秘笈 12 完形填空
考点归纳
完形填空是语言知识运用的第一节，共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分。在一篇约 250 词的短文中留出 20 个空
白，要求考生从每题所给的 4 个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺, 前后连贯, 结构完整。
全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2019
年全国卷 II 和全国卷Ⅲ的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷 I 采用了说明文。从选材到试题的设置都呈现
出＂稳中有变＂的特点：
1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后
能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意
义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。
2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为 250 词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置 20
个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，
很少涉及纯语法知识试题。nstead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如
2019 年全国卷 III 的第 57 题的四个选项中，有两个以-ly 结尾的副词，另外两个副词为 Instead 和
However；2016 年全国卷Ⅰ的第 52 题的四个选项中设置了三个形容词和一个副词，第 47 题和第 54 题的
四个选项均由两个动词及两个动词词组构成，第 59 题把两个动词及两个介词短语设置为一组选项。此外，
2019 年增加了对介词的考查，考生备考时需要注意。
近四年新课标卷完形填空考查情况统计表：
年份 试卷类型 体裁 词数 话题 考点分布
新课标卷 I 说明文 271 我看到的乞力马扎罗山的景象 动词 8 名词 7
形容词 4 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 297 一个人救了一条狗，把它还给了主人 动词 9 名词 4
形容词 4 副词 2
介词 1
2019 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 273 一套高科技的镜子给挪威一个小镇带
来了冬季的阳光。
动词 8 名词 5
形容词 5 副词 2
新课标卷 I 夹叙夹议文 271 讲述了我在大二学的免费课程下棋及
对我生活的指导意义
动词 9 名词 7
形容词 3 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 277 讲述了作者 13 年后和儿子见面的情景 动词 9 名词 3
形容词 5 副词 2
介词 1
2018 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 271 Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，
使陌生人倍受感动的故事
动词 10 名词 6
形容词 4
新课标卷 I 记叙文 251 学习美式手语的经历和感受 名词 5 动词 10
形容词 4 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 266 作者自己的学生 Feddy 的性格特征及多
年后的生活、工作状况
名词 8 动词 9
形容词 32017 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 271 一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希
望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球
航空旅行机票的故事，体现了年轻人无
私的精神
名词：7 个
动词：9 个
形容词：4 个
新课标卷 I 记叙文 253 讲述了司机 Larry 在路上遇到着火的汽
车，积极救人的故事。
动词 7 名词 4
形容词 3 副词 1
连词 2 介词短语 2
代词 1
新课标卷 II 夹叙夹议文 262 作者通过自身的经历总结出，电话中的
感受有时与现实生活中的感受不一致，
因为像微笑这样无声的信号无法通过
电话传播。
动词 6 名词 4
形容词 5 副词 3
介词短语 2
2016 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 276 作者通过刻苦训练，最终实现了成为足
球队明星球员的目标。
动词 8 名词 4
形容词 5 副词 1
连词 1 代词 1
样题展示
(2019·新课标全国卷Ⅰ）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41
with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,
changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural
experiences.
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of
rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48
but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places
by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)
in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low
growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with
thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 :
gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may
soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of
peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
(2019·新课标全国卷 II）
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip
home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He
had 43 to coax(哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two
drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 . Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually
succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔)
Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51
number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their
dog.
Jeff had 54 in Lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.
Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.
“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,”says Lisa of
Ehlers’ rescue 58 .
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had
been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
误区点拨
第一、完型就是语法词汇题
很多同学认为完型填空就是考单词、考语法。如果到目前为止还抱着这样的想法就大错特错了，完形
填空题在现在的高考中已经不再是单纯的语法词汇题了。高考完型考词汇也不是只是记住一两个意思就可
以搞定的。比如以前同学们做完型把四个选项带入原文翻译进行比对，而现在可能会发现带入后四个都可
以说的通。所以现在完型选的是最佳答案，而不是最正确答案。高考完型对于词汇的要求是广度和深度，
比如一些单词的多义考查，例如 subject，company 等等。
第二、完型背会 3500 单词就够了
很多同学会认为高考完型复习好大纲规定的 3500 的单词就够了。这里要清楚一点，高考英语试卷需要
同学处理的信息大概在 3500 词左右，所以其实有一部分单词是不考的。那对于高考单词的复习，可以以真
题为圆心，通过真题记单词。尽量做到对近十年的真题，没有一个单词是生词，没有一个句子是长难句，
知道所有选项对错的原因。
第三、完型先做模拟题，后做真题
很多同学在做题的选择上是有一定的误区的，会认为真题比较少，非常宝贵要留到最后冲刺的时候再
做。不能以模拟题作为备考的起点，这样会输在起跑线，高考做题的第一印象是非常重要的，如果用模拟
题的做题思路到真题中实践，这是给自己设置障碍。所以应该先去做真题，在真题研读 3~5 遍以后，对真
题的命题思路已经非常熟悉的情况下，再去做模拟题，可以放在 5 月以后。尽量对每个单词的准确用法进
行深度理解，而不是仅仅停留在知道单词的基本意思。对于真题中出现过的词组也需要进行整理总结。
锦囊妙计
一、记叙文是一种以记叙为主要表达方式的文体。它主要分为记人、叙事、写景几个方面，包括幽默
故事、名人传记、逸闻趣事等。如果文章交代了 when，where，who，what，how 这五个要素，那么文章就
是记叙文。为了测试考生对语篇的理解能力，命题人会特别注意选材的趣味性。记叙文的结尾往往出人意料，
耐人寻味。
做题时，考生可以从以下几点进行突破。
1.重视首句，把握全篇
叙事性文章往往在第一句就会把事情发生的时间、地点等交代清楚或者对所要叙述的事情的性质、特
征加以描述，这为我们理解文章提供了一个＂窗口＂。所以考生应充分重视首句的指导作用，利用它找到解
题突破口，应＂先完意，再完形＂，即把握了全篇大意之后，再逐空试填。
2.理清线索，找准方向
记叙文一般按事件发展的时间或空间顺序来叙述，有时用倒叙手法。因此，我们在做题时可以首先抓
住表示时间顺序的词，且要理清人物之间的关系，弄清楚人物各自所做的事情，准确理解文章。
3.利用语境，揣摩心态
考生要借助上下文语境来揣摩作者对文章中各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，考生应该通
过字里行间的内容体会主人公的心理活动，弄懂主人公对人物或事件的态度，身临其境，与主人公的思维保
持一致。
二、夹叙夹议完形填空所选的文章一般富于哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中悟出深刻的人
生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。
在结构上，作者首先叙述一件事情，然后就此事情引申出一个深刻的社会话题或就此事提出自己的观
点；或者先提出一种观点或看法，然后就这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，最后再进一步阐述或作出
结论。
夹叙夹议文在语言上又具有议论文的特点：语言客观、准确、逻辑性强，且具有概括性。那么，我们
在做夹叙夹议文类的完形填空题时，需要注意哪些方面呢？
1.重视文章首句
夹叙夹议文常常以文章的标题、首句或简短的第一段导入话题，因此，在解答夹叙夹议文类的完形填
空时，考生首先要读懂第一段，尤其是文章的第一句话，这样就可以迅速总结出全文的主旨大意。
2.理清文章结构
夹叙夹议文类的文章通常是先进行叙述，然后在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，提出故事所包含
的哲理或总结自己的观点。做题时，考生要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的
转换，及时调整思维方式。只有理清了文章的结构，才能更容易地理解文章，作出正确的选择。
3.抓住文章线索
理解夹叙夹议类文章要抓住线索，注意情节的变化，以求综观上下文，达到整体理解文意，从而避免
片面性和断章取义。找出叙述、议论部分相关的命题规律与特点，分清论点、论据的习惯表达方式，找准文
章的论点、论据和结论句式，使叙述与议论浑然一体。
三、说明文是用说明的方式介绍人或事物、解释事理的一种文体。说明文体裁的完形填空的最显著的
特点是：
1.开头点题
做说明文体裁的完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体的实物还是理论性概念。因此，明确
说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近几年的说明文体裁的完形填空题中，作者一般在文章的首句直接点
明要说明的对象。
2.结构清晰
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(先后顺序等)，空间顺序(从
局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外等)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次等)，认知顺序(由此及彼，
由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质等)。
在做说明文体裁的完形填空时，应当特别留意以下几点：
1.通过短文首尾句抓主旨
通读全文，看它是属于说明事物的说明文还是说明事理的说明文；是单纯说明类的说明文还是说明加
叙述类的说明文。而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔，由此可知，抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性
的尾句是很必要的。
2.关注段落间的内在联系
由于说明文一般是针对某一个对象从不同的角度和侧面加以说明的，每一段都有侧重点，对这些内容
要进行概括、总结，从而找出段落之间的联系，以便更深刻地理解文章的内容。
3.根据写作手法理解细节
说明文中有些细节就是写作手法的体现，而完形填空往往就是针对这些细节进行考查的。所以，考生
要学会逆向推理，从正确理解写作手法入手来把握细节。
完形填空的解题方法与步骤：
一、整体浏览抓住主题
在做完形填空题前，首先要整体浏览，对全文快速阅读一遍，了解文章的大意，掌握文章的主题，并
留心文中的关键词，了解这篇短文说什么，发生的时间、地点、文章的目的、作者的观点与态度等，这对
于做好完形填空题能起到事半功倍的效果。因此，了解文章的主题和大意就显得十分重要。但是完形填空
题所选短文一般都是没有标题的，那么要掌握文章的主题怎么办。要找到文章的主题，首先要找到文章的
主题句，因为主题句就能反映文章的主题。文章总是围绕一定的主题展开的，而每一个段落则是说明主题
的一个方面，概括了一个段落的中心思想的句子就是主题句。主题句常常出现在段首与段尾，在段首就是
一段文章开头的一两句，在段尾就是文章的最后一句；因此浏览短文时，首先要细读段首与段尾；比较起
来，主题句位于段首的比例更高一些，所以，首段的第一句或最后一句往往是主题句，它就是引领整篇文
章的主旨，是文章的灵魂，因此要抓住不放。作者要支持自己的观点，那么第二段就是作者围绕主题展开
的正文。
二、再读全篇试填答案
许多考生都有这样的经历，做完形填空题时，一看到题目就做，结果自己感到很有把握的答案错了，
问题就是对短文的内容和结构没有完整、清晰的了解和把握。因此读第二遍就显得很有必要，这样就可以
使考生对短文有更好的把握。在读第二遍时，对于一眼就能看出的答案，不必纠缠，马上就填入，对于那
些看看有点像，但没有把握的答案，可以开始试填，待看完第二遍时，再来看看试填的答案，如发现先前
填得不对，这时应该及时更正，这时你就会比较有把握，也比较有信心了。
三、瞻前顾后寻找关联
我们在‘再读全篇，试填答案’一节中所谈的已涉及到＂瞻前顾后寻找关联＂的某些含义，但侧重＂试填＂；
而我们将在这里侧重谈＂瞻前顾后寻找关联＂。完形填空题的特点基于整个语篇的理解，不从单句入手，
有时如果从某一个单句来理解，四个选项都可以填入，但从整个语篇来看，答案只有一个。在做题目的时
候，首先要对空格前后句子，然后对该空格相应的选项进行全面分析。根据文章的语义环境，做到＂瞻前
顾后，寻找关联＂，然后作出合理的判断。
四、完形完义立足全局
做完形填空有两个程序：一是完形（选择选项，然后填补空白）；二是完义（阅读短文，然后理解短
文）。但是完形必须在完义的基础上进行，也就是说首先要在阅读理解短文的基础上做好完形。完形必须服
从完义，单句必须服从段落，段落必须服从全文，局部必须服从全局。因此，我们在做完形填空题时，不
能读一句做一句，更不能看到就填，这样往往要出差错。先从整体到局部完义，再从局部到整体完形，完
形完义，立足全局。
五、复读全文验证答案
我们做完形填空题以后，首先要把＂完形＂后的全文再读一遍，看看是否＂完义＂，检查自己对全文
的理解是否准确，情节发展是否合理，全文前后上下是否符合逻辑，验证自己完形的答案是否能使全文贯
通流畅，如果读起来流畅而通顺，说明既完形又完义；反之，则说明我们对文章还没有完全理解，也就是
说虽然＂完形＂了，但还没有＂完义＂，必须重新推敲已填答案。
名校模拟
Cloze 1
There was a knock at the door of Great-Grandma Smith's home one Thanksgiving. Since she was the 1
for this family holiday, she got up, opened the door, and shouted with delight, "Look who's here!"
