1
考点 01 阅读理解——2020 届高三《新题速递·英语》
（1）2020 届安徽六校教育研究会高三第二次素质测试
A
Venice, Italy
Venice is already known to be sinking, and the masses of tourists that visit the city every year certainly aren’t
helping. Locals have complained that tourism, including cruise ships, is responsible for increased pollution in the
city.
Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism: littering, engaging in horseplay, not wearing a shirt in
public, leaving love locks, and writing on or damaging trees or buildings are all fineable offenses in the city.
Barcelona, Spain
Locals in Barcelona aren’t shy about their dislike for tourists. Popular attractions have even changed their
rules as a result of tourist activity.
La Boqueria, a large public market, banned tourist groups of more than 15 people in 2015. Before the ban,
large groups of vacationers often blocked foot traffic while taking photographs, according to The Telegraph.
Santorini, Greece
Santorini is a beautiful island off the coast of Greece. It’s often packed with tourists during the summer.
In fact, due to the seasonal influx (涌入) of tourists, the island imposed a rule limiting visitors from cruise
ships to 8,000 per day. 790,000 people from 636 cruise ships visited Santorin in 2015, according to Conde Nast
Traveler, while the entire island only has a population of just over 15,000.
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Amsterdam has long been a popular vacation destination for party-loving travelers.
In response to a rise in tourism, the city has put restrictions on Airbnb so that a rental listing cannot have more
than four people at a time, and that tourists cannot keep the rental apartments for more than 60 days a year.
21．According to this passage, for which behaviour will the tourists be fined?
A．Blocking foot traffic in Barcelona B．Wearing a shirt in public in Santorini
C．Buying a love lock in Amsterdam D．Damaging a tree in Venice
22．If you are going to rent an apartment in Amsterdam as a tourist, how long can you keep it within a year at most?
A．A year. B．One month. C．Two months. D．A season.
23．What do these tourist attractions have in common?
A．These places have been popular all year around. 2
B．Rules have been set or changed regarding tourism.
C．Local people use violence against tourists.
D．The number of tourists has decreased a little.
文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了世界上著名的四大景点，为了限制过热的旅游业给城市带来的不利
影响，这些旅游景点制订了关于旅游的一些限制规则。
21.D 细节理解题。根据 Venice, Italy 部分中“Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism: littering,
engaging in horseplay, not wearing a shirt in public, leaving love locks, and writing on or damaging trees or
buildings are all fineable offenses in the city（ 威尼斯实行了严格的旅游规则：乱扔垃圾、参与打闹、在公共
场合不穿衬衫、留下爱情锁、在树木或建筑物上写字或损坏树木或建筑物都是城市中处罚的罪行）”可知，
游客在威尼斯毁坏树木是要被罚款的。故选 D 项。
22. C 细节理解题。根据 Amsterdam, the Netherlands 的介绍中，“…and that tourists cannot keep the rental
apartments for more than 60 days a year”可知， 在阿姆斯特丹,规定游客一年不能将租赁公寓保留超过 60 天。
故选 C 项。
23.B 推理判断题。在 Venice, Italy 部分中，提到“Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism 威尼斯
在旅游方面实施了严格的规定”；在 Barcelona, Spain 部分中，提到“Popular attractions have even changed their
rules …受欢迎的景点甚至改变了规则”；在 Santorini, Greece 部分中，提到“the island imposed a rule limiting
visitors…该岛实行了一项限制游客的规定”；在 Amsterdam, the Netherlands 部分中，提到“the city has put
restrictions on Airbnb”。综合上面的介绍，可以推断，这些景点的一个共同点是：为了限制过热的旅游业给
城市带来的不利影响，这些旅游景点都制订了关于旅游的一些限制规则或者更改了原有的规则。故选 B 项。
B
The famous Spanish painter Pablo Picasso once said, “Every child is an artist. The problem he has is
how to remain an artist once he grows up. ”
This is both encouraging and discouraging. The fact that we were all born to be artists is certainly exciting,
and yet the reality has proven that remaining one is a task that many of us have failed.
Fortunately, some people have seen the problem and want to solve it.
Western educators have suggested that we introduce the concept of “STEAM” instead of “STEM” - traditional
“core majors” including science, technology, engineering, and math -since the “A”, which stands for “arts”, is just
as important.
And on April 11, China’s Ministry of Education issued a guideline. Colleges and universities are required to
provide more art-related courses and students need to earn a certain number of art credits in order to graduate. 3
These efforts came after many scientific studies had found that art education helps students develop
self-confidence and teamwork skills, as well as habits of mind such as problem solving and critical thinking,
according to The Washington Post.
It’s true that none of these skills target specific jobs. But as former US ballet dancer Damian
Woetzel told The Atlantic, the purpose of art is “to give kids the tools to become adults who are creative,
adaptable, and expressive - capable of having their eyes and ears and senses alive”. And we can now see how we
lost track of our born “artist self” on our way to growing up: We failed to keep our capabilities to see, hear and feel,
and became blind, deaf and insensitive adults.
Hopefully, art education can help turn things around.
24. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To introduce a famous artist. B. To summarize the whole passage.
C. To lead in the topic. D. To encourage us to be artists.
25. Why should the concept of “STEAM” be introduced according to western educators?
A. Art is as important as traditional “core majors”.
B. All of us should learn art in college.
C. Traditional “core majors” are out of date.
D. Western education is more helpful.
26. What can we predict from the guideline issued by China’s Ministry of education?
A. More art-related courses will appear in all schools.
B. College students will have to gain enough art credits to graduate.
C. More students will major in art at colleges and universities.
D. Art will become much more important than science.
27. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Every child is an artist B. Bringing art to life
C. Learning from the artists D. Life is art
文章大意：本文是议论文。西方教育工作者提出“STEAM”的概念，说明 “艺术”和其他的核心专业同样
重要。中国教育部也发布了准则，要求 高校提供更多与艺术相关的课程，学生需要获得一定数量的艺术学
分才能毕业。艺术教育可以培养他们的自信、团队合作精神、思维习惯等。
24.C 推理判断题。文章第一段借用西班牙著名画家 Pablo Picasso 说过的话 Every child is an artist. The
problem he has is how to remain an artist once he grows up. ”每个孩子都是艺术家。 他所面临的问题是，一旦4
他长大，如何继续成为一名艺术家”，是为了引出下文的关于孩子应该接受艺术教育的话题。故选 C 项。
25.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中“we introduce the concept of “STEAM” instead of “STEM” - traditional “core
majors” including science, technology, engineering, and math -since the “A”, which stands for “arts”, is just as
important”可知， STEM 是传统的“核心专业”，包括科学、技术、工程和数学；STEAM 中的 A 代表“艺术”；
由此判断出引入“STEAM”的概念是表示“艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要。故选 A 项。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Colleges and universities are required to provide more art-related courses and
students need to earn a certain number of art credits in order to graduate. ”可知，根据中国教育部发布的准则，学
生需要获得一定量的艺术学分才能毕业。故选 B 项。
27.B 主旨大意题。西方教育工作者提出“STEAM”的概念，说明 “艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要；中国
教育部也发布了准则，要求 高校提供更多与艺术相关的课程，学生需要获得一定数量的艺术学分才能毕业；
文章第 6～7 段论述艺术教育的作用。因此文章主题是应该发展艺术教育，让艺术重回我们的生活中。所以
短文的最佳标题是“让艺术重回我们的生活中”。选项 B 项。
C
Most new runners assume that the best way to improve is simply to run greater and greater distances. While
it’s true that going farther and faster will improve your running skills, most coaches and trainers will advise some
level of strength training as well. Focusing on your core is a common suggestion. A recent study seems to back
this up. In the Journal of Biomechanics, researchers investigated a symptom that has long confused runners from
beginners to experienced ones. A good number of runners, 14 percent to be exact, experience gradual lower back
pain. The results of the new study seem to suggest that weak deep core muscles might be to blame. When these
muscles aren’t strong enough, the study found, muscles on other areas of the body kick in to keep the runner
up-right, eventually leading to back pain.
To understand the role that these muscles play, the researchers had eight volunteers with minimal running
experience run along an indoor track. High-speed cameras and 3D motion detectors analyzed which muscles
moved, and how much. Once they created a working computer model for each runner, the scientists imitated what
would happen if certain deep muscles were weaker, or shut off completely. As it turns out, when a person can’t
use their deep core muscles very well, their bodies still want (and need) to maintain a good running form, and uses
surface muscles to do so.
What’s wrong with that? A muscle is a muscle, right? Not exactly. While the surface muscles are often
targeted in workouts - they give you a six-pack (六块腹肌), after all - they are pretty useless when it comes to
supporting your spine (脊柱). The deeper core muscles, which essentially lie beneath and can’t be seen from the 5
outside, do all the heavy spinal lifting.
It’s important to note that even when you’ve made these muscles super strong, you won’t likely notice visible
results. But they will probably help you run better and definitely help prevent potential back pain. Perhaps
throwing a nice long plank (平板支撑) may work.
28. Why do most new runners want to run farther and faster?
A. Because they think it can improve running skills.
B. Because some coaches and trainers advise them to do so.
C. Because a recent study proves it to be helpful.
D. Because it’s a kind of useful strength training.
29. What does the new study show us when people do the running?
A. 14 percent of the runners have weak muscles.
B. The muscles on other areas lead to back pain.
C. Strong deep core muscles can prevent back pain.
D. The beginning runners usually have weak core muscles.
30. What happens when people do the running?
A. A working computer model can be created.
B. Certain deep muscles become weaker.
C. They use both deep and surface muscles.
D. Deep core muscles probably function first.
31. What can we infer from the text?
A. Doing a long plank can benefit the runners.
B. The spine is supported by the deep muscles.
C. Training the six-pack is useless.
D. Super strong muscles can’t be seen.
文章大意：本文是说明文。最近的一项新的研究表明，跑步时是深层的核心肌肉保证我们沉重的脊柱
的挺立。因此文章建议做力量训练，锻炼深层的核心肌肉力量，这样才能防止跑步者背部疼痛。
28.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Most new runners assume that the best way to improve is simply to run greater
and greater distances. While it’s true that going farther and faster will improve your running skills,…”可知，大多
数新跑步者认为，要提高跑步技能，最好方法是跑步速度更快、距离更远。 故选 A 项。
29.C 推理判断题。14%的跑步者会经历背部疼痛。第一段中关于一项新研究的介绍中分析了原因，“The results 6
of the new study seem to suggest that weak deep core muscles might be to blame. When these muscles aren’t
strong enough, the study found, muscles on other areas of the body kick in to keep the runner up-right, eventually
leading to back pain. （这项新研究的结果似乎表明，脆弱的深层核心肌肉可能是罪魁祸首。 研究发现，当
这些肌肉不够强壮时，身体其他部位的肌肉会起作用，跑步者保持向上的姿势，最终导致背部疼痛）”可以
推断，这项新的研究表明，跑步者背部疼痛是因为深层核心肌肉太弱。如果深层核心肌肉强壮，就能够预
防跑步时背部疼痛。故选 C 项。
30.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中关于跑步时表层肌肉和深层核心肌肉所起作用的研究的描述，“While the
surface muscles are often targeted in workouts… they are pretty useless when it comes to supporting your spine (脊
柱). The deeper core muscles, …do all the heavy spinal lifting. ( 虽然在锻炼中人们看到的是表层肌肉，但是
当涉及到支撑你的脊柱时，表层肌肉是无用的。 更深层的核心肌肉负责所有的繁重的脊椎挺立的任务。)”，
因此可以推断，跑步时先起到作用的可能是深层核心肌肉。故选 D 项。
31.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But they will probably help you run better and definitely help prevent potential
back pain. Perhaps throwing a nice long plank (平板支撑) may work. ”可知，作者认为做平板支撑对跑步者有
好处，可以提高深层的核心肌肉力量，能够帮助你跑得更好，有助于预防背部疼痛。由此判断出平板支撑
使跑步者受益。 故选 A 项。
D
For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many outstanding figures,
from world leaders to scientists to comedians.
On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. Designed by IBM, Project
Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen to and
answer opposing statements, much like a real person.
Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other
information sources. It then filters out useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into
a persuasive argument.
In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will do more harm than good in the long term.
According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics with humans.
Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted to the IBM
website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project
Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.
Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to 7
solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations. ”
In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the
workplace.
According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently
support them.
Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect,
but it’s going in the right direction. ”
32. What can we learn about the University of Cambridge debating society?
A. It has hosted many debating parties for centuries.
B. It designed Project Debater with IBM.
C. It has invited many famous hosts to join it.
D. It has never hosted a non-human guest before.
33. What do we know about Project Debater?
A. In the Cambridge test debate, it argued for both sides.
B. AI helps it to find the useful information sources.
C. Before the debate the arguments were submitted to it.
D. It would create many new jobs in the future.
34. What’s the probable purpose of debate?
A. To find out how AI works.
B. To create a debating machine.
C. To do an experiment about AI.
D. To prove AI is better than humans.
35. How does Noam Slonim feel about AI?
A. Worried. B. Hopeful. C. Doubtful. D. Nervous.
文章大意：本文是新闻报道。由 IBM 设计的机器人 Project Debater 使用人工智能进行辩论。在测试辩
论赛中，该机器人就辩题“人工智能是否最终弊大于利”代表正方两方进行辩论。该项目的首席工程师 Noam
Slonim 表示“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正确的。”
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. ”
可知，剑桥辩论学会迎来了首位非人类嘉宾，也就是说剑桥辩论学会第一次用机器人进行辩论。所以剑桥
大学辩论协会从来没有接待过非人类的客人。故选 D 项。8
33.A 细节理解题。根据第四段 Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.
可知，在辩论测试赛中，机器人为正反两方进行辩论。故选 A 项。
34.C 推理判断题。在剑桥测试辩论赛上，机器人 Project Debater 使用人工智能进行辩论，并且还陈述正方
两方的观点。该项目的首席工程师 Noam Slonim 评论说“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正确的。”因此
可以推断，这次测试辩论赛的目的是就人工智能进行辩论而进行的一次实验。故选 C 项。
35.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Noam Slonim 所说的话“The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right
direction”，Noam Slonim 认为虽然人工智能并不完美，但对它进行研究的方向是正确的。因此可以推断，Noam
Slonim 认为对人工智能的研究是充满希望的。故选 B 项。
（2）2020 届河南省洛阳市高三下学期第二次统一考试
A
Are you driven to create change in bettering kids’ futures? Here are a few options.
Education
Going after a career in education is sometimes overlooked. Yet teaching is an important path to creating
change. You will educate the young minds responsible for the future. In addition to presenting basic school subjects,
you can teach them to be leaders. You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves.
A career in education doesn’t have to mean leaching in a classroom. You can help them to learn in a way that
works for them and be a friend to them as well.
Social work
As a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children in need as well advocate for services for drug
abusers, family-violence survivors, mental-health patients, and more. You will provide them with the necessary
resources to succeed and advise them through trauma (精神创伤), unemployment, education difficulties, addiction
and poverty.
Many social workers are associated with governmental agencies, but there are also jobs in schools, nonprofit
organizations and hospitals.
Child psychology
Studying child psychology may lead to a career option. Psychologists can provide support for children with
mental-health problems and give them a place to be open about their feelings.
You may wish to become a school psychologist and guide children (and their parents) through the education
system while dealing with mental illness or trauma. As a psychologist, you will help your patients find the source
of trauma or stress and discover ways of reducing or removing the problem. You may even conduct your own 9
research on new treatment methods.
1. Which educational concept does the author support?
A. Working with students’ group leaders.
B. Teaching children according to their interests.
C. Keeping teaching children in the classroom.
D. Encouraging students to make a change themselves.
2. Who will social workers help most probably?
A. Governmental officials.
B. Local business agents.
C. Children with education difficulties.
D. Women suffering from family violence.
3. Which career mainly deals with children with mental illness?
A. Educators.
B. School leaders.
C. Social workers.
D. School psychologists.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。本文讲了三种帮助儿童有更好的未来的途径，分别是教育，社会工作者
以及儿童心理学家，分别说明了儿童有什么问题，可以寻求哪些帮助等等。
1.D 细节理解题。由文章 Education 部分下的 You will educate the young minds responsible for the future. In
addition to presenting basic school subjects, you can teach them to be leaders. You can motivate them to want to
make a difference themselves.(你要教育孩子们对将来负责。除了给他们提供基本的学校科目外，你可以教他
们成为领导，你可以激励他们改变自己)可知，作者支持的观点是，教育孩子自己做出改变。D. Encouraging
students to make a change themselves.(鼓励孩子自己做出改变)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。
2.C 细节理解题。由文章 Social work 部分下的 As a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children
in need as well advocate for services for drug abusers, family-violence survivors, mental-health patients, and
more.(作为一个社工，你可以直接改变有需要的孩子的生活，并提倡为吸毒者、家暴幸存者、心理健康患者
等提供服务)可知，作为社工最有可能帮助到的是孩子。C. Children with education difficulties.(有教育问题的
孩子)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据 Child psychology 部分下的 As a psychologist, you will help your patients find the source
of trauma or stress and discover ways of reducing or removing the problem.(心理学家可以为有心理健康问题的10
儿童提供支持，给他们一个敞开心扉的空间)可知，成为学校心理学家能帮助有精神有疾病的孩子。故选 C
项。
B
I’ve spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck. I
teach entrepreneurship (社会学). We know many new enterprises fail, and innovators (创业者)need luck.
With my students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks. I
do this myself all the time. About a dozen years ago, during a flight, I decided to take a little risk. I started a
conversation with the man sitting next to me. I introduced myself, and I learned that he was a publisher. I learned
all about the future of the publishing industry and we exchanged contact ( 联 系 ) information. So about three
quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk. I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class.
Although he was very polite, he said it wasn’t right for us.
A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book, the future of publishing
and invited him to come to my class. So he gladly came to my class. We had a great experience. A few months later,
I wrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so
stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it. I was a little bit hurt, but it was all right. So I invited
him and his colleagues to have lunch together. Later, one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book.
And I pulled out the exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier. Within two years, my book had sold over
a million copies.
