2020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语试题卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上
的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共 5 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选
出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来
回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt ?
A.＄19.15. B.＄9.18 C.＄9.15
答案是 C.
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a drug store.
2. How does the woman feel?
A. Satisfied. B. Discouraged. C. Excited.
3. How much will the woman pay?
A. $12. B. $30. C. $42.
4. What did the woman fail to see?
A. A sign. B. A parking lot. C. A disabled person.
5. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson?
A. To make an apology. B. To ask for help. C. To discuss his studies.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Who is the man most likely to be?
A. A tourist. B. A tour guide. C. A French chef.
7. How will the speakers travel around the city?
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What does the man say about the closest gas station?
A. It costs more. B. It charges less. C. It offers good service.
9. How far is the cheapest gas station?
A. A few blocks away. B. About two miles away. C. About five-minute ride away.
10. What should the woman do at the first traffic lights?
A. Take a right turn. B. Walk straight. C. Turn left.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. Where does the woman’s mother live?
A. In Madrid. B. In Mexico City. C. In New York.
12. What do the speakers plan to do on November 2nd?
A. Travel to Madrid B. Visit some friends. C. Attend a holiday event.
13. When will the speakers leave New York?
A. On October 22nd. B. On October 28th. C. On November 2nd.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Give up soda. B. Stop eating the sweets. C. Exercise more.
15. What will the man do tomorrow?
A. Go to the gym. B. Go out for dinner. C. Go to the grocery store.
16. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Losing weight. B. Healthy meals. C. A new restaurant.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Why is the plane delayed?
A. The weather is bad.B. The plane needs to be fixed.
C. Some passengers haven’t arrived.
18. How long will the flight last?
A. About six hours.
B. About four hours.
C. About three hours.
19. What information can be found in the brochure?
A. Safety instructions.
B. Meals being served for lunch.
C. Details about the entertainment.
20. What will passengers do next?
A Get aboard. B. Watch a video. C. Get some sleep.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Book Review—The Snake-Stone by Berlie Doherty
The setting: Urban England (the cities), but also rural England (the countryside) including
remote English villages.
The theme: The main theme is a teenage search of self-discovery, in this case the search for a
mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age. Its other concerns are love, getting on with
others, being persistent and courageous and trying to deal with doubts, troubles and worries. As the
book moves to a close, James’ swimming coach says to him: “You are not like a kid obeying
instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.”
The characters: James is the hero of the story. He is a championship diver, and has a
comfortable life with his foster parents (养父母). Yet he also has the qualities to take him on a long
journey to find his birth mother. The other characters in The Snake-Stone, James’ parents, his diving
instructor, best friend, the villagers, people he meets on his journey, are pictured realistically.
The turning point: The turning point in the story comes while James’ foster parents are away in
London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he has is a fossil, “the snake stone” which she left behind along with a note on which she had written: “Take good care of
Sammie.” It was written on a torn envelope with parts of an address still there.
The journey: Instead of going to London, James decides to find his birth mother. With help from
his geography teacher, James sets out for the remote country village where his mother might be found.
James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels. The mother he finally meets,
Anne, has a minor yet powerful voice in the novel. He comes to understand why she left him at a
stranger’s door fifteen years before. Although the meeting is not long, it leaves him with a feeling of
completeness. As a journey of self-discovery, The Snake-Stone also provides its readers with a happy
ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, “I was home.”