She 2 a young man into the house, hugged him, and said, “It's 3 to see you again! Everyone will be
so delighted!" Great-Grandma then hurried to 4 his coat and led him to the table. "Oh, just look who's here!”
she 5 with joy. The families 6 to each other. She moved things around and 7 him in a seat
between my uncle and herself. He was 8 by families on both sides and faced Great-Grandpa Smith across the
table.
"Coralie, get us another place setting!” Great-Grandma 9 "We're so sorry that we 10 without you.
No one knew you were coming,” she 11 . "But you're just going to love everything. We have turkey and many
other 12 . Oh, and Coralie made an apple and a pumpkin pie for dessert even! So, just help yourself. My dear,
it's a long time since I saw you!" She patted his arm again and 13 .
No one had 14 her joyful speech from the moment she left the table to answer the door. After looking
around the table at our 15 , the young man turned and looked 16 at Great-Grandma Smith's face, which
was filled with love and joy. He said in a(n) 17 voice, "I don't 18 any of you. I just stopped at your
house to get 19 !”
"But I really appreciate your warm-hearted dinner on this special day as I have lost my way here,” he added
with 20 in his eyes.
1. A. waitress B. guest C. chef D. hostess
2. A. pulled B. persuaded C. followed D. forced
3. A. unfortunate B. unnecessary C. wonderful D. hard
4. A. put away B. take off . C. get back D. slip on
5. A. replied B. announced C. concluded D. agreed
6. A. whispered B. laughed C. waved D. introduced
7. A. threw B. hid C. placed D. forced
8. A. searched B. surrounded C. touched D. observed
9. A. commanded B. begged C. promised D. complained
10. A. continued B. gathered C. finished D. started
11. A. informed B. apologized C. criticized D. reminded
12. A. relatives B. gifts C. strangers. D. dishes
13. A. answered B. condemned C. sighed D. warned
14. A. interrupted B. minded C. scolded D. applauded
15. A. dinner B. house C. family D. neighborhood
16. A. closely B. straight C. coldly D. eagerly
17. A. annoyed B. excited C. puzzled D. disappointed
18. A. offend B. invite C. visit D. know
19. A. blessings B. charges C. messages D. directions
20. A. water B. curiosity C. pride D. coldness
Cloze 2
On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed
a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to 1 the man.
Darcy felt 2 he was going to die in front of them. She took a closer 3 . Then she observed his chest
not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t 4 .
The girls knew they needed to 5 help. While Darcy stayed with the 6 man, Juliet ran to nearby
homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 7 . “I am really afraid he is going to die without help,” Darcy
said 8 .
Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the 9 . But they
didn’t 10 what the girl said at first. They asked, “Is what you said a joke?” And she answered, “No, call 911
right now.”
The repairmen got it and then 11 CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived and
used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his 12 . Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be
13 to hospital.
A doctor said, “To their 14 , the two girls take fast action which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can
save the 15 of a patient in a dangerous situation.”
“What the two girls did was quite 16 ,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a(n)
17 , and they didn’t give up until that task was 18 .” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so
they launched a(n) 19 to the public to find them.
Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life on the weekend. “We were brave,”
Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized 20 won’t help the man.”
1. A. recognize B. applaud C. aid D. seize
2. A. confused B. terrified C. pleased D. curious
3. A. walk B. try C. chat D. look
4. A. bleeding B. breathing C. starving D. choking
5. A. forbid B. appreciate C. quit D. seek
6. A. unconscious B. familiar C. absent-minded D. ragged
7. A. enquired B. remembered C. answered D. succeeded
8. A. anxiously B. occasionally C. eagerly D. merrily
9. A. consequence B. emergency C. concept D. mystery
10. A. believe B. hear C. doubt D. interrupt
11. A. searched for B. put off C. carried out D. broke down
12. A. hands B. stomach C. feet D. heart
13. A. rushed B. admitted C. persuaded D. guided
14. A. disappointment B. credit C. annoyance D. horror
15. A. reputation B. prospect C. life D. honor
16. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. contradictory D. abstract
17. A. acquaintance B. colleague C. stranger D. relative
18. A. received B. presented C. claimed D. accomplished
19. A. appeal B. comment C. attempt D. apology
20. A. prejudice B. regret C. offence D. panic
Cloze 3
Last July 4th, three police officers went into a supermarket to get something cold to drink.
Once inside, the cops were __1___ by a store security guard who asked for ___2___ with a suspected thief.
The woman in question didn’t have the look of an 3 criminal. She was obviously scared, and her cheeks were
wet with ___4___.
The cops looked 5 her bag. “We just saw containers of 6 . Nothing else,” Mike told CBS New
York.
“I’m hungry,” she explained 7 .
Being caught, the woman no doubt expected to be taken to jail for the 8 of being hungry while poor.
9 the cops had other ideas. “We’ll 10 for her food,” Sojo told the 11 security guard.
The three men had no discussion at all. It went __12___. Instead, each of them __13___ out 10 dollars to pay
the tab. She would not be arrested today.
The woman wept in __14___. Drying her eyes with a kerchief, she __15__, “Thank you, thank you.”
She wasn’t the only one touched by this act of 16. “It was a very beautiful, 17 moment,” says Paul,
who was at the store. He was so __18___ by what he’d seen that he posted a photo on Twitter for all to see.
But attention was __19___ what the officers wanted. They were driven by a far more common emotion. As
Sojo told CNN, “When you look at someone’s face and see that they need you and they’re actually hungry, it’s
pretty __20___ as a human being to walk away from something like this.”
1. A. questioned B. examined C. approached D. required
2. A. help B. information C. permission D. trouble
3. A. unskilled B. experienced C. intelligent D. active
4. A. paint B. water C. rain D. tears
5. A. outside B. inside C. around D. down
6. A. food B. fruit C. drinks D. sweets
7. A. anxiously B. shamelessly C. fearfully D. angrily
8. A. action B. mistake C. habit D. crime
9. A. And B. But C. So D. Still
10. A. pay B. look C. apologize D. account
11. A. annoyed B. excited C. surprised D. confused
12. A. unchanged B. uninformed C. unsaid D. uncalled
13. A. took B. brought C. worked D. pointed
14. A. delight B. sorrow C. regret D. gratitude
15. A. recalled B. repeated C. responded D. requested
16. A. thinking B. choosing C. sharing D. caring
17. A. brave B. genuine C. painful D. terrible
18. A. moved B. amazed C. bored D. influenced
19. A. sometimes B. finally C. never D. always
20. A. simple B. natural C. complex D. difficult
专家押题
Cloze 1
I was driving home with my son Giacomo, 15, on the A40 when I suddenly saw a small plane coining down. Out
of nowhere, it __1___ some 200 yards away from where we were __2__, overturning and bursting into flames.
We were going 70 miles an hour and I managed to 3 ；otherwise we would have crashed into it ourselves.
I jumped out, 4 Giacomo in the car. I remember shouting at him to stay there 5 we really didn't have time
to mess around.
Flames were coming out of the cockpit（驾驶舱）and I could hear screaming, so I climbed under the wing and
tried to 6_ the windows in but failed, and with the heat of the 7 coming over the top of the plane, I 8
I might have to give up or I'd be in great danger myself. I found the small windows at the back of the plane had
cracked, so my best bet was to kick those through. It 9 and, looking back, we were unbelievably 10 ;
otherwise, it would have been a completely different 11 .
I pulled a teenage girl and boy out. 12 another guy, Joel Snarr, arrived on the scene to 13 at just the
right time. I don't think I would have been able to get the 14 out—he was a big guy. __15__, Joel seized him by
the arms and got him out just in time. I could 16 straight away Joel had a military background by how he
conducted himself. We'd just got all three of them, Stuart Moore, who’d flown the plane, and his nephew and niece, to
a safe __17_ when the plane exploded.
The emergency services 18 pretty quickly, and then they did their duty. When I got back to my 19 ,
Giacomo and I stared at each other, almost laughing in __20__. It was a very strange moment—things like this only
happen in films.
1. A. exploded B. landed C. disappeared D. crashed
2. A. living B. driving C. standing D. flying
3. A. roll B. speed C. stop D. pass
4. A. leaving B. saving C. blaming D. greeting
5. A. if B. though C. until D. since
6. A. fix B. kick C. clean D. shut
7. A. fire B. steam C. water D. engine
8. A. expected B. imagined C. admitted D. sensed
9. A. lasted B. counted C. worked D. ended
10. A. afraid B. lucky C. cautious D. brave
11. A. story B. adventure C. challenge D. lesson
12. A. Yet B. Thus C. Then D. Indeed
13. A. help B. climb C. explain D. deliver
14. A. steward B. driver C. rescuer D. pilot
15. A. Instead B. However C. Strangely D. Secretly
16. A. argue B. tell C. describe D. agree
17. A. return B. room C. distance D. journey
18. A. went away B. set out C. shut down D. turned up
19. A. car B. house C. plane D. cinema
20. A. surprise B. sorrow C. relief D. confusion
Cloze 2
At a young age, Darrius Simmons fell in love with the piano. As he watched others play, he was 1 by the
joy the piano gave them. He wanted to experience that, too, but knew for him it would be a/an 2 .
“I decided at age 10 that I wanted to learn how to play the piano, 3 it was going to take a little bit 4
work for me to learn,” Simmons says. “I knew most people had 10 fingers while I had four, yet I was pretty 5
I could make it work.”
The Warren, Ohio teenager was born with a genetic 6 called ectrodactyly (先天性缺指畸形). He has
7 fingers on his right hand and one finger on his left. But it didn’t 8 Simmons from following his 9 .
With no formal training, Simmons taught himself by ear how to play the piano. He practiced and practiced, finding
a way to 10 the keys with four fingers while mastering the pedals with his prostheses(假肢).
Simmons knew he would have to 11 his own style of playing. “I couldn’t base it 12 the technique
of somebody who has 10 fingers. It just wouldn’t 13 .” He says. “That’s 14 it was hard for me to take
piano lessons. It’s very 15 for somebody who has learned how to play with 10 fingers to adjust and teach me
with only four.”
The now 18-year-old not only learned how to play and read music but also began composing.
His mother, Tamara Simmons, isn’t surprised by Darrius’ 16 . She knows how focused and 17 he
can be.
