英语模拟试卷（3 月份）
一、阅读理解（本大题共 14 小题，共 30.0 分）
A
Does being close to sea creatures excite your kid？ If your idea of having a memorable moment is by
spending your next vacation with your kid in Mother Nature，close to sea creatures，then continue
your reading．Below are some of the places we have found out in regards to the best ecotourism
destinations in Europe．
The Bay of Biscay，in France
All along the west coast of France is the Bay of Biscay where you can frequently see a number of
species of dolphins．Whether you're sailing out into the bay yourself or just travelling through by
boat，these friendly creatures regularly appear suddenly alongside boats and will swim along with
you．
Sardinia，in Italy
There are plenty of beautiful places along the coast of Sardinia． However，if it's sea horse spotting
you're after then head to the north of the island，where you'll find Arcipelago di La Maddalena Park，
a national park that is home to some amazing sea horses as well as lots of other unbelievable
underwater life．
Kefalonia，in Greece
One of the best places in Europe to see turtles（海龟）is around the Greek island of Kefalonia．Sea
turtles return to the island in the summer months to lay their eggs along the sandy beaches．The area
of Argostoli is a good place to head to；it's well-known for its snorkelling（潜泳）and you can also
see sea turtles bobbing（冒出）their heads up from the bay of nearby Kefalonia．
The Algarve，in Portugal
Along the Algarve in Portugal you'11 find amazing，sandy beaches set among cliffs（悬崖）．Praia
da Marinha，often said to be one of the best beaches in the Algarve，also is proud of fantastic
snorkelling where you can see colourful and bright starfish．
1. Where can sea horses be seen？ ______
A. Along the south coast of Sardinia．
B. Along the west coast of France．
C. In the Greek island of Kefalonia．
D. In Arcipelago di La Maddalena Park．
2. What do Kefalonia and the Algarve have in common？ ______
A. They are home to sea turtles．
B. They provide dolphin spotting．
C. They are famous for snorkelling．
D. They have the best beaches in Europe．
3. For whom is the text most probably written？ ______
A. Children． B. Parents． C. Teachers． D. Biologists．
B
The morning after an evening struggle to care for my three-year-old daughter， I couldn't wait to get
her to school． I， as a mother， was tired from the anger and her inability to communicate because
of her slowed language development．
As I accompanied her into the car， I felt desperate． Nothing was right with our world． She'd been
born around the same time when the nation was witnessing the birth of another Great Recession． My
job and my house had been victims． Then this happened． My child's language delay was
identified， but doctors struggled to properly help her， I felt like we both needed to he rescued．
I returned that afternoon as disenchanted with the little girl 1 loved as when 1 left． Walking slowly
toward the school's playground gate， I found her preschool teacher racing to greet me．
"You should have seen her today!" His breathy words were supported by excitement． I didn't
interrupt． "See that climber． " He pointed to a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked
like a rock wall． I nodded． "Well， every day since she started school， she's tried and failed to
make it to the top． " He took a breath． "And today she did it!"
