高考英语备考：牛津教材长难句分析与练习B3U3 Reading

高考英语备考：牛津教材长难句分析与练习 B3U3 Reading 模块三 Unit 3 Reading 【长难句援引】 When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been, with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days!（P42） 【结构分析】 本句是主从复合句。I saw streets 是主句，When 引导时间状语从句，as 引导方式状语从句，with stepping stones along the road 是 with 的复合结构作原因状语，with 的复合结构作状语时，可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。 【参考译文】当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，这样下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行 走了! 【翻译提示】 as they had been 方式状语从句是翻译难点。理解时要根据上下文语境调整语序，不要孤立，要融会贯通地理解 整个意群。 【真题再现】 1. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.（2016 全国卷 I 阅读理解 D） 结构分析：as 引导方式状语从句。 2. Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺), much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. （2016 江苏卷任务型阅读） 结构分析：as 引导方式状语从句。 【句式仿写】 根据提示补全句子： 1. Leave the table ___________（就那样吧）. Don’t move it. 2. In the court, you have to state the facts _________________（如实）. 3. She stayed in bed _________________________（按照医生的吩咐）. 4. When in Rome, ________________________（入乡随俗）. 5. We must do everything ___________________（按照他告诉我们的）. 【长难句援引】 It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.（P43） 【结构分析】 本句是主从复合句。It turns out that ...是固定句型，意为“最终......；结果......；原来......”it 是形式主语，that 从 句是真正主语。that 从句里又套了两个从句，after 引导的时间状语从句，其中含 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 people，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared 是句子主干，leaving empty spaces in the ash 是现在 分词短语作结果状语。 【词汇必背】 break down 瓦解；垮掉；出故障；崩溃；失败；失控痛哭；破坏；分解；分成 Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 工作压力太大，她的身体垮掉了。 Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road. 我们的汽车抛锚了，我们只好把它推到路旁。 Talks between the two sides have broken down. 双方谈判已经破裂了。 When we told her the bad news, she broke down and cried. 当我们告诉她这个坏消息时，她忍不住哭了起来。 Firemen had to break down the door to reach the people trapped inside. 消防员们不得不破门而入解救身陷火海的人。 Sugar and other chemicals are broken down in the stomach. 糖和其他化学物质在胃里被分解。 We broke down the books into 5 kinds. 我们把这些书分成五类。 其他 break 高频搭配：break up 解散；破碎；破裂；绝交；打碎 break away 脱离，逃脱 break into 强行闯入 break in 强行进入，打断 break off 脱落，中断，突然停止 break out 突然开始，爆发 break through 突破 【参考译文】 原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。 【翻译提示】 对于含有多个从句的复杂句，要先找从句引导词，抽丝剥茧，把握句子的基本框架。 【真题再现】 1. But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. （2016 全国卷 III 七选五） 结构分析：it seems that ...结构中，it 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 2. Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. （2016 江苏卷任务型阅读） 结构分析：it’s clear to me that ...结构中，it 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 3. It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. （2016 上海卷 Reading Comprehension Section C） 结构分析：It may not seem right that... 结构中，It 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 4. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. （2016 北京卷阅读理解 D） 结构分析：It is not surprising that ... 结构中，It 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语。 【句式仿写】 根据提示补全句子： 1. ________________ （结果发现）she had known him when they were children. 2. ________________（似乎）his son didn’t tell the truth. 3. ________________（碰巧）I was out when you came to visit me. 4. ________________（确定）Trump will win the presidential election. 5. ________________（令人震惊）Marx can speak more than ten languages. 【词汇过关】 选词填空（注意变化合适的形式）： break down break up break through break off break in break away from break into break out 1. Excuse me for ______________, but I have some news to tell you. 2. Have you heard that a big fire _______________ in the town last night? 3. Unfortunately, the car may _____________, so we have to walk home. 4. The rabbit _________________ the hunter and ran into the woods. 5. To our surprise, the sun _____________ the clouds in the afternoon. 6. I want to know when the party will ____________ ? 7. There was no one who might see him trying _______________ the house. 8. We had to __________our discussion because it was getting late． ————我是答案的分割线———— 句 1 参考答案： 句式仿写： 1. as it is 2. as they are 3. as the doctor had told her 4. do as the Romans do 5. as he tells us 句 2 参考答案： 句式仿写： 1. It turns out that 2. It seemed that 3. It happened that4. It is certain that 5. It is amazing that 词汇过关： 1. breaking in 2. broke out 3. break down 4. broke away from 5. broke through 6. break up 7. to break into 8. break off