From mastering music to beating 18 challenges, Darrius Simmons sets out to 19 the world. “I like
to be somebody’s 20 ,” he says. “If I play in front of a whole crowd and I see one person smile, that’s a job
well done.”
1. A. frightened B. amazed C. interested D. disturbed
2. A. challenge B. opportunity C. fortune D. trouble
3. A. while B. but C. and D. therefore
4. A. more B. much C. fewer D. less
5. A. surprised B. worried C. sure D. glad
6. A. condition B. environment C. situation D. tendency
7. A. two B. three C. four D. five
8. A. encourage B. prevent C. remove D. change
9. A. actions B. roads C. instructions D. passions
10. A. reach B. repair C. remove D. clean
11. A. adopt B. abandon C. develop D. change
12. A. by B. in C. through D. on
13. A. support B. run C. operate D. work
14. A. why B. because C. when D. whether
15. A. easy B. tough C. funny D. stupid
16. A. ideas B. creations C. difficulties D. achievements
17. A. kind B. determined C. talented D. generous
18. A. spiritual B. mental C. physical D. emotional
19. A. please B. persuade C. inspire D. cheer
20. A. partner B. symbol C. aim D. motivation
Cloze 3
A number of years ago I lost all of the hearing in one of my ears overnight. At first, it seemed like it could be a
minor 1 . Two days later, I was supposed to perform at an event, and I sat __2___ my turn in the dark, 3
some medicine from my doctor with orange juice. The hearing didn’t 4 . Soon after, I was 5 I had a
brain tumor (肿瘤). The following 6 left me exhausted and I was spending more time alone; but that 7
me with a lot more time for art.
I had spent most of my time in college studying __8___ and wishing there was a __9__ to combine technology
with the work instead of just using computers as a tool. As a girl who had spent most of my time 10 , it had
simply never _1 1__ to me or anyone else that I could do technical work. In the 90s, that didn’t even __12__. But,
later, as part of the Design and Technology department at Parsons, I went through a crash __3___ in hardware and
software engineering and fell in love with it for the purpose of art.
So as my body was __14___ well, I began doing small __15__ at night: sketches(素描), models, studying
circuits(电路). I was 16 that if anything happened to my other 17 , I wouldn’t be able to communicate. As
I focused on the reality of daily 18 failure in my own life, I began to pay more attention to the physical
objects such as our phones, our Internet, our radios, etc. I began building objects to 19 possible future
disasters of communication in our society.
Over these years of hard work, the most 20 things I’ve learned are that we have to make our own
opportunities, we have to make time for the work, and we can’t give up.
1. A. success B. problem C. change D. dream
2. A. thinking about B. caring about C. asking for D. waiting for
3. A. washing down B. taking out C. searching for D. paying for
4. A. lose B. affect C. return D. hurt
5. A. agreed B. told C. armed D. covered
6. A. instruction B. discovery C. treatment D. promise
7. A. left B. interrupted C. rescued D. surprised
8. A. dance B. computer C. medicine D. art
9. A. way B. accident C. corner D. luck
10. A. reading B. writing C. teaching D. drawing
11. A. appealed B. passed C. occurred D. continued
12. A. permit B. exist C. end D. move
13. A. meeting B. understanding C. check D. course
14. A. recovering B. running C. playing D. falling
15. A. talks B. discussions C. experiments D. predictions
16. A. interested B. afraid C. satisfied D. curious
17. A. arm B. hand C. ear D. leg
18. A. power B. heart C. business D. communication
19. A. mark B. avoid C. accept D. forget
20. A. important B. necessary C. possible D. difficult
Cloze 4
I grew up in a small town in Ohio, where everyone knew a man called Tom. Uneducated, he couldn’t talk
plainly. And because he was 1 and not very smart, everyone laughed at him. I 2 he was an easy mark.
One day, he came walking by. I was about 12 and thought it would make me feel grown-up to 3 him like
the adults did.
He asked how I was doing. I told him my father was 4 , and that we lacked money.
I could hear my friends 5 in the background so I went on with the lie. I had him 6 so completely
that every time he inquired about the 7 , I would make it seem increasingly worrying.
I knew he made a 8 by doing odd jobs, so it seemed 9 when he asked me if we needed anything. I
told him that we didn’t know if we would 10 . He responded, “You poor thing. I will 11 for you.”
That night I heard the 12 rattle (作响) softly. Thinking it was the wind beating against it, I 13 it.
Later when I opened the door to go outside, I found a box of 14 . I knew who had given the food. I 15
the small box of canned food with tears in my eyes. I felt 16 , and wanted to return the groceries.
My father scolded me and 17 that I keep the box. Otherwise, it would hurt Tom. Each day when we
were to have dinner, my father would ask, “What side dish are we having from the 18 box today?
Although the food was not tasty, I knew Tom had given 19 . He gave the best he had, but I did not 20
the gift.
1. A. ill-treated B. bad-tempered C. good-natured D. warm-hearted
2. A. guessed B. predicted C. indicated D. hoped
3. A. condemn B. tease C. annoy D. abuse
4. A. delayed B. prohibited C. deserted D. unemployed
5. A. laughing B. whispering C. cheering D. clapping
6. A. absorbed B. amused C. struck D. fooled
7. A. atmosphere B. situation C. money D. reason
8. A. budget B. profit C. living D. fortune
9. A. funny B. impossible C. practical D. moving
10. A. panic B. remain C. starve D. compromise
11. A. manage B. operate C. purchase D. pray
12. A. window B. door C. fence D. box
13. A. explored B. fastened C. ignored D. investigated
14. A. groceries B. vegetables C. snacks D. fruits
15. A. held up B. looked into C. checked out D. took over
16. A. thrilled B. touched C. frustrated D. ashamed
17. A. insisted B. determined C. expected D. informed
18. A. money B. check C. ice D. gift
19. A. personally B. secretly C. sacrificially D. excitedly
20. A. appreciate B. deserve C. comprehend D. accept
秘笈 12 完形填空（解析版）
考点归纳
完形填空是语言知识运用的第一节，共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分。在一篇约 250 词的短文中留出 20 个空
白，要求考生从每题所给的 4 个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺, 前后连贯, 结构完整。
全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2019
年全国卷 II 和全国卷Ⅲ的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷 I 采用了说明文。从选材到试题的设置都呈现
出＂稳中有变＂的特点：
1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后
能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意
义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。
2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为 250 词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置 20
个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，
很少涉及纯语法知识试题。nstead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如
2019 年全国卷 III 的第 57 题的四个选项中，有两个以-ly 结尾的副词，另外两个副词为 Instead 和
However；2016 年全国卷Ⅰ的第 52 题的四个选项中设置了三个形容词和一个副词，第 47 题和第 54 题的
四个选项均由两个动词及两个动词词组构成，第 59 题把两个动词及两个介词短语设置为一组选项。此外，
2019 年增加了对介词的考查，考生备考时需要注意。
近四年新课标卷完形填空考查情况统计表：
年份 试卷类型 体裁 词数 话题 考点分布
新课标卷 I 说明文 271 我看到的乞力马扎罗山的景象 动词 8 名词 7
形容词 4 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 297 一个人救了一条狗，把它还给了主人 动词 9 名词 4
形容词 4 副词 2
介词 1
2019 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 273 一套高科技的镜子给挪威一个小镇带
来了冬季的阳光。
动词 8 名词 5
形容词 5 副词 2
新课标卷 I 夹叙夹议文 271 讲述了我在大二学的免费课程下棋及
对我生活的指导意义
动词 9 名词 7
形容词 3 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 277 讲述了作者 13 年后和儿子见面的情景 动词 9 名词 3
形容词 5 副词 2
介词 1
2018 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 271 Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，
使陌生人倍受感动的故事
动词 10 名词 6
形容词 4
新课标卷 I 记叙文 251 学习美式手语的经历和感受 名词 5 动词 10
形容词 4 副词 1
新课标卷 II 记叙文 266 作者自己的学生 Feddy 的性格特征及多
年后的生活、工作状况
名词 8 动词 9
形容词 32017 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 271 一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希
望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球
航空旅行机票的故事，体现了年轻人无
私的精神
名词：7 个
动词：9 个
形容词：4 个
新课标卷 I 记叙文 253 讲述了司机 Larry 在路上遇到着火的汽
车，积极救人的故事。
动词 7 名词 4
形容词 3 副词 1
连词 2 介词短语 2
代词 1
新课标卷 II 夹叙夹议文 262 作者通过自身的经历总结出，电话中的
感受有时与现实生活中的感受不一致，
因为像微笑这样无声的信号无法通过
电话传播。
动词 6 名词 4
形容词 5 副词 3
介词短语 2
2016 年
新课标卷 III 记叙文 276 作者通过刻苦训练，最终实现了成为足
球队明星球员的目标。
动词 8 名词 4
形容词 5 副词 1
连词 1 代词 1
样题展示
(2019·新课标全国卷Ⅰ）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41
with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,
changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural
experiences.
However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of
rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48
but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places
by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)
in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low
growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with
thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 :
gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may
soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of
peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有 4 万登山者攀登非洲的乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏
了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他
来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。
41.D 考查动词及语境理解。根据空后语境 lots of waste 可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。keep 保持；mix
混合；connect 联系；bring 带来。故选 D。
42.C 考查名词及语境理解。由前面语境 about 40,000 people 可知，这是一个庞大的群体。判断，人群可能
会破坏这个地方的美。stories 故事；buildings 建筑物；crowds 人群；reporters 记者。故选 C。
43.C 考查名词及语境理解。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。position 位置；
age 年龄；face 外貌；name 名字。故选 C。
44.B 考查形容词及语境理解。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，是想解开这个怀疑。silent 沉
默的；skeptical 怀疑的；serious 严肃的；crazy 疯狂的。故选 B。
45.A 考查动词及语境理解。由空后的 much has changed 可知，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地
周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。discover 发现；argue 争论；decide 决定；advocate
提倡。故选 A。
46.C 考查名词及语境理解。由下文 at camps 可知，本句属于原词再现。我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的
关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。equipment 装备；grass 草；camps 营
地；stone 石头。故选 C。
47.D 考查形容词及语境理解。由空后的 with toilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕
所。所以这是一座干净的山。remote 遥远的；quiet 安静的；tall 高的；clean 干净的。故选 D。
48.C 考查形容词及语境理解。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对
于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。new 新的；special 特殊的；significant 相当大的；necessary 必要的。故选
C。
49.A 考查动词短语及语境理解。由 but 可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努
力似乎正在得到回报。paying off 还清，报偿；spreading out 伸展；blowing up 爆炸；fading away 逐渐消退。
故选 A。
50.B 考查名词及语境理解。登山就是人生的一种经历，但是在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到
达顶峰。atmosphere 氛围；experience 经历；experiment 实验；sight 视力。故选 B。
51.D 考查动词及语境理解。由 spiritual space 可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视
为……”符合句意。studied 学习；observed 观察；explored 探索；regarded 认 。故选 D。
52.A 考查名词及语境理解。根据语境 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers 可
知，有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。view 景色；quality 质量；reason 原因；purpose 目的。故
选 A。
53.B 考查名词及语境理解。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。scientists
科学家；climbers 登山者；locals 当地人；officials 官员。故选 B。
54.D 考查动词短语及语境理解。这里指热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔 3000 米以上就
是大片的低矮植物。holding on to 抓住；going back to 回到（原来的话题）；living up to 履行；giving way to
向……让步。故 D 选项切题。
55.A 考查动词及语境理解。由 low clouds 可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。changes 改
变；clears 放晴；improves 提高；permits 允许。故选 A。
56.C 考查动词及语境理解。由 twelve shades of green 可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。match 匹配；imagine
想象；count 数；add 增加。故选 C。
57.B 考查名词及语境理解。由 grave, stones and rocks 可知，海拔 4000 米以上是高山寒漠。village 村庄；desert
为
沙漠，荒地；road 马路；lake 湖。故选 B。
58.D 考查副词及语境理解。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。obviously 明显地；easily
容易地；consequently 结果；finally 最后。故选 D。
59.A 考查形容词及语境理解。由 arctic -like zone 可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。
permanent.永久的；little 小的；fresh 新鲜的；artificial 人造的。故选 A。
60.B 考查动词及语境理解。根据最后的句子 I found the opposite to be true.可知，这里作者在疑问乞力马扎
罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。enjoy
享受；deserve 值得；save 挽救；acquire 获得。故选 B。
(2019·新课标全国卷 II）
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip
home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He
had 43 to coax(哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two
drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 . Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually
succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔)
Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51
number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their
dog.