He expressed his joy just as he'd witnessed her conquering Mount Everest! "She cheered and
celebrated! I wish I'd recorded it!" His words comforted me． My daughter had conquered her
mountain．
As she ran toward me， I recognized something I hadn't before． I saw her perseverance（毅力）．
I saw her strength． I saw a Hero．
Everyday greatness celebrates ordinary people who do unusual things in big and small ways，
showing courage， kindness， love and selflessness． We encourage you to click these brief
accounts and invite you to share your own story．
4. Why did the author rush her daughter to school？ ______
A. She was busy with her work as a doctor．
B. She had a fight with her daughter last night．
C. She broke down when dealing with her daughter．
D. She had to sell their house due to Great Recession．
5. Which of the following best explains "disenchanted" underlined in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Happy． B. Concerned．
C. Careful． D. Disappointed．
6. Why did the little girl's preschool teacher feel excited？ ______
A. She succeeded in standing on Mount Everest．
B. She managed to climb up the wooden equipment．
C. She got the first place in the school sports meet．
D. She began to communicate with others normally．
7. From which is the text most probably taken？ ______
A. The radio． B. A magazine．
C. A newspaper． D. The Internet．
C
The average American checks his/her smart phone once every six and a half minutes， or roughly 150
times each day．You probably do this without even thinking about it．This can influence how well we
focus，and the degree to which we can have meaningful social communications， especially if we're
constantly interrupting ourselves with technology．This is a growing problem more so for younger
people．However，some people might be more immune to this constant interruption．Many older
adults may have not developed these "checking"habits，and are more focused on the present．
In our rapidly changing world，we value speed and efficiency（效率），However，there's something
to be gained by being slow．When I first started giving presentations to large audiences，I was a rapid
communicator．With my mind racing a mile a minute，I tried to say everything I knew about a topic
to be thorough，but I noticed the crowd didn't follow．Now，I have only one note to myself that I
need as a reminder before beginning a presentation："PAUSE"．I'll set aside more time for questions
and get more audience participation to assess the 1evel in which my message has been
understood．With pauses and the right speed，clear message appears，often with fewer words．
There is another chance to slow down．Slowing down can make you more aware of the Simple
dangers of walking and falling．Falls can be one major cause of hurts and deaths in old age．Thus，
taking time to walk down steps，avoiding a tripping（绊倒）danger or being aware of slippery
surfaces is important at any age．
Today，there're parts of our life that stress the benefits of being slow． And as we age，we might see
the benefits of slowing down a little bit．While we often seek to prevent the process of aging，one
necessity and potential benefit of aging may be to appreciate the benefits of slowing，enjoy the here
and now a little bit more，and not to worry so much about the future．
8. How does technology affect younger people according to the author？ ______
A. It improves their communication skills．
B. It makes their life pace much faster．
C. It helps them form a number of good habits．
D. It causes destructive harms to their memory．
9. What made the author change his/her speech style？ ______
A. His/Her high-speed thinking ability．
B. His/Her fast-changing speech topics．
C. The audiences'not participating．
D. The audiences'not understanding him/her．（ 3）Where can you find the potential opinion
that slowing down helps to advoid physical dangers？ ______ A．In paragraph 1． B． In
paragraph 2． C．In paragraph 3． D．In paragraph 4．
10. What is suggested in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Good things are worth appreciating slowly．
