秘籍 14 细节理解题
考点归纳
高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。2019 年新课标全国卷考区及其他各考区的高考
试题中考查细节理解的题目占阅读理解题目总数的 54%左右。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信
息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我
们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常用特殊疑问句形式，如：以 when, where, what, which, who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题。
(1)What does the writer pay the least attention to?
(2)Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of.../relationship of....?
(3)What is special about...?
(4)Why do the researchers develop...?
(5)Why does Bechtel prefer to...?
做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键
性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文
章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获
取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地
将他们回忆起来。
细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：
题型一 描写类细节题
描写类细节题，常常考察考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发
展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，
对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。
典型剖析
(2019 新课标卷 II,B)
“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual
reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for
an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the
single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even
on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The
unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.
Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able
to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced
oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled
with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社
区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if
others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
题型二 信息寻找题、广告阅读题
广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。属应用文体。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广
告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）
正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采
用“题干定向法”。
（1）补全成分法
省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结
合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver wanted. 根据文义，可将该句补充
为：A driver will be wanted. (招聘一名司机)。
（2）联想推测法
在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，
充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。
典型剖析
(2019·新课标全国卷 I，A)
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The
deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people
under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.
Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and
run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects
for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer
positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for
persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth.
B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
题型三 数据计算题
此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结
论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关
系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可
采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复
杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。
典型剖析
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has
been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit
(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe
that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages
between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too
became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the
nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications
in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English,
Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The
general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones
have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000;
Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over
800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are
spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly
speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan
Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these
seems to have much chance of survival.
30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.
C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
题型四 排序题
这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。
做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范
围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说
明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高
考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
题型五 图文转换题
此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，
即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，
以便做题。
题型六 代词指代题解题技能
代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的
情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
典型剖析
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，C)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to
celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a
unifying (联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the
music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to
widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter
Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand
that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been
lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the
way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put
it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the
recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on
how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about
our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I
want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
28.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A.To remember the birth of jazz.
B.To protect cultural diversity.
C.To encourage people to study music.
D.To recognize the value of jazz.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Jazz becoming more accessible.
B.The production of jazz growing faster.
C.Jazz being less popular with the young.
D.The jazz audience becoming larger.
误区点拨
针对细节理解题，阅读解题的实战技巧“四步走”：
一、 定区间
定区间是什么意思呢？定区间就是确定题目答案在短文中可能出现的大概位置。一篇阅读理解通常有 3-4 个
问题，问题的设置通常也是按照文章的先后顺序排列的。定好区间能够迅速找到问题的关键所在，有的放
矢，从而高效地解决问题。
那么如何定区间呢？定区间是由问题来决定的，所以做阅读先要看一下问题。看问题不是要把问题全部仔
细看一遍，通常浏览一下标题即可。看了问题定区间就并不很难了。猜词义、句意的题目的区间就是该词、
句的前后。
二、 细阅读
细阅读就是定好区间后，针对问题仔细阅读，寻求正确的答案。如何细阅读呢？长句子要认真分析，重点
地方用笔在卷子上划一划。很多阅读理解题就是以长难句作为依据考查学生的阅读理解能力的，
三、排差异
为了确保所作出的选项的正确性，我们还需要排除其它的三个选项，这好比数学里的验算，称之为排差异。
四、 加速度
上面所说的做第一步和第二步耽误了我们不少时间，为了提高阅读速度，保证按时完成任务，我们必须提
高速度。如何提高呢？就是在定了区间之后，其它的段落和句子要采取扫描法（scan）甚至是跳读法
（skip）。
锦囊妙计
细节题具体方法与步骤：
①排除干扰项 ，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰
项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是短文的要点活主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。
② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如 for example，first，second 等预测应该到何处
寻找自己所需要的事实。
③ 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈 Z 形扫视，直到找
到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义
词、代词等。
名校模拟
Passage1
My friend, Monty Roberts owns a horse ranch (养马场). The last time I was there he introduced me a story
like this: There was a young man who was the son of a horse trainer, who would go from stable (马厩) to stable,
race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. So the boy's school career was continually
interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew
up.
That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch. He wrote about
his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings,
the stables and the track. He also drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a
200-acre dream ranch. He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his
teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, “See
me after class.”
The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked why he received an F. The teacher said,
"This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You have no resources. Owning a
horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. There's no way you could ever do it... If you will
rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade.”
The boy went home and thought about it long and haul. He asked his father what he should do. His father said,
"Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you.”
Finally, after a week, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, “You can keep the F
and I'll keep my dream."
Monty then turned to me and said, "I tell you this story because you are sitting in my 4, 000-square-foot house
in the middle of my 200-acre horse ranch. I still have that school paper framed over the fireplace.” He added, "The
best part of the story is that two years ago that same schoolteacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a
week. When the teacher was leaving, he said, “Look, Monty, when I was your teacher, I was something of a dream
stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids’ dreams. Fortunately you had enough ambition not to give up on
yours.”
1. How did the father deal with his son’s problem?
A. He did not pay attention to it.
B. He punished his son for the large red F.
C. He encouraged his son to make his own decision.
D. He scolded his son for the ridiculous plan.
2. What can we infer from the teacher's remarks in the last paragraph?
A. Skill comes by exercise.
B. Everybody's good at something.
C. It's great to have dreams.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
3. Why was Monty’s schooling continually interrupted?
A. Because he didn’t like his teacher.
B. Because he had to do much housework.
C. Because he refused to go to school sometimes.
D. Because his father always changed his working place.
4. What's the best title for the text?
A. A boy having no changes B. A boy following his heart
C. A boy holding on to his dream D. A boy owning a horse ranch
Passage2
American Grace Brown is keeping busy during her first year of high school.She studies all the
required subjects,such as English,history and mathematics,as well as taking classes in Latin.She also
sings in a music group and plays the piano.The school day lasts from about eight o'clock in the
morning to three in the afternoon.But because of her many activities,she has no time for a class in
physical education,or PE.
So Grace is getting school credit for virtual PE.She wears a fitness tracker called Fitbit that the high school
provided.She wears the Fitbit on her arm while doing exercises lasting 30 minutes or longer three times a
week.Her computer has a software program that records her activity which she can present for credit.