Jeff had 54 in Lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.
Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.
“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,”says Lisa of
Ehlers’ rescue 58 .
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had
been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Ehlers 和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，历尽艰辛，最终帮
它找到了主人。
【答案详解】
41.C 考查动词及语境理解。根据下文 Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指 Ehlers 一直在考虑关于
那只狗的事。read 读；forgot 忘记；thought 考虑；heard 听说。故选 C。
42.B 考查动词及语境理解。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖。Fighting 打架；trembling
发抖；eating 吃；sleeping 睡觉。故选 B。
43.A 考查动词及语境理解。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth 尽力做某事。tried 努力；agreed
同意；promised 允诺；regretted 后悔。故选 A。
44.D 考查动词短语及语境理解。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了。calmed
down 镇静下来；stood up 站起来；rolled over 翻滚；run off 跑开。故选 D。
45.C 考查形容词及语境理解。根据下文 the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper 可知，这只狗
是别人丢失的。injured 受伤的；stolen 被盗的；lost 丢失的；rescued 获救的。故选 C。
46.C 考查副词及语境理解。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 给他的朋友 Greg 打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。
根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back。home 家；past 过去；back 向
后，回原处；on 继续。故选 C。
47.D 考查名词及语境理解。根据下文 Greg 在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细
寻找小狗。preparation 准备；explanation 解释；test 测试；search 寻找。故选 D。
48.A 考查副词及语境理解。根据文中提到的 frightened, nervousness, fear 等词并结合上文并根据下文 Ehlers
最终成功地安抚了它可知，小狗非常地谨慎小心。cautiously 谨慎地，小心地；casually 随意地；skillfully 有
技能地；angrily 生气地。故选 A。
49.B 考查名词及语境理解。根据下文小狗开始舔 Ehlers 的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心。surprise 惊讶；
joy 开心，高兴；hesitation 犹豫，迟疑；anxiety 焦虑，担心。故选 B。
50.B 考查动词及语境理解。根据本句的 in the local paper 及语境可知，当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来
像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。predicted 预言，预测； advertised 登广告；believed 相信；recorded
记录。故选 B。
51.B 考查名词及语境理解。根据下文 Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone
number 电话号码。house 房子；phone 电话；street 街道；car 汽车。故选 B。
52.A 考查动词及语境理解。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指 Ehlers 给 Jeff 和 Lisa（狗 主人）打了电话，
call 打电话；copied 抄写，复印；counted 数；remembered 记得。故选 A。
53.C 考查动词及语境理解。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers 给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗。fed 喂
养；adopted 领养；found 找到；cured 治愈。故选 C。
54.A 考查动词及语境理解。根据下文 the gun shots had scared the dog off.可知，狗听到枪声吓跑了。判断，
此处是指 Jeff 带着狗在打猎，hunt 打猎；skied 击向空中；lived 居住；worked 工作。故选 A。
55.D 考查介词及语境理解。根据上文 Ehlers 找到的 Jeff 的狗可知，Jeff 在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗。on
purpose 故意；on time 准时；in turn 依次，逐个；in vain 徒劳。故选 D。
56.A 考查动词及语境理解。根据上文可知，此处是指 Ehlers 对狗足够关心，care 关心；see 看到；suffer 遭
罪；learn 学会。故选 A。
57.B 考查名词及语境理解。根据上文 Ehlers 开车把那只小狗 Rosie 送到 100 英里远的机场，把它航空托运
到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情。place 地方；trouble 麻烦；waste 浪费，废物；extreme 极端，最高程
度。故选 B。
58.C 考查名词及语境理解。根据上文可知，此处是指 Lisa 在评论 Ehlers 帮助他们找回狗付出的努力。service
服务；plan 计划；effort 努力；team 队。故选 C。
59.D 考查形容词及语境理解。根据下文 Ehlers 说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样。
equal 能胜任；allergic 过敏的；grateful 感激的；close 靠近的。故选 D。
60.D 考查形容词及语境理解。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出
更多努力去帮忙。suitable 适合的；proud 骄傲的；wise 聪明的；wiling 乐意的。故选 D。
的
误区点拨
第一、完型就是语法词汇题
很多同学认为完型填空就是考单词、考语法。如果到目前为止还抱着这样的想法就大错特错了，完形
填空题在现在的高考中已经不再是单纯的语法词汇题了。高考完型考词汇也不是只是记住一两个意思就可
以搞定的。比如以前同学们做完型把四个选项带入原文翻译进行比对，而现在可能会发现带入后四个都可
以说的通。所以现在完型选的是最佳答案，而不是最正确答案。高考完型对于词汇的要求是广度和深度，
比如一些单词的多义考查，例如 subject，company 等等。
第二、完型背会 3500 单词就够了
很多同学会认为高考完型复习好大纲规定的 3500 的单词就够了。这里要清楚一点，高考英语试卷需要
同学处理的信息大概在 3500 词左右，所以其实有一部分单词是不考的。那对于高考单词的复习，可以以真
题为圆心，通过真题记单词。尽量做到对近十年的真题，没有一个单词是生词，没有一个句子是长难句，
知道所有选项对错的原因。
第三、完型先做模拟题，后做真题
很多同学在做题的选择上是有一定的误区的，会认为真题比较少，非常宝贵要留到最后冲刺的时候再
做。不能以模拟题作为备考的起点，这样会输在起跑线，高考做题的第一印象是非常重要的，如果用模拟
题的做题思路到真题中实践，这是给自己设置障碍。所以应该先去做真题，在真题研读 3~5 遍以后，对真
题的命题思路已经非常熟悉的情况下，再去做模拟题，可以放在 5 月以后。尽量对每个单词的准确用法进
行深度理解，而不是仅仅停留在知道单词的基本意思。对于真题中出现过的词组也需要进行整理总结。
锦囊妙计
一、记叙文是一种以记叙为主要表达方式的文体。它主要分为记人、叙事、写景几个方面，包括幽默
故事、名人传记、逸闻趣事等。如果文章交代了 when，where，who，what，how 这五个要素，那么文章就
是记叙文。为了测试考生对语篇的理解能力，命题人会特别注意选材的趣味性。记叙文的结尾往往出人意料，
耐人寻味。
做题时，考生可以从以下几点进行突破。
1.重视首句，把握全篇
叙事性文章往往在第一句就会把事情发生的时间、地点等交代清楚或者对所要叙述的事情的性质、特
征加以描述，这为我们理解文章提供了一个＂窗口＂。所以考生应充分重视首句的指导作用，利用它找到解
题突破口，应＂先完意，再完形＂，即把握了全篇大意之后，再逐空试填。
2.理清线索，找准方向
记叙文一般按事件发展的时间或空间顺序来叙述，有时用倒叙手法。因此，我们在做题时可以首先抓
住表示时间顺序的词，且要理清人物之间的关系，弄清楚人物各自所做的事情，准确理解文章。
3.利用语境，揣摩心态
考生要借助上下文语境来揣摩作者对文章中各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，考生应该通
过字里行间的内容体会主人公的心理活动，弄懂主人公对人物或事件的态度，身临其境，与主人公的思维保
持一致。
二、夹叙夹议完形填空所选的文章一般富于哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中悟出深刻的人
生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。
在结构上，作者首先叙述一件事情，然后就此事情引申出一个深刻的社会话题或就此事提出自己的观
点；或者先提出一种观点或看法，然后就这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，最后再进一步阐述或作出
结论。
夹叙夹议文在语言上又具有议论文的特点：语言客观、准确、逻辑性强，且具有概括性。那么，我们
在做夹叙夹议文类的完形填空题时，需要注意哪些方面呢？
1.重视文章首句
夹叙夹议文常常以文章的标题、首句或简短的第一段导入话题，因此，在解答夹叙夹议文类的完形填
空时，考生首先要读懂第一段，尤其是文章的第一句话，这样就可以迅速总结出全文的主旨大意。
2.理清文章结构
夹叙夹议文类的文章通常是先进行叙述，然后在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，提出故事所包含
的哲理或总结自己的观点。做题时，考生要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的
转换，及时调整思维方式。只有理清了文章的结构，才能更容易地理解文章，作出正确的选择。
3.抓住文章线索
理解夹叙夹议类文章要抓住线索，注意情节的变化，以求综观上下文，达到整体理解文意，从而避免
片面性和断章取义。找出叙述、议论部分相关的命题规律与特点，分清论点、论据的习惯表达方式，找准文
章的论点、论据和结论句式，使叙述与议论浑然一体。
三、说明文是用说明的方式介绍人或事物、解释事理的一种文体。说明文体裁的完形填空的最显著的
特点是：
1.开头点题
做说明文体裁的完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体的实物还是理论性概念。因此，明确
说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近几年的说明文体裁的完形填空题中，作者一般在文章的首句直接点
明要说明的对象。
2.结构清晰
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(先后顺序等)，空间顺序(从
局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外等)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次等)，认知顺序(由此及彼，
由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质等)。
在做说明文体裁的完形填空时，应当特别留意以下几点：
1.通过短文首尾句抓主旨
通读全文，看它是属于说明事物的说明文还是说明事理的说明文；是单纯说明类的说明文还是说明加
叙述类的说明文。而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔，由此可知，抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性
的尾句是很必要的。
2.关注段落间的内在联系
由于说明文一般是针对某一个对象从不同的角度和侧面加以说明的，每一段都有侧重点，对这些内容
要进行概括、总结，从而找出段落之间的联系，以便更深刻地理解文章的内容。
3.根据写作手法理解细节
说明文中有些细节就是写作手法的体现，而完形填空往往就是针对这些细节进行考查的。所以，考生
要学会逆向推理，从正确理解写作手法入手来把握细节。
完形填空的解题方法与步骤：
一、整体浏览抓住主题
在做完形填空题前，首先要整体浏览，对全文快速阅读一遍，了解文章的大意，掌握文章的主题，并
留心文中的关键词，了解这篇短文说什么，发生的时间、地点、文章的目的、作者的观点与态度等，这对
于做好完形填空题能起到事半功倍的效果。因此，了解文章的主题和大意就显得十分重要。但是完形填空
题所选短文一般都是没有标题的，那么要掌握文章的主题怎么办。要找到文章的主题，首先要找到文章的
主题句，因为主题句就能反映文章的主题。文章总是围绕一定的主题展开的，而每一个段落则是说明主题
的一个方面，概括了一个段落的中心思想的句子就是主题句。主题句常常出现在段首与段尾，在段首就是
一段文章开头的一两句，在段尾就是文章的最后一句；因此浏览短文时，首先要细读段首与段尾；比较起
来，主题句位于段首的比例更高一些，所以，首段的第一句或最后一句往往是主题句，它就是引领整篇文
章的主旨，是文章的灵魂，因此要抓住不放。作者要支持自己的观点，那么第二段就是作者围绕主题展开
的正文。
二、再读全篇试填答案
许多考生都有这样的经历，做完形填空题时，一看到题目就做，结果自己感到很有把握的答案错了，
问题就是对短文的内容和结构没有完整、清晰的了解和把握。因此读第二遍就显得很有必要，这样就可以
使考生对短文有更好的把握。在读第二遍时，对于一眼就能看出的答案，不必纠缠，马上就填入，对于那
些看看有点像，但没有把握的答案，可以开始试填，待看完第二遍时，再来看看试填的答案，如发现先前
填得不对，这时应该及时更正，这时你就会比较有把握，也比较有信心了。
三、瞻前顾后寻找关联
我们在‘再读全篇，试填答案’一节中所谈的已涉及到＂瞻前顾后寻找关联＂的某些含义，但侧重＂试填＂；
而我们将在这里侧重谈＂瞻前顾后寻找关联＂。完形填空题的特点基于整个语篇的理解，不从单句入手，
有时如果从某一个单句来理解，四个选项都可以填入，但从整个语篇来看，答案只有一个。在做题目的时
候，首先要对空格前后句子，然后对该空格相应的选项进行全面分析。根据文章的语义环境，做到＂瞻前
顾后，寻找关联＂，然后作出合理的判断。
四、完形完义立足全局
做完形填空有两个程序：一是完形（选择选项，然后填补空白）；二是完义（阅读短文，然后理解短
文）。但是完形必须在完义的基础上进行，也就是说首先要在阅读理解短文的基础上做好完形。完形必须服
从完义，单句必须服从段落，段落必须服从全文，局部必须服从全局。因此，我们在做完形填空题时，不
能读一句做一句，更不能看到就填，这样往往要出差错。先从整体到局部完义，再从局部到整体完形，完
形完义，立足全局。
五、复读全文验证答案
我们做完形填空题以后，首先要把＂完形＂后的全文再读一遍，看看是否＂完义＂，检查自己对全文
的理解是否准确，情节发展是否合理，全文前后上下是否符合逻辑，验证自己完形的答案是否能使全文贯
通流畅，如果读起来流畅而通顺，说明既完形又完义；反之，则说明我们对文章还没有完全理解，也就是
说虽然＂完形＂了，但还没有＂完义＂，必须重新推敲已填答案。
名校模拟
Cloze 1
There was a knock at the door of Great-Grandma Smith's home one Thanksgiving. Since she was the 1
for this family holiday, she got up, opened the door, and shouted with delight, "Look who's here!"
