't you think that allowing data to be taken directly from our brains is like ______ giving rise to
unpredictable consequences
A. killing the fatted calf B. taking things as they come
C. opening Pandora’s box D. putting the cart before the horse
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：——你知道最新的人工智能技术能读懂人的思想吗?——是的，但是你不认
为允许数据直接从我们的大脑中获取信息就像打开了潘多拉的盒子一样，会导致不可预知的后果。A. killing
the fatted calf 最好的款待；B. taking things as they come 既来之则安之；C. opening Pandora’s box 打开潘多拉
的盒子；D. putting the cart before the horse 本末倒置。故选 C。
第二节完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 20 分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑
Few 17-year-old girls know how to weld (焊接)two metal pipes together. I have learned this skill in the past five
years as a(n) ___16___for my father’s personal plumbing (管道装置) business.This summer job often needs to deal
with the mess that causes physical and mental ___17___ ,and, to some extent, ___18___ a tough and elegant
attitude. It is often difficult to cope with. But I ___19___
Every morning, I have to put on a pair of men's jeans Most of my peers are ___20___ to wear it in public. I
___21___ tied my hair when I rushed out of the house, and ___22___ into the front passenger seat of the plumber's
construction vehicle.
When my peers were part-time babysitters or lifeguards, I was helping my father in the dirty bathroom or the
___23___ basement. Thick dust ___24___my nose and mouth, and my hands became black. There is nothing
beautiful and neat; every thing in front of you is ___25___
Honestly speaking, I felt___26___, discouraged and unable to think hard Pipe work is a tough job, and I
sometimes hate it. I asked myself why I had to___27___these dust and sweat. I can even find another job, a
___28___job more like my peers.
___29___, just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected by these little ___30___ emotions After all,
the world is built by people who are willing to get their hands ___31___. Life is a process of ___32___ chaos and learning to clean up, and pipeline work is no ___33___.
My dad and I not only create chaos, we also create___34___. When customers are ___35___ for our work, I
understand that we have brought order to their lives in small places. The physical and mental discomfort of plumbing
work is worth it.
16. A. companion B. fellow C. assistant D. engineer
17. A. misfortune B. pleasure C. discomfort D. injury
18. A. requires B. reflects C. reviews D. recovers
19. A. promised B. waited C. resisted D. insisted
20. A. eager B. able C. unwilling D. impatient
21. A. carefully B. normally C. eventually D. hurriedly
22. A. looked B. moved C. climbed D. turned
23. A. big B. damp C. cool D. warm
24. A. covered B. separated C. infected D. protected
25. A. dangerous B. interesting C. crucial D. ugly
26. A. fearless B. powerless C. effortless D. endless
27. A. respect B. wipe C. tolerate D. replace
28. A. renewable B. responsible C. regular D. realistic
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Instead
30. A. disturbing B. surprising C. touching D. warning
31. A. smooth B. smart C. dirty D. violent
32. A. controlling B. accepting C. finishing D. handling
33. A. excuse B. puzzle C. description D. exception
34. A. memory B. luck C. order D. wealth
35. A. grateful B. ready C. thirsty D. sorry
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D
26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述和父亲修管道的有关事宜。生活就像修管道一样，生活就是一个接受混乱并且
学会清理的过程。当客户对他们的工作表示感谢时，作者明白，他们在一些小处给他们的生活带来了秩序。管道工作给身体和精神带来的不适都是值得的。
【16 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，我在父亲的个人管道公司做助理时学会了这个技巧。A.