1. What is the main theme of the novel?
A. Life with foster parents. B. Life in the world of diving.
C. A journey of self-discovery. D. A travel around the country.
2. What do the coach’s words in Paragraph 2 suggest?
A. James is a successful diver. B. James is an independent young man.
C. James is an outgoing young man. D. James is a hopeful swimmer.
3. The snake stone in the novel is .
A. a stone with an address on it B. a fossil left by the foster parents
C. a gift from the swimming coach D. a clue left by the birth mother
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
本文是应用文书评体。分别从背景，主题，角色以及其主要情节“发现之旅”方面介绍名著 The
Snake-stone。
【1 题详解】
段落大意题。从第二段第一句话 The main theme is a teenage search of self-discovery, in this case
the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age.“影片的主题是青少年寻
找自我发现的过程，在这个故事中，主人公在很小的时候就与母亲分离了。”以及最后一段最
后 一 句 As a journey of self-discovery, The Snake-Stone also provides its readers with a happy
ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, “I was home.” 作为一段自我发现的旅程，
《蛇石》也为读者提供了一个美好的结局。它的主人公说，回到养父母身边时，“我在家。”由
此可知，该书主题体现在 James 寻找生身母亲的征途也就是战胜自我获得人生真谛的发现之旅。故选 C。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。从第二段最后两行 As the book moves to a close, James’ swimming coach says to
him: “You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who
knows where he is going.”教练所说“你不能再像小孩一样，就知道循规蹈矩。你应该探索，像找
定方向的年轻潜水员。”言外之意要 James 做一个独立的有个性的年轻人。故选 B。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 The turning point 中 The turning point in the story comes while James’ foster
parents are away in London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he
has is a fossil, “the snake stone” which she left behind along with a note on which she had written:
“Take good care of Sammie.” 故事的转折点发生在詹姆斯的养父母不在伦敦的时候，他想知道
亲生母亲的身份。他唯一的线索是一块化石，“蛇石”，是她留下的，还有一张纸条，上面写
着:“好好照顾珊米。”由此可知，the snake stone 是 James 生身母亲离开留下的识别身份见证物
（The only clue he has is a fossil, “the snake stone” which she left behind…）。故选 D。
B
Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work, others that a wealthy person simply
wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started
sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the
local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales (童话）
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained €10,000 with
a cutting from the Braunschtveiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who
was robbed of her handbag； similar plain white anonymous (匿名）envelopes, each
containing €10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.
The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least €190,000 has been distributed. Last
month, one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office. It came after a story
it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming
accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white
envelope to find 20 notes of €500 inside , with a copy of the article. The name of
the family was underlined.
"I was driving when I heard the news,” Claudia Neumann, the boy’s mother, told DerSpiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road； I was speechless. ”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible .and
for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which
everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing," Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder
whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.
Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said： “Maybe it is an old
person who is about to die. We just do not know. ” However, he has told his reporters
not to look for the city’s hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
4.The Braunschweiger Zeitung is the name of .
A. a church B. a bank C. a newspaper D. a
magazine
5. Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom?
A. The donation amounted to €190,000.
B. The donation was sent directly to his house.
C. The money will be used for his education.
D. His mother felt astonished at the donation.
6.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. the donator is a rich old man
B. the donation will continue to come
C. the donation comes from the newspaper
D. the donator will soon be found out
7. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Money Is Raised by the Newspaper
B. Newspaper Distributes Money to
C. Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes
D. Robin Hood Returns to the City
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述一个匿名英雄用信封捐钱来默默传递爱心的故事，告诉我们爱心无处不在，要
学会用自己的爱来温暖身边那些需要帮助的人群，那么这个世界将会变成美好的人间。
【4 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的 accompanied by an article from the local paper 可推知
Braunschweiger Zeitung 是一份报纸的名字，另外在第三段第一句话有一个 one of them was sent
to the newspaper’s own office 有提示。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段谈到这位受害男孩母亲听到她的孩子被匿名捐赠的消息后说的一句
话“I was speechless”以及下文“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in
which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing.可知她很震惊，很无语。D 项表达正确。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话 However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s
hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.可知报纸的编辑告诉记者不要找这个城市的
英雄，因为担心发现后他就可能不再进行捐赠的活动，也可推知这个匿名捐赠活动还会继续
下去，B 项表达正确。
【7 题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述用信封匿名捐赠的事情在社会引起很大反响，这个捐赠者还会继
续把这个善举进行下去，用 C 项 Unknown Hero Spreads love in Envelopes“匿名英雄用信封传递
爱”最能概括文章大意。
【点睛】For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone
thinks of himself, was astonishing.在每个人都想着自己的这样的社会中,还有人表现得那么无私,
这是令人震惊的。which 引导的定语从句先行词为 a society。
C
Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing
extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife
documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.
Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on
YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available,
especially African communities, who live near the animal’s habitats.
Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before.
Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively
little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures
over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing
however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they
would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."
Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional
medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate
seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.
Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in
their natural habitat, the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for
action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.
Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful
documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera
for the very first time.