She 2 a young man into the house, hugged him, and said, “It's 3 to see you again! Everyone will be
so delighted!" Great-Grandma then hurried to 4 his coat and led him to the table. "Oh, just look who's here!”
she 5 with joy. The families 6 to each other. She moved things around and 7 him in a seat
between my uncle and herself. He was 8 by families on both sides and faced Great-Grandpa Smith across the
table.
"Coralie, get us another place setting!” Great-Grandma 9 "We're so sorry that we 10 without you.
No one knew you were coming,” she 11 . "But you're just going to love everything. We have turkey and many
other 12 . Oh, and Coralie made an apple and a pumpkin pie for dessert even! So, just help yourself. My dear,
it's a long time since I saw you!" She patted his arm again and 13 .
No one had 14 her joyful speech from the moment she left the table to answer the door. After looking
around the table at our 15 , the young man turned and looked 16 at Great-Grandma Smith's face, which
was filled with love and joy. He said in a(n) 17 voice, "I don't 18 any of you. I just stopped at your
house to get 19 !”
"But I really appreciate your warm-hearted dinner on this special day as I have lost my way here,” he added
with 20 in his eyes.
1. A. waitress B. guest C. chef D. hostess
2. A. pulled B. persuaded C. followed D. forced
3. A. unfortunate B. unnecessary C. wonderful D. hard
4. A. put away B. take off . C. get back D. slip on
5. A. replied B. announced C. concluded D. agreed
6. A. whispered B. laughed C. waved D. introduced
7. A. threw B. hid C. placed D. forced
8. A. searched B. surrounded C. touched D. observed
9. A. commanded B. begged C. promised D. complained
10. A. continued B. gathered C. finished D. started
11. A. informed B. apologized C. criticized D. reminded
12. A. relatives B. gifts C. strangers. D. dishes
13. A. answered B. condemned C. sighed D. warned
14. A. interrupted B. minded C. scolded D. applauded
15. A. dinner B. house C. family D. neighborhood
16. A. closely B. straight C. coldly D. eagerly
17. A. annoyed B. excited C. puzzled D. disappointed
18. A. offend B. invite C. visit D. know
19. A. blessings B. charges C. messages D. directions
20. A. water B. curiosity C. pride D. coldness
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个年轻人去问路却受到这家人的热情款待，内心非常感激。
【答案详解】
1. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为她是这个家庭假期的女主人，她站起来，打开门，高兴地喊道:“看看
谁来了!”waitress 女服务员； guest 客人；chef 厨师； hostess 女主人。根据第 1 空后的 for this family
holiday, she got up, opened the door, and shouted with delight, "Look who's here!"可知，她是家庭度假的“女主人”。
2.A 考查动词词义辨析。 根据第 2 空后的 a young man into the house, hugged him,可知，把年轻人“拉”进屋
pulled 拉； persuaded 劝说；followed 跟随；forced 强迫。。
3.C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下句的 Everyone will be so delighted!可知，再见面“好极了”。
4.B 考查动词词组词义辨析。根据第 4 空后的 his coat and led him to the table.可知，“脱掉”外跑，去桌旁。
put away 放好；take off 起飞，脱下；get back 回来；slip on 滑动。
5.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据“Oh, just look who's here!” 可知，高兴地“宣布”。replied 回答；announced 宣
布；concluded 结束，推断；agreed 同意。
6.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 6 空前后的内容 The families 和 to each other.可知，家庭之间“窃窃私语”。
whispered 低语；waved 挥动。
7.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 7 空前后的内容 She moved things around and 和 him in a seat between my uncle
and herself.可知，把他“安置在”她和叔叔之间。
8.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 8 空后的 by families on both sides and faced Great-Grandpa Smith across the
table.可知，他被家人“包围着”。searched 搜索；surrounded 环绕，包围；touched 触摸；observed 观察。
9.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 9 空前"Coralie, get us another place setting!” 可知，此处指祖母在“下命令”。
翻译成“吩咐”。commanded 命令；begged 祈求；promised 许诺；complained 抱怨。
10.D 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 10 空后的 No one knew you were coming,可知，没有等就“开始了”。
11.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提到的“没有等你就开始了”，所以向你“道歉”。 informed 告知；apologized
道歉；criticized 批评；reminded 提醒。
12.D 考查名词词义辨析。因为是在吃饭，再根据空格 12 前的 We have turkey and many other 可知，还有其
他的“菜”。
13.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 13 空前的句子 it's a long time since I saw you!可知，她“叹气”。condemned
谴责；sighed 叹息。
14.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 14 空前的 No one had ___14___ her joyful speech from the moment she left the
table to answer the door.可知，没人“打断”她的话。interrupted 打断；minded 介意；scolded 责备；applauded
赞同，称赞。
15.C 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文 by families on both sides.可知，年轻人看我们“一家人”。
16.B 考查副词词义辨析。根据第 16 空后的 Great-Grandma Smith's face, which was filled with love and joy.可
知，他直视曾祖母的脸。closely 紧密地；straight 笔直地；coldly 冷淡地；eagerly 急切地，渴望地。
17.C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第 20 空前的"But I really appreciate your warm-hearted dinner on this special
day as I have lost my way here,”可知，他为上文发生的事感到“困惑”。
18.D 考查动词词义辨析。根据第 20 空前的"But I really appreciate your warm-hearted dinner on this special day
as I have lost my way here,”可知，他不“认识”你们。
19.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据第 20 空前的" I have lost my way here,”可知，年轻人是来问路的。blessings 祝
福；charges 费用；directions 方向。
20.A 考查名词词义辨析。只是去问路。却受到热情款待，所以年轻人眼里噙着泪水。curiosity 好奇，好奇
心；pride 骄傲，自豪；coldness 冷淡。
Cloze 2
On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed
a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to 1 the man.
Darcy felt 2 he was going to die in front of them. She took a closer 3 . Then she observed his chest
not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t 4 .
The girls knew they needed to 5 help. While Darcy stayed with the 6 man, Juliet ran to nearby
homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 7 . “I am really afraid he is going to die without help,” Darcy
said 8 .
Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the 9 . But they
didn’t 10 what the girl said at first. They asked, “Is what you said a joke?” And she answered, “No, call 911
right now.”
The repairmen got it and then 11 CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived and
used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his 12 . Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be
13 to hospital.
A doctor said, “To their 14 , the two girls take fast action which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can
save the 15 of a patient in a dangerous situation.”
“What the two girls did was quite 16 ,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a(n)
17 , and they didn’t give up until that task was 18 .” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so
they launched a(n) 19 to the public to find them.
Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life on the weekend. “We were brave,”
Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized 20 won’t help the man.”