companion 同伴；B. fellow 同事；C. assistant 助理；D. engineer 工程师。根据第 1 空前的 I have learned this skill
in the past five years 可知，作者在学技巧，所以是个“助理”。故选 C。
【17 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个暑期工作通常需要处理引起身体和精神不适的混乱，在某种程度上，需要
一个坚韧和优雅的态度。A. misfortune 不幸；B. pleasure 快乐；C. discomfort 不适；D. injury 伤害。根据
第 2 空前 to deal with the mess that causes physical and mental 可知，引起身体“不适”。故选 C。
【18 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个暑期工作通常需要处理引起身体和精神不适的混乱，在某种程度上，需要
一个坚强和高雅的态度。A. requires 需要；B. reflects 折射，反射；C. reviews 评论；D. recovers 恢复。此
处指“需要”处理身体的不适。故选 A。
【19 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我坚持下来了。A. promised 许诺；B. waited 等待；C. resisted 抵制；D. insisted
坚持。根据第 4 空前的 It is often difficult to cope with.和后面的转折词 but 可知，作者“坚持下来了”。故选
D。
【20 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我不得不穿上一条男式牛仔裤，我的大多数同龄人都不愿意在公
共场合穿的那种。A. eager 热切的；B. able 有能力的；C. unwilling 不愿意的；D. impatient 不耐心的。根
据 I have to put on a pair of men's jeans 以及常识，女孩在公共场合“不愿意”穿男牛仔裤。故选 C。
【21 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我冲出房子，爬上水管工的施工车的副驾驶座时，我赶紧把头发扎了起来。
A. carefully 细心地；B. normally 正常地；C. eventually 最后；D. hurriedly 匆忙地。根据第 6 空后的 tied my
hair when I rushed out of the house 可知，“匆忙”把头发扎起来。故选 D。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我冲出房子，爬上水管工的施工车的副驾驶座时，我赶紧把头发扎了起来。
A. looked 看；B. moved 移动；C. climbed 爬；D. turned 转变。根据第 7 空后的 into the front passenger seat of the plumber's construction vehicle.可知，“爬”上车。故选 C。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的同龄人都作兼职保姆或救生员时，我就在肮脏的浴室或潮湿的地下室
里帮我父亲。A. big 大的；B. damp 潮汐的；C. cool 凉爽的；D. warm 温暖的。根据第 8 空前后 in the dirty
bathroom 和 basement.可知，地下室是“潮湿的”。故选 B。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鼻子和嘴上蒙着厚厚的灰尘，我的手都变黑了。A. covered 覆盖；B. separated 分
开；C. infected 感染；D. protected 保护。根据第 9 空前的 Thick dust 可知，灰尘“覆盖了”我的鼻子和嘴。故
选 A。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么是美丽和整洁的;你面前的一切都是丑陋的。A. dangerous 危险的；
B. interesting 有趣的；C. crucial 重要的，决定性的；D. ugly 丑陋的。根据第 10 空前的 There is nothing beautiful
and neat 可知，面前的一切是“丑陋的”。故选 D。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我感到无能为力、灰心丧气、没法好好思考。管道工作是混乱世界
的缩影，有时我讨厌它。A. fearless 无畏的；B. powerless 无能力的；C. effortless 不费力的；D. endless 无
止境的。根据第 11 空后的 discouraged and unable to think hard 可知，作者感到“无能为力”。故选 B。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问自己为什么要忍受这些灰尘和汗水。A. respect 尊重；B. wipe 擦，消除；C.
tolerate 忍受；D. replace 替代。根据第 12 空后的 these dust and sweat 可知，此处指“忍受”灰尘。故选 C。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至还可以找到另一份工作，一份更像我的同龄人做的那些普通工作。A.
renewable 可再生的；B. responsible 负责人的；C. regular 有规律的，普通的；D. realistic 现实的。根据前
文 When my peers were part-time babysitters or lifeguards 可知，找到一份“普通”工作。故选 C。
【29 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道一样，我也讨厌被这些小情绪所影响。A. However
然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise 否则，要不然的话；D. Instead 相反，反而。根据第 14 空后的 just
like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected 可知，与上文构成一种“转折”关系。故选 A。【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道，我也讨厌自己会受到这些小小不安情绪的影响。
A. disturbing 令人不安的；B. surprising 令人惊讶的；C. touching 动人的；D. warning 警告的。根据第 15 空
前后的 just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected 和 emotions 可知，此处指“令人不安的”情绪。故选
A。
【31 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这个世界是由那些愿意把手弄脏的人建造的。A. smooth 光滑的，顺
利的；B. smart 聪明的；C. dirty 脏的；D. violent 暴力的，猛烈的。根据上文 my hands became black 可知，
此处指建造世界的人愿意把自己的手“弄脏”。故选 C。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. controlling 控制；
B. accepting 接受；C. finishing 完成；D. handling 处理。根据第 17 空后的 chaos and learning to clean up,可知，
要“接受”混乱。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. excuse 借口；
B. puzzle 迷惑；C. description 描述；D. exception 例外，异议。根据第 18 空前的 chaos and learning to clean
up, and pipeline work 可知，此处指管道工作也不“例外”。故选 D。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸和我不仅制造混乱，我们也创造秩序。A. memory 记忆；B. luck 幸运；
C. order 顺序，命令；D. wealth 财富。根据第 19 空前的 not only create chaos, we also create 可知，也创造
“秩序”。 chaos 与 order 相对应。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当顾客对我们的工作心存感激时，我明白我们为他们在小地方的生活带来了
秩序。A. grateful 感激的；B. ready 有准备的；C. thirsty 渴的；D. sorry 难过的。作者及父亲是在解决人们
的问题，所以人们心存“感激”。故选 A。
【 点 睛 】 在 做 完 形 填 空 时 一 定 要 注 意 and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s
more/though 等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像 but（但是）、however
（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。根据第 14
小题，句意：然而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道一样，我也讨厌被这些小情绪所影响。A. However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise 否则，要不然的话；D. Instead 相反，反而。根据第 14 空后的 just like I hate messy pipes,
I also hate being affected 可知，与上文构成一种“转折”关系。故选 A。
第三部分阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑
A
Have you seen the movie Coco? What about Finding Nemo? Did you watch The Incredibles? These movies may
seem different, but they actually share a lot in common. For starters, they were all made by an animation studio called
Pixar.
How can one studio make movies that everyone loves? The secret: Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages
and backgrounds can connect with.The most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself.