B. Being slow is becoming a popular lifestyle．
C. Few people know how to enjoy being slow．
D. The old tend to enjoy the benefit of slowing more．
D
Humans have always considered themselves special compared with other animals．One reason is the
complexity of our language-bounded by unique rules，such as syntax，where we string words
together in a specific order to create meaningful sentences．But it turns out a bird may also vocalize
（发声）with syntax rules．
The Japanese great tit is a bird that's a close relative of North America's very own
chickadee．Toshitaka Suzuki of Japan's Graduate University for Advanced Studies has been listening
to the calls of the Japanese great tit for the past decade．Suzuki has recorded at least ten types of
alarm calls used by the bird．One of those is known as the ABC call，which warns other great tits of
the presence of a predator（捕食者），and another is the D call，which signals the birds to approach
the caller．
Now Suzuki and his colleagues have found that the great tit uses those calls together to deliver both
messages to other birds．And they found that the order of that call was vital-only ABC-D call made
sense to the birds．When the scientists intentionally changed the order to create a D-ABC call，the
birds did not respond．The study is published in the journal Nature Communications．
"I think the really interesting thing is why the order matters，and figuring that out I think will be
difficult but also potentially really，really interesting，because it'll give a lot of deep
understanding…"said David Wheatcroft of Sweden's Uppsala University， a member of the study
scientists．"You wouldn't expect that it would matter．Obviously it matters in human language，the
order in which we say things，but it's still somehow amazing when you find it in birds．So I think
understanding why it's the case will be really interesting in the future"
The work could help explain the evolution of the building blocks and structure（结构）of our own
language．
11. What's the major function of paragraph 1？ ______
A. To show language differences to readers．
B. To tell a commonly accepted belief to readers．
C. To introduce the background of the whole text．
D. To raise readers'interest in the following text．
12. Why did the birds make no response to D-ABC call？ ______
A. It failed to make any sense．
B. It was far beyond their level．
C. They found it barely natural．
D. They were afraid of scientists．
13. What can we know according to David Wheatcroft's words？ ______
A. He speaks positively of the discovery that the sound order exists in birds．
B. Scientists have already understood the reason why the order matters．
C. The order discovered in birds is as obvious as in human language．
D. He thinks scientists look for the order in birds for entertainment．
14. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Birds'Sound Makes Them Survive
B. Birds Help Man's Language to Evolve
C. Birds Combine Calls in a Specific Order
D. Birds'Language is Different From Man's
二、阅读七选五（本大题共 5 小题，共 10.0 分）
We automatically assume that as adults， we're wiser than when we were children． However，
actually we can learn a lot from our childhood self． For example， we can learn to develop
optimism about the future． Do you remember how excited you used to be just before Christmas？ (1)
Reintroduce that childlike wonder into our daily experiences．
We can learn to dream big and imagine the impossible． How often have you heard a child say
something like "One day， I'm going to be an astronaut"？ Our adult minds immediately laugh at
this idea and think about all the logical reasons as to why this might never happen． (2) We minimize
our chances of attaining what we dream about． It is okay to dream big just as our childhood self did．
(3) Our childhood self looked at possibilities and believed we could achieve them successfully． If
we wanted to build a tree house， we'd go about thinking about how to make it happen instead of