A PE teacher may not be guiding the Fitbit-wearing students in person.But teachers do lead students' work by
setting goals such as fat burn,using the technology as their eyes and ears."We certainly exercise more in online
PE,"Brown said."There's a lot of standing around in regular PE.Online,I do much harder
workouts."
Grace's mother,Rhonda Brown,remembers how hard PE class and softball games were for her
because of blindness in one eye.She would like to see Fairfax County give students permission to avoid PE if they
play school sports.
＂We're so stuck in the traditional classroom setting.These kids are burning 2,000 calories(卡路里）during a
practice and more at every game,"Rhonda said."I wish the schools would catch up with the times."
It is not clear how many schools are supporting the trend.Technology and the collection of any
student data always raise the problem of student privacy concerns."There is a difference between physical activity
and physical education,"said Chris Hersl.Physical activity is great for the body.We want everybody to move,but
physical education is a class where students are taught how to move their body and the social context in which to
do that."
1.Why does Grace take virtual PE?
A.She is busy with school activities.
B.She prefers something new.
C.She has interest in wearable technology.
D.She loves being tracked while doing PE.
2.What do PE teachers do while their students are doing virtual PE?
A.Provide some guidance in the flesh.
B.Help students get good personal exercise.
C.Teach students how to wear a fitness tracker.
D.Monitor students with technology all day.
3.Why did Rhonda always avoid playing games at school?
A.She couldn't catch up with the times.
B.She was often stuck in traditional exercise.
C.She couldn't burn 2,000 calories per game.
D.She was blind in one of her eyes.
4.What does Chris stress in his words?
A.Wearable technology threatens students 'privacy.
B.Physical activities need students' teamwork.
C.PE is also about students' social connection.
D.Online PE collects a lot of students' data.
Passage 3
Over the years, the small Vermilion Heritage Museum in Alberta, Canada, tried everything in its power to
unlock an old safe (保险箱) in its basement: The museum hired blacksmiths, called the manufacturer, contacted
former employees and challenged visitors to play around with the safe but nobody had any success.
Until last month, when a visitor to Vermilion cracked the code (密码) on his first try, much to the
astonishment of everyone present.
Stephen Mills, from Fort McMurray, Alberta, was on a family camping trip with his wife and his two children.
After giving the Mills' family a tour of the whole building, the museum volunteer showed them the objects in the
basement, including the mysterious safe.
It originally had belonged to the town's Brunswick Hotel which opened in the early 1900s. When the hotel
shut down in the late 1970s, the safe was locked: —and so it had remained.
“It was like a time capsule, nobody had any idea of what was in there,” said Mills.
Like other visitors, Mills was offered the chance to take a crack at opening it.
“Just like you see in the movies,” he said, “I looked at the dial and I saw the numbers were running from 0 to
60. So I thought in my head 20-40-60. I did a particular combination which is three on the right, two on the left, and
one on the right, tried the handle … and it opened!””
“It was a 100% guess.” he said. “I was fully amazed. I stepped back a lttle bit and thought,
“I'm buying a lottery ticket tonight!””
The contents of the safe proved a little disappointing.
“Unfortunately, there wasn't what we thought was there,” Mills said. “Some papers, old checks, a waitress'
notebook, and a receipt from the hotel. That's it.”
Nonetheless, Mills said everyone was excited about the lucky guess. “My children kept screaming “We beat
the code! We beat the code!” he said.
1. Who unlocked the mysterious safe?
A. A visitor. B. A volunteer.
C. A blacksmith. D. An employee.
2. How did Mills unlock the old safe?
A. After several attempts. B. Through accurate calculations.
C. By a random guess. D. With professional guidance.
3. What did Mills think of the contents of the safe?
A. Exciting. B. Unexpected.
C. Impressive. D. Valuable.
Passage4
ARCTIC CIRCLE & NORTHERN LIGHTS TOUR
HIGHLIGHTS
Experience the Arctic Circle and amazing northern lights with us.
Cover a total of 400 miles in this 14-hour expedition.
Cross the broad Yukon River.
En-route, enjoy breathtaking views of Alaska, USA.
You may see moose, lynxes and foxes in their natural habitat.
ATTENTION: The Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) is a natural phenomenon and can not be guaranteed.
There is no refund (退款) if the Aurora Borealis does not appear.
PICKUP TIME
12:15 pm — 1:00 pm.
MEETING POINT
Your hotel in Fairbanks.
WHAT TO EXPECT
1:00 pm — Departure from Fairbanks.
Trans-Alaska-Pipeline. — Get a close-up view of the famous pipeline and learn interesting facts about the
engineering and building period.
Arctic Circle — Have your picture taken at the Arctic Circle and receive your Arctic Circle Certificate.
Yukon River — Walk right to the edge of Alaska's most famous river.
3:00 pm — Arrival at your hotel in Fairbanks.
On the return journey to Fairbanks we pass many sites, which are perfect: for possible northern lights viewing.
We provide ham (or veggie) sandwich, chips, sweets, two bottles of water and hot drinks. Please feel free to
bring extra food.
CANCELLATION POLICY
Cancellations 30 days ahead of tour date are subject to 5% banking charge.
Cancellations within 30 days are non-refundable.
IMPORTANT
A minimum of 2 people is required for online booking. Single travelers and short notice reservations (within 7
days of tour date) always' have to contact us for availability at info@1stAlaskaTours.com or 907-590-5900.
1. Which service does the tour include?
A. Free airport pickup. B. A 14-hour group tour.
C. Three quick meals. D. Photo taking and printing.
2. What can guests surely do on the tour?
A. See some wild animals. B. Enjoy amazing northern lights.
C. Get an Arctic Circle Certificate. D. Go through the Trans-Alaska-Pipeline.
3. Which of the following cases is refundable?
A. Not seeing northern lights. B. Not crossing the Yukon River.
C. Booking within 7 days of tour date. D. Cancelling a month before tour date.
4. Where can the text probably be found?
A. On a tour homepage. B. On a science website.
C. In a photography journal. D. In a geography textbook.
专家押题
Passage 1
Four ways the increasingly mobile workforce is transforming office style
More breakout spaces and rest areas
While some people tend to work more productively in a traditional desk-and-chair arrangement, others feel
better when they’re working from a sofa or bean-bag chair. That’s why offices are creating a new mixture of
furniture zones that offer both laid-back and traditional seating options.