GREAT STORYTELLING IS HARD WORK
Storytelling is an art and a skill. Pixar creators know this. They have put a lot of time and thought into what
makes a great story. One Pixar storyboard artist named Emma Coates created a list called "The 22 Rules of
Storytelling According to Pixar. These are the rules that all Pixar stories must follow in order to be called a good
story.
One rule is that "You admire a character for trying more than for their successes. In Finding Dory, Dory isn't a
perfect character. She finds it hard to remember things. She makes silly mistakes, but never stops trying to find her
parents. This makes her the hero of her story. If you have ever tried hard for something, you can relate to Dory
GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US
Why are the stories that Pixar tells important? They get the audience to feel the story Feelings of anger, fear,
sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show audience members that we are
more alike than different. Because we can connect with the characters' emotions, we can connect with each other
The stories that Pixar tells are very creative. No two movies are the same! But the stories and, more importantly,
the feelings in each are universal. Even though we, ve never traveled the the power of these stories inspires us. They
push us to better understand each other and to seek out our own adventures
36. What is special about Pixar according to the author?
A. It makes the movies very quickly
B. It creates all different types of movie
C. It creates stories that tough all the audiences.
D. It makes a lot of money from their movies37. How do Pixar films connect with us?
A. They teach all of us the same lesson.
B. They bring us together to watch movies.
C. Their characters are usually physically similar to us.
D. Their characters experience the emotions that we all do
【答案】36. C 37. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍名为 Pixar 的动画工作室以及它的特殊之处。
【36 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中 Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages and backgrounds can connect with.The
most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself.“Pixar 讲述的故事让所有年龄和背景的观众都能产生共
鸣。Pixar 电影最重要的部分就是故事本身。”由此可知，Pixar 的特殊之处是“它创造的故事让所有的观众都
能产生共鸣。”故选 C。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US 中 They get the audience to feel the story
Feelings of anger, fear, sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show
audience members that we are more alike than different.“他们让观众感受到故事中普遍存在的愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、
喜悦和爱。通过这种方式，Pixar 的故事有能力向观众展示，我们更多的是相似的，而不是不同的。”由此可
知，Pixar 电影是通过他们的角色经历着我们所有人都经历过的情感与我们联系在一起的。故选 D。
B
Is your promotion really necessary? Many workers focus their hopes on climbing the scale of their organizations.
The prospect of higher pay helps explain their ambition,but so does the greater status that comes with each
successive(连续的) title.
This climb can often end in disappointment. The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book
published in 1969, states that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect
sense. If you are good at your job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and
at that point your career will stop.
There is another problem with chasing the promotion fantasy. Many companies have a strong tendency to
promote the best sales people. Convincing others to buy goods and services is a useful skill, requiring charm and
persistence. But, as the authors point out, these are not the same capabilities as the strategic planning and administrative competence needed to lead a sales team.
The research then looked at what happened after these super-salespeople were promoted Their previous sales
performance was actually a negative indicator of managerial success.The sales growth of workers assigned to the star
sellers was 7.5 percentage points lower than for those whose managers were previously weaker performers.
The trick to avoiding this curse is to stick to what you like doing. If you enjoy teaching, don't be a headmaster or
college principal. If you like writing articles and columns, editing other people’s work may not give the same degree
of satisfaction.
Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of
favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance. In Charles
Handy's new book, 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges, the experienced management theorist recalls an insight
when working for Royal Dutch Shell,an oil giant. "In exchange for the promise of financial security and guaranteed
work, I had sold my time to complete strangers with my permission for them to use that time for their own purpose,”
he writes.
The higher up the ladder you go, the greater the demands are likely to be on your time.The chief executive will
expect you to be available at weekends: after all, that is why you get paid the big bucks.
So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork an/dissatisfaction. Some people
like to devote their whole lives to their job and be at the centre of events. It is best to let them get on with it.
38. What can we learn about"The Peter Principle"?
A. People’s careers are easily spoiled by unrealistic expectations.
B. There are to some degree certain ceilings in people's career paths
C. Incompetent employees tend to have more chances to gain promotions
D. People don't necessarily get promoted by virtue of their competence
39. Why is Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges mentioned?
A. To put forward useful suggestions on how to get promoted
B. To show how many challenges we face without getting promoted
C. To illustrate the serious consequences of the pursuit of promotion
D. To prove the economic security brought along by the promotion.
40. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?