4. We can infer from the author’s experience on the plane that .
A. the publisher was stricken by his book
B. that was his first experience by plane
C. the first risk during the night didn’t work out
D. the experience made him transform his book
5. Why did the author send the students’ video clips?
A. To have their book published. B. To help to increase his luck.
C. To assess their writing skills. D. To help them see their strength.
6. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Take the Lead B. Everything is Possible
C. Win in Danger D. Luck and Risk
7. What does the author think resulted in his luck?11
A. Publishing books. B. A series of small risks.
C. Being turned down frequently. D. Meeting with the stranger on the plane.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮
助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的 A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transforming the
book, the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class.(几个月后，我告诉他我正在做这本书的改造
工作，关于未来的出版，并邀请他来我的课堂)可知，飞机上的经历，让作者决定改造他的书。D. the experience
made him transform his book(这个经历让他改造自己的书)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk. I showed
him a book plan I was doing in my class.(过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险。我给他看了我在课堂
上做的读书计划)及 A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another
project my students had made. He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.(几个月后，
我又给他写了一封信，把学生们做的另一个项目的一些视频剪辑发给了他。他被其中一本书深深地打动了，
以为里面有一本书)可推测，作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气。B. To
help to increase his luck(为了帮助增加他的运气)符合以上推测，故选 B 项。
6.D 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的 I’ve spent two decades observing what makes people
lucky and trying to help people increase their luck.和二段的 With my students, I spend much time encouraging
them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks. I do this myself all the time.可知，本文主要讲述作者近
二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区
并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。D. Luck and Risk(运气和冒险)可以作为本文标题，故选 D
项。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 About a dozen years ago, during a flight, I decided to take a little risk.(大约 12
年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒一点险)及第三段的 So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take
another risk.(所以，过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险)和第三段的 A few months later, I wrote to
him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so stricken
by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.(几个月后，我再次写信给他，把一堆我学生做的另一个项
目的视频剪辑寄给他。他被其中的一个深深感动了，认为可以写一本书)可知，出版商拒绝之后，作者一直
没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，最终成功的出版了这本书。由此推测，作者认为是一些小的
冒险让他成功了。B. A series of small risks(一系列小的冒险)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。
C12
On winter, a fisherman — Jim Savage — was braving the freezing temperatures when he noticed a baby
dolphin struggling to free herself from another fisherman’s traps — the netting. Jim spoke to her and she calmed
down as he cut her free from the line. Seeing she was too tired to swim away, he called the Wildlife Conservation
Commission and they rescued the dolphin, named her Winter and took her back to the center to get treatment.
Winter was placed in a holding tank and the team put a feeding tube in her throat. Soon, though, Winter
learned how to eat from a bottle. But the line wrapping around Winter’s tail had caused her tail to fall off piece by
piece. Eventually all that was left was a fleshy stump (残肢). Though Winter did eventually start to swim, she
taught herself an entirely original way — to swing her tail stump from side to side like a fish.
She learned very well and learned how to trust and love the people who cared for her. And she made a new
non-human friend — Panama, another rescued dolphin. The two became lifelong friends, completely inseparable.
But her trainers were worried, her original moving way prevented her from growing properly. Then Kevin
Carroll, a dolphin lover and maker of prosthetic limbs (假肢) for people, stepped in. With a team of experts, vets,
and trainers, Kevin developed a new tail for Winter. Winter was retrained to use the device (装置) to swim properly,
but with lots of hard work she did it!
Word about the disabled dolphin got it and everyone could relate to the dolphin. Now she seems to connect
with everyone - from adults with prostheses to a little girl who didn’t want to wear her hearing aid until she met
Winter.
8. What made Winter calm down?
A. The netting.
B. Jim’s words.
C. The rescue team.
D. The new tail.
9. Why did Jim phone the Wildlife Conservation Commission?
A. To cure the baby dolphin.
B. To deal with the fishing net.
C. To rescue the other fisherman.
D. To look at the baby dolphin.
10. What made the trainers worried?
A. Winter’s relationship with Panama.
B. Winter’s popularity with visitors.13
C. The effect of the damage on Winter.
D. Winter’s moving style like other dolphins.
11. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A. It’s beautiful.
B. It’s controversial.
C. It’s humorous.
D. It’s discouraging.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只受伤的小海豚在一个渔民和野生动物保护中心的帮
助下获救，并通过自己的努力学会用假尾巴游泳，给人们带来鼓励和帮助的故事。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的 Jim spoke to her and she calmed down as he cut her free from the line. (吉姆对
她讲话，她平静了下来，他把她从绳子上救下来)可知，吉姆的话让她平静了下来。B. Jim’s words.(吉姆的
话)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。
9.D 推理判断题。根据第一段的 Seeing she was too tired to swim away, he called the Wildlife Conservation
Commission and they rescued the dolphin, named her Winter and took her back to the center to get treatment.(看到
她累得游不动了，他打电话给野生动物保护中心，他们救了这只海豚，给她取名为冬天，并带她回到治疗
中心接受治疗)可推测，吉姆打电话给野生动物保护中心是让他们来看这只海豚。D. To look at the baby
dolphin.(来看这只小海豚)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的 Eventually all that was left was a fleshy stump (残肢). Though Winter did
eventually start to swim, she taught herself an entirely original way — to swing her tail stump from side to side like
a fish.(但是，缠在冬天尾巴上的鱼线使她的尾巴一片片地脱落了。最终，冬天开始了游泳，但她自学了一种
完全独创的方法——像鱼一样左右摆动尾巴)第四段的 But her trainers were worried, her original moving way
prevented her from growing properly.(但她的训练员很担心，她最初的移动方式妨碍了她的正常生长)可知，训
练员担心小海豚的伤最终会对她的生长造成影响。C. The effect of the damage on Winter.(受伤给冬天造成的
影响)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。
11.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Now she seems to connect with everyone — from adults with prostheses to a
little girl who didn’t want to wear her hearing aid until she met Winter.(现在，她似乎和每个人都有了联系——从
戴着假肢的成年人到直到遇到冬天才戴上助听器的小女孩)可知，Winter 这只海豚带给了许多人鼓励和帮助。
由此推测，作者认为这件事情的结局是美好的。故选 A 项。
D
Plastic is the workhorse material of the modern economy (经济). Lightweight and durable, it’s been used to 14
make a vast number of products since its introduction over 100 years ago.
However, a study carried out by the World Economic Forum, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and McKinsey
Company showed the status of the breakdown in the global plastic system. A full 32% of the 78 million tons of
plastic packaging produced annually is left to flow into our oceans.
The Ocean Cleanup, a start-up founded in 2013, is the brainchild of Boyan Slat, who came up with the idea for
the company when he was just 17 years old. Since then, it’s received more than $2 million in funding(基金). The
company plans to use a large array (列阵) that will be fixed to the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. This will have arms
that spread out over 100 km, getting all of the plastic garbage pushed into its nets. This is then collected by a
10,000-metre-cube container that will be emptied monthly.
Most recently, the Ocean Cleanup launched a team of explorers aboard a specially refitted C-130 Hercules
aircraft heavily loaded with specialized sensor equipment. It discovered that the problem was worse than expected
with an abundance of plastics measuring up to 1.5 m across and at a higher density than previously thought. The
organization will continue to pilot the array and will start cleaning the pile before the end of the decade.
Once the plastic is out, what should we do with it? The foundation (基金会) hopes that the plastic from the
ocean will have a commercial value which can help to fund the project. Ocean plastic is not easy to use, it’s mixed
by nature consisting of everything from intact PET bottles to micro plastics. However, some of the world's biggest
companies also see the chance to market oceans plastic products.
Transforming today’s plastics economy from its present form (take-make-waste) to a zero waste circular
economy (take-make-take-make) is a difficult challenge. However, with cooperative action from producers,
recyclers, governments and consumers alike and continuing innovation (革新) it can be done.
12. What’s Boyan Slat’s idea about?
A. A way to collect ocean plastic waste.
B. A new product made of ocean plastic.
C. A machine to recycle plastic garbage.
D. An organization to research into plastic.
13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “density” in Paragraph 4?
A. Flexibility. B. Thickness.
C. Width. D. Strength.
14. What do some biggest companies expect of the ocean plastic?
A. It’ll be turned into treasure. B. It’ll sponsor the foundation.15
C. It’ll cooperate with the government. D. It’ll take the form of take-make-waste.
15. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook.
C. A novel. D. A magazine
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方案。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的 The company plans to use a large array that will be fixed to the bottom of the
Pacific Ocean.This will have arms that spread out over 100 km, getting all of the plastic garbage pushed into its
nets .(该公司计划用一个固定在太平洋底部的很大的列阵。这些列阵有可以伸长到 100 千米的手臂，能把所
有的塑料垃圾都推到网里面)可知，Boyan Slat 的想法是关于如何收集海洋里面的塑料垃圾。A. A way to
collect ocean plastic waste.(一个收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段的 It discovered that the problem was worse than expected with an abundance of
plastics measuring up to 1.5 m across and at a higher density than previously thought .可知，它发现这个问题比预
期的糟糕，因为垃圾的厚度高达 1.5 米，比之前想的 density 要高。根据句意，猜测划线部分的意思是“厚
度”。B. Thickness.(厚度)符合以上猜测，故选 B 项。
14.A 细节理解题。根据第五段的 The foundation (基金会) hopes that the plastic from the ocean will have a
commercial value which can help to fund the project. (基金会希望来自海洋的塑料垃圾会有一个商业价值，它可
以资助该项目)和 However, some of the world’s biggest companies also see the chance to market oceans plastic
products.(然而一些世界级的大公司也看到了这个出售海洋塑料垃圾的机会)可知，一些世界级的大公司期待
海洋塑料垃圾，是因为它有商业价值。A. It’ll be turned into treasure.(它会被变成值钱的东西)符合以上说法，
故选 A 项。
15.D 推理判断题。本篇文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方案。由此推测，
本文很有可能出现在和环保相关的杂志上。D. A magazine(杂志)符合以上推测，故选 D 项。
（3）2020 届河南省名校（、信阳、漯河、四校)高三线上联合考试
A
Camp Ballibay for Fine & Performing Arts
Camp Ballibay is a summer arts camp that offers engaging programs in theater, art, dance, rock, and media for
young artists at all levels.
Three hours from New York City, on a beautiful Pennsylvania mountaintop, is the summer camp for creative,
independent-minded kids.
With never more than 160 kids, and always at least 40 adults, it’s an ideal community for fun and learning: 16
warm, diverse? and accepting.
80% of the kids come for more than one summer, and 25% of the camp community has been coming for more
than 5 years.
We offer 3 & 4 week general programs, where teens design their own program days, choosing from any and
all of our activities. We also have 2 & 3 week programs with a visual arts focus, 2 week rock music camps, and 2
week intensive dance programs.
Q & A
What type of teen attends your program?
We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids who don’t necessarily have an easy time finding
their “group”, because they are young artists, different thinkers, free spirits, super-shy, etc... When the right kids
come to Ballibay, they know they are among “their people”, often within minutes of arriving on campus.
What is special about your program?
Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition.
There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do or to be anything or anyone in particular. We attract the artist,
and the different thinker.
1. How many of the teens have come to Camp Ballibay before?
A. Half of them. B. Most of them.
C. 75% of them. D. A quarter of them.
2. What can the teens who attend general programs do?
A. They can choose either visual arts or dance programs.
B. They can stay for two weeks learning everything.
C. They can decide for themselves what they want.
D. They can design anything based on their interests.
3. According to Q&A, which of the following best describes Camp Ballibay?
A. A friendly atmosphere with no pressure.
B. An attractive place with many challenges.
C. A competitive environment for artistic growth.
D. A unique summer camp for exploration of arts.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了巴利拜营地，它的特点以及课程。这是一个欢迎任何能力阶
段的孩子的夏令营，并且提供可以供孩子们自主选择的课程。17
1.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中 80％ of the kids come for more than one summer(80%的孩子不止一个夏
天来这里)可知，大多数孩子之前都来过巴利拜营地。故选 B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中 we offer3＆4 week general programs,where teens design their own program
days,choosing from any and all of ouractivities(我们提供 3 周和 4 周的普通课程，青少年可以在其中设计自己
的课程日，从我们的任何和所有活动中进行选择)可知，他们可以选择自己想要的课程。故选 C。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中 We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids（ 我们为
许多特殊的孩子提供了一个温暖安全的空间）以及文章最后一段中 Ballibay is a unique environment for
personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure
to do or to be anything or anyone in particular（Ballibay 是一个独特的个人和艺术成长的环境。我们坚信不竞
争。没有竞赛，没有奖励，没有压力去做或成为任何特别的人或事）由此判断出，Camp Ballibay 没有压力，
且氛围友好。故选 A。
B
One peaceful afternoon, I open a photo album. I turn to a photo of a nice old man I had the honor to meet
once. The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend. He was once one of the glorious
“Flying Tigers”.
The “Flying Tigers” were also known as the American Volunteer Group. They served in China before the
United States officially got involved in World War Ⅱ. They fought bravely for us against the Japanese. Only a few
of them are still alive.
Louis T. Sneddon was a tail gunner and assistant engineer with the 14th Air Force near Kunming.
I expected to meet a serious man, but in fact Louis was kind and always smiled at me.
“I’m happy to be back in your home after 60 years. China has been in my heart although far away,” he said to
me.
I was astonished when he told me his story. He finished 30 to 40 flying tasks, with over 900 hours of flight
time. The main task was to patrol (巡逻) and attack ships moving between Japan, China and the Pacific islands.
Bomb runs would fly low under the radar, drop their bombs and fly over the ships. These were considered to be the
most dangerous missions of the war.
“Were you ever afraid?” I asked.
“I don’t know. Well, I didn’t think much about it. I just… did it,” he said, with a smile on his face. “But I was
fortunate. The 10-member crew of my plane all returned alive.”
He was badly wounded, but he did not report his wounds and kept flying. His bravery and spirit deeply moved 18
me, while his personality taught me a life-lesson.
“Make every day count.” His words ring in my mind. But the important thing I learnt from him was that we
need to overcome our fear. Sometimes we think too much about the consequences, when we should really breathe
deeply and take the brave, necessary step.
4. When did the “Flying Tigers” serve in China?
A. When World War II broke out.
B. Before the US was formally drawn into World War Ⅱ.
C. When America got the final victory in World War Ⅱ.
D. After China declared war against Japan.
5. Which of the following is TRUE about Louis T. Sneddon’s main task?
A. It was extremely difficult and dangerous.
B. Louis T. Sneddon had to fly for 900 hours in this task.
C. No one but Louis T. Sneddon survived in this task.
D. Louis T. Sneddon was slightly wounded in this task.
6. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Tiger of a Man B. A Photo Album
C. Flying Tasks D. The American Volunteer Group
7. What was the intention of the author to write this passage?
A. To memorize a brave soldier.
B. To tell us a lesson of being optimistic.
C. To share his experience with us.
D. To appeal for peace forever.
文章大意：本文为记叙文。文章讲述“我”在翻看相册时，一位曾经见过一次而引以为荣的老人勾起了“我”
对他的回忆，那就是传奇式人物——二战“飞虎队”成员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。他的勇敢深深地打动着
“我”。
4.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“They served in China before the United States officially got involved in
World War Ⅱ.”他们在美国正式参加二战之前在中国服役。故选 B。
5.A 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中 The main task was to patrol (巡逻) and attack ships moving between Japan,
China and the Pacific islands. Bomb runs would fly low under the radar, drop their bombs and fly over the
ships.These were considered to be the most dangerous missions of the war.（主要任务是巡逻和攻击在日本，中19
国和太平洋岛屿之间航行的船只。 炸弹会在雷达下低空飞行，投下炸弹，然后飞过船只。这些被认为是这
次战争中最危险的任务）。由此可知，Louis T. Sneddon 的任务是极其困难和危险的。故选 A。
6.A 标题判断题。根据文章第一段中 One peaceful afternoon, I open a photo album. I turn to a photo of a nice old
man I had the honor to meet once. The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend. He
was once one of the glorious “Flying Tigers”.（一个宁静的下午，我打开一本相册。我转向一张我有幸见过一
次面的和蔼可亲的老人的照片。记忆就会涌上心头。那位老人不仅善良，而且是个传奇人物。他曾经是光
荣的“飞虎队”之一）由此可知，文章主要讲述了“我”在翻看相册时，一位曾经见过一次而引以为荣的老人勾
起了“我”的回忆，那就是传奇式人物——二战“飞虎队”成员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。故本文是介绍曾是“飞
虎队”成员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。故 A 项（“飞虎队”成员之一）作为标题能够概括文章中心，较为贴切。
故选 A。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段 The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend.
He was once one of the glorious “Flying Tigers”.（记忆就会涌上心头。那位老人不仅善良，而且是个传奇人物。
他曾经是光荣的“飞虎队”之一）以及全文判断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念一个勇敢的战士。故选
A。
C
Science News
Tool to crow about
New Caledonian crows, birds with surprising and impressive abilities, seem to use tools constantly, not just
when they’re trying to get food. Oxford researchers report that New Caledonian crows use sticks to poke (戳) at
new and potentially threatening objects, providing the first evidence that birds use tools for more than just finding
food. Of the 10 crows tested in the experiment, four used sticks to poke at and explore a rubber spider (蜘蛛), a
flashing bicycle light and other items that they had never seen before, the scientists report online in Animal
Cognition. Checking out possible threats without making direct contact may benefit curious birds like crows.
Apes (猿) show handedness
Contrary to earlier reports, ape species, including chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans, show humanlike hand
preferences when handling objects. Chimpanzees and gorillas favored the right hand and orangutans the left hand, a
team led by psychologist William Hopkins of Agnes Scott College, found in a study to appear in the Journal of
Human Evolution. Hopkins and his colleagues observed which hand 777 apes used to reach peanut butter inside a
long tube. He wants to explore reasons for orangutans’ left-handedness. No human societies exist in which the
majority of individuals are left-handed, and neither are there societies in which left-handedness is completely 20
absent.