1. A. recognize B. applaud C. aid D. seize
2. A. confused B. terrified C. pleased D. curious
3. A. walk B. try C. chat D. look
4. A. bleeding B. breathing C. starving D. choking
5. A. forbid B. appreciate C. quit D. seek
6. A. unconscious B. familiar C. absent-minded D. ragged
7. A. enquired B. remembered C. answered D. succeeded
8. A. anxiously B. occasionally C. eagerly D. merrily
9. A. consequence B. emergency C. concept D. mystery
10. A. believe B. hear C. doubt D. interrupt
11. A. searched for B. put off C. carried out D. broke down
12. A. hands B. stomach C. feet D. heart
13. A. rushed B. admitted C. persuaded D. guided
14. A. disappointment B. credit C. annoyance D. horror
15. A. reputation B. prospect C. life D. honor
16. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. contradictory D. abstract
17. A. acquaintance B. colleague C. stranger D. relative
18. A. received B. presented C. claimed D. accomplished
19. A. appeal B. comment C. attempt D. apology
20. A. prejudice B. regret C. offence D. panic
【文章大意】
本文是记叙文。两个 17 岁的女孩看到一个男人突然倒在人行道上，不省人事。她们俩一个守着病人，一个
四处找人帮忙，最后这个男人得救。因此这两个女孩被公众称赞为英雄。
【答案详解】
1.C 考查动词词义辨析。Juliet 和 Darcy 注意到一个男人跌倒在人行道上，急忙跑过去帮助（aid）他。recognize
认出，识别；applaud 赞同；aid 援助；seize 抓住。
2.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第三段最后一句可知，Darcy 害怕（terrified）这个男人会死在她们面前。
confused 困惑的；terrified 害怕的；pleased 感到高兴的；curious 好奇的。
3.D 考查名词词义辨析。Darcy 仔细看了看（look），那个时候，她注意到这个男人的胸部没有上下起伏，
这意味着他没有呼吸（breathing）。
4.B 考查动词词义辨析。那个时候，她注意到这个男人的胸部没有上下起伏，这意味着他没有呼吸
（breathing）。bleeding 流血；breathing 呼吸；starving 挨饿；choking 使窒息。
5.D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这两个女孩知道她们需要寻求（seek）帮助。forbid 禁止；appreciate
欣赏，感激；quit 停止；see 寻找。
6.A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第二段最后一句和第五段第一句可知，这个男的当时处于无意识的
（unconscious）状态。unconscious 无意识的；familiar 熟悉的；absent-minded 心不在焉的；ragged 衣衫褴褛
的。
7.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，Juliet 跑到附近人家按门铃，但是没有人回应（answered）。enquired
询问；succeeded 成功。
8.A 考查副词词义辨析。 Darcy 焦急地（anxiously）说：“我真害怕，没有人帮忙，他会死掉的”。anxiously
焦虑地；occasionally 偶尔，间或；eagerly 急切地，渴望地；merrily 愉快地。
9.B 考查名词词义辨析。 Juliet 终于找到几个修车工，并把当时的紧急情况（emergency）告诉了他们。
consequence 结果；emergency 紧急情况；concept 观念。mystery 秘密。
10.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，修车工最初不相信（believe）Juliet 说的话。
11.C 考查动词短语。 修车工对这个不省人事的男人进行（carried out）了心肺复苏术，直到医生赶到并用
电击器重新复苏他的心脏（heart）。searched for 寻找；put off 推迟，拖延；carried out 实施，贯彻；broke down
打破，折断。
12.D 考查名词词义辨析。修理工拿到了它，然后对这名不省人事的男子进行了心肺复苏术，直到医生赶到
并用除颤器重新启动他的心脏。
13.A 考查动词词义辨析。 医生说，这个男人情况危急，应该被送往（rushed）医院。 rushed 急忙；admitted
承认；persuaded 劝说；guided 指导。
14.B 考查名词词义辨析。值得赞扬（credit）的是，这两个女孩迅速采取了被称为“生存链”的行动，这可以
在紧急情况下挽救病人的生命（life）。disappointment 失望；credit 信用；annoyance 烦恼；horror 惊骇。
15.C 考查名词词义辨析。一位医生说:值得赞扬的是，这两个女孩采取了迅速的行动，这被称为‘生存链’，
可以在危险的情况下挽救病人的生命。reputation 名声；prospect 前途；honor 荣誉。
16.B 考查形容词词义辨析。 另一位医生说这两个女孩所做的事情是令人惊异的（amazing）。她们立即采取
行动，试图救一个陌生人（stranger），并且她们一直没有放弃直至任务完成（accomplished）。embarrassing
令人尴尬的；amazing 令人惊讶的；contradictory 矛盾的，反对的；abstract 抽象的。
17.C 考查名词词义辨析。他们立即行动起来，试图救一个陌生人，直到任务完成，他们才放弃。acquaintance
熟人，相识； colleague 同事；stranger 陌生人；relative 亲戚。
18.D 考查动词词义辨析。他们立即行动起来，试图救一个陌生人，直到任务完成，他们才放弃。received
收到；presented 提出；claimed 声称；accomplished 完成。
19.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，医生当时没有得知这两个女孩的名字，所以他们向公众发起呼
吁（appeal）寻找她们。appeal 呼吁；comment 评论；attempt 企图；apology 道歉。
20.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，Darcy 说一开始她们有点惊慌，但后来她们意识到惊慌（panic）
帮不了那个男人。prejudice 偏见；regret 后悔；offence 犯罪，违反；panic 惊慌。
Cloze 3
Last July 4th, three police officers went into a supermarket to get something cold to drink.
Once inside, the cops were __1___ by a store security guard who asked for ___2___ with a suspected thief.
The woman in question didn’t have the look of an 3 criminal. She was obviously scared, and her cheeks were
wet with ___4___.
The cops looked 5 her bag. “We just saw containers of 6 . Nothing else,” Mike told CBS New
York.
“I’m hungry,” she explained 7 .
Being caught, the woman no doubt expected to be taken to jail for the 8 of being hungry while poor.
9 the cops had other ideas. “We’ll 10 for her food,” Sojo told the 11 security guard.
The three men had no discussion at all. It went __12___. Instead, each of them __13___ out 10 dollars to pay
the tab. She would not be arrested today.
The woman wept in __14___. Drying her eyes with a kerchief, she __15__, “Thank you, thank you.”
She wasn’t the only one touched by this act of 16. “It was a very beautiful, 17 moment,” says Paul,
who was at the store. He was so __18___ by what he’d seen that he posted a photo on Twitter for all to see.
But attention was __19___ what the officers wanted. They were driven by a far more common emotion. As
Sojo told CNN, “When you look at someone’s face and see that they need you and they’re actually hungry, it’s
pretty __20___ as a human being to walk away from something like this.”
1. A. questioned B. examined C. approached D. required
2. A. help B. information C. permission D. trouble
3. A. unskilled B. experienced C. intelligent D. active
4. A. paint B. water C. rain D. tears
5. A. outside B. inside C. around D. down
6. A. food B. fruit C. drinks D. sweets
7. A. anxiously B. shamelessly C. fearfully D. angrily
8. A. action B. mistake C. habit D. crime
9. A. And B. But C. So D. Still
10. A. pay B. look C. apologize D. account
11. A. annoyed B. excited C. surprised D. confused
12. A. unchanged B. uninformed C. unsaid D. uncalled
13. A. took B. brought C. worked D. pointed
14. A. delight B. sorrow C. regret D. gratitude
15. A. recalled B. repeated C. responded D. requested
16. A. thinking B. choosing C. sharing D. caring
17. A. brave B. genuine C. painful D. terrible
18. A. moved B. amazed C. bored D. influenced
19. A. sometimes B. finally C. never D. always
20. A. simple B. natural C. complex D. difficult
【文章大意】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一名饥饿的女子在超市偷食物被保安发现后，保安请求警察的帮助，但三名警
察出于关怀之意为这名女子支付了食物的钱，在场的人们都很感动的故事。
【答案详解】
1.C 考查动词词义辨析。三名警察走进超市后，保安走向警察和他们说小偷的事情。questioned 质疑；
examined 检查；approached 接近；required 需要。
2.A 考查名词词义辨析。抓小偷是警察的工作范畴之内的，因此选择 help 合乎语境。information 信息；
permission 允许；trouble 麻烦。
3.B 考查形容词词义辨析。下一句说到：这名女子显然很害怕。因此这名女子应该不是有经验的盗窃者。
unskilled 不熟练的；experienced 有经验的；intelligent 智能的；active 活跃的。
4.D 考查名词词义辨析。因为这名女子非常恐惧，因此被吓哭了，流出了泪水。
5.B 考查介词词义辨析。为验证女子是否偷了东西，警察需要查看女子的包里有什么。
6.A 考查名词词义辨析。由下文女子说她饿了，可知她拿的是食物。
7.C 考查副词词义辨析。由上文的“She was obviously scared”可知，女子面对警察是很恐惧的。anxiously 焦
急地；shamelessly 无耻地；fearfully 害怕地；angrily 愤怒地。
8.D 考查名词词义辨析。jail 是监狱，这个地方关着“犯罪”的人。action 行动；mistake 错误；habit 习惯； crime
犯罪。
9.B 考查连词及副词词义辨析。由第 13 小题的分析可知，警察不打算抓捕这名女子。因此设空处前后的语
意是转折关系。
10.A 考查动词词义辨析。由第 13 小题的分析可知，警察花钱来为这名女子支付食物的钱。pay 支付；apologize
道歉；account 认为，解释。
11.C 考查形容词词义辨析。保安请求警察抓小偷，结果警察却为这名女子支付食物的钱，这是保安想象不
到的，因此保安会很惊讶。annoyed 懊恼的；confused 困惑的。
12.C 考查形容词词义辨析。由前一句话可知，三名警察没有讨论，即他们没有说话。unchanged 不变的；
uninformed 不知情的；unsaid 未说出的；uncalled 未叫到的。
13.A 考查动词词义辨析。由下一句可知，这名女子今天不会被逮捕了，因此是三名警察拿出钱支付了女子
的食物。
14.D 考查名词词义辨析。由后面的 thank you 可知，这名女子很感激警察的做法。delight 快乐；sorrow 悲
哀；regret 后悔；gratitude 感谢。
15.B 考查动词词义辨析。由后面的两次“thank you”可知，该女子在重复说着“谢谢”。recalled 回忆； responded
回应；requested 要求。
16.D 考查动词词义辨析。警察帮助该女子的做法是充满爱心的行为。thinking 思考；choosing 选择；sharing
分享；caring 关怀，爱心。
17.B 考查形容词词义辨析。由“what he had seen”可知，Paul 亲眼所见了警察帮助这名女子的情景，这是真
实发生在眼前的一幕。genuine 真的，可信赖的；painful 痛苦的。
18.A 考查形容词词义辨析。Paul 将警察帮助女子的这一幕拍成照片上传到 Twitter，看得出他被这一幕打动
了。bored 无聊的； influenced 受影响的。
19.C 考查副词词义辨析。由下一句可知，警察们受到了作为人应该有的同情心的驱使为这位女士支付了买
食物的钱。所以得到关注并不是这几名警察想要的。
20.D 考查形容词词义辨析。从警察帮助这名女子可以看出，看到这样的场景，从人之常情的角度来说，很
难不去帮助。
专家押题
Cloze 1
I was driving home with my son Giacomo, 15, on the A40 when I suddenly saw a small plane coining down. Out
of nowhere, it __1___ some 200 yards away from where we were __2__, overturning and bursting into flames.
We were going 70 miles an hour and I managed to 3 ；otherwise we would have crashed into it ourselves.
I jumped out, 4 Giacomo in the car. I remember shouting at him to stay there 5 we really didn't have time
to mess around.
Flames were coming out of the cockpit（驾驶舱）and I could hear screaming, so I climbed under the wing and
tried to 6_ the windows in but failed, and with the heat of the 7 coming over the top of the plane, I 8
I might have to give up or I'd be in great danger myself. I found the small windows at the back of the plane had
cracked, so my best bet was to kick those through. It 9 and, looking back, we were unbelievably 10 ;
otherwise, it would have been a completely different 11 .
I pulled a teenage girl and boy out. 12 another guy, Joel Snarr, arrived on the scene to 13 at just the
right time. I don't think I would have been able to get the 14 out—he was a big guy. __15__, Joel seized him by
the arms and got him out just in time. I could 16 straight away Joel had a military background by how he
conducted himself. We'd just got all three of them, Stuart Moore, who’d flown the plane, and his nephew and niece, to
a safe __17_ when the plane exploded.
The emergency services 18 pretty quickly, and then they did their duty. When I got back to my 19 ,
Giacomo and I stared at each other, almost laughing in __20__. It was a very strange moment—things like this only
happen in films.