Smaller offices, smaller carbon footprint
There are huge bonuses, both financially and environmentally, to offices employing more remote workers. For
employers, less people in the office equals less needed space-meaning they can save huge amounts of money by
renting or building smaller office spaces, and by using less energy and water, lowering their utility bills. For
employees, smaller offices in turn will reduce air pollution and help create a smaller carbon footprint.
Designated desks are no longer the norm
The days of cubicles(小隔间) and assigned desk stations are finally coming to an end. As more office
employees start working from home full-time or only come into work on certain days of the week, it makes no
sense for employers to keep individual, assigned desks around for everyone.
Technology that cuts the barrier between office and home
When offices have more employees working from home - or even from other countries -it’s vital to have the
proper technology to connect people together easily. To do this, offices are using VoIP phones, which make phone
calls through the internet rather than regular landlines, to help employees around the world appear as though they’re
calling from the office.
1. What is the advantage of smaller offices?
A. There are huge bonuses to the workers in the office.
B. The employers can employ less people, reducing salary.
C. They’re environment-friendly and save the office cost.
D. More employees are seated working in the smaller space.
2. Why are the individual, assigned desks not kept in the office?
A. More employees seldom work in the office. B. Nobody makes the desks any longer.
C. The price of the desks is greatly high. D. The employers come to work in turn.
3. What makes it possible for employees around the world to work from home?
A. More breakout spaces and rest areas.
B. Renting or building smaller offices.
C. Cubicles and designated desk stations.
D. Technology that connects people together easily.
Passage 2
Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her
dad’s developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, "Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly
what had happened to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and
arranged to meet him, but he never showed up as he’d forgotten. That’s when I knew something serious had
happened."
So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every
day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.
Besides challenging moments, there was a time when looking after her dad was a pure joy. "We’d wake up,
I’d ask what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure is, off we’d go."
Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with
him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer’s disease was genetic meaning there was a fifty-fifty
chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in
August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition within a decade.
At first, she struggled, feeling as if her life lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of
2018, she decided at around 2 a.m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimer’s
Society and Alzheimer’s Research UK.
She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimer’s disease and to encourage people to talk
about it more openly. "I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldn’t know how to react, but I want to be honest
and open," she added. "The more information we can get, the less of a taboo(忌讳) we will feel. That said, the
support I’ve received so far after going public has been amazing — that’s what is carrying me through."
1.Laura noticed her father’s dementia when ____.
A.her father told her his condition in person
B.people nearby informed her of his father’s condition
C.her father forgot his own birthday party
D.her father forgot to attend her 21-year-old birthday party
2.The underlined word "agonised" in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.
A.excited B.struggled
C.shocked D.delighted
3.Laura started the open talk in the hope of _______.
A.getting people to talk about Alzheimer’s disease openly
B.earning some money to help treat her Alzheimer’s disease
C.making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimer’s disease
D.raising funds for charities Alzheimer’s Society and Alzheimer’s disease Research UK
4.Which words can best describe Laura?
A.Caring and positive. B.Careful and honest.
C.Patient and cautious. D.Devoted and modest.
Passage3
Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats are disappearing.
The scientists studied the migration, or flight, paths, of almost 1,500 species and decided that 91 percent of
them passed through dangerous areas. The major danger for migratory birds is development. Building and paving
have covered over nature where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another.
For example, a bird called the bar-tailed godwit migrates from its breeding grounds in the Arctic. It flies all the
way to Australia and New Zealand. The problem, according to investigators, is that many of these small birds die
along their migration because they don't have a safe place to eat and rest. There is no place to restore their energy
for the next part of their journey. "They simply perish along the way," says one of the scientists.
Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult
time conserving land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds.
"Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,’’ one of the scientists says.
The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopover areas for birds that pass
through their boundaries.
For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might
not. A bird might die.
One scientist who is not involved in the report tells the Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are
changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds. He says small changes—like planting more
native plants or keeping cats out of areas birds would be likely to use—could make a big difference.
1. What’s the major danger for migratory birds according to the passage?
A. They can’t find enough food along the way.
B. They have lost their way because of human development.
C. Human development has occupied their natural habitats.
D. They are sometimes struck by human diseases.
2. What do we know about bar-tailed godwits?
A. They fly from the Arctic south to Australia every year.
B. They can pick out good resting place along the way.
C. They have died out because of human hunting.
D. They have their conserved land in Australia.
3. The countries along the migrating route need to ________.
A. fight the poverty of people to protect the birds
B. work together to conserve safe areas for birds
C. plant more trees to provide safe areas for birds
D. maintain a good relationship with neighboring countries
4. What suggestion does the scientist say to the Los Angeles Times?
A. Countries working together to protect the sea.
B. Protecting the original habitats for the migrating birds.
C. Reserving some land for the birds to rest along the way.
D. Planting some native plants for the migrating birds to use.
Passage4
A Dutch company has developed technology to follow the movements and activities of cows. The high-tech
system, powered by AI and motion sensors, is called “The Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant.” The company,
Connecterra, launched the system in the United States in December after several years of testing and operations in
Europe.
A device is put around the neck of the cow to record its movements. This information is then processed by a
computer that uses AI to learn about the animal’s behavior over time. The system can tell farmers what the cow is
doing in real time. This information can help predict when cattle get sick, become less productive or are ready for
mating.
Richard Watson owns the Seven Oaks Dairy in Waynesboro, Georgia. He was one of the first American
farmers to use the high-tech system.
“It can pick up whether the cow is eating, whether it is walking, whether it is drinking, whether it is laying
down, standing up.”
Watson said the system is a big help because it is impossible for farmers to keep up with the activities of each
cow individually. He added that having a computer identify which of his 2,000 cattle need attention could help
improve farm productivity by up to 10 percent. He estimates this difference could greatly increase his profits.
“Just a 10 percent or five percent increase or improvement in productivity, means hundreds of thousands of
dollars to us, aside from the fact that we just want happier and healthier and more welfare in our animals, anyway.”
The founder and head of Connecterra is Yasir Khokhar. He says the idea for the system came while he was
living on a dairy farm south of Amsterdam.