A. The Promotion Satisfaction B. The Promotion Curse
C. The Promotion Strategies D. The Promotion Prospect【答案】38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是关于晋升的负面影响。
【38 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中 The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book published in 1969, states
that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect sense. If you are good at your
job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and at that point your career will
stop.“由劳伦斯•彼得(Laurence Peter)在 1969 年出版的一本书中提出的“彼得原则”(The Peter Principle)指出，
彼得定理指出，在官僚机构中，只要员工表现良好，可以胜任某一职位，他就会一直得到提拔，直到他们
到达一个他们不能胜任的职位为止，然后他们就会一直待在这个职位上，不会再有晋升。”由此判断出，人
们的职业生涯在某种程度上是有限度的。故选 B。
【39 题详解】
推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 六 段 中 Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a
supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your
work-life balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求他对你的
积极的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此判断出，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On
Life And Its Challenges 被提到是为了说明追求晋升的严重后果。故选 C。
【40 题详解】
标题判断题。根据最后一段 So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork
an/dissatisfaction. 所以光鲜的晋升可能并不适合所有人。当心随之而来的诅咒——过度劳累和满意度降
低。”由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是晋升的诅咒。所以 B 项“晋升的诅咒”是最佳主题。故选 B。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含
意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的
答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。
推理判断题的题干中通常含 infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate 等标志性词语。根据第六段中 Another
problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable
feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题
是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求有利的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此可知，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges 被提到是为了说明追求晋升
的严重后果。故选 C。
C.
In 2010,the planetary(行星的）defence team at NASA had identified and logged 90 percent of the asteroids(小
行星）near Earth measuring 1km wide. These"near Earth objects",or NEOs, are the size of mountains and include
anything within 50 million kilometers of Earth's orbit.With an estimated 50 left to log, NASA says none of the 887 it
knows about are a significant danger to the planet.
Now NASA is working towards logging some of the smaller asteroids,those measuring 140 metres wide or more.
Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.
Considering that a 19-metre asteroid that exploded above the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2013 injured 1, 200
people,these middle sized asteroids would be a serious danger if they enter Earth's orbit. ①
Whether NASA can find the remaining middle-sized NEOs depends on getting the money to build NEOCam,a 0.
5-metre space telescope which would use infrared(红外线的）light to locate asteroids.
② Once logged,the planetary defence team would still need to work out how to defend the planet against being
hit by the truly worrying asteroids-the PHAs.
＂Potentially Hazardous Asteroids"(PHAs)are rocks close enough to pass within 7. 5 million kilometres of
Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1, 400 PHAs,none of which are expected to be a threat in the next one
hundred years. _③ With technology already available,NASA can track these objects and make predictions about
possible impact,at which point two defence solutions could be launched.
The first is DART-the Double Asteroid Redirection Test. Plans are scheduled to test DART on the moon of an
asteroid called Didymos. "Didymoon"is 150 metres wide,orbiting its 800-metre mother, and hopefully the impact of
DART will knock it out of its orbit enough for Earth-based telescopes to pick up.
Another suggested defence against a PHA on course to hit Earth is to blow it up using a nuclear weapon. It may
sound like a plot from a film, and it was the subject of the 1998 film Armageddon, but the Hypervelocity Asteroid
Mitigation Mission for Emergency Response (HAMMER) is a genuine NASA proposal. ④ The eight-ton rockets
would be fired at an approaching asteroid with the hope of bumping it off course. If the asteroid was too close to Earth
for this plan to work, the rockets would carry nuclear bombs to blow it up instead.
41. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word“log”?
A. record B. protect
C. decide D. discover
42. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?A. NASA has measured 90 percent of the asteroids