8. What is the purpose of the documentary?
A. To study the situation of pangolins.
B. To collect fund to protect pangolins.
C. To raise awareness of pangolin protection.
D. To propose setting up pangolin reserves.
9. What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in paragraph 2?
A. Picky. B. Messy.
C. Showy. D. Heavy.
10. What’s the documentary mainly about?
A. The illegal trade of pangolins.
B. The medical function of pangolin's scales.
C. The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.
D. The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.
11. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A brochure. B. A diary.C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。穿山甲是世界上被贩运最频繁的哺乳动物，并且正面临灭绝。一部新的
野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。
8 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to
call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.”可知，该纪录片的目的是呼
吁全世界的观看者采取行动，制止贩运从而保护这些独特的生物。因此，该纪录片的目的是
提高对穿山甲保护的认识。故选 C。
【9 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are
actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a
specific type ant.”可知，穿山甲实际上是挑剔的食者。你会认为他们会吃任何类型的蚂蚁，但
他们更喜欢特定类型的蚂蚁。即划线词“fussy”意为“挑剔”的。 A. Picky. 挑剔的；B.
Messy.凌乱的；C. Showy.显眼的；D. Heavy.沉重的。故选 A。
【10 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins,
and more on the animals in their natural habitat”可知，该纪录片的重点不是穿山甲的贩运，而是
更多地关注自然栖息地的穿山甲。因此这部纪录片的主要内容是穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。
故选 C。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world and are
facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly, anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary,
Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.”可知，穿山甲正
面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们
采取行动保护它们。由这个话题内容可知，文章最有可能来自一本动物保护方面的杂志。A. A
brochure. 一本小册子；B. A diary. 一本日记；C. A novel. 一本小说；D. A magazine. 一本杂志。
故选 D。
D
【You know the saying “You’re as young as you feel." Well, there may be some truth to that,
according to researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ellen Langer, a Harvard psychologist who studies how the mind influences the body, and
colleagues reviewed the scientific literature for evidence that a person’s perception of their age might
influence their health. They published their results in the journal Perspectives on Psychological
Science.
In one study that Langer led, 47 women had their hair done. The women who thought their new
hairdos made them look younger did look younger to objective observers, who were shown
before-and-after pictures. The women who thought they looked younger also showed a drop in blood
pressure. Another study involving 4,421 men found that those who became bald at a relatively young
age were more likely to get cancer and heart disease than men who did not. Similarly, another study
involving 2,017 men found that those who lost their hair early were more likely to develop heart
disease. “We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some
of these health outcomes,” the researchers wrote.
The researchers also described studies that found that women who had children later in life were
more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early, which they attributed to
the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women. Similarly, people who marry
younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners, according to other studies.
Taken together, the research “supports the general mind-body hypothesis (假说) that when a
younger mind is prepared, a younger body can accompany it.” While the mechanism(机制) remains
unclear, the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can “make one unconsciously
or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes that can have real
effects on short-term and long-term health."
12. What’s the author’s attitude towards the research results?
A. Negative. B. Indifferent.
C. Supportive. D. Objective.
13. Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 3?
A. Blood pressure is highly related to hairdos.
B. Getting cancer or heart disease is the cause of hair losing.
C. Feeling older than real age may be tied to health problems.D. The women who love hairdos look younger than those don’t.
14. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ________.
A. often staying with younger people can benefit people's health
B. the younger one of a couple lives much longer
C a younger mother is more likely to live longer
D. people who want to live longer need to marry
15. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. Getting bald too early is not good for health
B. People’s feeling of their age may have an effect on their own health
C. Feeling younger to a couple is very important to their health
D. Women had better give birth later in their life
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉人们对自己年龄的感觉可能对自己的健康有影响，经常和年轻
人呆在一起能有益于人们的健康。
【12 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句 They published their results in the journal Perspectives on
Psychological Science. 他们在《心理 SC 透视》杂志上发表了他们的研究成果。可知上句的意
思是：同事们审阅科学文献以获取证据：一个人对自己年龄的看法可能影响他们的健康。划
线词的意思是“观点，看法”。故选 D。
【13 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句 We believe that the feelings associated with being older than
one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,“我们认为，与实际年龄有关的情绪导致
了一些健康问题，”可知感觉比实际年龄老可能与健康问题有关。根据句意可知选 C。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段 The researchers also described studies that found that women who had
children later in life were more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early,
which they attributed to the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women.