“It turns out the technology farmers use is really outdated in many aspects,” Khokhar told the Associated
Press. He added that most of the technology that does exist is difficult to use. He says modern agriculture greatly
needs new technology like this.
The company says information about the cows can be collected and seen on a cellphone or other mobile
device. A text message can also inform farmers of concerns involving the animals.
1. How does “the Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant” help farmers?
A. By giving alarms to farmers.
B. By focusing farmers’ attention on cattle.
C. By sending real-time information about cows to farmers.
D. By telling farmers which cow is less productive or ready to mate.
2. What’s Watson’s attitude towards the high-tech system?
A. Indifferent. B. Neutral. C. Passive. D. Confident.
3. Why did Khokhar come up with the idea of the high tech system?
A. Because he once lived on a diary farm.
B. Because some agricultural technologies were out of date.
C. Because he wanted to increase the income of farmers.
,
D. Because some farming systems turned out to be a failure.
4. What does the passage mainly talks about?
A. Modern agriculture in America.
B. Ways of raising cows more efficiently.
C. A Dutch company known as a high- tech system.
D. “Smart Farm” technology tracking behavior of cows.
秘籍 14 细节理解题（解析版）
考点归纳
高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。2019 年新课标全国卷考区及其他各考区的高考
试题中考查细节理解的题目占阅读理解题目总数的 54%左右。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信
息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我
们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常用特殊疑问句形式，如：以 when, where, what, which, who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题。
(1)What does the writer pay the least attention to?
(2)Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of.../relationship of....?
(3)What is special about...?
(4)Why do the researchers develop...?
(5)Why does Bechtel prefer to...?
做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键
性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文
章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获
取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地
将他们回忆起来。
细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：
题型一 描写类细节题
描写类细节题，常常考察考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发
展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，
对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。
典型剖析
(2019 新课标卷 II,B)
“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual
reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for
an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the
single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even
on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The
unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.
Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able
to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced
oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled
with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社
区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if
others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志
愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。
26.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及 the same parent ends up becoming an
invaluable member of the team 可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮
手。故选 D。
27.B 【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句 Connecting to the
community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just
feels so good.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选 B。
题型二 信息寻找题、广告阅读题
广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。属应用文体。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广
告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）
正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采
用“题干定向法”。
（1）补全成分法
省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结
合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver wanted. 根据文义，可将该句补充
为：A driver will be wanted. (招聘一名司机)。
（2）联想推测法
在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，
充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。
典型剖析
(2019·新课标全国卷 I，A)
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The
deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people
under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.
Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and
run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects
for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer
positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for
persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth.
B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【文章大意】
本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。
21.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer Company 部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards
of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer Company 经营他们新的业务提供
奖励”。故选 B。
22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students
aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，这个项目要求年龄在 16-17
岁之间。故选 D。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Employment Opportunities 部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is
eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知 Summer
Employment Opportunities 有些职位是给残疾人的。故选 D。
题型三 数据计算题
此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结
论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关
系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可
采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复
杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。
典型剖析
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has
been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit
(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe
that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages
between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too
became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the
nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications
in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English,
Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The
general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones
have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000;
Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over
800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are
spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly
speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan
Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these
seems to have much chance of survival.
30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.
C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言多样性的发展变化以及现在很多语言面临消亡的威胁这一现象。
【解析】B 数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.”可知，目前世
界上有大约 6 800 种语言；再根据“The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half
the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6 000，
也就是说有大约 3 400 种语言的使用人数少于 6 000。
题型四 排序题
这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。
做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范
围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说
明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高
考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
题型五 图文转换题
此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，
即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，
以便做题。
题型六 代词指代题解题技能
代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的
情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
典型剖析
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，C)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to
celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a
unifying (联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the
music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to
widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter
Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand
that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been
lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the
way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put
it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the
recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on
how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about
our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I
want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
28.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A.To remember the birth of jazz.
B.To protect cultural diversity.
C.To encourage people to study music.
D.To recognize the value of jazz.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Jazz becoming more accessible.
B.The production of jazz growing faster.
C.Jazz being less popular with the young.
D.The jazz audience becoming larger.
【文章大意】本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑战以及如何让爵士乐重新
流行的设想。
28.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a
unifying (联合) voice across cultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把 4 月 30 日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在
增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为 D。
29.C 【解析】代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词 that 指代上段“Despite the celebrations, though, in the
U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger
generations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。
误区点拨
针对细节理解题，阅读解题的实战技巧“四步走”：
一、 定区间
定区间是什么意思呢？定区间就是确定题目答案在短文中可能出现的大概位置。一篇阅读理解通常有 3-4 个
问题，问题的设置通常也是按照文章的先后顺序排列的。定好区间能够迅速找到问题的关键所在，有的放
矢，从而高效地解决问题。
那么如何定区间呢？定区间是由问题来决定的，所以做阅读先要看一下问题。看问题不是要把问题全部仔
细看一遍，通常浏览一下标题即可。看了问题定区间就并不很难了。猜词义、句意的题目的区间就是该词、
句的前后。
二、 细阅读
细阅读就是定好区间后，针对问题仔细阅读，寻求正确的答案。如何细阅读呢？长句子要认真分析，重点
地方用笔在卷子上划一划。很多阅读理解题就是以长难句作为依据考查学生的阅读理解能力的，
三、排差异
为了确保所作出的选项的正确性，我们还需要排除其它的三个选项，这好比数学里的验算，称之为排差异。
四、 加速度
上面所说的做第一步和第二步耽误了我们不少时间，为了提高阅读速度，保证按时完成任务，我们必须提
高速度。如何提高呢？就是在定了区间之后，其它的段落和句子要采取扫描法（scan）甚至是跳读法
（skip）。
锦囊妙计
细节题具体方法与步骤：
①排除干扰项 ，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰
项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是短文的要点活主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。
② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如 for example，first，second 等预测应该到何处
寻找自己所需要的事实。
③ 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈 Z 形扫视，直到找
到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义
词、代词等。
名校模拟
Passage1
My friend, Monty Roberts owns a horse ranch (养马场). The last time I was there he introduced me a story
like this: There was a young man who was the son of a horse trainer, who would go from stable (马厩) to stable,
race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. So the boy's school career was continually
interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew
up.