Plants go downhill
Researchers looking uphill for biological responses to climate change may be missing species moving
downhill, say researchers from California. Plant species do move, as seeds that are spread tend to grow better in one
place than in another. As temperatures rise, some species could, or already do, move uphill to find the kind of cool
spots they’re used to. But the best elevation (高度) for a plant to maintain its water balance can shift with climate
change. Comparing survey and climate records from the 1930s and the present day for 64 California plant species,
the best water-balancing elevation shifted downhill more often than up, the scientists report in Science.
8. What was the crows’ purpose in using sticks?
A. To move objects. B. To find some food.
C. To threaten a spider. D. To avoid possible danger.
9. What does the underlined “Apes show handedness” imply?
A. Apes prefer to use one hand rather than the other.
B. Apes prefer to use the right hand like humans.
C. Apes tend to use their hands to handle objects.
D. Apes use their hands for different purposes.
10. According to the text, what causes plant species to move uphill?
A. Their water needs. B. Climate records.
C. Global warming. D. The low elevation.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Scientific discoveries. B. Scientific experiments.
C. Scientific approaches. D. Scientific theories.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了三种生物学的情况:乌鸦使用工具、猿使用手、和植物向山
上移动，并对原因进行了简要分析与说明。
8. D 推理判断题。由第一段第二行 Oxford researchers report that New Caledonian crows use sticks to poke (戳)
at new and potentially threatening objects, providing the first evidence that birds use tools for more than just
finding food.( 牛津大学研究人员报告称，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦用棍子戳新的、具有潜在威胁的物体，这提供
了第一个证据，表明鸟类使用工具不仅仅是为了寻找食物。)由此判断出，乌鸦想借助工具判断新物体、有
潜在威胁的物体的情况，目的是为了避免危险，故选 D。
9. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Contrary to earlier reports, ape species, including chimpanzees, gorillas and 21
orangutans, show humanlike hand preferences when handling objects. Chimpanzees and gorillas favored the right
hand and orangutans the left hand（与早先的报道相反，包括黑猩猩、大猩猩和猩猩在内的猿类物种在处理物
体时表现出与人类相似的手偏好。黑猩猩和大猩猩偏爱右手，猩猩偏爱左手）故划线词“Apes show
handedness”暗示着猿类物种猿类喜欢用一只手而不是另一只。故选 A。
10.C 推理判断题。由最后一段第二行 Plant species do move, as seeds that are spread tend to grow better in one
place than in another. As temperatures rise, some species could, or already do, move uphill to find the kind of cool
spots they’re used to. But the best elevation (高度) for a plant to maintain its water balance can shift with climate
change. (植物物种是会移动的，因为散播的种子在一个地方比在另个地方长得更好。随着气温的上升，一些
物种可能，或者已经在向山上迁移，以寻找它们习惯的冷的地方。)。由此可知，导致植物物种向上移动的
原因是气温升高。由此判断出全球变暖导致植物向山上移动。故选 C。
11.A 主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章主要讲述了三种生物学的情况:乌鸦使用工具、猿使用手、和植物
向山上移动，并对原因进行了简要分析与说明。故本文主要介绍的是一些科学发现。故选 A。
D
Before dipping your hand into that bowl of M&Ms (一种巧克力豆) at the holiday party, think about what
you’re about to do. A lot. A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many pieces of candy
eat less of the real thing when given the chance.
Picturing a delicious food—like a juicy steak or an ice cream sundae—generally whets (刺激) the appetite.
But what about visualizing yourself eating the entire sundae, spoonful by spoonful?
There’s reason to think that might have the opposite effect, says Carey Morewedge, a psychologist at Carnegie
Mellon University. Researchers have found that repeated exposure to a particular food—as in taking bite after bite
of it—decreases the desire to consume more. But no one had looked to see whether merely imagining eating has the
same effect.
To find out, Morewedge and his colleagues fed M&Ms and cheese cubes to 50 university students. In one
experiment, the participants first imagined performing 33 repetitive motions (动作): Half of them imagined eating
30 M&Ms and inserting three quarters into the slot of a laundry machine. The other half imagined eating three
M&Ms and inserting 30 quarters. Then everyone was allowed to eat their fill from a bowl of M&Ms. It was
reported that those who’d imagined eating more candy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five
M&Ms.
The researchers then extended their findings to another food group—cheese. As in the M&M experiment,
people who imagined eating 30 cheese cubes consumed less of the real thing. But volunteers who imagined eating 22
30 M&Ms ate the same amount of cheese as those who imagined eating three M&Ms. Thus, the effect is specific to
the type of food imagined.
The findings should have practical applications, says Morewedge. One possible strategy for weight watchers
might be to spend a few minutes before each meal imagining eating exactly the foods they’re about to consume, he
says.
Although he is planning follow-up studies to investigate the potential of imagined consumption for helping
people control their appetite, Morewedge says he’s not planning to experiment on himself over the holidays. “I
really enjoy my mother’s cooking,” he says.
12. What did Morewedge and his colleagues want to find out with the first experiment?
A. Whether imagining eating would lead to weight loss.
B. Whether imagining eating would reduce appetite.
C. Whether picturing a delicious food would whet appetite.
D. Whether repeated exposure to food would reduce appetite.
13. What does the underlined part “the others” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Those who imagined eating 30 M&Ms.
B. Those who imagined eating three M&Ms.
C. Those who didn’t participate in the experiment.
D. Those who didn’t imagine eating M&Ms.
14. According to the findings from the experiment, which of the following may make you eat less?
A. Imagining eating any kind of food.
B. Imagining eating at least two kinds of food.
C. Imagining eating as many kinds of food as possible.
D. Imagining eating the same kind of food you will eat.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Control Your Appetite
B. Imagining Eating M&Ms: A Way to Lose Weight
C. To Eat Less, Imagine Eating More
D. The Less You Imagine, the More You Eat
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的人在有机23
会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。故文章建议要想少吃点，想象一下多吃点。
12.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 Researchers have found that repeated exposure to a particular food—as in
taking bite after bite of it—decreases the desire to consume more. But no one had looked to see whether merely
imagining eating has the same effect.（研究人员发现，反复接触一种特定的食物-就像一口接一口地吃-会降低
消费更多的欲望。但没有人研究过仅仅想象进食是否也有同样的效果。）以及文章第四段中 To find out,
Morewedge and his colleagues fed M&Ms and cheese cubes to 50 university students.（为了找出答案，莫尔韦奇
和他的同事们给 50 名大学生喂食了 M&M 巧克力糖和奶酪方块。）由此可知，莫尔韦奇和他的同事们想从
第一个实验中发现想象进食是否会降低食欲。结合选项，故选 B。
13.B 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中 In one experiment, the participants first imagined performing 33 repetitive
motions (动 作): Half of them imagined eating 30 M&Ms ... The other half imagined eating three M&Ms and
inserting 30 quarters. Then everyone was allowed to eat their fill from a bowl of M&Ms. It was reported that those
who’d imagined eating more candy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.（在一项实
验中，参与者首先想象了 33 次重复动作：其中一半人想象吃了 30 块 M&M 巧克力糖。另一半人想象吃三
块 M&M 巧克力糖，然后放入 30 枚 25 美分硬币。然后每个人都被允许一碗 M&M。据报道，那些想 x 像吃
更多糖果的人平均吃了大约 3 块，而其他人吃了大约 5 块 M&M。）由此可知，本段主要进行了一个对比试
验，故划线词 the others 指的是上文中的 The other half。即那些想象着吃三块 M&M 的人。结合选项，故选
B。
14.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many
pieces of candy eat less of the real thing when given the chance.（一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的
人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。）以及文章第四段中 It was reported that those who’d imagined
eating more candy ate about three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.（据报道，那些想吃更多糖
果的人平均吃了大约 3 块，而其他人吃了大约 5 块 M&M。）由此判断出，根据实验结果，想象自己吃的食
物和你将要吃的食物是一样的会让你的食欲降低，使你少吃。故选 D。
15.C 标题判断题。根据文章第一段中 A new study finds that people who imagine themselves consuming many
pieces of candy eat less of the real thing when given the chance.（一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的
人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。）以及分析全文可知，文章都是围绕该内容展开说明的。故 C 项
（To Eat Less, Imagine Eating More）要想少吃点，想象一下多吃点。作为标题，能够概括文章中心。故选
C。
（4）2020 届黑龙江省哈尔滨市（东北三省四市)高三下学期高考模拟
A24
The city of Toronto is the capital of Ontario and is a popular tourist destination with its beautiful city
attractions, activities, sights, and so much more to enjoy. During your time in the city, you can find theme parks,
historic locations, beautiful nature areas, and great shopping opportunities. Prepare for an unforgettable vacation to
the city with many of the locations listed below.
Popular Toronto, ON Attractions
Canada's Wonderland
This amazing 330-acre theme park allows for the entire family to enjoy their time in the city of Toronto,
Ontario. The park offers a variety of rides for all ages including thrilling rides and roller coasters, family areas and
rides featuring over 25 attractions and rides, and amazing live shows to enjoy during your visit. During the warmer
months, the park also includes a 20-acre water park to cool off and relax together with fun slides, pools, and more.
To make the park a full-day adventure, there are multiple dining options as well for a bite to eat when hunger sets
in.
Toronto Helicopter Tours
The city of Toronto has a lot to offer from its skyline including historic locations, skyscrapers, and more. With
Toronto Helicopter Tours, you can see all of these amazing sights from high above the sky for the perfect bird’s eye
view of the city. Your experienced guide will provide a live commentary （报导）along the way to point out points
of interest, as well as give fun facts and information about certain areas. The tour will be the perfect opportunity to
get photos of the city and of your travels as you fly up to 2,000 feet over the beautiful downtown Toronto sky.
Hop On - Hop Off City Tour
See the beautiful city of Toronto with this amazing hop on and hop off city tour. This city tour allows you to
get around the city in an one-of-a-kind way to see many popular locations in the downtown area. The tour allows
you to hop off at any time to see the sites and then hop on again to continue getting around the city. The full tour
without hopping off takes 2 hours if you are wanting to get a great overview o£ the city to decide where to go first
as well as get great photos from the double decker bus. Locations along the way of the tour include the Bata Shoe
Museum, Casa Loma, Dundas Square, Park Hyatt, CN Tower, Union Station, Harbourfront, Distillery District, and
so much more.
1. Where can our family get fun in a water park on a hot day?
A. Canada's Wonderland B. Toronto Helicopter Tours
C. Hop On-Hop Off City Tour D. CN Tower
2. What can you experience in the helicopter tour?25
A. Thrilling rides and roller coasters.
B. Driving a plane as a pilot.
C. 2 hours of getting around the city.
D. A great overlook of the city.
3. What place cans Hop On - Hop Off City Tour lead visitors to in the passage?
A. The downtown area. B. Toronto's Universities
C. The Theme Park. D. Ontario's other areas
文章大意：本文为说明文。文章介绍了多伦多市是安大略省的首府，是一个受欢迎的旅游胜地。它的
美丽的城市景点以及活动,让你拥有一个难忘的假期。
1.A 细节理解题。根据“Canada's Wonderland”部分中的.During the warmer months, the park also includes a
20-acre water park to cool off and relax ....。在温暖的月份，公园还有一个 20 英亩的水上公园来帮你降温和放
松......。由此可知，在炎热的天气里，一家人在水上公园“anada's Wonderland”可以玩得开心，故选 A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据“Toronto Helicopter Tours”部分中的 With Toronto Helicopter Tours, you can see all of
these amazing sights from high above the sky for the perfect bird’s eye view of the city. 有了多伦多直升飞机之旅，
你可以从高空俯瞰所有令人惊叹的景点。可知，多伦多直升飞机之旅，让你俯瞰这座城市。“from high above
the sky for the perfect bird’s eye view of”意为“高空俯瞰”，overlook 意思为“俯视”。故选 D。
3.A 细节理解题。根据“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”部分中的 See the beautiful city of Toronto with this amazing
hop on and hop off city tour. This city tour allows you to get around the city in an one-of-a-kind way to see many
popular locations in the downtown area. 在这个令人惊叹的“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”城市之旅中，这个城
市之旅让你以一种独一无二的方式游览城市，在市中心（the downtown area）看到许多热点景区。故选Ａ。
B
He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of
his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台），sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure.
His sunglasses masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last
ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thank you" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare
at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.
I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place him.
Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it
exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.
I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. The night o£ your car 26
accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an
honest life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D.
I shivered（震颤）.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club.
Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I
unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （—千块）with a pen mark underlining “In God We
Trust.”I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.
4. Why did the fat man look like a tourist?
A. Because he used money not the same as the locals.
B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on.
C. Because he doesn't look like a native citizen.
D. Because he ordered strange food and drinks.
5. How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure?
A. He was drinking all the time.
B. He sat still with his sunglasses.
C. The page remained unturned.
D. He was staring at the writer.
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. They kept in touch with each other since then.
B. The writer had been searching for the man.
C. The man became a rich man years later.
D. The writer didn't go to that interview.
7. What is their attitude towards each other?
A. Sympathetic. B. Grateful.
C. Worried. D. Trusty.
文章大意：本文为记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命，改变了双方的生活，让这
个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活，让作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。后来两人在作者工作的地方
重遇，他给作者留下小费和卡片来感谢作者，作者也为他祈祷。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of
sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台），sipping lemonade and pretending
to look at a tourism brochure.” 他看起来真的像个游客，脖子上挂着相机，包里还带着一瓶防晒霜。胖子坐在27
露台上，喝着柠檬水，假装在看旅游手册。由此可知，胖子带着旅客常带的东西，故选 B。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes.” 他已经十分钟没有翻页了。
可知他是假装在看宣传册。故选 C。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段“The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just
before it exploded.”可知， 那个神秘的陌生人在我的车爆炸前帮我从撞坏的车中出来。最后一段“The night of
my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club....” 车祸发生的那天晚上，我正要去一家
非法舞蹈俱乐部参加面试...... 。由此可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。故选 D。
7.B 推理判断题。第三段“I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you.
T... thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D.”可知，我移了他的盘子，发现了他给的小费，还有一张卡片：“我非
常感激你。愿上帝保佑你！D 先生”。第四段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an
illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back
into my life. I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.” 车祸当晚，我正前往一家非法舞蹈俱乐
部接受面试。他的英雄行为让我看到了人性的善良，使我的生活发生了变化，并使我对生活重挫拾信心。...
我默默地为他祈祷，由此可知，这个人救了作者的命并让其对生活重拾信心，作者为此感谢他。由此可推
断出他们想互感激。故选 B。
C
Instagram（图片分享社交应用程序）is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform.
After months of testing an option to hide likes in select international markets, Instagram, which is owned by
Facebook（FB）, has already been testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland and
Australia. For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience
Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been
rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now it's considering a change.
The total number of likes on posts — which appear as hearts on the app ——will disappear from Instagram's
main feed, profile pages and permalink（永久链接）pages. The owner of the account can still see their own likes,
but their followers won't know the count.
CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majority felt this move would
improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app for
young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.
But other users and psychologists said hiding likes won't fix everything. The test doesn't address some of the
key ways that activity on Instagram can impact the well-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and 28
thinking other people's lives are better than their own.
Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced his opinion that the biggest impact
of Instagram is the content and the exposure to this constant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt
psychologically. Plus, users can still see their own likes ——and feel badly if their posts don't perform well.
8. How do users experience Instagram in this passage?
A. By giving likes. B. By hiding likes.
C. By selecting platforms. D. By showing off talents.
9. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
A. profitable B. poisonous
C. popular D. positive
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Instagram has affected youngsters' mental health.
B. The account owners won't know the count o£ likes.
C. Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first.
D. The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app.
11. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. Instagram Misuses Likes
B. More People Are Against Likes
C. Likes Cause Mental Problems
D. Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram
文章大意：本文为说明文。Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。因为“点赞”让平
台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来 Instagram 一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。
8.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and
everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年来，“点赞”一直是名人、品牌、政客和普通用户体验
Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心。由此可知，体验 Instagram 是通过点赞的形式，故选 A，
9.B 猜测词义题。根据划线词的上文“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and
everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞
一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心重点。点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功
的一种方法。接着用转折连词 but 引出下文 “But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes
contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram 一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的29
平台变得更“toxic”。But 表示与前文相反的意思。可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之
相反的，不好的。再结合“Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..”
Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一面。
分析选项 A. profitable 有利可图的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. popular 受欢迎的；D. positive 积极的。可知 A、
C 和 D 都是好的一面，只有 B 项是不好的。由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。
10.A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the
most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively
impacting body image, according to one study.” 大多数认为此举将提高 app 的健康。一项研究显示，Instagram
是对年轻人心理健康最有害的社交网络应用，比如对身体形象产生负面影响。由此可推断出 Instagram 影响
了青少年的心理健康。故选 A。
11.D 主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了 Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。几个月
来 Instagram 一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。因为“点赞”平台变得更“有毒”的。接着下文具体
分析了“点赞”造成的不好的影响，从而正要隐藏“点赞”。文章分析“点赞”带来的不好的影响，所以要在 Instagram
隐藏“点赞”功能。因此 D 项是最佳题目。故选 D。
D
Living with your parents has its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kids― their grandkids.
Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren. That is, unless
grandma's too old or lives too far away.
Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which they stop having babies. Patrick
Bergeron, professor of biology at Bishop's University in Quebec, said that most of the organisms will reproduce up
to their very last moment. This increase is often explained by the so-called "grandmother effect". He thinks there
could still be a benefit for women who stop having babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their
daughters to raise larger families.
To explore the "grandmother effect" hypothesis （假设），Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200
years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough.
In some years, a third o£ the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that
having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus."Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two
and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved."
This beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs （女家长）lived nearby. That role is tougher for
them to fulfills as they get older in poor health, which brings us to the second study. The researchers found that the 30
benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild
survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, though,
rather than wickedness （邪恶）on the part of co- resident grandmothers.
So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to
grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.
12. What's the second paragraph mainly about?
A. Differences between animals and human beings.
B. Disadvantages of living with grandmas
C. Grandmothers' influence on the kids.
D. What's called“grandmother effect”.
13. How does the writer describe about the French-Canadian population more than three hundred years ago?
A. By voicing opinions. B. By providing facts.
C. By giving examples. D. By telling stories.
14. What can we infer from the second study?
A. Society should be concerned about the old women.
B. Grandmothers over 75 years old are unwilling to help.
C. Some grandmothers may occupy kids' relative recourses.
D. Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old.