Similarly, people who marry younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners, according to other studies.“研究人员还描述了一些研究，这些研究发现，晚育的女性比早育的女
性更健康，寿命更长。研究人员认为，这是因为晚育的女性与年轻女性相处的时间更长。同
样，根据其他研究，与年轻伴侣结婚的人往往比与年长伴侣结婚的人寿命更长。”可知经常和
年轻人呆在一起能有益于人们的健康。根据句意可知选 A。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 You know the saying "You're as young as you feel." Well, there
may be some truth；你知道这句话:“你感觉自己有多年轻，你就有多年轻。”嗯，也许有些道理；
根 据 最 后 一 段 the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can “make one
unconsciously or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes
that can have real effects on short-term and long-term health.” 研究人员认为，与衰老相关的建议可
以“让人在不知不觉中或有意识地意识到自己变老了，并启动一系列的生理过程，这些生理过
程可能对短期和长期的健康产生真正的影响。”可知本文告诉人们对自己年龄的感觉可能对自
己的健康有影响。根据句意可知选 B。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未
言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能
力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第 2 小题，根据第三段最后一句 We believe that the feelings
associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,“我们认为，
与实际年龄有关的情绪导致了一些健康问题，”可知感觉比实际年龄老可能与健康问题有关。
根据句意可知选 C。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Will you stop using plastic?
If you take a look around your kitchen or office right now, chances are that you’ll notice you’re
surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food
wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods and produce bags. ___16___
It’s certainly not realistic to remove all plastic from your life, but let’s examine some statistics
that may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprint by throwing away straws,
switching to reusable water bottles, bringing cloth bags to the grocery store and more.
According to a study published in the journal Science Advances, the popularity of plastic, which began rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control. ____17____ And there’s no sign of slowing
down, considering scientists say that another 12 trillion kilograms will be produced worldwide by
2050.
“Every piece of plastic that has ever been created will remain in the environment in some form,
but once we conveniently throw out our rubbish at home, wind and runoff carry our waste from
landfills and streets to the ocean,” says Mystic Aquarium’s chief clinical veterinarian Jennifer Flower,
DVM, MS. “Given that we are globally producing over 320 million tons of plastic annually, the
marine environment is taking a big hit from our daily disposal of plastic.
___18___ For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. If they die,
there will be fewer big fish—and that could damage the food chain. Often our society is so focused on
making our lives more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, our health and the health of
marine life are at the expense of those everyday conveniences.”
___19___ A recent report suggests that when heated, certain food additives (添加剂) can damage
hormones, growth and development, as well as increase chances for children of being fat. ____20____
It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm
food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.
A. Our plastic consumption is directly affecting the life in the ocean.
B. People are concerned about the results of overusing plastic containers.
C. 8.2 trillion kilograms of plastic have been produced around the world.
D. Using plastic containers in microwaves is also harmful to children’s health.
E. Let’s stop using plastic for the benefit of the environment and human beings.
F. These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is a hot topic nowadays.
G. The most concerning artificial additive BPA is a chemical used in the production of plastics.
【答案】16. F 17. C
18. A 19. D
20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。在我们的生活中，到处充斥着塑料制品，而且我们越来越多的使用塑料，
文章介绍了过多的使用塑料给环境和我们的生活带来了不利影响。
【16 题详解】根据上文 chances are that you’ll notice you’re surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee
cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods
and produce bags. 可知，所列举的这些都是塑料用品，在我们的生活中到处都是。由此可知，
选项 F“这些都是一次性塑料产品的例子，这是一个热门话题。”既承接上文，又引出本文的
话题。故选 F。
【17 题详解】
根据下文的 And there’s no sign of slowing down, considering scientists say that another 12 trillion
kilograms will be produced worldwide by 2050. （考虑到科学家说到 2050 年世界范围内还将生
产 12 万亿公斤，没有任何减缓的迹象。）尤其是数据 another 12 trillion kilograms 可知，选项
C“全世界已经生产了 8.2 万亿公斤的塑料。”与下文最符。故选 C。
【18 题详解】
根据下文的 For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. （例如，新
生的鱼会把塑料垃圾当成食物。）及本段主要讲述塑料对海洋生物的影响可知，选项 A“我们
的塑料消费直接影响着海洋生物。”是本段的中心句。故选 A。
【19 题详解】
本段主要内容是关于塑料容器和金属罐装的食物中的某些食品添加剂在加热后会损害激素、
生长发育，并增加儿童发胖的机会。尤其是本段的 It is found in plastic containers and metal
cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the
dishwasher.可知，本段的中心句应为“在微波炉中使用塑料容器也对儿童的健康有害。”。故
选 D。
【20 题详解】
根 据 下 文 的 It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using
microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.（它存在于塑料容器和金
属罐中。家长应避免使用微波炉加热食物和饮料，或将塑料制品放入洗碗机。）结合上文可知，
此处 it 指代的是添加剂，选项 G“最受关注的人工添加剂 BPA 是一种用于塑料生产的化学物
质。”中的 BPA 指的是一种添加剂。与下文正吻合。故选 G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Scott Poore is an animal lover. He moves into the shelter kennel(犬舍) with the ___21___ of
helping unwanted young dogs get adopted. Queen, a 3-year-old dog, has just gotten the most