That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch. He wrote about
his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings,
the stables and the track. He also drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a
200-acre dream ranch. He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his
teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, “See
me after class.”
The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked why he received an F. The teacher said,
"This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You have no resources. Owning a
horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. There's no way you could ever do it... If you will
rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade.”
The boy went home and thought about it long and haul. He asked his father what he should do. His father said,
"Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you.”
Finally, after a week, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, “You can keep the F
and I'll keep my dream."
Monty then turned to me and said, "I tell you this story because you are sitting in my 4, 000-square-foot house
in the middle of my 200-acre horse ranch. I still have that school paper framed over the fireplace.” He added, "The
best part of the story is that two years ago that same schoolteacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a
week. When the teacher was leaving, he said, “Look, Monty, when I was your teacher, I was something of a dream
stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids’ dreams. Fortunately you had enough ambition not to give up on
yours.”
1. How did the father deal with his son’s problem?
A. He did not pay attention to it.
B. He punished his son for the large red F.
C. He encouraged his son to make his own decision.
D. He scolded his son for the ridiculous plan.
2. What can we infer from the teacher's remarks in the last paragraph?
A. Skill comes by exercise.
B. Everybody's good at something.
C. It's great to have dreams.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
3. Why was Monty’s schooling continually interrupted?
A. Because he didn’t like his teacher.
B. Because he had to do much housework.
C. Because he refused to go to school sometimes.
D. Because his father always changed his working place.
4. What's the best title for the text?
A. A boy having no changes B. A boy following his heart
C. A boy holding on to his dream D. A boy owning a horse ranch
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Monty Roberts 的故事，要坚持自己的梦想，最终成功。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段的“His father said, "Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on
this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you.””可知，父亲让儿子自己做决定。故选 C 项。
2.D 【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段的“The best part of the story is that two years ago that same schoolteacher
brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a week.”与“Look, Monty , when I was your teacher, I was something
of a dream stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids’ dreams. Fortunately you had enough ambition not to
give up on yours.”可以推断出 Monty 一直坚持自己的志向梦想不放弃并且成功了，这就是“有志者事竟成”。
故选 D 项。
3.D 【解析】细节理解题。由第一段中的“There was a young man who was the son of a horse trainer, who would
go from stable(马厩) to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. So the
boy's school career was continually interrupted.”可知，因为 Monty 的父亲经常换工作地点，他才经常中断学业。
故选 D 项。
4.C 【解析】主旨大意题。由倒数第二段中的“Finally, after a week , the boy turned in the same paper, making no
changes at all. He stated, “You can keep the F and I'll keep my dream."”和最后一段的“Monty then turned to me
and said, “I tell you this story because you are sitting in my 4, 000-square-foot house in the middle of my 200-acre
horse ranch”.”可以得出 Monty 坚持了自己的梦想并取得了成功，所以标题“坚持梦想的男孩”切题。故选C
项。
Passage2
American Grace Brown is keeping busy during her first year of high school.She studies all the
required subjects,such as English,history and mathematics,as well as taking classes in Latin.She also
sings in a music group and plays the piano.The school day lasts from about eight o'clock in the
morning to three in the afternoon.But because of her many activities,she has no time for a class in
physical education,or PE.
So Grace is getting school credit for virtual PE.She wears a fitness tracker called Fitbit that the high school
provided.She wears the Fitbit on her arm while doing exercises lasting 30 minutes or longer three times a
week.Her computer has a software program that records her activity which she can present for credit.
A PE teacher may not be guiding the Fitbit-wearing students in person.But teachers do lead students' work by
setting goals such as fat burn,using the technology as their eyes and ears."We certainly exercise more in online
PE,"Brown said."There's a lot of standing around in regular PE.Online,I do much harder
workouts."
Grace's mother,Rhonda Brown,remembers how hard PE class and softball games were for her
because of blindness in one eye.She would like to see Fairfax County give students permission to avoid PE if they
play school sports.
＂We're so stuck in the traditional classroom setting.These kids are burning 2,000 calories(卡路里）during a
practice and more at every game,"Rhonda said."I wish the schools would catch up with the times."
It is not clear how many schools are supporting the trend.Technology and the collection of any
student data always raise the problem of student privacy concerns."There is a difference between physical activity
and physical education,"said Chris Hersl.Physical activity is great for the body.We want everybody to move,but
physical education is a class where students are taught how to move their body and the social context in which to
do that."
1.Why does Grace take virtual PE?
A.She is busy with school activities.
B.She prefers something new.
C.She has interest in wearable technology.
D.She loves being tracked while doing PE.
2.What do PE teachers do while their students are doing virtual PE?
A.Provide some guidance in the flesh.
B.Help students get good personal exercise.
C.Teach students how to wear a fitness tracker.
D.Monitor students with technology all day.
3.Why did Rhonda always avoid playing games at school?
A.She couldn't catch up with the times.
B.She was often stuck in traditional exercise.
C.She couldn't burn 2,000 calories per game.
D.She was blind in one of her eyes.
4.What does Chris stress in his words?
A.Wearable technology threatens students 'privacy.
B.Physical activities need students' teamwork.
C.PE is also about students' social connection.
D.Online PE collects a lot of students' data.
【文章大意】
本文一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着科技的发展，学生们利用可穿戴技术进行网络虚拟体育活动的情况。
1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂American Grace Brown is keeping busy during her first year of high
school...She also sings in a music group and plays the piano.”的信息可知，Grace 每天在学校里非常忙碌，她没
有时间上体育课，所以选择上虚拟体育课。故选 A。
2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的＂But teachers do lead students' work by setting goals such as fat
burn,using the technology as their eyes and ears.”的信息可知，老师们可以通过虚拟体育课，为学生设定目标来
引导学 生们锻炼，比如燃烧脂肪。故选 B。
3.D 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第四段的＂Graces mother,Rhonda Brown,remembers how hard PE class and
softball games were for her because of blindness in one eye.”的信息可知，她的一只眼睛失明了，因此不愿意上
体育课。故选 D。
4.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的＂We want everybody to move,but physical education is a class
where students are taught how to move their body and the social context in which to do that.”的信息可知，Chris 认
为体育课是一种和他人建立社交联系的形式。故选 C。
Passage 3
Over the years, the small Vermilion Heritage Museum in Alberta, Canada, tried everything in its power to
unlock an old safe (保险箱) in its basement: The museum hired blacksmiths, called the manufacturer, contacted
former employees and challenged visitors to play around with the safe but nobody had any success.