15. Which of the following can be the most helpful grandmother according to the passage?
A. A healthy one living nearby. ,
B. A healthy one living abroad.
C. An old one living in a nursing home.
D. A knowledgeable one living together.
文章大意：本文为议论文。文章论述了什么是“祖母效应”，以及“祖母效应”对子孙辈的好处。
12.D 主旨大意题。分析第二段的内容可知，本段主要叙述了人类的不同寻常之处在于，雌性的寿命远远
超过了停止生育的年龄。大多数生物会一直繁殖到生命的最后一刻。Patrick Bergeron，魁北克 Bishop 大学
的生物学教授说。生育后寿命的延长通常可以用“祖母效应”来解释。他认为，对于那些停止生育的女性仍然
可以通过帮助女儿组建更大的家庭来增加她们的基因足迹。由此可知，本段主要对于什么是“祖母效应”进行
了解释和说明。故本题选 D。
13.B 推理判断题。第三段 Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian 31
population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third of the kids
were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a
definite plus. "Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to
age 15 was much improved." Brgeron 和他的同事研究了 17 和 18 世纪(三百多年前)近 200 年的法裔加拿大人
口记录。当时的生活很艰难。那些年里三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一岁。但研究人员发现，有一位仍然健
在的祖母无疑是一个优势。“有祖母的家庭可能要多活两岁左右，这些孙辈活到 15 岁的几率大大提高”由此
可知，本段以三百年前的法裔加拿大人的事实（具体的数据）为依据说明有祖母的好处。故选 B 。
14.C 推理判断题。根据第四段... The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on
hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost
certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, ... 研究人员发现，有祖母在身边的好处取决于她的
年龄，一旦祖母到了 75 岁，孙辈的生存福利就消失了。 这几乎可以肯定是由于某种形式的间接资源竞争。
由此可推断出，当祖母老了，有些祖母可能会占用孩子相关的资源。分析选项可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。
15.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段 So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river
and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.”所以一个健康的奶奶有助于一个健康的孙
子。如果“过河穿过树林到外婆家”不是一次很长的旅行。文事的“过河穿过树林到外婆家”意味着离外婆家不
远。由以上的内容可推断出，一个健康的且住在附近不远的祖母对于一个健康的孙子来说很有帮助。故选
A。
（5）2020 届湖北省武汉高三四月调研测试
A
Below you will find a profile of each gap year program. If there is a specific program you are interested in or a
question you have regarding these programs, please feel free to contact them directly.
Youth International
Since 1997, Youth International has been providing many people with the most exciting and educational
experience of their life. It is a learning program that combines international travel, inter-cultural exchange, home
stays, volunteer community service work and outdoor adventures.
Phone: 720-270-3323
Carpe Diem Education
Through volunteer service, travel and cultural exchange, students of Carpe Diem Education receive a personal
insight into themselves and their cultures. We specialize in guiding summer and semester programs for high school
students. Each course is carefully crafted to develop leadership and self-awareness within our students, who return
home better prepared to be leaders in thought and action.32
Phone: 503-285-1800
Center for Interim Programs
Founded in 1980, Center for Interim Programs is the first independent gap-year organization in America.
Based on students’ interests and budget, our experienced teachers help make individual course choices including:
low cost volunteer options, language programs, research trips, and so on. We are committed to helping students
find more experiences of formal education and work.
Phone: 413-585-0980
EF Gap Year
EF Gap Year offers students the ability to explore several countries where you will learn a language, volunteer
for a good cause, gain international work experience. Choose between a 12-week semester or 26-week academic
year. You can then personalize your program to meet your learning goals and interests by deciding where, when,
and-how you wish to study on your own. Our well-structured curriculum even allows you to place out of
college-level classes and earn advanced credits toward graduation.
21. Which phone number can you dial if you want to improve your leadership?
A. 720-270-3323. B. 503-285-1800.
C. 413-585-0980. D. 800-726-9746.
22. What is EF Gap Year’s unique feature?
A. Its reasonable fee.
B. Its experienced teachers.
C. Its personalized program.
D. Its diverse curriculum choices.
23. What do the four programs have in common?
A. They pay attention to volunteer service work.
B. They combine education with home stays.
C. They mainly offer cross-cultural education.
D. They raise students’ interest in adventure.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个为学生制定的间隔年学习项目。
21.B 细节理解题。根据 Carpe Diem Education 部分中 Each course is carefully crafted to develop leadership and
self-awareness within our students, who return home better prepared to be leaders in thought and action.可知每一
门课程都经过精心设计，旨在培养学生的领导力和自我意识，让他们在回国后能更好地为成为思想和行动33
的领导者做好准备。由此可知，如果你想提高你的领导能力，你可以拨打 503-285-1800。故选 B。
22.C 细节理解题。根据 EF Gap Year 部分中 You can then personalize your program to meet your learning goals
and interests by deciding where, when, and-how you wish to study on your own.可知然后，您可以通过决定自己
希望在哪里、何时以及如何学习来个性化您的课程，以满足您的学习目标和兴趣。由此可知，EF 间隔年的
独特之处是它的个性化程序。故选 C。
23.A 细节理解题。根据 Youth International 部分中 It is a learning program that combines international travel,
inter-cultural exchange, home stays, volunteer community service work and outdoor adventures.(这是一个结合国
际旅行、跨文化交流、家庭住宿、志愿社区服务工作和户外冒险的学习项目)；Carpe Diem Education 部分中
Through volunteer service, travel and cultural exchange, students of Carpe Diem Education receive a personal
insight into themselves and their cultures.(通过志愿服务、旅游和文化交流，及时行乐教育的学生可以了解他
们 自 己 和 他 们 的 文 化 ) ； Center for Interim Programs 部 分 中 Based on students’ interests and budget, our
experienced teachers help make individual course choices including: low cost volunteer options, language programs,
research trips, and so on.(根据学生的兴趣和预算，我们有经验的老师帮助学生选择个人课程，包括：低成本
的志愿者选择，语言课程，研究旅行等)以及 EF Gap Year 部分中 EF Gap Year offers students the ability to
explore several countries where you will learn a language, volunteer for a good cause, gain international work
experience.( EF 间隔年为学生提供了探索多个国家的能力，在那里你可以学习一门语言，为公益事业做志愿
者，获得国际工作经验)由此可知，这四个项目共同之处在于他们重视志愿服务工作。故选 A。
B
I believe in the power of science fiction, not just for its capacity to transform dreams into reality, but also for
its power to bond together those who share a common vision of the future. For me, that’s true for my relationship
with my dad. Some fathers and sons bond over sports, fishing or hunting, but my dad and I bond over Star Trek.
We tried a trip to Disney World, but one of my earliest memories wasn’t Mickey, but a Klingon battle cruiser(巡洋
舰)on the screen.
Over the years, nearly every setting and situation has become far away for my dad and me. When it’s warm at
night, we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana, but going at a slow speed with stars dimly shining. Both
of us are thinking of them, without needing to say a word. All these visions of other universes have together created
a private universe for my dad and me.
Gene Rodenberry, creator of Star Trek, once said, “Science fiction is a way of thinking, a way of logic that
bypasses( 绕 过 )a lot of nonsense. It allows people to look directly at important subjects.” A lifetime of science
fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for 34
the future. I’m now a science writer.
Yes, science fiction has made me into a “nerd” (书呆子), and it also has been a source of joy for my family,
making me an optimist while enabling me to think critically about the danger of technology. Thank those authors
who have shared their visions; the world and my family are better for it. Thank my dad, who is both the best
storyteller and the best man I have ever known because he helped me realize the truth of Tennyson’s words, “Since
I dipped into the future, I saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that would be.”
24. What is the special bond between the author and his father?
A. Their similar dreams.
B. Their love for each other.
C. Their common interest.
D. Their hatred for science.
25. What does the author mainly show in paragraph 2?
A. His deep impression on his dad.
B. His feeling of staying with his dad.
C. His earliest memory of his dad.
D. His good relationship with his dad.
26. How does science fiction help the author at present?
A. It leads him to pursue a desirable career.
B. It brings him the courage to live better.
C. It helps him solve the danger of technology.
D. It makes him become a source of his family’s joy.
27. What may be the best title for the text?
A. The Wonders of Science
B. The Power of Science Fiction
C. The Versions of Science Fiction
D. The Time together with My Father
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情，
而且帮助作者实现了梦想。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Some fathers and sons bond over sports, fishing or hunting, but my dad and I
bond over Star Trek.可知有些父亲和儿子喜欢运动、钓鱼或打猎，但我父亲和我喜欢《星际迷航》。由此可知，35
作者和他父亲之间的特殊关系是他们的共同兴趣。故选 C。
25.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 When it’s warm at night, we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana,
but going at a slow speed with stars dimly shining. Both of us are thinking of them, without needing to say a word.
All these visions of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me.可知晚上天气暖和
的时候，我们不是在印第安纳州一些黑暗的街道上开车，而是在星光暗淡的情况下，以缓慢的速度行驶。
我们两个人都在想着他们，不用说一句话。所有这些其他宇宙的景象一起为我和爸爸创造了一个私人的宇
宙。由此可推知，作者在第二段主要表明了他和他爸爸的关系很好。故选 D。
26.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中 A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with
my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future. I’m now a science writer.可知一生的科幻小说
不仅影响了我和父亲的关系，还帮助我塑造了自己对未来的希望。我现在是一名科学作家。由此可知，科
幻小说帮助作者追求理想的事业。故选 A。
27.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 I believe in the power of science fiction, not just for its capacity to
transform dreams into reality, but also for its power to bond together those who share a common vision of the
future.可知我相信科幻小说的力量，不仅因为它能把梦想变成现实，还因为它能把那些对未来有着共同愿景
的人联系在一起。结合文章主要讲述了作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的
感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。故 B 选项“科幻小说的力量”符合文章标题。故选 B。
C
If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North America - and their
Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic-wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be
around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those
bits might still be floating around the world’s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally
perhaps by one of us.
Because plastic wasn’t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950,
we have a mere 9. 2 billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than 6. 9 billion tons have become waste.
And of that waste, a surprising 6. 3 billion tons never made it to a recycling bin - the figure that shocked the
scientists who published the numbers in 2017.
No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth’s last sink. In 2015, Jenna
Jambeck, a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone’s attention with a rough estimate:
between 5. 3 million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just come from coastal regions.
Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine( 海 洋 的 )animals every year. Nearly 700 36
species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are harmed visibly, stuck by
abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from
zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across.
“This isn’t a problem where we don’t know what the solution is,” says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource
economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. “We know how to pick
up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle.” It’s a matter of building the
necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.
28. Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in paragraph 1?
A. To prove plastic was difficult to invent.
B. To introduce what marine animals like eating.
C. To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.
D. To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.
29. What’s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text?
A. Lacking protection. B. Being stuck by plastics.
C. Being caught by humans. D. Treating plastics as food.
30. What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Some people don’t know the solution of plastics waste.
B. Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic.
C. It’s time to take measures to deal with plastic waste.
D. People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.
31. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A travel brochure.
C. An environmental report. D. A lifestyle magazine.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。如今塑料垃圾已经严重地污染了我们的环境，尤其是海洋环境，人类应
该采取错误改变这一现状。
28.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中 And those bits might still be floating around the world’s oceans today, waiting to
be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally perhaps by one of us.可知这些碎片今天可能还漂浮在世界各地的海
洋里，等着被一些鱼或牡蛎吃掉，最后可能被我们中的一个吃掉。由此可推知，作者在第一段中提到朝圣
者是为了表明塑料垃圾对海洋有持久的影响。故选 D。
29.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, 37
the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across.可知各种大小的海洋生物，从浮游动物到鲸鱼，现在都吃塑料
微粒，这些微粒的直径小于五分之一英寸。由此可知，海洋动物面临的主要问题是把塑料当作食物。故选
D。
30.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal
with it. We know how to recycle.” It’s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally
before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.可知“我们知道怎么捡垃圾。任何人都可以做到。我们知道如
何处理它。我们知道如何回收。” 他说，关键是要建立必要的制度和体系，最好是在海洋变成一锅薄薄的
塑料汤之前。由此可推知，Ted Siegler 在最后一段想告诉我们是采取措施处理塑料垃圾的时候了。故选 C。
31.C 推理判断题。根据文章内容主要是关于海洋垃圾和海洋生物保护的，由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自
一份环境报告。故选 C。
D
A study found wireless signals are able to pass through bags and suitcases to judge the sizes of dangerous
metal objects and identify them. “These items could include weapons, chemicals, laptops and batteries for bombs,”
the research team said on Tuesday.
Research suggested that Wi-Fi can now be used to estimate the volume of liquids such as water, acid, alcohol
and other chemicals for explosive material. The study led by researchers at the Wireless Information Network
Laboratory(WINLAB)in the School of Engineering showed a wireless device with two to three antennas(天线)that
could be fitted in existing Wi-Fi networks.
The detection system analyzes what happens when wireless signals go through and bounce off objects or
materials. The approach, which the paper states, works by separating the wireless interference(干扰)caused by two
factors of objects - the material and shape. “Most dangerous objects such as weapons are usually metal or liquid,
which have significant interference,” researchers said.
When it was tested on a backpack, the accuracy rate topped 95 percent. “But the accuracy dropped to about 90
percent when objects inside bags are wrapped. And the tech could save lives if used in museums, stadiums, theme
parks or schools,” the team said, noting its design can inspect bags or luggage without being an exposure to
privacy.
It uses channel state information(CS)that is readily available in low-cost Wi-Fi devices. “This could have a
great impact on protecting the public from dangerous objects,” said Yingying Chen, a co-author of the study,
“There’s a growing need for that now. In large public areas, it’s hard to set up expensive screening equipment like
what’s in airports. Manpower is always needed to check bags and we want to develop a method to try to reduce 38
manpower. “
The peer-reviewed study, which recently won a best paper award at the 2018 IEEE Conference on
Communications and Network Security, is now published online. “Future work will continue to focus on
ameliorating the accuracy of identifying objects and imaging shapes and volumes,” researchers said.
32. What does paragraph 3 talk about?
A. The function of the technique.
B. The way the device works.
C. The principle the study is based on.
D. The benefit of the study findings.
33. What’s the advantage of the device?
A. It saves people in danger of natural disasters.
B. It passes through bags without damaging them.
C. It uses antennas to pick up networks’ signals.
D. It protects personal information from being exposed.
34. Why did the researchers study the device according to Yingying Chen?
A. To save money and labour.
B. To make full use of Wi-Fi.
C. To protect passengers’ privacy.
D. To research dangerous objects.
35. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “ameliorating” in the last paragraph?
A. Confirming. B. Improving.
C. Discovering. D. Examining.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家研究出的一种“安检新设备”。这种设备利用 WIFI 网络
查看包里物品体积和形状以确定包中物品是否是危险品。该设备既能提高许多公共地方的安全性，又能保
护人们的隐私。
32.B 主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句 The detection system analyzes what happens when wireless signals go
through and bounce off objects or materials.可知该探测系统分析当无线信号穿过物体或材料并反弹时会发生
什么。由此可知，第三段主要讲了这种设备的工作方式。故选 B。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 And the tech could save lives if used in museums, stadiums, theme parks or
schools,” the team said, noting its design can inspect bags or luggage without being an exposure to privacy.可知如39
果将这项技术应用于博物馆、体育场、主题公园或学校，就可以挽救生命。”该团队表示，他们注意到这项
技术的设计可以在不暴露隐私的情况下检查包或行李。由此可知，这个设备的优点是它保护个人信息不被
暴露。故选 D。
34.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中 In large public areas, it’s hard to set up expensive screening equipment like
what’s in airports. Manpower is always needed to check bags and we want to develop a method to try to reduce
manpower.可知在大型公共场所，很难安装像机场那样昂贵的安检设备。托运行李总是需要人力的，我们想
要开发一种方法来减少人力。由此可知，研究人员研究这个设备是为了节省金钱和劳力。故选 A。
35.B 词义猜测题。根据后文 the accuracy of identifying objects 以及第四段讲到，这种设备的准确性能达到
95%，但包内物品被包裹起来的时候，准确性只能达到 90%，可知未来的研究将会关注提高该设备检测的准
确性。故划线单词意思为“提高”。故选 B。
（6）2020 届四川省成都市高三第二次诊断性检测
A
Castle Rock, Colorado, is in the Front Range between Denver and Colorado Springs. The town was first
settled in the 1870s and named for the rock formation on its western edge. More than 5,400 acres of open space,
250 acres of parks and 57 miles of trails surround the town. Castle Rock offers many activities throughout the year.
Douglas County Fairgrounds
The Douglas County holds a rodeo every August. Many activities are held in the city during the rodeo,
including 4-H exhibits, animal shows and the farm yard, a hands-on educational area providing information about
animals and agriculture. Local singing and dancing acts perform on the Community Stage. Carnival rides and
games ensure that children have fun.
Town Recreation
Activities Castle Rock Recreation Center features 84,000 square feet of fun, including a leisure pool complete
with water slides, spa and lazy river. Rent one of the meeting rooms and host your child’s birthday party. Introduce
your child to cooking basics through classes such as Little Chefs, Holiday Cooking Arts, Just Desserts and Iron
Chefs. Discounts with membership cards.
Metzler Ranch Park
Metzler Ranch Park features many outdoor activities for children. Kids can join a youth baseball or softball
league, ride a bike along the paved path or swing and climb on the playground equipment. Bring your child’s
in-line skates and glide along one of two in-line hockey rinks or try out skills at the lighted skate park. Discounts 40
book online.
Theatre of Dreams
Theatre of Dreams is a 72-scat theater that presents magic and illusion entertainment. Two professional
magicians founded the theater. Children especially enjoy the family-oriented shows. The facility can be rented for
special events such as birthday parties and bar mitzvahs. Reserve in advance.