B. The asteroids are proved to be no danger to the planet
C. There are still many unlogged asteroids near Earth.
D Middle-sized asteroids are more likely to enter Earth's orbit
43. What can we infer from the passage?
A. PHAs are a big concern but not an immediate threat in the short term
B. People needn't worry about the middle-sized asteroids with the help of DART.
C. A special telescope will provide a complete defence against asteroids hitting Earth
D. It is likely that Didymoon will be knocked out of its orbit, dropping to Earth
44. Where does the following sentence fit best in the passage?
"If it did get the money, it could probably achieve its goal in ten years”
A. ① B. ②
C. ③ D. ④
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. A 44. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。2010 年，美国国家航空航天局的行星防御小组已经识别并记录了 90%直径为 1 公里的近
地小行星。这些“近地天体”，或称近地天体，有山脉那么大，包括距地球轨道 5000 万公里范围内的任何物
体。据估计还有 50 个卫星需要记录，美国国家航空航天局表示，它所知道的 887 个卫星中没有一个对地球
构成重大威胁。所以科学家计划设立小行星预警系统。
【41 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中 NASA says none of the 887 it knows about are a significant danger to the planet.“美国
宇航局表示，他们所知道的 887 个行星中没有一个对地球构成重大威胁。”和第二段中的 Of the 25, 000
estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的 2.5
万颗这种大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有 8000 颗已被记录在案，还有 1.7 万颗下落不明。”由此可知，With
an estimated 50 left to log“估计还有 50 个待记录”中 log 得意思是“记录”。故选 A。
【42 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的 Of the 25, 000 estimated asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been
logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的 2.5 万颗这种大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有 8000 颗已被
.记录在案，还有 1.7 万颗下落不明。”由此可知，从前两段我们可以知道“在地球附近还有许多未被记录的小
行星。”故选 C。
【43 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中＂Potentially Hazardous Asteroids"(PHAs)are rocks close enough to pass within 7. 5
million kilometres of Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1, 400 PHAs,none of which are expected to be a
threat in the next one hundred years. 潜在危险的小行星是距离地球轨道 750 万公里以内的岩石。美国国家航空
和宇宙航行局(NASA)绘制了一张 1400 个 PHAs 的地图，预计在未来 100 年里，这些 PHAs 都不会构成威胁。
由此推知，PHAs 是一个大问题，但在短期内不会构成直接威胁。故选 A。
【44 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段 Whether NASA can find the remaining middle-sized NEOs depends on getting the
money to build NEOCam,a 0. 5-metre space telescope which would use infrared( 红 外 线 的 ） light to locate
asteroids.“美国宇航局能否找到剩余的中等大小的 neo，取决于能否获得建造 NEOCam 的资金。5 米的太空
望远镜，利用红外线来定位小行星。”再根据第四段中 Once logged,the planetary defence team would still need
to work out how to defend the planet against being hit by the truly worrying asteroids-the PHAs.“一旦登录，行星防
御小组仍然需要找出如何保护行星免受真正令人担忧的小行星撞击的方法。”由此可知，所给句子"If it did
get the money, it could probably achieve its goal in ten years” “如果它真的得到了这笔钱，它可能会在 10 年内实
现自己的目标。”放在第四段开头最合适，起到承上启下的作用。故选 B。
【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常
见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第 1 小
题，根据第一段中 NASA says none of the 887 it knows about are a significant danger to the planet.“美国宇航局表
示，他们所知道的 887 个行星中没有一个对地球构成重大威胁。”和第二段中的 Of the 25, 000 estimated
asteroids of this size,so far about 8, 000 have been logged, leaving 17, 000 unaccounted for.“在估计的 2.5 万颗这种
大小的小行星中，迄今为止大约有 8000 颗已被记录在案，还有 1.7 万颗下落不明。”由此可知，With an
estimated 50 left to log“估计还有 50 个待记录”中 log 得意思是“记录”。故选 A。
D
Monday dawned warm and rainless. Aurelio Escovar, a dentist without a degree, opened his office at six. When
he had a handful of instruments arranged on the table, he sat down to polish the false teeth. He seemed not to be
thinking about what he was doing, but worked steadily.
The sharp voice of his eleven-year-old son interrupted his concentration.
“Papa”“What?”
“The Mayor wants to know if you'll pull his tooth”
“Tell him I’m not here.”
He was polishing a gold tooth. He held it at arm's length, and examined it with his eyes half closed. His son
shouted again from the little waiting room.
“He says you are, too, because he can hear you”
The dentist kept examining the tooth. Only when he had put it on the table with the finished work did he say, "So
much the better. He took several pieces of a bridge out of a cardboard box where he kept the things he still had to do
and began to polish the gold.
“Papa”
“What? “ He still hadn't changed his expression
"He says if you don't take out his tooth, he'll shoot you.”
Without hurrying, with an extremely calm movement, he stopped his work and pulled the lower drawer of the
table all the way out. There was a revolver(左轮手枪).”OK, ” he said . “Tell him to come and shoot me." He
rolled the chair over opposite the door, his hand resting on the edge of the drawer.
The Mayor appeared at the door. He had shaved the left side of his face, but the other side swollen and in pain,
had a five-day-old beard
The dentist saw many nights of desperation in his dull eyes. He closed the drawer with his finer tips and said
softly, “Sit down”
“Good morning, "said the Mayor.
“Morning,” said the dentist.
While the instruments were boiling, the Mayor leaned his head on the headrest of the chair and felt better. His
breath was icy. When he felt the dentist approach, the Mayor held his breath and opened his mouth.
Aurelio Escovar turned his head toward the light. After inspecting the infected tooth, he closed the Mayor's jaw
with a cautious pressure of his fingers. "It has to be without anesthesia(麻醉).
"Why?“”
‘Because you have an abscess(脓肿).”
The Mayor looked him in the eye. "All right, he said, and tried to smile
The dentist did not return the smile. He did all the preparation work without looking at the Mayor.
It was a lower wisdom tooth. The dentist spread his feet and grasped the tooth with the hot forceps(钳子). The
Mayor seized the arms of the chair with all his strength. The dentist moved only his wrist. Without rancor(怨恨), rather with a bitter tenderness, he said , “Now you will pay for our twenty dead men.”.
The Mayor felt the great pain in his jaw, and his eyes filled with tears. But he didn't breathe until he felt the tooth
come out. Then he saw it through his tears. It seemed so foreign to his pain that he failed to understand his torture of
the five previous nights.
The dentist gave him a clean cloth. "Dry your tears, "he said.
The Mayor did. He was trembling. While the dentist washed his hands, he saw the shabby ceiling and a dusty
spider web with spider's eggs and dead insects.
The dentist returned, drying his hands.”Go to bed,” he said, “and gargle(漱口)”with salt water.