Until last month, when a visitor to Vermilion cracked the code (密码) on his first try, much to the
astonishment of everyone present.
Stephen Mills, from Fort McMurray, Alberta, was on a family camping trip with his wife and his two children.
After giving the Mills' family a tour of the whole building, the museum volunteer showed them the objects in the
basement, including the mysterious safe.
It originally had belonged to the town's Brunswick Hotel which opened in the early 1900s. When the hotel
shut down in the late 1970s, the safe was locked: —and so it had remained.
“It was like a time capsule, nobody had any idea of what was in there,” said Mills.
Like other visitors, Mills was offered the chance to take a crack at opening it.
“Just like you see in the movies,” he said, “I looked at the dial and I saw the numbers were running from 0 to
60. So I thought in my head 20-40-60. I did a particular combination which is three on the right, two on the left, and
one on the right, tried the handle … and it opened!””
“It was a 100% guess.” he said. “I was fully amazed. I stepped back a lttle bit and thought,
“I'm buying a lottery ticket tonight!””
The contents of the safe proved a little disappointing.
“Unfortunately, there wasn't what we thought was there,” Mills said. “Some papers, old checks, a waitress'
notebook, and a receipt from the hotel. That's it.”
Nonetheless, Mills said everyone was excited about the lucky guess. “My children kept screaming “We beat
the code! We beat the code!” he said.
1. Who unlocked the mysterious safe?
A. A visitor. B. A volunteer.
C. A blacksmith. D. An employee.
2. How did Mills unlock the old safe?
A. After several attempts. B. Through accurate calculations.
C. By a random guess. D. With professional guidance.
3. What did Mills think of the contents of the safe?
A. Exciting. B. Unexpected.
C. Impressive. D. Valuable.
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，加拿大阿尔伯塔省的小朱砂文物博物馆想尽一切办法让锁匠、员工和游客
打开地下室的一个旧保险箱，但没有人成功；但直到上个月，一位游客在第一次尝试时破解了密码，这让
在场的每个人都非常惊讶。
1.A 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段的句子“Until last month, when a visitor to Vermilion cracked the code (密
码) on his first try, much to the astonishment of everyone present.”可知，直到上个月，Vermilion 的一位游客在
第一次尝试时破解了密码，这让在场的每个人都非常惊讶；所以打开保险箱的是一位游客。故选 A 项。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第五段 句子“So I thought in my head 20-40-60. I did a particular combination
which is three on the right, two on the left, and one on the right, tried the handle ... and it opened!”和倒数第四段的
句子““It was a 100% guess.” he said. “I was fully amazed.””可知，所以是通过随机猜测打开保险箱的。故选 C
项。
3.B 【解析】推理判断题。由倒数第三段的句子“The contents of the safe proved a little disappointing.”和倒数
第二段的句子““Unfortunately, there wasn't what we thought was there,” Mills said. “Some papers, old checks, a
waitress' notebook, and a receipt from the hotel. That's it.”可知，Stephen Mills 认为保险箱里的东西让人失望，
很出乎意料。故选 B 项。
Passage4
ARCTIC CIRCLE & NORTHERN LIGHTS TOUR
的
HIGHLIGHTS
Experience the Arctic Circle and amazing northern lights with us.
Cover a total of 400 miles in this 14-hour expedition.
Cross the broad Yukon River.
En-route, enjoy breathtaking views of Alaska, USA.
You may see moose, lynxes and foxes in their natural habitat.
ATTENTION: The Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) is a natural phenomenon and can not be guaranteed.
There is no refund (退款) if the Aurora Borealis does not appear.
PICKUP TIME
12:15 pm — 1:00 pm.
MEETING POINT
Your hotel in Fairbanks.
WHAT TO EXPECT
1:00 pm — Departure from Fairbanks.
Trans-Alaska-Pipeline. — Get a close-up view of the famous pipeline and learn interesting facts about the
engineering and building period.
Arctic Circle — Have your picture taken at the Arctic Circle and receive your Arctic Circle Certificate.
Yukon River — Walk right to the edge of Alaska's most famous river.
3:00 pm — Arrival at your hotel in Fairbanks.
On the return journey to Fairbanks we pass many sites, which are perfect: for possible northern lights viewing.
We provide ham (or veggie) sandwich, chips, sweets, two bottles of water and hot drinks. Please feel free to
bring extra food.
CANCELLATION POLICY
Cancellations 30 days ahead of tour date are subject to 5% banking charge.
Cancellations within 30 days are non-refundable.
IMPORTANT
A minimum of 2 people is required for online booking. Single travelers and short notice reservations (within 7
days of tour date) always' have to contact us for availability at info@1stAlaskaTours.com or 907-590-5900.