1. Which of the following offers ice sport?
A. Town Recreation. B. Metzler Ranch Park.
C. Theatre of Dreams. D. Douglas County Fairgrounds.
2. What do Town Recreation and Theatre of Dreams have in common?
A. They have various classes for kids. B. They offer discounts for the members.
C. They provide service for special events. D. They are not open to kids unaccompanied.
3. Who would most probably be interested in Castle Rock?
A. College graduates. B. Retired citizens.
C. Newly-married couples. D. Parents with kids.
文章大意：本文是应用文。文章介绍了位于科罗拉多州的洛克城堡提供的许多活动。
1.B 细节理解题。根据 Metzler Ranch Park 部分中的 Bring your child’s in-line skates and glide along one of two
in-line hockey rinks or try out skills at the lighted skate park.可知，带上孩子的直排轮滑冰鞋，沿着两个直排式
曲棍球溜冰场之一滑行，或者在灯火通明的滑冰公园尝试技巧。由此可知，Metzler Ranch Park 提供冰上运
动项目。故选 B。
2.C 细节理解题。根据 Town Recreation 部分中的 Rent one of the meeting rooms and host your child’s birthday
party.可知，租一间会议室并举行你孩子的生日聚会。根据 Theatre of Dreams 部分中的 The facility can be
rented for special events such as birthday parties and bar mitzvahs.可知，可以租用该设施以举办特殊活动，例如
生日聚会和成年礼。由此可知，Town Recreation 和 Theatre of Dreams 的共同点是它们为特殊活动（例如生
日聚会）提供服务。故选 C。
3.D 推理判断题。根据 Douglas County Fairgrounds 部分中提到 children have fun，Town Recreation 部分中
Introduce your child to cooking basics，Metzler Ranch Park 部分中提到 outdoor activities for children 及 Theatre
of Dreams 部分中提到 Children especially enjoy the family-oriented shows.可知，这些活动都提到了孩子，他们
可以从中体验到快乐、可以学习做饭、参与户外活动以及观看家庭为导向的表演。由此推知，有孩子的父
母最可能对 Castle Rock 感兴趣。故选 D。
B41
People often ask how I decide where to go, and I usually get hesitated with my response, as I don’t actually
have an answer to that. For more than three years, I have been making movements with the universe, traveling from
location to location at seemingly random intervals.
A friend of mine posted a Facebook status asking if anybody was interested in a job teaching English in China.
So I jumped on a coming plane. Walking into my first class, I was bombed by 16 strange children who couldn’t
understand a single word out of my mouth. When I walked out of my last class, six months later, I had made a
personal connection with them. Some of my students could barely speak Chinese or English. But somehow,
through determination and force, we connected.
Every class was not only a lesson in English, but in good fellowship, being a role model, being a parent, and
being a friend. I became a father to some, an older brother to others. I was loved and adored, feared and hated. I had
to learn discipline, and not only how to deal it out, but how to discipline and conduct myself as a role model. But in
between the discipline, I had to make learning a fun experience. And they forgave me when I yelled or got upset.
And when they threw temper or bruised their knee or missed their mommy, I forgave them, kissed their bruises
better, and gave them a shoulder to cry on.
Teaching English in China is, by far, the most emotionally rewarding and fulfilling thing I’ve ever challenged
myself to do. I have walked away from this job with a softened heart, knowing that I have made a difference in so
many lives. I want that. I want my teachings to be reciprocal because they taught me how to unconditionally open
my heart and how to be a more 1oving and patient person.
4. What can we learn about the writer before he came to China?
A. He didn’t have a fixed job. B. He was a professional writer.
C. He worked in a travel agency. D. He taught in a language school.
5. What was the situation like when the author met his students for the first time?
A. Hard. B. Exciting.
C. Touching. D. Inspiring.
6. What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?
A. He was casual and patient.
B. He was responsible but sensitive.
C. He was cautious but bad-tempered.
D. He was self-reflective and considerate.
7. What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?42
A. Beneficial. B. Interacted.
C. Encouraging. D. Acceptable.
文章大意：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者来中国教英语的工作经历。他对学生们的生活产生了积极
的影响，同时他也学会了敞开心扉成为一个更有爱心和耐心的人。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 For more than three years, I have been making movements with the universe,
traveling from location to location at seemingly random intervals.可知，三年多来，我一直在跟着宇宙移动，从
一个地方移动到另一个地方，时间间隔似乎是随机的。由此推知，作者在来中国之前，他没有固定的工作。
故选 A。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 Walking into my first class, I was bombed by 16 strange children who couldn’t
understand a single word out of my mouth.可知，走进我的第一堂课，我被 16 个陌生的孩子震惊了，他们无法
理解我说出的每一个字。由此推知，作者第一次见到学生时，他感觉到教学是很难开展的。故选 A。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 I was loved and adored, feared and hated. I had to learn discipline, and not only
how to deal it out, but how to discipline and conduct myself as a role model. And when they threw temper or
bruised their knee or missed their mommy, I forgave them, kissed their bruises better, and gave them a shoulder to
cry on.可知，我被爱，被崇拜，被恐惧，被憎恨。我必须学会自律，不仅要学会如何处理它，还要学会如何
自律，如何把自己作为一个榜样。当他们发脾气、碰伤膝盖或想念妈妈时，我原谅了他们，更好地吻了他
们的瘀伤，给了他们一个可以哭的肩膀。由此推知，作者是一个善于自我反省而且很体贴的人。故选 D。
7.B 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句上文 I have walked away from this job with a softened heart, knowing that I
have made a difference in so many lives.可知，我带着一颗柔软的心离开了这份工作，我知道我已经改变了很
多人的生活。再根据划线词后的 because they taught me how to unconditionally open my heart and how to be a
more 1oving and patient person.(因为他们教会了我如何无条件地敞开心扉，如何做一个更有爱心、更有耐心
的人)可知，这是作者在工作中的收获。由此推知，作者希望他的教学对学生们起到的作用能和学生对他的
影响是等同的。即划线词的意思是“同等的，对等的”。故选 B。
C
African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) bear the unfortunate nickname “jackass penguins” because they
communicate through honking, donkey-like sounds. Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their
jackass language act actually follows the same basic rules as ours.
In the study published in the journal Biology Letters, researchers recorded nearly 600 vocalizations (发声)
from 28 adult male penguins living in Italian zoos. (Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is
why the researchers turned to this population.) The scientists knew from previous research that African penguins 43
bonk using three distinct types of sound, similar to human syllables (音节), when greeting one another, mating, or
defending territory. But the researchers wanted to know whether those “syllables” followed two common linguistic
(语言学的) rules.
One of those rules, called Zipf’s law in short, was proposed in 1945 by the linguist George Zipf. The law
states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the shorter it tends to be (think of words like “the,”
“to” and “of” in English). Previous studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world languages for evidence of Zipf’s
1aw and the rule holds up in all of them.
The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its
component syllables are, while shorter words are more likely to have longer syllables. The word “onomatopoeia,”
for example, is made of six very short syllables, while “couch” is made of one longer one. Previous studies have
shown that nonhuman primates (灵长类动物) follow both these rules when they communicate with each other but
what about jackass penguins?
The researchers in the new study found that, yes, the songs of the male jackass penguin conform to both Zipf’s
and Menzerath-Altmann’s laws. The shortest calls tended to be the most common, and the longest phrases were
made up of the shortest syllables. This jackass study provided the first nonprimate evidence that these common
linguistic patterns extend into the animal kingdom, the authors wrote, and that’s nothing to hem and haw at.
8. Why did the researchers choose adult male jackass penguins?
A. They can vocalize different kinds of sounds.
B. They are more accessible than other penguins.
C. They communicate with each other through honking.
D. They make sounds frequently during the mating period.
9. What does the author try to express by mentioning the words “the”, “to” and “of” in English?
A. George Zipf’s idea is reasonable.
B. These words are extremely simple.
C. Previous studies ate very meaningful.
D. English is quite similar to other languages.
10. Which of the following fully explains what the Menzerath-Altmann law means?
A. Egg and food. B. Contradictory and shout.
C. Learn and earn. D. Discrimination and prescription.
11. What conclusion has the new study made?44
A. Many languages follow the same linguistic rules.
B. How Jackass penguins communicate wi1h each other.
C. Jackass penguins obey linguistic rules similar to those of humans.
D. ZipF’s law and Menzerath Alumann law are commonly applied rules.
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章讲述了非洲企鹅遵守与人类相似的语言规则。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is why the
researchers turned to this population.(雄性在交配期间往往会发出很多声音，这就是为什么研究人员转向这个
种群)可知，在交配期间，雄性经常会发出声音，这就是研究人员选择成年雄性企鹅的原因。故选 D。
9.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 The law states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the
shorter it tends to be (think of words like “the,” “to” and “of” in English). Previous studies have analyzed more than
1,000 world languages for evidence of Zipf’s law and the rule holds up in all of them.可知，定律表明，一个词在
任何语言中使用的频率越高，它的长度就越短（比如英语中的“the”、“to”和“of”）。之前的研究分析了超过 1000
种世界语言，以寻找齐普夫定律的证据，而这一定律在所有语言中都成立。由此可知，作者提及英语中的
“the”，“to”和“of”的目的是要表达 George Zipf 的想法是合理的。故选 A。
10.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a
word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, while shorter words are more likely to have longer
syllables. The word “onomatopoeia,” for example, is made of six very short syllables, while “couch” is made of one
longer one.可知，Menzerath-Altmann 定律的内容是：一个单词或短语越长，组成它的每一个音节越短，而较
短的词更可能拥有较长的音节。 例如，“拟声词”一词由六个非常短的音节组成，而“沙发”由一个较长的音
节组成。结合选项可知，contradictory 和 shout 这两个词能够解释该定律。故选 B。
11.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their jackass language
act actually follows the same basic rules as ours.可知，你可以嘲笑它们，但一项新的研究表明，它们愚蠢的语
言行为实际上遵循着与我们相同的基本规则。由此可知，一项新的研究表明，非洲企鹅遵循与人类相似的
语言规则。故选 C。
D
Much of the information that is sent back from space is useless. Pictures taken by satellites orbiting the Earth
might take days to download, only to show lots of cloud hiding the area of interest. The subject matter may also be
surrounded by irrelevant information.
Processing data in space before sending back would reduce unnecessary information, but this can be tricky.
Rays in the universe randomly flip the ones and zeroes that computers operate on, introducing unpredictable errors. 45
High levels of radiation can also damage electronic circuits (电子电路). KP Labs, based in Poland, is building a
satellite to overcome some of these problems. Their device, called Inuition-1, is controlled by a neural network, a
form of artificial intelligence modeled on the human brain.
Intuition-l will be equipped with a hyper spectral imager (超光谱成像仪), which takes 150 pictures of every
scene it looks at. Each picture is at a different frequency, so contains different information. The neural network
pieces these together using powerful graphics chips (芯片) hardened against radiation. The developers have also
built error correction into their software. But instead of sending back every bit of image data, the satellite will
summarize what the user requests as useful information. This might, for instance, be a heat map showing areas of
weeds in a field or the location of a forest fire. Reducing the data loud means that some of the information can be
sent live.
The satellite will be used to prove that a hardened neural network can survive in space. This could pave the
way for other space applications. For example, the Curiosity rover (探测器) on Mars was successfully upgraded in
2016 with a set of algorithms to detect “interesting” rocks for investigation, instead of picking them randomly. A
neural network could provide future rovers and deep-space probes with a better ability to make decisions.
The neural network and hyper spectral imager have already been built and tested by KP labs. They will go into
a satellite body being constructed by Clyde Space. After that there will be more intelligence in space.
12. Why does the author say processing data in the universe can be very tricky?
A. Rays and radiation disturbs data processing.
B. The pictures taken by satellites are not so clear.
C. The data to be processed are not accurate enough.
D. Processing data in the universe is time-consuming.
13. What do we learn about Intuition-l?
A. It can take pictures much faster.
B. It can survive much longer in space.
C. It can correct mistakes from users’ request.
D. It can improve the stability of data processing.
14. What does the underlined phrase “pave the way” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Set an example. B. Remove barriers.
C. Reduce the cost. D. Increase the efficiency.
15. What’s the text mainly about?46
A. The ways of dealing with data.
B. The importance of collecting data.
C. The upgrade of processing space images.
D. The potential influence of AI in the universe.
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章讲述了宇宙中的射线和辐射干扰了数据信息的处理，为此波兰的 KP 实
验室正在建造卫星以克服其中的一些问题。这个新装置称为 Inuition-1，它由神经网络控制，这是一种以人
脑为模型的人工智能形式，以提高数据处理的稳定性，以后的太空将变得更智能。
12.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Rays in the universe randomly flip the ones and zeroes that computers operate
on, introducing unpredictable errors. High levels of radiation can also damage electronic circuits.可知，宇宙射线会
导致计算机二进制信息的 1 和 0 发生随机翻转，导致不可预测的错误。强辐射也可能损坏电路。由此可知，
作者认为在宇宙中处理数据非常棘手的原因是射线和辐射会干扰数据处理。故选 A。
13.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Intuition-l will be equipped with a hyper spectral imager (超光谱成像仪),
which takes 150 pictures of every scene it looks at. Each picture is at a different frequency, so contains different
information. The neural network pieces these together using powerful graphics chips ( 芯 片 ) hardened against
radiation. The developers have also built error correction into their software. 可知，直觉一号将配备一个超光谱成
像仪，可以为它看到的每个场景拍摄 150 张照片。每张图片都有不同的频率，所以包含不同的信息。神经
网络使用强大的抗辐射图形芯片将这些信息整合在一起。开发人员还在他们的软件中内置了错误纠正功能。
由此可知，Intuition-l 可以提高数据处理的稳定性。故选 D。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的 The satellite will be used to prove that a hardened neural network can survive
in space. This could pave the way for other space applications. For example, the Curiosity rover (探测器) on Mars
was successfully upgraded in 2016 with a set of algorithms to detect “interesting” rocks for investigation, instead of
picking them randomly. A neural network could provide future rovers and deep-space probes with a better ability to
make decisions.可知，这颗卫星将被用来证明一个经过强化的神经网络可以在太空中生存。这可能为其他空
间应用铺平道路。例如，2016 年，火星上的“好奇号”探测器成功升级，使用了一套算法来探测“有趣的”岩
石，以供研究，而不是随机挑选。神经网络可以为未来的漫游者和深空探测器提供更好的决策能力。由此
可知，这个卫星的使用可以为其他太空应用铺平道路和奠定基础，即扫清了很多障碍。因此划线短语意为“清
除障碍”。故选 B。
15.C 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一和第二段可知，由于宇宙中的射线和辐射干扰了数据的处理。为此
波兰的 KP 实验室正在建造卫星以克服其中的一些问题。这个新装置称为 Inuition-1，它由神经网络控制，
这是一种以人脑为模型的人工智能形式，以提高数据处理的稳定性。因此 C 项（空间图像处理技术的升级）47
符合文意。故选 C。
（7）2020 届吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量监测
A
Top 4 Things To Do in Pigeon Forge and Gatlinburg TN
The Pigeon Foige and Gatlinburg areas of Tennessee are absolutely full of fun things to do and see. You are
sure to have an amazing time.
Dolly Parton's Stampede
One of the most famous attractions in the Pigeon Forge and Gatlinburg areas, the Dolly Parton's Stampede is a
must-have attraction. This show features many special effects, horsemanship and a fun evening. Watch as you take
in some of the best entertainment. Cheer on your favorite side. Then, top it all off with a delicious meal of roast
chicken and tons of delicious sides.
Ripley Aquarium （水族馆）of the Smokies .
For the animal lover in your family, you'll definitely want to check out the Ripley’s Aquarium of the Smokies.
This aquarium is one of the best attractions in Gatlinburg and features tons of beautiful animals for a fun and
educational experience.
Titanic Museum
Visit the Titanic in Pigeon Forge for a unique look into this tragic event. The Titanic Museum in the Great
Smoky Mountains is the largest permanent museum. Upon arrival, you'll be amazed by the giant reproduction of
the ship. Here, guests will be able to explore a variety of exhibits.
Dollywood Theme Park
Dollywood is a favorite among visitors of all ages because it provides tons of fun and different rides. There are
lots of events during the year. Dolly Splash Country Water Park is sure to be a refreshing time during the summer
months. Visit the park when it’s shining with Christmas lights and more. No matter when you visit, this park is sure
to provide unforgettable fun during your Pigeon Forge getaway.
1. Where are those who love animals likely to go?
A. Dolly Parton's Stampede. B. Ripley Aquarium of the Smokies.
C. Titanic Museum. D. Dollywood Theme Park.
2. Which place will make you feel refreshed during the hot months?
A. Dolly Parton's Stampede. B. Ripley Aquarium of the Smokies.
C. Titanic Museum. D. Dollywood Theme Park.48
3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?
A. Science. B. Travel.
C. Society. D. Education.
文章大意：这是一篇旅游广告。文章为旅游者提供在赛鸽堡和格林堡要去的四个地方。
1.B 细节理解题。根据 Ripley Aquarium （水族馆）of the Smokies 中 For the animal lover in your family, you'll
definitely want to check out the Ripleys Aquarium of the Smokies.“作 为 动 物 爱 好 者 ， 你 一 定 要 去 Ripley
Aquarium （水族馆）of the Smokies 看一看。”由此可知，动物爱好者很可能要去 Ripley Aquarium of the
Smokies.故选 B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据 Dollywood Theme Park 中 Dolly Splash Country Water Park is sure to be a refreshing time
during the summer months.“在夏季的几个月里，Dolly Splash Country Water Park 一定会是一段令人耳目一新
的时光。”可知，在炎热的月份里， Dollywood Theme Park 会让你感到神清气爽。故选 D。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第一段 The Pigeon Foige and Gatlinburg areas of Tennessee are absolutely full of fun things
to do and see. You are sure to have an amazing time.“田纳西州的鸽子场和加特林堡地区绝对是充满了有趣的
事情去做和看。你们一定会玩得很开心。”可知，这篇文章是为旅游者提供在赛鸽堡和格林堡要去的四个地
方。所以这篇文章最有可能来自杂志的“旅游”栏目。故选 B。
B
Our wedding was about to begin. My throat was tight and my cheeks got red, but I didn't care. I was ready to
marry David Sanchez. We’re a "nontraditional" couple: getting married not at a church but in a bookstore that
supports a charity to fight H.I.V. and homelessness.