The Mayor stood up, said goodbye with a casual military salute, and walked toward the door, stretching his legs.
“Send the bill, ” he said.
“ To you or the town?
The Mayor didn’t look at him. He closed the door and said through the screen,” __70__”
45. Why did the dentist say he was not there(Para. 6) when the Mayor wanted to have his tooth pulled?
A. Because he was only a dentist without a degree
B. Because he was unwilling to treat the Mayor
C. Because he was too busy to attend to the mayor.
D. Because he was still polishing the Mayor's gold tooth
46. What does the underlined sentence"He says if you don' t take out his tooth, he'll shoot you imply?
A. The Mayor had a gun in secret
B. The Mayor was scaring the dentists son
C. The Mayor used to hate the dentist
D. The Mayor had absolute power in this town.
47. How did the dentist like the Mayor according to the passage?
A. The dentist envied him
B. The dentist sympathized with him
C. The dentist hated him
D. The dentist respected him
48. Which of the following statements is actually a lie?
A. There was a real revolver in the lower drawer of the dentist's table
B. The Mayor didn't shave the right side of his face because of the toothache
C. A lower wisdom tooth on the right side had given the Mayor a lot of pain for several days.D. The dentist couldn't but pull the Mayor's tooth without anesthesia because of an abscess.
49. What kind of person is Aurelio Eascover according to the passage?
A. A humorous dentist in a small town.
B. A skilled murderer in a dentist's clothing
C. An ordinary citizen with a strong sense of justice
D. A brave hero in support of the government.
50. How would the Mayor probably answer in the last paragraph?
A. To neither, please
B. It's none of your damn business
C. Then to me, please.
D. It's the same damn thing
【答案】45. B 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是市长去拔牙而牙医厌恶他，在拔牙时没给他打麻药。而是带着一种苦涩的
柔情说:“现在你要为我们的二十个死者付出代价。”这篇文章告诉我们“总有那么一天，为自己做的错事要付
出代价。”
45 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The Mayor wants to know if you'll pull his tooth” "市长想知道你是否会拔他的牙"和第
六段“Tell him I’m not here.” “告诉他我不在这儿。”由此判断出，“镇长要拔牙时牙医说他不在” 因为他不愿接
待市长。故选 B。
【46 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“Tell him to come and shoot me." 叫他来枪毙我。以及要拔牙的这个是这里的镇长”由
此判断出，划线句子的句子暗示出“市长在这个镇上有绝对的权力。”故选 D。
【47 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中的“Tell him I’m not here.”以及牙医不愿给镇长使用麻醉药以及, “Now you will pay for
our twenty dead men.”。 现在你将为我们的二十人的死付出代价。由此判断出，牙医厌恶市长。故选 C。
【48 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中"It has to be without anesthesia(麻醉)."Why?“ ‘Because you have an abscess(脓肿).”不 需
要 麻 醉，你的牙已经脓肿了。由此推知，“因为脓肿，牙医不得不在没有麻醉的情况下给市长拔牙。”是一
【个谎言。故选 D。
【49 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中医生在没有打麻药的情况下就拔了镇长的牙齿以及“Now you will pay for our twenty
dead men.” “现在你将为我们的二十人的死付出代价。”由此可判断出，Aurelio Eascover 医生 是 通 过 这 种
看 似 是 合 理 的 方 式 ，在为死去的二十人报仇，所以他是一个有强烈正义感的普通公民。故选 C。
【50 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 Send the bill, ” he said.“ To you or the town?他说，“ 把账单寄过来”，“ 是寄给你
还是寄给镇里”The Mayor didn’t look at him. He closed the door and said through the screen,市长看都没看他一眼，
他关上门，隔着屏风说。以及通过镇长的语气以及他在短文中暗示出的横行霸道的作风可以判断出，镇长
会说“还不都他妈是一回事儿”。故选 D。
第二卷(非选择题,共 35 分)
第四部分任务型阅读(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填
1 个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上
Holidays are good for workers and companies alike
The swimming suits have been dug out of drawers. The beach shoes have been brought back from the shed. Tens
of millions are about to go on their annual holiday. They will go away for at least a week.
A vacation means workers get more sleep without the early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the
pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In
short, holidays reduce stress.
It also gives workers a chance to recharge their mental batteries. Heading to a new location allows employees to
clear their thoughts. After all,there is more to life than spreadsheets(电子数据表) and sales forecasts. For those on
vacation, the occasional work-related thought might occur when walking quietly along the beach, or through a wood.
Often such ideas will be all the more original for being dreamed up in a moment of relaxation.
Although it does lead to crowded traffic, there is something to be said for the European tradition of taking
holidays in August. The predictability of the season means that companies can adjust their plans accordingly. Even
those people who are in the office can enjoy an easier pace of life. Most of their customers and suppliers are on a
break so there is not much that anyone can do.