1. Which service does the tour include?
A. Free airport pickup. B. A 14-hour group tour.
C. Three quick meals. D. Photo taking and printing.
2. What can guests surely do on the tour?
A. See some wild animals. B. Enjoy amazing northern lights.
C. Get an Arctic Circle Certificate. D. Go through the Trans-Alaska-Pipeline.
3. Which of the following cases is refundable?
A. Not seeing northern lights. B. Not crossing the Yukon River.
C. Booking within 7 days of tour date. D. Cancelling a month before tour date.
4. Where can the text probably be found?
A. On a tour homepage. B. On a science website.
C. In a photography journal. D. In a geography textbook.
【文章大意】
这是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式，从（旅游）亮点、接待时间、见面地点、期待项目、取消政策和重
要事项等方面介绍了北极圈和北极光之旅。
1.B 【解析】细节理解题。由 HIGHLIGHTS（亮点）下面的句子“Cover a total of 400 miles in this 14-hour
expedition.”可知，全程 400 英里，共 14 小时的探险，所以这是一个 14 小时的旅游团。故选 B 项。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。由WHAT TO EXPECT（期待项目）下面的句子“Arctic Circle — Have your picture
taken at the Arctic Circle and receive your Arctic Circle Certificate.”可知，在期待项目中，可以在北极圈拍照并
领取北极圈证书。故选 C 项。
3.D【解析】 细节理解题。由 CANCELLATION POLICY（取消政策）下面的句子“Cancellations 30 days
ahead of tour date are subject to 5% banking charge.”可知，在旅游日期前 30 天取消预订将收取 5%的银行手续
费，说明提前一个月取消旅行，可以退款。故选 D 项。
4.A 【解析】推理判断题。由大标题ARCTIC CIRCLE & NORTHERN LIGHTS TOUR（北极圈和北极光
之旅），和小标题 HICHLIGHTS（亮点），PICKUP TIME（接待时间），MEETING POINT（见面地点），
WHAT TO EXPECT（期待项目），CANCELLATION POLICY（取消政策）和 IMPORTANT（重要事项）
可知，这是一篇旅游广告，可能会出现在旅游主页上。故选 A 项。
专家押题
Passage 1
Four ways the increasingly mobile workforce is transforming office style
More breakout spaces and rest areas
While some people tend to work more productively in a traditional desk-and-chair arrangement, others feel
better when they’re working from a sofa or bean-bag chair. That’s why offices are creating a new mixture of
furniture zones that offer both laid-back and traditional seating options.
Smaller offices, smaller carbon footprint
There are huge bonuses, both financially and environmentally, to offices employing more remote workers. For
employers, less people in the office equals less needed space-meaning they can save huge amounts of money by
renting or building smaller office spaces, and by using less energy and water, lowering their utility bills. For
employees, smaller offices in turn will reduce air pollution and help create a smaller carbon footprint.
Designated desks are no longer the norm
The days of cubicles(小隔间) and assigned desk stations are finally coming to an end. As more office
employees start working from home full-time or only come into work on certain days of the week, it makes no
sense for employers to keep individual, assigned desks around for everyone.
Technology that cuts the barrier between office and home
When offices have more employees working from home - or even from other countries -it’s vital to have the
proper technology to connect people together easily. To do this, offices are using VoIP phones, which make phone
calls through the internet rather than regular landlines, to help employees around the world appear as though they’re
calling from the office.
1. What is the advantage of smaller offices?
A. There are huge bonuses to the workers in the office.
B. The employers can employ less people, reducing salary.
C. They’re environment-friendly and save the office cost.
D. More employees are seated working in the smaller space.
2. Why are the individual, assigned desks not kept in the office?
A. More employees seldom work in the office. B. Nobody makes the desks any longer.
C. The price of the desks is greatly high. D. The employers come to work in turn.
3. What makes it possible for employees around the world to work from home?
A. More breakout spaces and rest areas.
B. Renting or building smaller offices.
C. Cubicles and designated desk stations.
D. Technology that connects people together easily.
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日益流动的劳动力正从四个方面改变着办公室风格。
1.C 【 解 析 】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中 For employers, less people in the office equals less needed
space-meaning they can save huge amounts of money by renting or building smaller office spaces, and by using
less energy and water, lowering their utility bills. For employees, smaller offices in turn will reduce air pollution
and help create a smaller carbon footprint.可知，较小的办公室优点是环保，节省办公成本。故选 C。
2.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中 As more office employees start working from home full-time or only
come into work on certain days of the week, it makes no sense for employers to keep individual, assigned desks
around for everyone.可知，分配给个人的桌子不在办公室里是因为越来越多的员工很少在办公室工作。故选A。
3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 When offices have more employees working from home - or even
from other countries -it’s vital to have the proper technology to connect people together easily.可知当办公室里有
更多的员工在家办公——甚至是来自其他国家——拥有合适的技术来方便地将人们联系在一起是至关重要
的。由此可知，是使人们很容易联系在一起的技术让全世界的员工都可以在家工作。故选 D。
Passage 2
Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her
dad’s developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, "Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly
what had happened to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and
arranged to meet him, but he never showed up as he’d forgotten. That’s when I knew something serious had
happened."
So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every
day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.
Besides challenging moments, there was a time when looking after her dad was a pure joy. "We’d wake up,
I’d ask what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure is, off we’d go."
Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with
him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer’s disease was genetic meaning there was a fifty-fifty
chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in
August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition within a decade.
At first, she struggled, feeling as if her life lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of
2018, she decided at around 2 a.m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimer’s
Society and Alzheimer’s Research UK.
She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimer’s disease and to encourage people to talk
about it more openly. "I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldn’t know how to react, but I want to be honest
and open," she added. "The more information we can get, the less of a taboo(忌讳) we will feel. That said, the
support I’ve received so far after going public has been amazing — that’s what is carrying me through."
1.Laura noticed her father’s dementia when ____.
A.her father told her his condition in person
B.people nearby informed her of his father’s condition
C.her father forgot his own birthday party
D.her father forgot to attend her 21-year-old birthday party
2.The underlined word "agonised" in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.
A.excited B.struggled
C.shocked D.delighted
3.Laura started the open talk in the hope of _______.
A.getting people to talk about Alzheimer’s disease openly
B.earning some money to help treat her Alzheimer’s disease
C.making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimer’s disease
D.raising funds for charities Alzheimer’s Society and Alzheimer’s disease Research UK
4.Which words can best describe Laura?
A.Caring and positive. B.Careful and honest.
C.Patient and cautious. D.Devoted and modest.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Laura Sides 的故事，她经历了命运中的坎坷，但是之后便振作了起来，决定参
加马拉松比赛，并且进行阿尔茨海默病方面的对话，鼓励人们更加公开地谈论这种病。
1.D 细节理解题。【解析】根据文章第一段最后两句“Then, I came home for my 21st birthday…That’s when I
knew something serious had happened”可知，Laura 的父亲忘记参加女儿的 21 岁生日会，在那时 Laura 意识到
父亲已患病。故选 D。
2.B 词义猜测题。【解析】根据上文中的“there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it”与划线词所在句
中的“whether to be tested”可推知，此处表示 Laura 几年来苦苦思索是否去检查一下，与 B 项词义接近。故选
B。
3.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据最后一段第一句She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset
Alzheimer’s disease and to encourage people to talk about it more openly 可知，作者公开谈论阿尔茨海默病是为
了鼓励人们公开谈论此病，故答案是 A。
4.A 推理判断题。【解析】通读全文内容可知， Laura 在得知父亲患阿尔茨海默病后离开学校照料他直至他
去世，后来得知自己也会得阿尔茨海默病，挣扎后便振作起来，先是决定参加马拉松比赛，接着围绕这种
病进行对话，鼓励人们更加公开地谈论它。由此判断，作者是一个关心他人又积极向上的人。故选 A。
Passage3
Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats are disappearing.