“Kim! I could walk you down the aisle（走廊）if you like!” David's father offered gently.
"I'm OK. But I appreciate that,” I said with a smile. And I was reminded, again, of my dad's absence.
My father died of cancer six weeks ago. For the last two months, we tried to make him feel comfortable and
loved as he departed from this world. He always told us that he didn't like a funeral （葬礼）and insisted our
wedding go forward as planned. But how could we honor him since the wedding would be the first time the family
would gather after his death and some even didn't know he was sick?
During the ceremony, my dear friend Eva delivered a reading entitled "When Things Go Missing” by Kathryn
Schulz. She paused and got everyone on the same page: “When we are experiencing it, loss often feels like
confusion in the usual order of things. In fact, the entire plan of the universe consists of losing, and life amounts to
a reverse（逆向的）savings account in which we are eventually robbed of everything.
I felt the energy full of the room. Everyone was listening. By choosing to accept the pain, we knew what a 49
wedding does to join two families and mark the next chapter for a couple. Loss became a compass that pointed us
away from a fantasy and toward celebrating the difficult realities of life.
After rings were exchanged, fried chicken was served, our friends offered so many funny and touching toasts,
and finally David sang "Married” on my father’s guitar. I felt joy filling all the holes in my soul. Celebrating my
father’s life at our wedding made me grateful for all the time I had spent with him, because it all goes by so fast.
4. Why did David's father offer to walk the author down the aisle?
A. To relieve her tension.
B. To welcome her to his family.
C. To play the author's late father's role.
D. To contribute something to the charity.
5. What do we know about Kim at her wedding?
A. She got a compass as a wedding gift.
B. She enjoyed David's promise for their marriage.
C. She received more sympathy from families and friends.
D. She recalled the days spent with her father and understood life better.
6. Why did Kim feel energy full of the room?
A. Because she could keep from the pain.
B. Because she knew everyone was listening.
C. Because she got more courage for marriage and life.
D. Because she could read a piece of Kathryn Schulz's works.
7. What do we know about Kim and David’ s wedding ceremony?
A. It was held at a church.
B. It was a touching and happy one.
C. Kim and David turned it into a funeral.
D. There was no other activity except reading.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在 Kim 和 David 的婚礼仪式上所经历的事情。Kim 在婚礼上
她回忆起和已故父亲一起度过的日子，对生活有了更深刻的理解。他们的婚礼是一个感人而又快乐的故事。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Kim! I could walk you down the aisle （走廊）if you like!” David's father offered
gently. “Kim!如果你愿意，我可以陪你走下红毯!”大卫的父亲温和地说。和第三段"I'm OK. But I appreciate that”
I said with a smile. And I was reminded, again, of my dad's absence. “我很好。但我很感激。”我笑着说。我又一50
次想起了我父亲的缺席。由此可知，大卫的父亲奥菲尔要带着作者走向婚姻的殿堂是为了扮演作者已故父
亲的角色。故选 C。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 My father died of cancer six weeks ago. For the last two months, we tried to make
him feel comfortable and loved as he departed from this world. He always told us that he didn't like a funeral （葬
礼）and insisted our wedding go forward as planned.“我父亲六周前死于癌症。在过去的两个月里，当他离开这
个世界时，我们试着让他感到舒适和被爱。他总是告诉我们他不喜欢葬礼，并坚持我们的婚礼按原计划进
行。”由此可知，Kim 在婚礼上她回忆起和父亲一起度过的日子，对生活有了更深刻的理解。故选 D。
6.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 I felt the energy full of the room. Everyone was listening. By choosing to
accept the pain, we knew what a wedding does to join two families and mark the next chapter for a couple. Loss
became a compass that pointed us away from a fantasy and toward celebrating the difficult realities of life.“我感到
房间里充满了活力。每个人都在听。通过选择接受痛苦，我们知道婚礼能让两个家庭走到一起，为一对新
人开启新的篇章。失去成为一个指南针，指引我们远离幻想，走向庆祝生活的艰难现实。”由此可知，Kim
觉得房间里充满了活力是因为她对婚姻和生活有了更多的勇气。故选 C。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段 After rings were exchanged, fried chicken was served, our friends offered so
many funny and touching toasts, and finally David sang "Married” on my father’s guitar. I felt joy filling all the
holes in my soul. Celebrating my father’s life at our wedding made me grateful for all the time I had spent with him,
because it all goes by so fast.“戒指交换后，炸鸡端上来了，朋友们献上了那么多温暖感人的祝酒辞，最后大
卫用我父亲的吉他唱起了《嫁人》。我感到喜悦填满了我灵魂的所有空洞。在我们的婚礼上庆祝我父亲的一
生让我很感激和他在一起的所有时间，因为一切都过得太快了。”由此可知，Kim 和 David 的婚礼是一个感
人而又快乐的故事。故选 B。
C
There were far fewer cars on the streets and crowds were not seen in the shopping malls in Central China's
Wuhan on Jan 24 — the Eve of the Chinese New Year. The scene was quite different from the occasion in the
previous years because of the novel coronavirus, which had resulted in 41 deaths in China by the end of New Year's
Eve, mostly in Wuhan, according to the National Health Commission.
Chen Li, a doctor in a Wuhan hospital, spent the Chinese Lunar New year's Eve at home to quarantine herself
for having had contact with infected patients, but luckily she has no signs of symptoms for the time being. Chen's
husband is at the forefront of the fight against the epidemic （流行病）. "We haven’t seen each other for over a
week,” said Chen. On Saturday morning, she put on protective clothing again and returned to work.
Wuhan is following Beijing’s SARS treatment model in 2003 to build a makeshift hospital with 1,000 beds for 51
receiving infected patients. It will be completed and put into use prior to Feb 3, less than 10 days away. “It’s going
to be another all-nighter. We need to speed up the work,” said Lyu Jun, a young truck driver at the construction site.
This is his first Spring Festival away from home.
For ordinary people, this year's Lunar New Year's Eve lacks some gatherings. Yin Yeqiong, from Hunan
Province, refunded （退掉）her tickets back home after much debate. “I had it in my mind to still go home, but
finally decided to stay in Wuhan,” she said. “Our stay will help reduce panic in other places."
Doctors, nurses and experts from across the nation have been selected to join the battle, and manufacturers
have restarted their plants to produce medical consumables that have been running short in many places.
“This is going to be an unforgettable Spring Festival,” said Chen Ying, a writer. ''Because I feel that at this
moment, there are so many families that I do not know, in every corner of this city, praying for our home."
8. What does the underlined word "quarantine" mean in paragraph 2?
A. Support. B. Supply.
C. Serve. D. Separate.
9. Why did Yin Yeqiong decide to stay in Wuhan?
A. She couldn't afford the ticket home.
B. She was eager to work as a volunteer.
C. She didn't want to cause unnecessary trouble.
D. She was not allowed to go back to her home.
10. What does the text intend to tell us?
A. The Chinese are fighting against the epidemic together.
B. The epidemic is not so serious that we can enjoy our normal life.
C. Coronavirus, a highly infectious disease, is spreading around China.
D. Not until the makeshift hospital is completed will the doctors find the cure.
11. What can we learn from the text?
A. The Spring Festival in China this year is the same as before.
B. Chen Li and her husband are fighting against coronavirus in Wuhan.
C. Lyu Jun and his coworkers will help complete the hospital in Bering.
D. There is no need to worry because we have plenty of medical consumables.
文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道。1 月 24 日，也就是中国农历新年的前夕，中国中部城市武汉爆发了疫
情。文章通过报道抗击疫情的实例，展示出中国人民正在共同抗击新冠状病毒。52
8.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句中 for having had contact with infected patients, but luckily she has no signs
of symptoms for the time being.“因为她曾接触过受感染的病人，但幸运的是，目前她还没有任何症状的迹
象。”由此可知，回到家后把她“隔离”。所以划线词的意思是“分离，隔离”。故选 D。
9.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中 Yin Yeqiong, from Hunan Province, refunded （退掉）her tickets back home
after much debate. “I had it in my mind to still go home, but finally decided to stay in Wuhan,” she said. “Our stay
will help reduce panic in other places."来自湖南省的尹叶琼(音译)经过一番讨论后，决定退票回家。她说:“我
本想还是回家，但最后还是决定留在武汉。”“我们的停留将有助于减少其他地方的恐慌。”由此推知，她之
所以留在武汉是因为她她不想引起不必要的麻烦。故选 C。
10.A 目的意图题。根据倒数第二段 Doctors, nurses and experts from across the nation have been selected to join
the battle, and manufacturers have restarted their plants to produce medical consumables that have been running
short in many places.“来自全国各地的医生、护士和专家已被选中加入这场战斗，制造商已重启工厂，生产
在许多地方短缺的医疗耗材。”和最后一段中 Because I feel that at this moment, there are so many families that
I do not know in every corner of this city, praying for our home."“因为我感到，此时此刻，在这个城市的每一个
角落，都有许多我不认识的家庭在为我们的家祈祷。”由此可知，中国人正在共同抗击这种流行病。故选 A。
11.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Chen Li, a doctor in a Wuhan hospital, spent the Chinese Lunar New year's Eve
at home to quarantine herself for having had contact with infected patients, but luckily she has no signs of
symptoms for the time being. Chen's husband is at the forefront of the fight against the epidemic （流行病）. 武
汉一家医院的医生陈丽(音)在农历新年的前一天晚上呆在家里隔离自己，因为她与感染者有过接触，但幸运
的是，目前她还没有“症状”的迹象。陈的丈夫站在抗击新冠状病毒的最前线。由此可知，陈莉和她的丈夫都
在武汉与冠状病毒作斗争。故选 B。
D
An argument is an exchange of views between people who do not agree. Some arguments turn into angry
quarrels. Suppose, a friend borrowed your car and left it full of fast-food rubbish. What if you dealt with the
situation this way:
YOU: Why did you leave all that trash in my car? It's an absolute mess, and I'm tired of you always being so
inconsiderate.
FRIEND: Look who's talking. You're such a slob（邋遢鬼）, I didn't think you'd notice. How did a minor
incident turn into such an unpleasant exchange? You were angry and feeling as though your kindness was being
abused. So instead of talking with your friend, you yelled at him. "Why did you" was a challenge. That's why your
friend immediately went on the defensive and yelled back.53
Now the argument is over. In fact, you don't feel satisfied that you've told him off! During the heat of the
moment, he said something that hurt your feelings. And perhaps you didn't really mean what you said.
How can you avoid such situations? Learn to argue in a better way. Try something like this:
YOU: I don't like it when you leave trash in my car. It makes me feel like you don't respect me.
FRIEND: You're right. It was very inconsiderate. I won't do it again.
Before speaking, take a deep breath and get control of your anger. The words you use will let your friend
know specifically what is bothering you and most importantly, treat him with respect. So he will respond in the
same way.
Also notice that begin the argument with the pronoun "I". An argument beginning with “You did..." is
generally a challenge. What usually follows is criticism or an insult. And it goes downhill fast from there.
Using “I” in arguments won't eliminate all disagreements. But it can certainly cut down on the yelling.
12. How may you feel after an unpleasant argument with your friend?
A. Angry and hurt. B. Still wanting to argue.
C. Satisfied with the yell. D. Challenged by the argument.
13. Which can probably replace the underlined phrase “ During the heat of the moment”?
A. When the weather is hot outside.
B. When the talk becomes exciting.
C. When the argument gets emotional.
D. When your friend is warmer than ever.
14. Which sentence might be used in an “I” argument?
A. You are making me feel bad.
B. What's the matter with you?
C. What on earth are you telling me?
D. It makes me feel bad when hearing that.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Winning arguments with other people.
B. Making sure that people do what you want
C. Using the “I” method to communicate better.
D. Avoiding having disagreement with ftiends.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在争吵中词汇的运用。文章主要通过两个争吵的例子对比，说54
明在争吵中以“我”为主体要比其他交流方式更好。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中 How did a minor incident turn into such an unpleasant exchange? You were
angry and feeling as though your kindness was being abused.“一件小事怎么会变成这样不愉快的争吵呢?你很生
气，觉得你的善良被侮辱。”由此可知，和朋友发生了不愉快的争吵之后会感到生气和受到伤害。故选 A。
13.C 词义猜测题。根据第四段中 he said something that hurt your feelings. And perhaps you didn't really mean
what you said.“他说了些伤害你感情的话。也许你说的并不是真的。”由此可知，辩论已经上升到“白热化”。
所以划线部分的意思是“当辩论到达情绪化时”。故选 C。
14.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Also notice that begin the argument with the pronoun "I". An argument
beginning with “You did..." is generally a challenge. 还要注意，以代词“I”开头。以“You did…”开头的争吵通常
是一种挑战。由此可知，在一次争吵中“听到那个让我感觉很糟糕”可能会被使用。故选 D。
15.C 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段中 Before speaking, take a deep breath and get control of your anger. “说话之
前，深呼吸，控制住你的愤怒。”和倒数第二段中 Also notice that begin the argument with the pronoun "I". An
argument beginning with “You did..." is generally a challenge. 还要注意，以代词“I”开头。以“You did…”开头的
争论通常是一种挑战。以及 Using "I" in arguments won't eliminate all disagreements. But it can certainly cut
down on the yelling.“在争论中使用“I”并不会消除所有的分歧。但它肯定能减少叫喊。”由此可知，在争吵中
使用“我”方法能更好地沟通。故选 C。
（8）2020 届山西省临汾市高考考前适应性训练考试
A
Support tech education for street youth in Lebanon
About CodeBrave
We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and
robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only
well-paid but future-proof too. We run our programme in a
shelter for homeless children.
We have now been successfully carrying out the
programme since June 2018. In this time, our children have
gone from barely knowing how to use a computer, to writing
the code for basic websites totally from scratch. We want to
carry on developing the programme in 2020 by continuing
Help us give former street youth in
Lebanon an alternative to exploitative work
through tech education.
Flexible funding — this project will
receive all donations made by 3rd April 2020
at 11:55pm
£25 or more55
appropriate tech education of 20 children, and to engage a
further 40 children.
Former street youth are often forced into exploitative
work.
Young people living in shelter often end up back on the
street as soon as they leave state care. They become trapped in
a cycle of poverty, as they don't have marketable skills to
secure well-paid work. Often the only work opportunities
available to them are hard manual labour.
Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity?
Tech education provides young people with marketable
skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and
shortage of supply in the Middle East. It also gives them
access to an international online job market.
Where Your Money Will Go
Funds I student's coding & robotics
education for a month.
£50 or more
Funds a new Arduino robotics starter kit
for our students.
£100 or more
Funds 1 student through an
internship(实习期)(for bus and lunch money).
£300 or more Funds 1 student's coding
& robotics education for 1 year.
1. What can we learn about CodeBrave?
A. It's a shelter for the young. B. It's a free project in digital skills.
C. It's a program for the homeless. D. It's a profitable training organization.
2. What made CodeBrave choose tech education?
A. The importance of marketable skills. B. The desire to get rid of poverty.
C. The request from the state care. D. The demand of the employment market.
3. Where are most of the donations spent?
A. Equipment. B. Teacher Training.
C. Operational Costs. D. Teaching Costs.
文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一项倡议：支持黎巴嫩街头青年的技术教育，并提倡大
家对此项目进行资金捐赠支持。56
1.B 推理判断题。根据文章“About CodeBrave”部分内容“We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and
robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only well-paid but future-proof too. We run our programme in a
shelter for homeless children.( 我们在数字技术、编码和机器人技术方面培训曾经的街头青年，帮助他们获得
不仅薪酬丰厚，而且经得起未来考验的工作。我们在一个收容无家可归儿童的地方执行我们的计划。)”且后
文提及了“donations”。由此判断出应这是一个免费的数字技能项目。故选 B 项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据文章“Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity?”部分内容“Tech education provides
young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in the
Middle East. It also gives them access to an international online job market.( 科技教育为年轻人提供适销对路的
技能，而在中东，这一领域的需求日益增长，而供应却出现短缺。这也让他们有机会进入国际在线就业市
场。)”可知，选择科技教育是应就业市场需求。故选 D 项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章“Where Your Money Will Go”下 的 所 占 比 例 中 的“ Teaching costs:79.1％可
知，大部分的捐款都花在在对学生的教育经费上。故选 D 项。
B
Going to college was not optional. In my family, it was just another step toward the American dream. As
soon as I graduated, I enrolled (入学)in the English Department of Colorado State University. I went on to earn two
scholarships, and membership in the National Honor Society. I truly believed the hard work was worth it.
It wasn't until a few months ago that I realized how clueless I was. I had been combing through the classifieds
when my eyes fell upon my dream job: “National College Magazine looking for writers ”.
Thrilled, I spent the weekend composing a resume . Needless to say, I was stunned when the interviewer
barely took one glance before throwing it aside.
"No experience," he said flatly.
I felt like screaming, "What do you mean, no experience? Look at these grades."
I was left to absorb the shock of rejection, thinking that nobody ever told me that a 4. 0 student would be
turned down for a job.
Didn't all of my hard work count for anything?
I see plenty of demands for two years of experience at a print publication, but none requiring extensive
knowledge of how to write academic papers. Yet 95% of my energy in school went toward the latter, leaving me
little time to devote to anything else. If career preparation is supposed to be the point of college, then why isn't it
the focus?
Has a college degree just become another societal status symbol like fancy cars or designer clothes?57
Given my experience, I feel that a college degree would be a lot more valuable if students were required to get
some outside experience to supplement their in — class knowledge. Instead of requiring four science classes, why
not three science classes and an internship? In my college career, I took one class that taught me how to write and
submit essays for publication. This ever — so — brief taste of the real world was like holding an ice cream sundae
in front of a child and only giving her a small bite.
4. Why did the author study so hard at college?
A. To maintain a family tradition. B. To land an ideal job.
C. To fulfill parents' expectations. D. To win scholarships for the tution
5. What accounted for the author's failure in job hunting?
A. His dull resume. B. His misjudgment in high scores.
C. His lack of experience. D. His poor performance in the interview.
6. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?