focusing on all the reasons it might not happen． In this way we can fill our life with possibilities
rather than regrets．
We can learn to be playful and silly sometimes， (4) Children spend a large amount of time escaping
from reality to mess about and have fun． Make time for your childhood self to come out and play．
Run around the garden， wear a silly hat or spend time laughing． (5) ．
A． Don't imagine things could go wrong．
B． We can learn to hold a "can do" attitude．
C． That feeling of great joy is hard to beat．
D． Most children tend to think in a positive way．
E． All of these activities can make us feel happy and alive．
F． We employ self-limiting beliefs without even realizing it．
G． All work and no play makes a person very dull and upset．
15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共 20 小题，共 30.0 分）
Johnny and I lived in a small neighborhood in 1955． We had bought our two young sons two (20)
for Christmas and Johnny would assemble them on Christmas Eve．
But on Christmas Eve day， Johnny (21) to go to Brookley Air Force Base in Mobile to repair a jet．
I had my hands (22) with flour， preparing for Christmas dinner and (23) two energetic boys．
I was making the chocolate cake when a（n） (24) knocked on the door． It was Beatrice who was
the (25)person on our road with a telephone． The base had (26) to say that a heavy torque wrench （扭
矩扳手） had come apart in Johnny's hand， making the hone (27)． My sister-in-law Ruth and her
husband， Otto， took me to the (28) while my mother-in-law stayed with the children．
We got there only to (29) Johnny with a cast on his arm， eager to get home although the doctor
required that he (30)． It was Christmas Eve， Johnny (31)， and he had bikes to assemble for his
boys． The doctor said he'd consider (32) him the next morning if Johnny could find someone to
drive him home．
On Christmas morning， Johnny tried calling the motor pool （车辆调配所）． They said (33)
must come from higher up， so Johnny (34) making calls． (35)， a big blue car rolled up to the
hospital asking for the man who needed a (36)home．
Johnny's mother and I were putting dinner on the table when we heard the car． We were (37) to see
Johnny． With Otto's help， Johnny assembled the boys' gifts．
That cold Christmas Day， our hearts were full of (38) for those who had gone the extra mile to
bring us (39)on the holiday．
20. A. cars B. bicycles C. phones D. toys
21. A. asked B. refused C. had D. used
22. A. full B. decorated C. related D. familiar
23. A. searching for B. playing with
C. worrying about D. looking after
24. A. stranger B. engineer C. operator D. neighbor
25. A. last B. right C. only D. first
26. A. paused B. called C. decided D. intended
27. A. broken B. dirty C. ugly D. abandoned
28. A. base B. hospital C. destination D. station
29. A. find B. supply C. assist D. equip
30. A. leave B. rest C. stay D. relax
31. A. believed B. imagined C. expected D. argued
32. A. admiring B. dismissing C. rewarding D. assessing
33. A. ideas B. demands C. orders D. policies
34. A. started B. tried C. kept D. stopped
35. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Instantly D. Gradually
36. A. lift B. recipe C. trip D. voyage
37. A. thrilled B. embarrassed C. motivated D. terrified
38. A. generosity B. consideration C. kindness D. appreciation
39. A. close B. apart C. around D. together
四、语法填空（本大题共 1 小题，共 15.0 分）
40. When Robert Lee was in primary school，
he hated to see his classmates throwing away half-eaten sandwiches after lunch．His parents had
taught him and his older brother not to waste food．"They said it was bad，"says Robert，
27．
While （1）______（study）finance and accounting at New York University，
Robert remembered this lesson and joined Two Birds One Stone，a food-rescue club at school
（2）______delivered，five days a week，uneaten pasta，vegetables and other leftovers（剩
余食物）from the dining hall to nearby homeless（3）______（shelter）．
When Robert and fellow club member Louisa Chen entered a college （4）______