___22___ roommate despite the narrow living room.
Since Poore is a ___23___ visitor at the shelter, he is familiar with all of the ___24___. However,
little Queen in particular has really ___25___ his heart. Poore says that he recently began to ___26___
that Queen seemed to be" losing ___27___"in finding a forever home. "I have been ___28___Queen
every single day for over a year and now I can ___29___ see her giving up," Poore wrote on his blog
last week. "She used to get so ___30___ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed and
___31___ at me. I sit in her room and all she does is look out of her window."
So as a ___32___ of raising awareness of Queen's situation, Poore ___33___ a suitcase and
moved into the dog's kennel. Poore says it has been ___34___ managing his work while also living at
the shelter, but he is ___35___ to stay in the kennel until someone adopts Queen. Since he ___36___
the kennel earlier this week, he and his new canine roommate have been ___37___ the headlines of
dozens of national news outlets, although no potential ___38___ have stepped forward.
___39___, this dog has finally been given a loving home after his ___40___ crossed with that of
a woman living on the other side of the country.
21. A. assistance B. exception C. aim D. name
22. A. devoted B. expected C. experienced D. talented
23. A. patient B. regular C. curious D. cautious
24. A. keepers B. investors C. colleagues D. animals
25. A. broken B. stolen C. understood D. lost
26. A. check B. notice C. suspect D. imagine
27. A. happiness B. freedom C. hope D. energy
28. A. visiting B. walking C. instructing D. training
29. A. naturally B. anxiously C. still D. obviously
30. A. excited B. concerned C. amazed D.
disappointed
31. A. stands up B. looks down C. jumps down D. stares up
32. A. reward B. means C. consequence D. symbol33. A. packed B. brought C. purchased D. delivered
34. A. meaningful B. vital C. tough D. unusual
35. A. satisfied B. inspired C. honoured D.
determined
36. A. cleared up B. cared for C. settled into D. met with
37. A. hitting B. discussing C. hearing D.
encouraging
38. A. customers B. donators C. employers D. adopters
39. A. Increasingly B. Pitifully C. Delightfully D.
Deliberately
40. A. view B. path C. mind D. story
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D
30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C
40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。Scott Poore 是一个动物爱好者。他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没
人要的小狗被收养。文章讲述了他为 Queen 最终找到一个充满爱的家庭的故事。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。
A. assistance 帮助；B. exception 例外；C. aim 目的；D. name 名字。上周，Poore 搬进了收容所
的狗舍，目的是帮助无人要的小狗找到收养人。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Queen 是一只 3 岁的狗，尽管客厅狭小，但它还是成为了最忠实
的室友。A. devoted 忠诚的；B. expected 预期的，预料的；C. experienced 有经验的；D. talented
有才能的。根据上下文可知，Poore 是 Queen 最忠诚的室友。devoted“忠诚的”。故选 A。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于 Poore 是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。
A. patient 耐心的；B. regular 定期的，有规律的；C. curious 好奇的；D. cautious 谨慎的。根据
第 8 空后的 every single day for over a year and now 可知，Poore 是这家动物收容所的常客，对
所有的动物都很熟悉。regular “经常的”，a regular visitor“一名常客”。故选 B。【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于 Poore 是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。 A.