A. Academic writing is a small part of college life.
B. College education always covers unimportant things.
C. Competition in college is not as fierce as that in the real world.
D. The author feels held back by his lack of real — world experience.
7. What does the author want to tell us by writing this article?
A. Get a college degree and you will go far.
B. College students should make the best of their time.
C. Career preparation is a necessity for college education.
D. Landing a successful career is better than a college degree.
文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要内容讲述了作者的求职经历，虽然学校成绩优异但由
于缺少社会实践经验而被拒之门外，而引发了自己对于学业成绩，社会经验和未来工作之间关系的感慨。
4.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“I had been combing through the classifieds when my eyes fell upon my
dream job.当我看到我梦想中的工作时，我一直在整理分类广告”以及后文应征工作时提及：I felt like
screaming, “What do you mean, no experience? Look at these grades.我想尖叫，“你什么意思，没有经验？看看
这些成绩”和“Didn't all of my hard work count for anything?我所有的努力难道不算什么吗”由此判断出，作者
大学时努力学习是为了找到理想的工作。故选 B 项。
5.C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容："No experience," he said flatly.( “没有经验，”他干脆地说。)可知，
没有工作经验是作者应征工作失败的原因。故选 C 项。58
6.D 推理判断题。根据划线句在本段末尾，应是对本段的总结，结合本段内容“Given my experience, I feel that
a college degree would be a lot more valuable if students were required to get some outside experience to
supplement their in — class knowledge. Instead of requiring four science classes, why not three science classes and
an internship? In my college career, I took one class that taught me how to write and submit essays for
publication.(根据我的经验，我觉得如果要求学生获得一些课外经验来补充课堂知识，大学学位会更有价值。
与其要求四门科学课，为什么不要求三门科学课和一次实习呢?在我的大学生涯中，我参加了一门课，这门
课教会了我如何写作和提交论文发表。。)”可知，作者在讲述自己求职经验所得教训。由此判断出，末尾句“这
种对现实世界的短暂体验就像在孩子面前拿着一个冰淇淋圣代，只给她一小口”可以看作为其对现实社会的
理解：缺乏现实社会的经验感到受打击。故选 D 项。
7.C 推理判断题。根据文章主要内容讲述了作者的求职经历，虽然学校成绩优异但由于缺少社会实践经验而
被拒之门外，并在末尾段落提出了个人感慨，因此可推知作者希望能够在大学期间就为未来职业做好规划。
故选 C 项。
C
They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide
rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated
the precise trajectories ( 轨 道 )that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's
history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.
Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson's 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward, almost no one knew her name.
Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, supremely capable yet largely unrecognized
women who, well before the modem feminist movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her
sex that kept her long unsung. For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double
segregation ( 隔 离 ) ： They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were
segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.
Mrs. Johnson broke barriers at NASA. In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women
who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden
Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.
In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most
high - profile of the computers” — “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her
colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.
She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a 59
statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the
universal human quest to explore space.”
As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley — from 1953 until her retirement in
1986 — was “a time when computers wore skirts.”
8. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To present the Apollo moon mission.
B. To stress Mrs. Johnson's contributions
C. To honour Neil Armstrong's moonwalk.
D. To mourn a great woman—Mrs. Johnson.
9. What does the underlined word "barriers” in Paragraph 4 refer to ?
A. Gender inequality and color line.
B. Mrs. Johnson's unrecognized talents.
C. The agency's male mathematicians and engineers.
D. The hardships before the modem feminist movement.
10. Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues described as "computers"?
A. Because they used computers to keep their work secret.
B. Because they were the agency's human calculators'
C. Because computer systems engaged them deeply.
D. Because they opened a door to outer space.
11. What can we learn from Mrs. Johnson's experience?
A. Try things that may not work.
B. The world awaits our discovery.
C. Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance '
D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国登月的幕后功臣：传奇女数学家的 101 岁的传奇人
生。
8.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them.
Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs.
Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon
in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.( 他们向凯瑟琳·约翰逊要月60
亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人,周一去世，享年 101 岁。凭借着不过一支铅笔，一把计算尺和最为杰出的数
学头脑，约翰逊计算出了 1969 年助力阿波罗 11 号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并让尼尔.阿姆斯特朗在历史性的
月球漫步后成功返回地球。)”由此判断出，第一段的主要目的为强调约翰逊夫人对于阿波罗 11 号登陆月球
的贡献。故选 B 项。
9.A 词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句应是本段首句，应起到承前启后的作用。结合后文“In old age,
Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.
Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars,
including best picture.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。2016 年的好莱坞电影《隐
藏人物》讲述了他们的故事，这部电影获得了包括最佳影片奖在内的三项奥斯卡提名。)”讲述了她后来的地
位和影响，可知，句中的“barriers”应是指前文提及的“For some years at midcentury, the black women were
subjected to a double segregation：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn
were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.” 在上世纪中叶的一些年里，黑人女性受
到双重隔离：她们被隔离于数量庞大的白人女性群体之外，而白人女性又被隔离于该机构的男性数学家和
工程师之外。所以划线的词意思为“性别不平等和肤色界线。”故选 A 项。
10.B 细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile
of the computers” — “computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues,
much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.( 那一年，《华盛顿邮报》称
她为“计算机界最引人注目的人物”——“计算机”一词最初用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事，就像 19 世纪用
来代表职业打字员的“打字机”一样。) ”且前文提及“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black
women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女
数学家。)”可知，称她们为计算机，是因为她们是数学家，拥有数学头脑，计算出了人类迈向月球的距离。
故选 B 项。
11.D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容：She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's
administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened
doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”(美国宇航局局长吉姆布里登
斯汀(Jim Bridenstine)在周一的一份声明中说，她“帮助我们的国家扩大了太空领域的前沿”，“她迈出了巨大
的一步，也为女性和不同肤色的人种探索太空打开了大门。”)由此判断出，可以从她身上学到不要受到别人
的束缚，走出自己的道路。选项 D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.(永远不要被别人贴上的标
签所限制。)符合推测，故选 D 项。
D61
Although it has been indicated in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are
still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University
in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made ultrasonic( 超声的)sounds at frequencies humans can't hear
when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimeters from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100
kilohertz. Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. " These findings can alter the way we think
about the plant kingdom , " they wrote in their study, which has not yet been published.
On average, drought - stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When
plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15.
Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour. It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to
know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine — learning model to separate the plants，sounds from
those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress
was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound's intensity and frequency. Water — hungry tobacco appeared to
make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and
tobacco plants, they believe other plants may make sounds when stressed.
Enabling farmers to listen for water — stressed plants could " open a new direction in the field of precision(精
准) agriculture", the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate
change exposes more areas to drought.
Khait's study also suggests that insects and some mammals can hear and respond to from as far as 5 metres
away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water - stressed. Edward Farmer at the
University of Lausanne, Switzerland thinks the idea that moths might be listening to plants is “a little too
speculative”. After all, there are already plenty of explanations for why insects avoid some plants and not others.
12. What were tomato and tobacco plants' reactions to different stresses?
A. They reacted to different types of stress with the same sound.
B. Cut tomato plants produced more sounds per hour than water — hungry ones .
C. Cut tobacco plants seemed to make lower sounds than drought - stressed ones.
D. Tobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water.
13. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A. The potential applications of the research.
B. Challenges facing farmers in the future.62
C. Farmers' contributions to the research.
D. The future development of agriculture.
14. What does the underlined word "speculative" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Practical. B. Surprising.
C. Unsupported. D. Complicated.
15. What may be the best tide for the text?
A. Silent scream B. Mysteries of nature
C. Inner voices D. A yet - to-be - published study
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述植物在不同压力下能发出不同频率的声音，而这是人类无
法用耳朵听到的。同时提及了该研究发现有可能对农业带来潜在的应用。
12.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句内容“Water-hungry tobacco appeared to make louder sounds than
cut tobacco, for example.”可知，缺水的烟草似乎比切断烟草发出的声音更响亮。C 项“Cut tobacco plants seemed
to make lower sounds than drought - stressed ones.( 切断烟草发出的声音似乎比缺水的烟草的声音要低。)”与
原文表述含义一致。故选 C 项。
13.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段内容“Enabling farmers to listen for water — stressed plants could “open a new
direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be
increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.( 研究人员表示，让农民能够听到缺水作
物的声音，可能会“在精准农业领域开辟一个新方向”。他们补充说，随着气候变化使更多地区面临干旱，这
种能力将变得越来越重要。) ”可知，本段在讲述这种研究发现对于农业的作用。选项 A. The potential
applications of the research.( 研究的潜在应用。)概括了本段内容。故选 A 项。
14.C 词义猜测题。根据后文“After all, there are already plenty of explanations for why insects avoid some plants
and not others.( 毕竟，对于昆虫为什么避开某些植物而不避开其他植物，已经有很多解释了。)”可知，在从
另一个已经证实的方面解释蚊子选择缺水植物的原因，可推知，前文提及的“Edward Farmer at the University
of Lausanne, Switzerland thinks the idea that moths might be listening to plants is “a little too speculative”.”应是讲
述了 Edward Farmer 对提及观点“moths might be listening to plants(飞蛾可能在听植物的声音)”的反对，认为其
不合理。因此，speculative 应理解为“不成立”或“不合理”,与选项 C. Unsupported.( 不受支持的。)表达含义
一致。故选 C 项。
15.A 主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，第一段 but 句提出本文中心话题“But now, for the first time, Itzhak
Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made ultrasonic
sounds at frequencies humans can't hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.( 但是现在，以63
色列特拉维夫大学的 Itzhak Khait 和他的同事们第一次发现，番茄和烟草植物发出的超声波频率是人类在缺
水或茎被切断时无法听到的。)”可知，文章主要讲述植物在不同压力下能发出不同频率的声音，而这是人类
无法用耳朵听到的。选项 A. Silent scream(无声的尖叫) 合理概括了本文中心话题，可作最佳选项。故选 A
项。
（9）2020 届陕西甘肃高三年级 3 月联合考试
A
First Aid Level 1
The course is suitable for anyone who wants to learn CPR, short for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (心肺复苏
法). It also covers management of bleeding and shock. This course includes assessment and leads to a New Zealand
Qualifications Authority (NZQA) unit standard. The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor will teach
this course.
Price: $ 100
Duration: 1 day
First Aid Level 2
It includes all of the course content from First Aid Level 1, plus an additional half day. Suitable for first aiders,
health and safety staff and anyone who needs first-aid knowledge for their professional qualification. A very
experienced doctor will teach this course.
Price: $ 150
Duration: 1.5 days
Resuscitation Level 3
This training course is for those who require Level 3 resuscitation skills, especially people who have a duty to
respond and are probably concerned with the start of resusciation.
Price: $ 160
Duration: 4 hours
Resuscitation Level 4
This is an important health professional resuscitation training course. It can be used as a Level 4 refresher
course. This course is the most suitable for nurses, nurse managers, District Health Board (DHB) resuscitation
officers.
Price: $ 200
Duration: 4 hours64
Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical learning experience that best
matches your needs.
1. How is First Aid Level 1 different from the other courses?
A. It’s the most expensive.
B. It’ll last the longest time.
C. It’ll be taught by a famous doctor.
D. It’s meant for health and safety officers.
2. How much should an applicant pay per hour for Resuscitation Level 3?
A. $ 40. B. $ 50.
C. $ 100. D. $ 160.
3. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To show doctors’ responsibilities.
B. To advertise the first aid courses.
C. To advise medical professionals to assess their living standards.
D. To inform medical staff of the medical levels of the four hospitals.
文章大意：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几门急救的相关课程。
1.C 细节理解题。根据 First Aid level 1 介绍中的最后一句 The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor
will teach this course.“最吸引人的是这门课将由一位著名的医生来教授。”可知，此课程的特殊之处在于它将
由一位著名的医生执教。故选 C。
2.A 细节理解题。根据 Resuscitation Level 3 中的介绍可知，此课程价格是 160 美元，持续时间是 4 小时，
故每小题需支付 40 美元。故选 A。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical
learning experience that best matches your needs.“看看这一系列的急救课程，这样你就可以选择最符合你需要
的医学学习经验。”可知，本文主要号召人们报名参加这些急救课程。故选 B。
B
Remember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that dared people to be free from
smart phones for a whole year will win $ 100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for
eight months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize.
Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of
people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the 65
end, the only person who got to try and survive for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana
Mugdan, a 29-year-old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has
been a free and eye-opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even
though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after
the challenge ends, because she really doesn’t want to go back to days when she abused it, wasted time, stayed up
all hours of the night on it, and was obsessed with social media.
But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have
imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost got stranded (滞留) in the SeaTac
airport because the phone number I’d written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no
way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who could help me,” the young writer said.
Another time, her car’s “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night.
She couldn’t use her phone’s GPS location feature, r even check what the light meant on Google or find a nearby
car repair shop. Still, she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of
phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months.
4. What’s the challenge “free of rolling screen for a year”?
A. People free from smart phones can live a richer life.
B. People living a telephone-free life can be awarded every year.
C. People living without computers for a year will win grand prize.
D. People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.
5. Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2?
A. satisfied with B. accustomed to
C. addicted to D. popular with
6. What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3?
A. It’s fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.
B. It’s unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.
C. It’s unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.
D. It’s difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.
7. What can we learn about Elana Mudgan?
A. She couldn’t live without a smart phone.
B. She finds no one can help her in the adventure.66
C. She has not won the grand $ 100,000 prize yet.
D. She used to use her smart phone to write fiction.
文章大意：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫 Elana Mugdan 的纽约人参加特殊挑战的故事。她
如果在一年之内不用智能手机就可以获得 10 万美元的大奖。她现在已经挺过了八个月，再坚持四个月就可
以把大奖收入囊中。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Remember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that
dared people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $ 100,000?“还记得 Vitainwater 的“一年不滚
动屏幕”挑战吗?这个挑战挑战的是那些一整年不用智能手机的人。”可知，这个挑战是指人们如果在一年之
内不用智能手机就可以获得 10 万美元的大奖。故选 D。
5.C 词义猜测题。上文提到 Elana Mugdan 在参加比赛之前常常滥用手机，浪费时间，整夜不睡，故推知 Elana
Mugdan 曾对社会媒体着迷。obsessed with 意为“沉迷于”。故选 C。
6.D 推理判断题。在第三段中，Elana Mugdan 因为写错了电话号码，又没有智能手机跟外界取得联系，所
以滞留在 SeaTac 机场。由此可知，她主要是想表达没有手机让她很难摆脱困难。故选 D。
7.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句 Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight
months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize.“嗯,一个纽约女人,Elana Mugdan 已经进入了 8 个
月,只有四个月的时间来获得大奖。”和最后一段最后一句 And now she claims the last eight months of
phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months.“现在
她声称,过去 8 个月的无手机生活一直是她一生中最具活力的冒险之一,她将继续维持 4 个月。”可知，Elana
Mugdan 已经坚持了八个月不用手机，再坚持四个月就可以把大奖收入囊中，所以到目前为止她还没得到这
个大奖。故选 C。
C
Pycnandra acuminate (喜树) is a rare tree native to New Caledonia that has the rare ability to collect heavy
metals like nickel (镍) from the ground. The liquid circulated in its body is blue-green and reportedly contains up to
25% nickel.
In general, trees and heavy metals like nickel don’t really go well together. But Pycnandra acuminata make
them live together. And that’s what makes Pycnandra acuminata so special. It sucks out normally poisonous levels
of heavy metals from the soil and store them in its trunk, leaves and seeds.
The evolution of Pycnandra acuminate is believed to have occurred over millions of years, but scientists have
yet to identify a universal principle of nickel intake and storage. The reason why such trees have formed the way of
absorbing metals is also up for debate.67
The most popular theory states that the concentration of nickel protects such trees from leaf-chewing insects.
And studies have shown that nickel accumulated by these trees indeed harms many insects though some have
developed a high tolerance to it. Another theory says nickel has effects of resisting bacteria, which protects the trees
from various diseases. However, these theories are all just theories.
One thing that has been proven is the ability of Pycnandra acurninata to clean the soil with poisonous materials
caused by human activity. There’s also clear potential for collecting heavy materials like nickel in these kinds of
soils that will bring a few profits by conventional ways of mining. People can collect minerals contained in such
soils from the blue-green trees。
Unfortunately, Pycnandra acuminata is is recently in a bad situation. Human activity in forests of New
Caledonia has made Pycnandra acuminata in danger. Consequently, probably fewer than several hundred trees of
this kind have remained as a result of the reduction of our forests.
8. What do we know about Pycnandra acuminata?
A. It has a blue-green color due to metals collected.
B. It is able to collect some heavy metals from the ground.
C. It sucks out a great deal of poisonous underground water.
D. It tends to grow in the soil with plenty of poisonous liquid.
9. What do the theories in paragraph 4 say about Pycnandra acuminata?
A. It indeed protects many insects.
B. It stores most nickel in its roots.
C. It protects itself through the concentration of nickel.
D. It makes its surrounding plants suffer from diseases.
10. What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?
A. Pycnandra acuminata is in danger.
B. Forests are to blame for the reduction of trees.
C. Forests are decreasing as a result of human activity.
D. Pycnandra acuminata is under the protection of people.
11. In which section of a magazine is this next most likely to appear?
A. Bacteria and disease. B. Health and life.
C. Fashion and entertainment. D. Man and nature.
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的树木，中文名为“喜树”。68
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Pycnandra acuminate (喜树) is a rare tree native to New Caledonia that has
the rare ability to collect heavy metals like nickel (镍) from the ground.“尖刺五加是一种罕见的树木，原产于新
喀里多尼亚，具有罕见的能力，从地面收集重金属，如镍。”和第二段 In general, trees and heavy metals like
nickel don’t really go well together. But Pycnandra acuminata make them live together. And that’s what makes
Pycnandra acuminata so special. It sucks out normally poisonous levels of heavy metals from the soil and store
them in its trunk, leaves and seeds.“一般来说，树木和像镍这样的重金属不能很好地结合在一起。但是
Pycnandra acata 让它们住在一起。这就是 Pycnandra acata 如此特别的原因。它从土壤中吸收通常有毒的重金
属，并将它们储存在树干、树叶和种子中。”可知，“喜树”能吸收土壤里的重金属，比如镍。故选 B。
9.C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 The most popular theory states that the concentration of nickel protects such
trees from leaf-chewing insects.“最流行的理论认为，镍的浓度可以保护这些树不受啃叶昆虫的侵害。” 和第
三句 Another theory says nickel has effects of resisting bacteria, which protects the trees from various diseases.“另
一种理论认为，镍具有抗菌作用，可以保护树木免受各种疾病的侵袭。”可知，从理论上来说，“喜树”通过
收集来的镍杀死昆虫和细菌来保护自己。故选 C。
10.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句 Unfortunately, Pycnandra acuminata is is recently in a bad
situation. Human activity in forests of New Caledonia has made Pycnandra acuminata in danger.“不幸的是，最近
Pycnandra acata 的情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使九喜树处于危险之中。”可知，不幸
的是，最近“喜树”的生存情况很糟糕。人类在新喀里多尼亚森林的活动已经使“喜树”处于危险之中。故选
A。
11.D 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的“喜树”。这种树木因为受人类活动的影响处
于濒危状态，故这篇文章最有可能出现在一本杂志的“人与自然”专栏。故选 D。
D
Fancy your own satellite? Arizona State University is working towards making this a reality with its
SunCube FemtoSat project. Smaller than a standard CubeSat, the low-cast student-designed spacecraft is aimed at
providing greater access to space for scientists and hobbyists alike.