（compete），they came up with a slightly different idea for a food-rescue non-profit group-
（5）______（they） program wouldn't have a donation minimum，
would operate seven days a week，and would be staffed （6）______（entire）
by volunteers．
Surprisingly，（7）
______idea stood out．Robert and Louisa Chen won the first place．（8）______ the $l，
000 prize，they founded Rescuing Leftover Cuisine（RLC）
in July 2013．In just the first few weeks，
Robert's team delivered a donation of enough noodles and meatballs to feed 20 people in line at
a New York City homeless shelter that had run out of food．Only a year into his finance job，
Robert gave up his six-figure salary （9）______（focus）on RLC．So far the organization
（10）______（reach）sixteen cities around the country．
五、短文改错（本大题共 1 小题，共 10.0 分）
41. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共
有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修
改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分．
I am always telling to work hard to have a good life in the future．However，
I do my best to play basketball and study．I want to be basketball player when I will grow up
．To realize my dreams．I practice playing basketball regularly，
aiming to make my best shots．Although I'm interesting in watching TV，
I manage to finish my homework first．I try my best in all the tests，
especial in the math test because I find math more difficulty than any other subject．Anyway I
will spare no efforts and never give in on my studies and I believe if I am sure to succeed．
六、书面表达（本大题共 1 小题，共 25.0 分）
42. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Mike 发邮件说他打算今年暑假来中国学习中国剪纸
（Chinese paper cutting）．请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．给出学习建议：观看剪纸展览，学习一门剪纸课程．
注意：1．词数 100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
英语模拟试卷（3 月份）答案和解析
1.【答案】略
【解析】
4.【答案】略
【解析】【答案】24． C 25． D 26． B 27． D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文．作者的女儿有语言障碍，尽管应对女儿使作者精疲力竭，但是女儿的坚
韧终于让她成为作者心中的英雄．
【24 题详解】
细节理解题．根据第一段"I， as a mother，
was tired from the anger and her inability to communicate because of her slowed language developm
ent．"及第二段"I felt like we both needed to be rescued．"可知，作者迫不及待地把女儿送到学
校，因为女儿有语言障碍，应对女儿使作者感到崩溃了．故 C 选项正确．
【25 题详解】
词义猜测题．根据第二段"As I accompanied her into the car， I felt desperate．"和第三段的第一
句可知，作者送孩子上学的感受和接孩子时的感受应该是一样的．由此可推断，画线词与
disappointed 意思最为接近．故 D 选项正确．
【26 题详解】
细节理解题．根据第四段可知，作者的女儿从开学第一天起就一直在努力攀登这个木制的设
备，但是一直没有成功，那天她终于成功了，所以老师很激动．故 B 选项正确．
【27 题详解】
推理判断题．根据最后一段，尤其是"We encourage you to click these brief accounts…"可推断，
本文最有可能来自于网络．故 D 选项正确．
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的
猜词方式．要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合
具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达
到猜词的目的．在第 2 小题中，考生可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其指代对
象．根据第二段"As I accompanied her into the car， I felt desperate．"（ 当我陪她上车时，我感
到绝望）和第三段的第一句
I returned that afternoon as disenchanted with the little girl 1 loved as when 1 left．可知，作者送孩
子上学的感受和接孩子时的感受应该是一样的．由此可推断，画线词与 disappointed 意思最为
接近．故 D 选项正确．
8.【答案】略
【解析】
11.【答案】略
【解析】
15.【答案】略
【解析】【答案】36． C 37． F B 39． GE
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文．主要介绍了向孩子们学习一些好的品质．
【36 题详解】
根据空前"Do you remember how excited you used to be just before Christmas？"可知，C 项"那种
巨大的喜悦的感觉是很难掩饰的"符合．故 C 选项正确．
【37 题详解】
根据空前
"Our adult minds immediately laugh at this idea and think about all the logical reasons as to why this
might never happen．"可知，F 项"我们利用自我限制的想法却不自知"符合．故 F 选项正确．
【38 题详解】
根据空后
"Our childhood self looked at possibilities and believed we could achieve them successfully．"可知，
B 项"我们可以学会持有‘能够做'的态度"符合．故 B 选项正确．
【39 题详解】
根据空前"We can learn to be playful and silly sometimes．"可知，G 项"只工作不玩耍让人变得无
聊和沮丧"符合．故 G 选项正确．
【40 题详解】
根据空前"Run around the garden， wear a silly hat or spend time laughing．"可知，E 项"所有的
这些活动都会使我们感到快乐和富有生气"符合．故 E 选项正确．
20.【答案】略
【解析】【答案】
41． B 42． C 43． A 44． D 45． D 46． C 47． B 48． A 49． B =50． A
51． C 52． D 53． B 54． C 55． C 56． C 57． A 58． A 59． D 60． D
【解析】'