keepers 看守人；B. investors 投资者；C. colleagues 同事；D. animals 动物。同上解析。故选
D。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而, Queen 真的偷了他的心。A. broken 折断，打碎；B. stolen
偷；C. understood 明白，理解；D. lost 丢失。然而，Queen 却特别让 Poore 上心。Steal sb’s
heart“博得某人的欢心”，在这里表示 Poore 喜欢 Queen。故选 B。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Poore 说，他最近开始注意到 Queen 在寻找一个永远的家方面似乎
“失去了希望”。A. check 核实；B. notice 注意到；C. suspect 怀疑；D. imagine 想象。根据第 7
空后的 in finding a forever home.可知，此处指他“注意到”Queen。故选 B。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore 说，他最近开始注意到 Queen 在寻找一个永远的家方面似乎
“失去了希望”。A. happiness 幸福；B. freedom 自由；C. hope 希望；D. energy 能量。Poore
说，他开始注意到 Queen 似乎“失去了找到一个永远的家的希望”。下文中的“see her giving up”
也是暗示。故选 C。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，Poore 在自己的博客中写道:“一年多来，我每天都去探望 Queen，
现在我可以明显地看到她放弃了。”A. visiting 访问；B. walking 散步；C. instructing 指导；
D. training 训练。根据第 8 空后的 Queen every single day for over a year 可知，去“探望”Queen。
故选 A。
【29 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：上周，Poore 在自己的博客中写道:“一年多来，我每天都去探望 Queen，
现在我可以明显地看到她放弃了。”A. naturally 自然地；B. anxiously 焦虑地；C. still 仍然；D.
obviously 显而易见地。一年多来，Poore 每天都去探望 Queen，他很明显地看到他放弃了。故
选 D。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一到她家，她就变得非常兴奋，现在她躺在床上盯着我看。
A. excited 兴奋的；B. concerned 有关的，关心的；C. amazed 惊讶的；D. disappointed 感到失望的。根据第 10 空后的 when I would arrive 可知，她看到我“感到兴奋”。故选 A。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我一到她家，她就变得非常兴奋，现在她躺在床上盯着我看。A. stands
up 站起；B. looks down 轻视；C. jumps down 跳下；D. stares up 朝上顶着。此处指她现在“盯
着我看”。故选 D。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了提高人们对 Queen 处境的认识，Poore 打包了一个手提
箱，搬进了狗窝。A. reward 报酬；B. means 手段，方法；C. consequence 结果；D. symbol 象征，
符号。此处指 a means of“一种方法”。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了提高人们对 Queen 处境的认识，Poore 打包了一个手提
箱，搬进了狗窝。A. packed 包装；B. brought 带来；C. purchased 购置；D. delivered 递送。为
了引起人们对 Queen 处境的关注，Poore 收拾好手提箱，搬进了这只小狗的狗舍。故选 A。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore 说，他住在动物收容所的同时，也很难管理好自己的工作，
但他决心留在狗舍里，直到有人收养了 Queen。A. meaningful 有意义的；B. vital 至关重要的；
C. tough 艰苦的，困难的；D. unusual 不寻常的。根据第 14 空后的 managing his work while also
living at the shelter, but 可知，Poore 住在动物收容所的同时很难做好自己的工作，但他决心留
在收容所，直到有人收养 Queen。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore 说，他住在动物收容所的同时，也很难管理好自己的工作，
但他决心留在狗舍里，直到有人收养了 Queen。A. satisfied 感到满意的；B. inspired 能力卓越
的；C. honoured 感到荣幸的；D. determined 坚决的。参见上题解析。determined“坚决的”。故
选 D。
【36 题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经
上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. cleared up 清除；B.
cared for 关心，喜爱；C. settled into 迁入，住进；D. met with 遭遇。自从本周早些时候 Poore
住进动物收容所以来，他和 Queen 已经成了许多家全国性媒体的新闻焦点。故选 C。
【37 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经
上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. hitting 击打；B.
discussing 讨论；C. hearing 听见；D. encouraging 鼓舞。参见上题解析。故选 A。
【38 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经
上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. customers 客户；B.
donators 捐赠者；C. employers 雇主；D. adopters 养父母。根据 although 引导让步状语从句和
语境可知，此处谈及没有潜在的收养者。故选 D。
【39 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗终于有了一个充满爱的家，因为它与住在
这个国家另一边的一位女士相遇了。A. Increasingly 渐增地；B. Pitifully 可怜地；C. Delightfully
欣然地；D. Deliberately 故意地。根据第 19 空后的 this dog has finally been given a loving home
可知，狗有了一个充满爱的家，所以“感到欣慰”。故选 C。
【40 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗终于有了一个充满爱的家，因为它与住在
这个国家另一边的一位女士相遇了。A. view 观察，视野；B. path 小路；C. mind 理智；D. story
故事。在 Queen 与一个住在这个国家另一端的女人相遇后，这只小狗终于有了一个充满爱的
家。此处的 path 比喻“人生的轨迹”，cross sb.’s path“邂诟”。故选 B。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone would have success if it ___41___ (be) free. But there are few successful individuals
and each of them had put in enough productive work ___42___ they received anything in return.