Indeed, just as employees need a break from the workplace, companies sometimes need a break from their
employees. After a trading scandal(丑闻) at Societe Generale, a French bank recommended that all traders take a two-week break at some point in the year. The aim was to make sure that any unusual dealing patterns would be
discovered while the employee who was suspected of doing something improper was away from his desk.
Senior managers can also benefit from seeing what happens when their juniors head to the beach.Does office
efficiency improve as soon as a mid-level manager disappears? If so, this suggests that he or she is not running the
department well. Does an underling(下属) do a good job when the boss is away? In that case, they may need a
promotion.
Work can be annoying but, as any unemployed person will tell you, it is better than the alternative. . It gives
purpose to people's days and, on occasion, can even be fun. But not every day.Some days it is better to be reading a
book. By a pool, in the sunshine.
Holidays are good for workers and companies alike
Introduction
Searching for swimming suits and beach shoes, many people are busy
Making ___51___ for their upcoming holidays
___52___of
taking holidays
For
workers
●When on holiday, workers will feel less stressed,
getting more sleep and enjoying ___53___ A from
painful
transport and boring meetings
● Mental batteries ___54___ more likely to come up with
new ideas related to their work
●Those who don't go on holiday can also live an
___55___ life, because the majority of their customers
and suppliers are on a break.
For
___56___
●Holidays are good opportunities for the ___57___
of unusual dealing patterns in a company.
●Holidays are good opportunities for senior managers to
see whether a mid-level manager runs a department well
or whether ___58___
needs a promotion.
Conclusion
●Although work can ___59___ us, it is better than unemployment. So
find ___60___ in your work and holiday.【答案】51. preparations
52. Benefits/ Advantages/ Importance Significance
53. freedom
54. recharged
55. easier/ easy
56. companies
57. discovery/ discoveries
58. anyone /someone
59. annoy /upset/bother /disturb
60. fun/pleasure / enjoyment joy /happiness
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍假期对员工和公司 好处。
【51 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第一段 The swimming suits have been dug out of drawers. The
beach shoes have been brought back from the shed. Tens of millions are about to go on their annual holiday. They
will go away for at least a week.“游泳衣已经从抽屉里翻出来了。海滩鞋已经从棚子里拿回来了。数千万人即
将开始他们的年度假期。他们至少要离开一个星期。”由此可知，许多人正忙着为即将到来的假期做准备，
正寻找游泳衣和沙滩鞋。固定词组：make preparations for“为……做准备”。故填 preparations。
【52 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第二段 A vacation means workers get more sleep without the
early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages
or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In short, holidays reduce stress.“休假意味着员工在没有清
晨闹钟的情况下获得更多的睡眠。此外，他们不再遭受日常交通的痛苦:拥挤的铁路车厢或道路，最重要的
的是，没有会议要忍受。简而言之，假期可以减轻压力。”由此可知，下面要讲述的是休假的“好处”。故填 Benefits/
Advantages/ Importance Significance。
【53 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。第二段 A vacation means workers get more sleep without the
early-morning alarm. In addition, they no longer suffer the pain of the daily transport: the crowded railway carriages
or roads And best of all, there are no meetings to suffer. In short, holidays reduce stress.“休假意味着员工在没有清
晨闹钟的情况下获得更多的睡眠。此外，他们不再遭受日常交通的痛苦:拥挤的铁路车厢或道路，最重要的
是，没有会议要忍受。简而言之，假期可以减轻压力。”可知，在假期里，员工们会感到压力更小，有更多
的睡眠，享受从痛苦的交通和无聊的会议中解脱出来的自由。所以这里用名词，故填 freedom。
【54 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第三段第一句 It also gives workers a chance to recharge their
mental batteries.“这也给了员工们一个重新充电的机会。”由此可知，人的精神“充电”后更有可能产生与工
作相关的新想法。故填 recharged。
【55 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第四段中 Even those people who are in the office can enjoy an
easier pace of life.“即使是那些在办公室的人也可以享受更轻松的生活节奏。”由此可知，那些不去度假的人
也可以过上更轻松的生活，因为他们的大多数客户和供应商都在休假。故填 easier/ easy。
【56 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第五段第一句 Indeed, just as employees need a break from the
workplace, companies sometimes need a break from their employees.“的确，就像员工需要离开工作岗位休息一
下一样，公司有时也需要离开员工休息一下。”由此可知，对“公司”来说也需要休假。故填 companies。
【57 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据第五段中 The aim was to make sure that any unusual dealing
patterns would be discovered while the employee who was suspected of doing something improper was away from
his desk.“这样做的目的是确保在被怀疑有不当行为的员工离开办公桌时，发现任何不寻常的交易模式。”由
此可知，假期是发现公司不寻常交易模式的好机会。故填 discovery/ discoveries。
【58 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据倒数第二段中 If so, this suggests that he or she is not running the