Assistant professor Jekan Thanga and a team of students have been developing the SunCube FemtoSat for the
past two years. The small 3×3×3cm cube weighs in at just 35g and a longer (3×3×9cm, 100g) model has also been
designed, which includes storage space.
Each SunCube FemtoSat has its own communication, data collection and propulsion (推进) systems and is
powered by solar panels. It is made of off-the-shelf parts that are available in shops, and the energy-efficient solar
panels are cut from scrap ( 碎 片 ), which makes it save energy, sold at a discount by manufacturers. “With a 69
spacecraft of this size, any university can do it,” says Thanga. “That’s part of our major goal—space discovery for
everybody.”
The team says that while launching your own satellite would usually cost between US $ 60,000-70,000 per
kilo, it would only cost $ 1,000 to send a SunCube FemtoSat to the International Space Station, and $ 3,000 to send
it into low earth orbit. Leaving the earth’s gravity would cost an estimated $ 27,000.
The FemtoSat would be packed with a “jack in the box” style system that matches standard CubeSat sizes
(around 10 cubic cm), simplifying the process of getting the tiny satellite into orbit. NASA has sent 30 CubeSats
into space over the last years, with another 50 awaiting launch.
Thanga and his staff view the FemtoSat as a starting point for scientists and students, and even hope the device
could be bought on the website like Amazon one day. Thanga imagines developing four main applications for the
device, including hands-on testing experiences for students, and artificial gravity experiments. In addition, groups
of SunCube FemtoSats could eventually be able to do the job of larger spacecraft at a vastly discounted cost.
12. What is the major goal of the SunCube FemtoSat project?
A. To act on teaching in outer space. B. To provide access to spacecraft design.
C. To help carry out a classroom experiment. D. To help average individuals explore space.
13. What is special about SunCube FemtoSats?
A. They are of the same size. B. They are energy-efficient.
C. They are mainly designed for lab use. D. They are mainly used to collect information.
14. What does Thanga expect of SunCube FemtoSats?
A. They’ll be available online. B. They’ll be provided for free.
C. They’ll match the size of CubeSats. D. They’ll be sent into space with CubeSats.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. FemtoSats Will Rule Space B. Your Own Satellite Is Coming
C. Going into Space Has Been Afforable D. You can Design Your Own Spacecraft
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种微型卫星的成功研制将使大众探索太空成为可能。
12.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句 Smaller than a standard CubeSat, the low-cast student-designed
spacecraft is aimed at providing greater access to space for scientists and hobbyists alike.“这艘由学生设计的低空
太空飞船比标准的立方体卫星要小，旨在为科学家和业余爱好者提供更多的太空探索机会。”和第三段最后
一句“That’s part of our major goal—space discovery for everybody.”“这是我们主要目标的一部分——为所有人
探索太空。”可以推断出，研制这种微型卫星的主要目的是帮助大众探索太空。故选 D。70
13.B 细节理解题。根据第三段一、二两句 Each SunCube FemtoSat has its own communication, data collection
and propulsion (推进) systems and is powered by solar panels. It is made of off-the-shelf parts that are available in
shops, and the energy-efficient solar panels are cut from scrap ( 碎 片 ), which makes it save energy, sold at a
discount by manufacturers.“每个太阳立方飞秒望远镜都有自己的通信、数据收集和推进系统，并由太阳能电
池板供电。它是由商店里现成的零件制成的，而高效节能的太阳能电池板是从废料中切割出来的，这使得
它能够节约能源，并在制造商那里打折出售。”可知，这种微型卫星用太阳能板供电，所用的材料都是节能
环保的。故选 B。
14.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句 Thanga and his staff view the FemtoSat as a starting point for scientists
and students, and even hope the device could be bought on the website like Amazon one day.“Thanga 和他的工作
人员将飞向地球视为科学家和学生的一个起点，甚至希望有一天能在亚马逊这样的网站上买到这种设备。”
可知，Thanga 希望人们能够在网上买到 FemtoSats。故选 A。
15.B 标题归纳提。根据第一段中的关键句“Fancy your own satellite”和第三段中的关键句“That’s part of our
major goal—space discovery for everybody”可以归纳出，B 项“你自己的卫星就要来了”作为标题最能够反映文
章主题且吸引读者。故选 B。
（10）2020 届四川省绵阳市高三 4 月线上学习评估
A
UNIQUE AND WEIRD NEW YEAR EVE TRADITIONS
Germany
In some parts of Germany, they do bleigiessen, or lead （铅）pouring. Pour a dollop（团）of molten lead in
cold water and whatever shape forms may be telling about the year to come. A heart shape, naturally, means love
will come your way. A crown predicts wealth and fortune. A star indicates happiness. But if you see a cross in the
lead? You're as good as dead!
Latin America
If you're in Latin America, make sure you have some colorful underpants to ring in the new year. End — of —
the — year partiers put on colorful underwear to ensure certain types of outcomes for the following year. Red for
love and yellow for success.
Naples, Italy
Neapolitans like throwing things out of windows, at least on New Year's Eve. Furniture, kitchen machines,
grandma. Well, maybe not the last one. Let's hope not, anyway. This tradition is meant to symbolize an out — with
— the — old gesture and getting a brand new beginning for the new year. These days people are a bit more mindful 71
about what they toss down to the street below.
Spain
In 1909, winegrowers in the Alicante region of Spain had a brilliant idea: start and promote an annual tradition
that would involve people having to buy and eat more grapes. One must cat 12 grapes on New Year's Eve to
encourage prosperity for the coining year. Now, it's u popular custom in Iberia. But the problem is that one has to
cat a grape for each bell strike at midnight.
1. What does a cross shape mean?
A. Love. B. Wealth.
C. Happiness. D. Misfortune.
2. What's new about Neapolitans' tradition?
A. They hate using furniture.
B. They throw their grandma out of windows.
C. They are more careful about what to throw.
D. They like making gestures in front of the window.
3. Which country has the tradition of eating grapes?
A. Germany. B. Brazil.
C. Italy. D. Spain.
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上几个国家独特而怪异的新年前夜传统。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A heart shape, naturally, means love will come your way. A crown predicts
wealth and fortune. A star indicates happiness. But if you see a cross in the lead? You're as good as dead!”可知，心
形自然意味着爱情会降临到你身上，皇冠预示财富，星星代表幸福，但是如果是十字形，你就死定了，由
此可知，十字形代表灾祸，故 D 项正确。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These days people are a bit more mindful about what they toss down to the
street below.”可知，如今，人们（那不勒斯人）对扔到街道上的东西更加留心了，故 C 项正确。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In 1909, winegrowers in the Alicante region of Spain had a brilliant idea: start
and promote an annual tradition that would involve people having to buy and eat more grapes.”可知，1909 年，西
班牙阿利坎特地区的葡萄种植者们想出了一个绝妙的主意:开始并推广一项每年一度的传统，要求人们购买
和食用更多的葡萄，故 D 项正确。
B
Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer in Canada's Banff National Park when a series of screams 72
shocked him awake. Throwing on his shoes and grabbing a lantern his wife had handed him, he ran out to
investigate. Despite the darkness, he could make out a neighboring tent. Backing out was a wolf, dragging
something in his teeth—a man.
Moments earlier, Elisa and Matt, were asleep with their two young children when the wolf tore into their tent.
"It was like something out of a horror movie," Elisa recalled. For three minutes, Matt threw his body in front of
Elisa and the boys and fought against the wolf. At one point, Matt got the upper hand, but the wolf turned the tables
and dragged Matt outside while Elisa was pulling on his legs trying to get him back.
It was then that Russ Fee entered the picture. He ran at the beast, kicking it in the hip. The wolf dropped Matt
and emerged from the tent. Fee felt like he had hit someone that was way out of his weight class.
Before the wolf could turn its anger on Fee, Matt, his arms bloodied, restarted the battle. The men threw at the
wolf with rocks, forcing it back. Then the families fled to the shelter of the Fees, minivan and called an ambulance.
"Attacks are so rare that a person here has a greater chance of being killed by a dog, lightning, a bee sting, or a
car collision with a deer than being injured by a wolf" said Matt.
Fee did think about drawing back, if less heroic, during the heat of battle. The moment the wolf locked eyes
with him, Fee said, "I immediately regretted kicking it."
4. What were the two families doing in the park?
A. They were making a horror movie. B. They were camping in the wild.
C. They were studying wolves. D. They were investigating the park.
5. How did Matt escape from the wolf?
A. By Fee's kicking the wolf from behind. B. By turning the table on the wolf.
C. By placing his hand tightly on the wolf. D. By his wife's pulling his legs.
6. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?
A. Many deer are killed by vehicles. B. Dogs are people's friends in need.
C. Wolves seldom attack people there. D. People are often attacked by wolves.
7. Which word can best describe Fee in the story?
A. Brave. B. Responsible.
C. Indifferent. D. Clever.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在加拿大班夫国家公园的野外露营的罗斯·费狼口救人的故事。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer in Canada's Banff National Park”
及“a neighboring tent”可知，事发时，这两个家庭都在加拿大班夫国家公园的野外露营，故 B 项正确。73
5.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He ran at the beast, kicking it in the hip. The wolf dropped Matt and emerged
from the tent.”可知，费朝那条狼跑去，猛踢它的屁股，狼丢下了马特，马特因而得救，故 A 项正确。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第五段“"Attacks are so rare that a person here has a greater chance of being killed by a
dog, lightning, a bee sting, or a car collision with a deer than being injured by a wolf" said Matt.”可知，马特说：“在
这里，狼袭击人的事件非常罕见，被狗、闪电、蜜蜂蜇伤或开车与鹿相撞的几率比被狼咬伤的几率大得
多”，由此可知，在那里，狼很少袭击人，故 C 项正确。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章的讲述，特别是根据第三段中的“He ran at the beast, kicking it in the hip.”可知，看
到狼袭击人后，费立即朝那条狼跑去，猛踢它的屁股救人，这表明费很勇敢，故 A 项正确。
C
If you're one of the millions of those who use escalators each year, you are probably deeply familiar with the
vertical grooves（竖凹槽）that cover each stair. Few of us have stopped to consider why they exist, though. In fact,
it's one of the everyday things we take for granted.
But it is a little complicating when you think about it. Sure, the deep, grey lines make an escalator's metal
stairs more appealing to the eye. But regular stairs don't have grooves like these; why do escalators need them? Is it
because of the movement?
It turns out those grooves serve a more functional purpose. And, yes, it does have to do with the movement, as
well as with general cleanliness! Anyone who has ridden an escalator knows that the steps everlastingly circulate
from the top to the bottom. You've surely noticed the ridged yellow lip at the top of the escalator. But here's what
you may not have noticed: As an escalator's steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps away any
trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together, which
makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip. This prevents foreign objects from getting
stuck in that gap, potentially causing the escalator to stop, or worse, break down completely.
That's not the only reason why the grooves were created, though. They are also a good place for water to pool
together, protecting you from a bad fall on the slick surface.74
So the next time you step on an escalator, take a moment to appreciate those metal grooves. They exist to
make sure you get to your office meeting on time.
8. What are the first two paragraphs trying to say?
A. Millions of people use escalators every year.
B. Few people think much about the grooves.
C. Escalators are complicated machines.
D. Grooves make the stairs look better.
9. The ridge is mainly designed to____
A. clean off dangerous objects.
B. keep the stairs in movement.
C. flatten the steps.
D. lock the steps.
10. What does the underlined word "slick” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Smooth. B. Sticky.
C. Steep. D. Slippery.
11. What's the passage mainly about?
A. The importance of escalators.
B. The reasons for grooves on stairs.
C. The look of grooves in escalators.
D. The safe ways of riding escalators.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动扶梯上设计竖凹槽的原因。
8.B 推理判断题。根据前两段内容，特别是根据第一段中的“Few of us have stopped to consider why they
exist, though. In fact, it's one of the everyday things we take for granted.”可知，然而，我们很少有人停下来思考
它们（自动扶梯上的竖凹槽）为什么会存在，事实上，它是我们日常生活中习以为常的东西之一，由此可
知，前两段是想说很少有人会去多想自动扶梯上的竖凹槽，故 B 项正确。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As an escalator's steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps
away any trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together,
which makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip.”可知，当自动扶梯的台阶变平时，
这个脊，也被称为“梳状板”，用来清扫掉在电梯上的垃圾，这些凹槽将台阶和梳板固定在一起，这使得任何
危险的东西更难以滑到电梯边缘下面，由此可知，脊是为了清除掉在电梯上的危险物品而设计的，故 A 项75
正确。
10.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“They are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a
bad fall on”可知，撒了水的表面是湿滑的，这些竖凹槽的作用就是把水存在里面，这样你就不会滑倒了，由
此可知画线词词义为“光滑的”，故 D 项正确。
11.B 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“why do escalators need them?”可知，电梯上为什么需
要它们（竖凹槽）呢？再根据倒数第二段中的“That's not the only reason why the grooves were created, though.”
可知，然而，这并不是设计竖凹槽的唯一原因，由此可知，本文主要介绍了自动扶梯上设计竖凹槽的原因，
故 B 项正确。
D
Over a million children have developed some form of intellectual （智力） disability over the past two
decades after being exposed to chemicals including flame retardants, pesticides, lead, and mercury, a study has
revealed.
The study focused on the four chemicals, which can be crossed from a mother to her unborn baby through the
placenta （ 胎 盘 ） and cause neurodevelopmental damage. The researchers looked at data from past studies,
including blood samples taken from women of childbearing age and 5-year-olds.
Over the period, flame retardants, resulted in 738,860 cases of intellectual disability and an estimated 162
million lost IQ （智商）points, followed by lead at 330,684 cases, pesticides at 111,830, and mercury at 8,860. In
recent years, pesticides and flame retardants have overtaken lead and mercury as the chemicals responsible for the
biggest loss of IQ among children.
The researchers believe this is due to regulations cutting down the use of these chemicals. For instance, lead
has been banned from gasoline, paint and drinking water systems in the U.S. and plants are not allowed to pump
out mercury.
The researchers acknowledged limitations to their study, including that the exposure-response relationships
might not relate to all populations. Positively, they found a huge drop in the estimated loss of IQ points among
children.
Lead researcher Abigail Gaylord, commented: "Our findings suggest that our efforts to reduce exposure to
heavy metals are paying off, but that harmful exposures in general continue to represent a terrible risk to people's
physical, mental, and economic health. "Unfortunately, the minimal policies in place to remove pesticides and
flame retardants are clearly not enough," she said.
She also added. Frequently opening windows to let persistent chemicals found in furniture electronics, and 76
carpeting escape, and eating certified organic produce can educe exposure to these harmful things"
12. Which contributes most to the loss of children's IQ?
A. Flame retardants. B. Pesticide.
C. Lead. D. Mercury.
13. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A school report. B. A science fiction.
C. A scientific research. D. A chemistry book.
14. What is the drawback of the research mentioned?
A. It has received bad response from all populations.
B. It has no previous information to refer to.
C. It covers only part of the population.
D. It is not supported by government policies.
15. What's the best title for this passage?
A. Four chemicals harming children.
B. Regulations cutting down the use of heavy metals.
C. Environment risking people's physical and mental health.
D. Children IQ lowered by exposure to harmful chemicals.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现接触有害化学物质会导致儿童的智商下降。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Over the period, flame retardants, resulted in 738,860 cases of intellectual
disability and an estimated 162 million lost IQ （智商）points, followed by lead at 330,684 cases, pesticides at
111,830, and mercury at 8,860.”可知，在此期间，阻燃剂导致 738860 例智力障碍，约 1.62 亿智商下降，其次
是铅 330684 例，农药 111830 例，汞 8860 例，由此可知，阻燃剂是导致儿童智商下降最多的化学物质，故
A 项正确。
13.C 推理判断题。通读全文特别是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍的是研究发现接触阻燃剂、杀虫剂、
铅和汞等化学物质会导致儿童智力下降，这属于科学范畴，因此文章最有可能出自于科学研究，故 C 项正
确。
14.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The researchers acknowledged limitations to their study, including that the
exposure-response relationships might not relate to all populations.”可知，研究人员承认他们的研究存在局限性，
包括这种暴露与反应的关系可能并不适用于所有人群，由此可知，这项研究的缺点是它只涵盖了部分人群，
故 C 项正确。77
15.D 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，一项研究显示，在过去 20 年里，超过 100 万
儿童在接触了阻燃剂、杀虫剂、铅和汞等化学物质后出现了某种形式的智力障碍，因此文章主要介绍的是
研究发现接触阻燃剂、杀虫剂、铅和汞等化学物质会导致儿童智力下降，即：接触有害化学物质会导致儿
童的智商下降，故 D 项正确。
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