While working hard on what you believe in, you're understanding its true value. You begin to respect
the work itself, to build some ___43___ (exception) qualities along the way, and to learn important life
lessons during it.
There is a popular ___44___ (believe) that in the beginning of your journey, you aren't ready to
handle the success and all the responsibilities that come together with it. But earning it with sweat and
sacrifices ___45___ (prepare) you for that. So the hard work, together with the time it takes, is
___46___ must on your journey to success. It makes you who you have to turn into ___47___ (live)
the better life that's waiting for you. What's more, the harder you work on your dream, the more confident you become.
Hard work gives you a purpose — it helps you to be patient, to take action instead of waiting
___48___ (mere) for things to happen, to stop blaming yourself or others and take responsibility for
anything you have or don't have in your life.
Now that you know all this about hard work, never ___49___ (question) its power. Instead, create
your strategy, make a step-by-step plan and take the first step towards success no later than today.
Your hard work will ___50___ doubt pay off!
【答案】41. were
42. before 43. exceptional
44. belief 45. prepares
46. a 47. to live
48. merely 49. question
50. without/beyond
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是一个人如何“成功”。努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐
心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的
一切承担责任。你的努力一定会有回报的!
【41 题详解】
考查 if 引导的虚拟语气。句意：如果它是免费的，每个人都会成功。此处是 if 引导的虚拟语
气，与现在的事实相反，主句用 would+动词原形，则 if 非真实条件句中用一般过去时态，be
动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是 were，故填 were。
【42 题详解】
考查 before 引导的时间状语从句。句意：但是成功的人很少，他们每个人在得到任何回报之
前都已经投入了足够多的生产性工作。结合句意此处是 before 引导的时间状语从句，故填
before。
【43 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你开始尊重工作本身，在工作的过程中培养一些特别的品质，并从中学
到重要的人生经验。此处 qualities“品质”是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词 exception“例外”是名
词，其形容词是 exceptional“异常的，例外的”，故填 exceptional。【44 题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，在你人生旅程的开始，你还没有准备好迎接成功以及随之
而来的所有责任。此处 popular“受欢迎的”是形容词，修饰名词，所给词 believe 是动词，其名
词是 belief“信赖，信仰”，再根据前面的不定冠词 a，所以这里用单数名词，故填 belief。
【45 题详解】
考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：但用汗水和牺牲换来它是为你做好准备的。这里在说
一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且动名词作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称，
故填 prepares。
【46 题详解】
考查不定冠词 a。句意：因此，在通往成功的道路上，努力工作和时间是必须的。此处 must
是名词，是抽象名词具体化，a must 表示“必备的知识或技能”。故填 a。
【47 题详解】
考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了过上正在等你的更好生活，它会让你成为你必须变
成的人。此处是动词不定式做目的状语。故填 to live。
【48 题详解】
考场副词。句意：努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等
事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的一切承担责任。此处副词修饰动
词，故填 merely。
【49 题详解】
考查祈使句。句意：既然你知道这些关于努力工作的事，就不要怀疑它的力量。此处是 now that
引导的原因状语从句，主句是否定祈使句，never 已经给出，所给词 question 是动词，意思是“怀
疑”，所以这里用动词原形，故填 question。
【50 题详解】
考查介词。句意：你的努力一定会有回报的!固定搭配：without/beyonddoubt“毋庸置疑”。故填
without/beyond。
【点睛】If 引导的虚拟语气：
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If
I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there
earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
3.表示与将来事实相反
从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be 动词用 were）
主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如
果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10
处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
The mascot(吉祥物) for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games official made its public appearance on
Tuesday. It was a cartoon character inspired by giant pandas. The smiling panda is named with Bing
Dwen Dwen in Chinese. Color circles around its face symbolize skating tracks and 5G technology.
Bing, Chinese word for "ice", shows purity and strength, but Dwen Dwen, means sincerity, liveliness
and health — also characteristics of pandas. Perhaps pandas are the animals most easily recognizing
by us in China. The mascot combines our traditional culture and how pandas look like with winter
sports elements. The image shows our great expect of the Games and that our Chinese welcome the
world.