department well. Does an underling(下属) do a good job when the boss is away? In that case, they may need a promotion.“如果是这样，这意味着他或她没有很好地管理这个部门。老板不在时下属的工作做得好吗?在这
种情况下，他们可能需要升职。”由此可知，对于高级经理来说，假期是一个很好的机会，可以看看一个中
层经理是否能很好地管理一个部门，或者是否有人需要升职。故填 anyone /someone。
【59 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据最后一段第一句 Work can be annoying but, as any unemployed
person will tell you, it is better than the alternative.“工作可能很烦人，但正如任何失业者都会告诉你的那样，它
比其他选择更好。”可知，虽然工作让我们烦恼，但总比失业好。故填 annoy /upset/bother /disturb。
【60 题详解】
考查获取、处理、总结归纳信息的能力。根据最后一段中 It gives purpose to people's days and, on occasion, can
even be fun. But not every day.Some days it is better to be reading a book. By a pool, in the sunshine.“它赋予人们生
活的意义，有时甚至可以很有趣。但不是每天都这样。有些日子读书会更好一些。在阳光下的池塘边。”由
此可知，所以，在你的工作和假期中寻找乐趣吧。故填 fun/pleasure / enjoyment joy /happiness。
第五部分书面表达(满分 25 分)
61.请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
The Ministry of Education issued a notice on Nov. 22, 2019. According to the regulation,primary and middle
school teachers are allowed to criticize and give proper punishment to students who violate school discipline, social
order, laws and rules, as well as those who cause chaos Should teachers be allowed to discipline students? Students
share their opinions
Su hua
Teachers should be cautious in disciplining students. They can punish a student without violence but
hurt the child psychologically for the rest of his life. My daughter's teacher makes students who forget
to bring homework stand for an hour at their seats. i do believe the aim is to cause the student to feel
ashamed and it is not acceptable.
Li Jiang
It is parents' responsibility to discipline the students, not teachers, because the teachers are not paid to
discipline children, but to guide their learning. If necessary, teachers should manage the situation in a
way that is effective, but does not replace the parentZhang Ming
I think teachers should be allowed to discipline children in class to maintain an environment beneficial
for learning. Here the word"discipline"does not mean"punish". Teachers discipline children to lead
them into what is believed to be correct thinking and action, rather than punish them
【写作内容】
1.用约 30 词概括上述信息的主要内容;
2.你是否赞成“教师对违纪违规学生实施一定的惩戒”这一观点,并说明理由(至少两点);
3.对如何有效阻止学生违纪违规提出你的建议(至少两点)。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3.不必写标题
【评分标准】
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】An official notice has been issued to grant teachers the right to properly punish students. The public are
concerned about this regulation, expressing their opinions on it from different perspectives.(30 words)
As a senior school student, I give applause to this regulation. School is a place where every student should obey
rules, and if not, they should be responsible for what they’ ve done Additionally, proper punishment is a good way to
teach students to figure out how to behave themselves, which is also a good example to instruct others
As to how to discipline students, proper measures, I think, come first to prevent students from violating school
rules. School regulations are to be transparently issued, which helps all the people concerned know how students
should behave on campus. Besides, teachers should be more patient with students for effective communication. Only
with joint efforts can students learn to obey the school rules. (120 words)
【解析】【分析】
这是一篇读写任务作文。
【详解】这是一篇读写任务型写作。首先用约 30 词概括上述信息的主要内容。根据 According to the
regulation,primary and middle school teachers are allowed to criticize and give proper punishment to students who
violate school discipline, social order, laws and rules, as well as those who cause chaos 可知，An official notice has
been issued to grant teachers the right to properly punish students.可知，“已经发布了一份官方通知，授予教师适
当惩罚学生的权利。”另外，根据文章内容可知，The public are concerned about this regulation, expressing their
opinions on it from different perspectives.“公众对这一规定表示关注，并从不同角度表达了自己的看法。”关于
“教师对违纪违规学生实施一定的惩戒”是赞成的，“学校是一个每个学生都应该遵守规则的地方，如果不遵
守，他们就应该对自己的行为负责”；至于“如何管教学生”，我认为适当的措施是首先要防止学生违反校规。
学校规章制度的发布应该是透明的，这有助于所有相关的人知道学生在校园应该如何表现。此外，为了有
效的沟通，老师应该对学生更有耐心。只有大家共同努力，学生才能学会遵守学校的规章制度。写作时注
意准确运用时态，本文应该用一般现在时态；上下文意思要连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单
词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富有变化。
要注意书写，认真查验是否有漏写情况等。
【点睛】这是一篇读写任务型写作。首先用约 30 词概括上述信息的主要内容。并对是否赞成“教师对违纪
违规学生实施一定的惩戒”给出了理由，同时就如何有效阻止学生违纪违规提出了自己的建议。文章语句通
顺，结构严谨，同时文中使用高级句子。School is a place where every student should obey rules,句中使用 where
引导的定语从句；if not, they should be responsible for what they’ ve done.省略句和 what 引导的宾语从句巧妙运
用；School regulations are to be transparently issued, which helps all the people concerned know how students
should behave on campus.句中 which 引导非限制性定语从句；Only with joint efforts can students learn to obey
the school rules.句中使用部分倒装。
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