1. A. exploded B. landed C. disappeared D. crashed
2. A. living B. driving C. standing D. flying
3. A. roll B. speed C. stop D. pass
4. A. leaving B. saving C. blaming D. greeting
5. A. if B. though C. until D. since
6. A. fix B. kick C. clean D. shut
7. A. fire B. steam C. water D. engine
8. A. expected B. imagined C. admitted D. sensed
9. A. lasted B. counted C. worked D. ended
10. A. afraid B. lucky C. cautious D. brave
11. A. story B. adventure C. challenge D. lesson
12. A. Yet B. Thus C. Then D. Indeed
13. A. help B. climb C. explain D. deliver
14. A. steward B. driver C. rescuer D. pilot
15. A. Instead B. However C. Strangely D. Secretly
16. A. argue B. tell C. describe D. agree
17. A. return B. room C. distance D. journey
18. A. went away B. set out C. shut down D. turned up
19. A. car B. house C. plane D. cinema
20. A. surprise B. sorrow C. relief D. confusion
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者和儿子在开车回家途中，一架飞机突然降落起火，作者和另一个名叫 Joel
Snarr 的人，一起救人的经历。
【答案详解】
1.D 考查动词词义辨析。从下一句 overturning and bursting into flames 可知，飞机翻了并起火了，说明飞机坠
毁了。exploded 爆炸；landed 着陆；crashed 坠毁。
2.B 考查动词词义辨析。由上一句话 I was driving home with my son Giacomo, 15, on the A40 when I suddenly
saw a small plane coming down 可知，作者开车的地方飞机坠毁了。
3.C 考查动词词义辨析。由下一句 otherwise we would have crashed into it ourselves 可知，只有设法将车停下，
才不会撞到飞机上。
4.A 考查动词词义辨析。由下一句中的 shouting at him to stay there 可知，作者是把儿子留在了车里。
5.D 考查连词。由语境可知，飞机坠毁，情势危急，所以对儿子大喊大叫让他呆在车里是因为他们没时间
胡闹，前后两句是因果关系。
6.B 考查动词词义辨析。由上一句 Flames were coming out of the cockpit 和 screaming 和第 9 空前的 kick those
through 可知，飞机里的人处于危险中，在外面的作者想要踢开窗子救人。fix 修理；kick 踢开。
7.A 考查名词词义辨析。由本段第一句话 Flames were coming out of the cockpit 可知，驾驶舱起火了，所以此
空是火的热度。
8.D 考查动词词义辨析。由前文可知，作者踢不开窗子，然而火还在继续燃烧，所以他感觉自己要放弃了。
expected 期望；imagined 想象；admitted 承认；sensed 感觉。
9.D 考查动词词义辨析。由下一句 looking back 可知，这件事已经结束。lasted 持续； counted 计数束。
10.B 考查形容词词义辨析。由后文可知，作者在飞机爆炸前救出了飞机里的人，所以很幸运。cautious 小
心的。
11.A 考查名词词义辨析。otherwise 后接虚拟语气，前一句“他们很幸运”是事实，后一句表示与事实相反的
东西，所以此空表示的是“如果不幸运，就会发生不好的事情。”adventure 冒险；challenge 挑战。
12.C 考查副词词义辨析。然后，另一个叫 Joel Snarr 的人在适当的时候赶到现场帮忙。
13.A 考查动词词义辨析。由后文语境可知，Joel Snarr 救出了飞行员，所以他是来帮忙的。
14.D 考查名词词义辨析。 由后文 Stuart Moore, who’d flown the plane 可知，Joel 救的这个人是 Stuart
Moore，他驾驶飞机，所以他是飞行员。steward 空姐；driver 司机；rescuer 救援者；pilot 飞行员。
15.B 考查副词词义辨析。由上一句可知，作者无法救出飞行员，下一句说 Joel 救出了飞行员，前后两句表
转折。
16.B 考查动词词义辨析。由上文 Joel 救人的行为表现可知，通过 Joel 的行动，作者辨别出 Joel 有军事背景。
argue 争辩；tell 辨别；describe 描写；agree 同意。
17.C 考查名词词义辨析。由常识可知，飞机要爆炸了，救了人肯定要把人带到安全的距离。
18.D 考查动词短语辨析。went away 离开；set out 出发；shut down 关闭； turned up 出现。由下一句 they did
their duty 可知，急救人员出现了。
19.A 考查名词词义辨析。由上文可知，事故发生时，作者在开车，所以事情结束了，他回到车里。
20.C 考查名词词义辨析。由上文可知，作者在紧急情况下救了人，避免惨剧发生，救完人后就如释重负地
笑了，in relief 意为“如释重负地”。
Cloze 2
At a young age, Darrius Simmons fell in love with the piano. As he watched others play, he was 1 by the
joy the piano gave them. He wanted to experience that, too, but knew for him it would be a/an 2 .
“I decided at age 10 that I wanted to learn how to play the piano, 3 it was going to take a little bit 4
work for me to learn,” Simmons says. “I knew most people had 10 fingers while I had four, yet I was pretty 5
I could make it work.”
The Warren, Ohio teenager was born with a genetic 6 called ectrodactyly (先天性缺指畸形). He has
7 fingers on his right hand and one finger on his left. But it didn’t 8 Simmons from following his 9 .
With no formal training, Simmons taught himself by ear how to play the piano. He practiced and practiced, finding
a way to 10 the keys with four fingers while mastering the pedals with his prostheses(假肢).
Simmons knew he would have to 11 his own style of playing. “I couldn’t base it 12 the technique
of somebody who has 10 fingers. It just wouldn’t 13 .” He says. “That’s 14 it was hard for me to take
piano lessons. It’s very 15 for somebody who has learned how to play with 10 fingers to adjust and teach me
with only four.”
The now 18-year-old not only learned how to play and read music but also began composing.
His mother, Tamara Simmons, isn’t surprised by Darrius’ 16 . She knows how focused and 17 he
can be.
From mastering music to beating 18 challenges, Darrius Simmons sets out to 19 the world. “I like
to be somebody’s 20 ,” he says. “If I play in front of a whole crowd and I see one person smile, that’s a job
well done.”
1. A. frightened B. amazed C. interested D. disturbed
2. A. challenge B. opportunity C. fortune D. trouble
3. A. while B. but C. and D. therefore
4. A. more B. much C. fewer D. less
5. A. surprised B. worried C. sure D. glad
6. A. condition B. environment C. situation D. tendency
7. A. two B. three C. four D. five
8. A. encourage B. prevent C. remove D. change
9. A. actions B. roads C. instructions D. passions
10. A. reach B. repair C. remove D. clean
11. A. adopt B. abandon C. develop D. change
12. A. by B. in C. through D. on
13. A. support B. run C. operate D. work
14. A. why B. because C. when D. whether
15. A. easy B. tough C. funny D. stupid
16. A. ideas B. creations C. difficulties D. achievements
17. A. kind B. determined C. talented D. generous
18. A. spiritual B. mental C. physical D. emotional
19. A. please B. persuade C. inspire D. cheer
20. A. partner B. symbol C. aim D. motivation
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了西蒙斯患有先天性缺指畸形，只有四根手指，他却顽强地敌克服了身体障碍，
学会了弹钢琴，他的事迹鼓舞了全世界的人。
【答案详解】
1.B 考查动词词义辨析。空前一句说在很小的时候，西蒙斯就爱上了钢琴，因此当他看别人演奏时，他对钢
琴给他们带来的快乐感到惊讶。frightened 使害怕；amazed 使惊奇；interested 使感兴趣； disturbed 打扰。
2.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的“I knew most people had 10 fingers while I had four”可知，西蒙斯只有
四根手指，因此学习钢琴对他来说是一个巨大的挑战。challenge 挑战；opportunity 机会；fortune 运气；trouble
麻烦。
3.B 考查连词词义辨析。“十岁时就决定学习钢琴”和“下更大的功夫去学习”之间是转折关系。
4.A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后的“work for me to learn”可知，此处指“下更大的功夫学习钢琴”，空前
的 a little bit 修饰形容词比较级。
5.C 考查形容词词义辨析。空前一句说西蒙斯只有四根手指，转折连词“but”表明他确信自己能够学会弹钢
琴。
6.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的“ectrodactyly”可知，可知，先天性缺指畸形是一种遗传疾病，genetic
condition 表示“遗传条件、基因状况”。condition 情况、条件；environment 环境；situation 形势；tendency 倾
向。
7.B 考查数词词义辨析。根据上文中的 I knew most people had 10 fingers while I had four”可知，西蒙斯只有四
根手指，因此他右手有三根，左手有一根。
8.B 考查动词词义辨析。 根据空前表示转折的“But”及空后的“Simmons from following his 9 .”可知，尽
管只有四根手指，但这并没有阻止西蒙斯追随自己的激情。encourage 鼓励；prevent 阻止；remove 移除；change
改变。
9.D 考查名词词义辨析。 根据空后的“With no formal training, Simmons taught himself by ear how to play the
piano.”可知，没有受过正式的训练，西蒙斯就靠听觉自学弹钢琴，这说明他的这种身体条件并没有阻止他追
随自己的激情——学习钢琴。actions 行动；instructions 指令；passions 激情。
10.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“the keys with four fingers”可知，西蒙斯设法用四根手指触键。
11.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“his own style of playing.”可知，西蒙斯知道他必须形成（发展）自己
的演奏风格。adopt 采取；abandon 遗弃；develop 发展、形成；change 改变。
12.D 考查固定搭配。我不能把它建立在一个有十根手指的人的技术上（用正常人的演奏方式弹钢琴）。base
sth on 表示“把某事（物）建立在……基础之上”。
13.D 考查动词词义辨析。 空前一句西蒙斯说不能把自己的演奏风格建立在一个有十根手指的人的技术上
（用正常人的演奏方式弹钢琴），此处解释原因——因为这根本行不通。support 支持；run 经营、运转；operate
操作； work 起作用。
14.A 考查连词词义辨析。根据空后的“it was hard for me to take piano lessons”可知，这就是我很难上钢琴课
的原因。
15.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后的“somebody who has learned how to play with 10 fingers to adjust and
teach me with only four”可知，西蒙斯说对于一个已经学会用十根手指弹钢琴的人来说，仅仅用四根手指来
调整和教他是非常困难的。
16.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据空前的“The now 18-year-old not only learned how to play and read music but also
began composing.”可知，现在 18 岁的西蒙斯不仅学会了如何演奏和识谱，还开始作曲，这是他所取得的成
就。creations 创造； difficulties 困难；. achievements 成就。
17.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空前的“focused”及上文西蒙斯学习钢琴的经历可知此处指“有决心的”。
determined 有决心的；talented 有才能的；generous 大方的。
18. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文内容可知，西蒙斯患有先天性缺指畸形，对学习钢琴来说，这是身体
上的挑战。spiritual 心灵的；mental 精神上的；physical 身体上的；emotional 情绪的。
19.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文内容可知，西蒙斯患有先天性缺指畸形，却顽强地克服了身体障碍，学
会了弹钢琴，他的事迹鼓舞了全世界的人。
20.D 考查名词词义辨析。空后一句西蒙斯说，“如果我在一群人面前表演，我看到一个人在微笑，那就说明
我做得很好”，这说明他想成为鼓舞别人的动力。partner 伙伴；symbol 象征；aim 目标； motivation 激励、
动力。
Cloze 3
A number of years ago I lost all of the hearing in one of my ears overnight. At first, it seemed like it could be a
minor 1 . Two days later, I was supposed to perform at an event, and I sat __2___ my turn in the dark, 3
some medicine from my doctor with orange juice. The hearing didn’t 4 . Soon after, I was 5 I had a
brain tumor (肿瘤). The following 6 left me exhausted and I was spending more time alone; but that 7
me with a lot more time for art.