【答案】1. official→officially
2. was→is
3. 删除 named 后的 with
4. Color→Colorful
5. Chinese word 前加 the
6. but→while/and
7. recognizing→recongnized8. how→what
9. expect→expectation(s)
10. our→we
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍 2020 年冬奥会的吉祥物以及它所代表的寓意。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：本周二，2022 年冬奥会吉祥物正式亮相。此处 made 是动词，由
副词修饰，故把 official 改成 officially。
2.考查一般现在时态。句意：这是一个受大熊猫启发的卡通人物。文章在说一个客观事实，所
以句子用一般现在时态，故把 was 改成 is。
3.考查被动语态。句意：微笑的熊猫被命名为 Bing Dwen Dwen。此处 name“命名”是及物动词，
此处是一般现在时态的被动语态，所以 with 是多余的，故把 with 去掉。
4.考查形容词。句意：它的脸周围的彩色圆圈象征着冰道和 5G 技术。此处 circles“圆圈”是名
词，由形容词修饰，color 是名词“颜色”，其形容词是 colorful“富有色彩的”，故把 Color 改成
Colorful。
5.考查定冠词 the。句意：“冰”字代表纯洁和力量，而“Dwen Dwen”则代表真诚、活泼和健康
——这也是熊猫的特点。此处特指“冰”，所用要用定冠词 the。故在 Chinese word 前加 the。
6.考查并列连词。句意：“冰”字代表纯洁和力量，而“Dwen Dwen”则代表真诚、活泼和健康
——这也是熊猫的特点。此处表示一种对比或递进的并列关系。故把 but 改成 while/and。
7.考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：也许熊猫是我们在中国最容易识别的动物。此处 animals
和 recognize 之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故把 recognizing 改成
recongnized。
8.考查 what 引导的宾语从句。句意：吉祥物结合了我们的传统文化和熊猫的样子与冬季运动
元素。此处动词 combine 后面是宾语从句，从句谓语动词 look like 缺少宾语，意思是“看起来
像什么样子”，而 how 表示“怎样，如何”，故把 how 改成 what。
9.考查名词。句意：这幅图显示了我们对奥运会的巨大期待，我们中国人欢迎世界。此处 great
是形容词，修饰名词，故把 expect 改成 expectation(s)。
10.考查代词主格。句意：这幅图显示了我们对奥运会的巨大期待，我们中国人欢迎世界。此
处 that 引导的宾语从句中，Chinese 是句子主语的同位语，起强调作用，意思是“我们中国人”，
所以主语的代词应该用主格，故把 our 改成 we。第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52.假定你是李华，一名高三学生。你的美国网友 Mike 来信询问你及家人是如何应对新型冠状
病毒以及它带来的改变和你的感受。请给对方写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 措施和改变；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：the novel coronavirus n. 新型冠状病毒; mask n. 口罩
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I'm more than delighted to receive your letter and really appreciate your concern about my
family's health at this very moment. I'm writing to tell you about what we've done and how I feel.
Over the past three months, the novel coronavirus has spread around China. As a consequence,
we're required to stay indoors and avoid contact with others. Every time we have to go out, we must
wear protective masks. When coming back from outside, we should wash hands thoroughly and air the
room. In addition, as senior three students, we're instructed to take online courses conducted by our
teachers who also selflessly answer our questions after class, improving our study.
For us Chinese the ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus is both a crisis and a big test. Luckily, with arduous work and courageous devotion of the government and thousands of doctors and
nurses, the outbreak is under control and the number of infected people is steadily declining. With
joint efforts, we will surely defeat it.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假定你是李华，一名高三学生。你 美
国网友 Mike 来信询问你及家人是如何应对新型冠状病毒以及它带来的改变和你的感受。请给
对方写一封回信，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 措施和改变；3. 你的感受。
第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：more than delighted to receive your letter（非常
高兴收到你的来信）；at this very moment（此时此刻）；Over the past three months（在过去的三
个月里）；the ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒的持续爆发）；等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句
式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I'm writing to tell you about what
we've done and how I feel.句中使用 what 和 how 引导的宾语从句；Every time we have to go out,
we must wear protective masks.句中 Every time 引导时间状语从句；we're instructed to take online
courses conducted by our teachers who also selflessly answer our questions after class, improving our
study.现在分词作伴随状语。
的
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