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文．主要记叙了作者一家人在圣诞节那天来之不易的团聚的故事．
【41 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． cars 汽车；B． bicycles 自行车；C． phones 手机；D． toys 玩具．根据
"…he had bikes to assemble for his boys．"可知，此处指买自行车．故 B 选项正确．
【42 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． asked to do 请求做；B． refused to do 拒绝做；C． had to do 不得不做；
D． used to do 过去常常做．根据 But 及最后一段 That cold Christmas Day 可知，圣诞节放假时
间本应该是在家团聚的过节的时间，但 Johnny 却不得不上班．故 C 选项正确．
【43 题详解】
考查形容词辨析．A． full 满的；B． decorated 装饰的；C． related 有关的；D． familiar 熟悉
的．根据 making the chocolate cake 可知，作者正在做蛋糕，故作者满手都是面粉．故 A 选项
正确．
【44 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． searching for 寻找；B． playing with 和……玩；C． worrying about 担心；
D． looking after 照顾．根据"We had bought our two young sons two 1 for Christmas…"可知，
儿子们还小，故需要照顾．故 D 选项正确．
【45 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． stranger 陌生人；B． engineer 工程师；C． operator 接线员；D． neighbor
邻居．根据"Johnny and I lived in a small neighborhood in 1955．"及下文
"It was Beatrice who was the 6 person on our road with a telephone．"可推断，此处指一位邻居
敲门．故 D 选项正确．
【46 题详解】
考查形容词辨析．A． last 最后的；B． right 正确的；C． only 唯一的；D． first 第一的．根
据语境可知，Beatric 是唯一家中装有电话的邻居．故 C 选项正确．
【47 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． paused 暂停；B． called 打电话；C． decided 决定；D． intended 打算．根
据"It was Beatrice who was the 6 person on our road with a telephone．"可推断，此处指 Johnny
上班的基地打电话说他在单位出了事故．故 B 选项正确．
【48 题详解】
考查形容词辨析．A． broken 断的，坏的；B． dirty 脏的；C． ugly 丑的；D． abandoned 被
遗弃的．根据"…a heavy torque wrench （扭矩扳手） had come apart in Johnny's hand…"可推断，
此处指 Johnny 的骨头断了（broken）．故 A 选项正确．
【49 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． base 基地；B． hospital 医院；C． destination 目的地；D． station 车
站．根据"…eager to get home although the doctor required that…"可推断，作者是去医院．故 B
选项正确．
【50 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． find 发现；B． supply 供给；C． assist 辅助；D． equip 装备．此处指作
者到了医院以后发现丈夫 Johnny 的伤情．故 A 选项正确．
【51 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． leave 离开；B． rest 休息；C． stay 留下；D． relax 放松．根据语境可推
断，医生是不准许 Johnny 出院的，而是要求他留下来．故 C 选项正确．
【52 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． believed 相信；B． imagined 想象；C． expected 盼望；D． argued 争论，
提出理由．根据"It was Christmas Eve…and he had bikes to assemble for his boys．"可知，此处指
Johnny 表达观点．故 D 选项正确．
【53 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． admiring 羡慕；B． dismissing 让……离开；C． rewarding 奖励；
D． assessing 评价．根据"…if Johnny could find someone to drive him home．"可推断，医生考
虑放 Johnny 回家．故 B 选项正确．
【54 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． ideas 主意；B． demands 要求；C． orders 命令；D． policies 政策．根
据语境可知，此处指派车的命令．故 C 选项正确．
【55 题详解】
考查动词辨析．A． started 开始；B． tried 努力，试图；C． kept 继续，一直；D． stopped
停止．根据"On Christmas morning， Johnny tried calling the motor pool （车辆调配
所）． They said 14 must come from higher up…"可推断，此处指 Johnny 继续打电话．故 C
选项正确．
【56 题详解】
考查副词辨析．A． Suddenly 突然；B． Finally 最终；C． Instantly 立刻；D． Gradually 逐
渐．根据"…so Johnny 15 making calls．"可推断 Johnny 打了很多个电话后，终于要来了
车．故 C 选项正确．
【57 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． lift 便车；B． recipe 食谱；C． trip 旅行；D． voyage 航行．根据
"…if Johnny could find someone to drive him home．"可知，此处指 Johnny 搭便车回家了．故 A
选项正确．
【58 题详解】
考查形容词辨析．A． thrilled 激动的；B． embarrassed 尴尬的；C． motivated 有动机的；
D． terrified 很害怕的．原本住院的丈夫得以在圣诞节回家，作者及其家人感到激动．故 A 选
项正确．
【59 题详解】
考查名词辨析．A． generosity 慷慨；B． consideration 体贴；C． kindness 善良；
D． appreciation 感激．根据
"…for those who had gone the extra mile to bring us 20 on the holiday．"可推断，作者一家满怀
感激．故 D 选项正确．
【60 题详解】
考查副词辨析．A． close 紧密地；B． apart 分开地；C． around 在周围；D． together 在一
起．根据语境可知，此处指住院的丈夫回家与一家人团聚．故 D 选项正确．
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会"推理"出最佳选项．同学们要遵循
"上下求索"的原则来查找信息．例如，第 1 小题要求判断出作者给自己的两个儿子买什么做圣
诞礼物．根据下文 It was Christmas Eve， Johnny 12 ， and he had bikes to assemble for his boys
可知，此处指买自行车．A． cars 汽车；B． bicycles 自行车；C． phones 手机；D． toys 玩
具．故 B 选项正确．
40.【答案】略
【解析】
41.【答案】
【解析】略
42.【答案】
【解析】略
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