I had spent most of my time in college studying __8___ and wishing there was a __9__ to combine technology
with the work instead of just using computers as a tool. As a girl who had spent most of my time 10 , it had
simply never _1 1__ to me or anyone else that I could do technical work. In the 90s, that didn’t even __12__. But,
later, as part of the Design and Technology department at Parsons, I went through a crash __3___ in hardware and
software engineering and fell in love with it for the purpose of art.
So as my body was __14___ well, I began doing small __15__ at night: sketches(素描), models, studying
circuits(电路). I was 16 that if anything happened to my other 17 , I wouldn’t be able to communicate. As
I focused on the reality of daily 18 failure in my own life, I began to pay more attention to the physical
objects such as our phones, our Internet, our radios, etc. I began building objects to 19 possible future
disasters of communication in our society.
Over these years of hard work, the most 20 things I’ve learned are that we have to make our own
opportunities, we have to make time for the work, and we can’t give up.
1. A. success B. problem C. change D. dream
2. A. thinking about B. caring about C. asking for D. waiting for
3. A. washing down B. taking out C. searching for D. paying for
4. A. lose B. affect C. return D. hurt
5. A. agreed B. told C. armed D. covered
6. A. instruction B. discovery C. treatment D. promise
7. A. left B. interrupted C. rescued D. surprised
8. A. dance B. computer C. medicine D. art
9. A. way B. accident C. corner D. luck
10. A. reading B. writing C. teaching D. drawing
11. A. appealed B. passed C. occurred D. continued
12. A. permit B. exist C. end D. move
13. A. meeting B. understanding C. check D. course
14. A. recovering B. running C. playing D. falling
15. A. talks B. discussions C. experiments D. predictions
16. A. interested B. afraid C. satisfied D. curious
17. A. arm B. hand C. ear D. leg
18. A. power B. heart C. business D. communication
19. A. mark B. avoid C. accept D. forget
20. A. important B. necessary C. possible D. difficult
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者本是一个艺术家，因为一场突发的耳聋发现脑部有肿瘤，在治疗过
程中，她把更多的时间花在艺术，以及艺术和技术的融合，由一个技术“小白”变得开始懂得技术，从而告知
一个道理：不管什么情况我们必须创造自己的机会。
【答案详解】
1.B 考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“Two days later, I was supposed to perform at an event 可知，作者最初把自
己一只耳朵失聪的情况当作一个小问题来看待，才会出席活动表演。
2.D 考查动词词组辨析。根据空后“my turn”可知，作者在应是在等待自己上场表演。thinking about 思考；caring
about 关心；在意；asking for 询问；waiting for 等待；等候。
3.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的宾语“some medicine from my doctor with orange juice.”，可知作者应是吃
了医生开的药，且是用橘汁冲咽的。washing down(以水或者饮料) 冲咽； taking out 拿出；searching for 寻
找；paying for 付账。
4.C 考查动词词义辨析。根据文章首句“A number of years ago I lost all of the hearing in one of my ears
overnight.”以及空后 “Soon after, I was___5__I had a brain tumor”可知，作者的失聪问题并未解决，听力没有
恢复，而是检查出更加严重的疾病。
5.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，作者被（医生）告知脑部有肿瘤。
6.C 考查名词词义辨析。 根据句意和语境可知，作者得病之后接受治疗。instruction 指导；说明； discovery
发现；发觉； treatment 治疗； promise 承诺。
7.A 考查动词词义辨析。接下来的治疗让我筋疲力尽，我花了更多的时间独处；但这让我有更多的时间来
学习艺术。
8.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文提及作者为艺术工作者，可知作者大学里在研究艺术与计算机技术的结
合。
9.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，作者在研究将计算机技术与艺术相结合的方法。
10.D 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文提及“sketches(素描)”可知，作者的艺术工作与绘画有关。
11.C 考查动词词义辨析。作为一个把大部分时间都花在画画上的女孩，我和其他人从来没有想过我会做技
术工作。 appealed 吸引；occurred 发生；continued 继续。
12.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，后文提及“But, later, as part of the Design and Technology
department at Parsons”说明之后存在了这样的设计与计算机技术相结合的部门，因此可知 90 年代并不存在这
样的情况。permit 允许；exist 存在；end 结束； move 移动。
13.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，空前的“went through”意为“参加”，因此此句表达作者参加
了一个速成班“a crash course”。
14.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“well”可知，作者病情有所好转。
15.C 考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“sketches, models, studying circuits”可知，作者在 do experiments“做试
验”。discussions 讨论；experiments 试验；predictions 预言。
16.B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“I wouldn’t be able to communicate(我将无法沟通)”可知，作者担心自
己的另一只耳朵也会出现失聪。
17.C 考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，所填空之前有“my other”作限定词，可推知作者担心自己的
另一只耳朵也会出现失聪，从而将无法与人沟通。
18.D 根据后文“I began to pay more attention to the physical objects such as our phones, our Internet, our radios,
etc.”可知，作者更加关注日常交流。
19.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“possible future disasters of communication in our society(我们社会未来可
能的通讯灾难)”可知，作者应是要研究如何避免这种灾难的发生。
20.A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意和语境可知，后文内容为作者这些年辛苦努力工作而得出的最重要的
经验教训。
Cloze 4
I grew up in a small town in Ohio, where everyone knew a man called Tom. Uneducated, he couldn’t talk
plainly. And because he was 1 and not very smart, everyone laughed at him. I 2 he was an easy mark.
One day, he came walking by. I was about 12 and thought it would make me feel grown-up to 3 him like
the adults did.
He asked how I was doing. I told him my father was 4 , and that we lacked money.
I could hear my friends 5 in the background so I went on with the lie. I had him 6 so completely
that every time he inquired about the 7 , I would make it seem increasingly worrying.
I knew he made a 8 by doing odd jobs, so it seemed 9 when he asked me if we needed anything. I
told him that we didn’t know if we would 10 . He responded, “You poor thing. I will 11 for you.”
That night I heard the 12 rattle (作响) softly. Thinking it was the wind beating against it, I 13 it.
Later when I opened the door to go outside, I found a box of 14 . I knew who had given the food. I 15
the small box of canned food with tears in my eyes. I felt 16 , and wanted to return the groceries.
My father scolded me and 17 that I keep the box. Otherwise, it would hurt Tom. Each day when we
were to have dinner, my father would ask, “What side dish are we having from the 18 box today?
Although the food was not tasty, I knew Tom had given 19 . He gave the best he had, but I did not 20
the gift.
1. A. ill-treated B. bad-tempered C. good-natured D. warm-hearted
2. A. guessed B. predicted C. indicated D. hoped
3. A. condemn B. tease C. annoy D. abuse
4. A. delayed B. prohibited C. deserted D. unemployed
5. A. laughing B. whispering C. cheering D. clapping
6. A. absorbed B. amused C. struck D. fooled
7. A. atmosphere B. situation C. money D. reason
8. A. budget B. profit C. living D. fortune
9. A. funny B. impossible C. practical D. moving
10. A. panic B. remain C. starve D. compromise
11. A. manage B. operate C. purchase D. pray
12. A. window B. door C. fence D. box
13. A. explored B. fastened C. ignored D. investigated
14. A. groceries B. vegetables C. snacks D. fruits
15. A. held up B. looked into C. checked out D. took over
16. A. thrilled B. touched C. frustrated D. ashamed
17. A. insisted B. determined C. expected D. informed
18. A. money B. check C. ice D. gift
19. A. personally B. secretly C. sacrificially D. excitedly
20. A. appreciate B. deserve C. comprehend D. accept
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲诉了作者曾欺骗了一个善良但不聪明的男人，接受到了男人真诚的礼物之后，作
者感到深深的愧疚和自责。
【答案详解】
1.C 考查形容词辨析。 根据下文 everyone laughed at him.可知，他因为脾气好又不聪明，所以每个人都取笑
他。ill-treated 受虐待的；bad-tempered 坏脾气的；good-natured 脾气好的；warm-hearted 热心肠的。
2.A 考查动词辨析。根据后文内容，我欺骗了他，所以是作者猜测他容易上当。guessed 猜测；predicted 预
测；indicated 表明；hoped 希望。
3.B 考查动词辨析。根据 like the adults did 可知，人们总是取笑他。condemn 谴责； tease 取笑；annoy 惹
恼；abuse 虐待。
4.D 考查形容词辨析。根据 we lacked money 可知，我们缺钱，所以是作者的父亲失业了。delayed 延时的；
prohibited 被禁止的；deserted 被遗弃的；unemployed 失业的。
5.A 考查动词辨析。根据 so I went on with the lie. 可知，因为朋友们觉得有趣，在背后笑话他，所以作者继
续愚弄他。laughing 笑；whispering 低语；cheering 欢呼； clapping 鼓掌。
6.D 考查动词辨析。下文 Tom 的举动说明他相信了作者的话，所以他是被完全愚弄了。absorbed 吸收；amused
逗乐；struck 打击，罢工；fooled 愚弄。
7.B 考查名词辨析。根据上文 I told him my father was 4 , and that we lacked money.可知，此处指的每次
他问起我们的情况时。atmosphere 氛围；situation 情形。
8.C 考查名词辨析。budget 预算；profit 利润；living 生活；fortune 财富。make a living,谋生，为固定短语，
符合句意。
9.a 考查形容词辨析。因为 Tom 自己还要靠打零工生活，所以每次当他关心完全愚弄了时，显得很滑稽。
practical 实际的；moving 移动的。
10.C 考查动词辨析。 根据后文 Tom 给他们送食物，可以判断，作者此处说他们可能会挨饿。panic 恐慌；
remain 保持；starve 饿死；compromise 妥协。
11.D 考查动词辨析。根据上文说 Tom 非常善良，所以当听到作者的不幸时，他会为作者祈祷。manage 管
理；operate 操作；purchase 购买；pray 祈祷。
12.B 考查名词辨析。根据后文 Later when I opened the door to go outside,可知，作者打开了门，所以是门响。
13.C 考查动词辨析。 explored 探索；fastened 固定；ignored 忽略； investigated 调查。根据 Thinking it was
the wind beating against it,可知，作者以为是风吹的，所以没有理会。
14.A 考查名词辨析。根据后文 the small box of canned food 可知，是罐装食物。groceries 食品杂货；snacks
小吃。
15.B 考查动词短语辨析。作者是向装食物的盒子看去，才能被感动。held up 举起；looked into 往里看；
checked out 检查；took over 接管。
16.D 考查形容词辨析。根据 and wanted to return the groceries.可知，我想要还回去，因为我欺骗了 Tom，我
感到惭愧。thrilled 激动的；touched 感人的；frustrated 沮丧的；ashamed 羞愧的。
17.A 考查动词辨析。根据 Otherwise, it would hurt Tom.可知，害怕伤害 Tom，所以父亲坚持让我留着它。
insisted 坚持；determined 决定；expected 期待；informed 通知。
18.D 考查名词辨析。根据文章最后 the gift 可知，此处指的是 Tom 送给他们的装着食物的礼物盒子。
19.C 考查副词辨析。因为 Tom 自己条件不好，故给他们送食物对他来说是很大的牺牲。personally 亲自；
secretly 秘密地；sacrificially 牺牲地；excitedly 兴奋地。
20.B 考查动词辨析。因为我欺骗了这个善良的人，所以我很愧疚，我不值得这样的礼物。appreciate 感激；
deserve 应得；comprehend 理解；accept 接受。
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