The scientists studied the migration, or flight, paths, of almost 1,500 species and decided that 91 percent of
them passed through dangerous areas. The major danger for migratory birds is development. Building and paving
have covered over nature where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another.
For example, a bird called the bar-tailed godwit migrates from its breeding grounds in the Arctic. It flies all the
way to Australia and New Zealand. The problem, according to investigators, is that many of these small birds die
along their migration because they don't have a safe place to eat and rest. There is no place to restore their energy
for the next part of their journey. "They simply perish along the way," says one of the scientists.
Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult
time conserving land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds.
"Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,’’ one of the scientists says.
The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopover areas for birds that pass
through their boundaries.
For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might
not. A bird might die.
One scientist who is not involved in the report tells the Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are
changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds. He says small changes—like planting more
native plants or keeping cats out of areas birds would be likely to use—could make a big difference.
1. What’s the major danger for migratory birds according to the passage?
A. They can’t find enough food along the way.
B. They have lost their way because of human development.
C. Human development has occupied their natural habitats.
D. They are sometimes struck by human diseases.
2. What do we know about bar-tailed godwits?
A. They fly from the Arctic south to Australia every year.
B. They can pick out good resting place along the way.
C. They have died out because of human hunting.
D. They have their conserved land in Australia.
3. The countries along the migrating route need to ________.
A. fight the poverty of people to protect the birds
B. work together to conserve safe areas for birds
C. plant more trees to provide safe areas for birds
D. maintain a good relationship with neighboring countries
4. What suggestion does the scientist say to the Los Angeles Times?
A. Countries working together to protect the sea.
B. Protecting the original habitats for the migrating birds.
C. Reserving some land for the birds to rest along the way.
D. Planting some native plants for the migrating birds to use.
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。城市建设和工业化发展，使候鸟栖息地遭到破坏，这导致了大量鸟类物种的消失。呼吁
鸟类迁徙路线沿线的国家，为穿越其边界的鸟类提供安全的中途停留区，种植更多的本地植物或让猫远离
鸟类以此来保护鸟类。
1.C 推理判断题。【解析】根据第一段中“Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because
their habitats are disappearing.”与第二段中“The major danger for migratory birds is development. Building and
paving have covered over nature where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another.”可
知，鸟类最大的危险是因为人类的发展，导致鸟类没有栖息地。故选 C。
2.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据第三段中“a bird called the bar-tailed godwit migrates from its breeding grounds in
the Arctic. It flies all the way to Australia and New Zealand.”可知，它们每年从南极飞到北部的澳大利亚和新西
兰，故选 A。
3.B 细节理解题。【解析】根据第六段中“The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with
safe stopover areas for birds that pass through their boundaries.”可知，迁徙路线沿线的国家需要共同努力，保护
鸟类的安全区域。故选 B。
4.D 细节理解题。【解析】根据最后一段中“He says small changes—like planting more native plants or keeping
cats out of areas birds would be likely to use—could make a big difference.”可知，种植更多的本地植物或让猫远
离鸟类。所以科学家对 the Los Angeles Times 的建议是为迁徙的鸟类种植一些本土植物，故选 D。
Passage4
A Dutch company has developed technology to follow the movements and activities of cows. The high-tech
system, powered by AI and motion sensors, is called “The Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant.” The company,
Connecterra, launched the system in the United States in December after several years of testing and operations in
Europe.
A device is put around the neck of the cow to record its movements. This information is then processed by a
computer that uses AI to learn about the animal’s behavior over time. The system can tell farmers what the cow is
doing in real time. This information can help predict when cattle get sick, become less productive or are ready for
mating.
Richard Watson owns the Seven Oaks Dairy in Waynesboro, Georgia. He was one of the first American
farmers to use the high-tech system.
“It can pick up whether the cow is eating, whether it is walking, whether it is drinking, whether it is laying
down, standing up.”
Watson said the system is a big help because it is impossible for farmers to keep up with the activities of each
cow individually. He added that having a computer identify which of his 2,000 cattle need attention could help
improve farm productivity by up to 10 percent. He estimates this difference could greatly increase his profits.
“Just a 10 percent or five percent increase or improvement in productivity, means hundreds of thousands of
dollars to us, aside from the fact that we just want happier and healthier and more welfare in our animals, anyway.”
The founder and head of Connecterra is Yasir Khokhar. He says the idea for the system came while he was
living on a dairy farm south of Amsterdam.
“It turns out the technology farmers use is really outdated in many aspects,” Khokhar told the Associated
Press. He added that most of the technology that does exist is difficult to use. He says modern agriculture greatly
needs new technology like this.
The company says information about the cows can be collected and seen on a cellphone or other mobile
device. A text message can also inform farmers of concerns involving the animals.
1. How does “the Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant” help farmers?
A. By giving alarms to farmers.
B. By focusing farmers’ attention on cattle.
C. By sending real-time information about cows to farmers.
D. By telling farmers which cow is less productive or ready to mate.
2. What’s Watson’s attitude towards the high-tech system?
A. Indifferent. B. Neutral. C. Passive. D. Confident.
3. Why did Khokhar come up with the idea of the high tech system?
A. Because he once lived on a diary farm.
B. Because some agricultural technologies were out of date.
C. Because he wanted to increase the income of farmers.
D. Because some farming systems turned out to be a failure.
4. What does the passage mainly talks about?
,
A. Modern agriculture in America.
B. Ways of raising cows more efficiently.
C. A Dutch company known as a high- tech system.
D. “Smart Farm” technology tracking behavior of cows.
【语篇解读】
这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了一家荷兰公司开发出了跟踪奶牛运动和活动的一项技术，由人工智能
和运动传感器驱动的高科技系统被称为“智能奶农的助手”。文章说明了这套系统的工作原理，以及人们对此
的评价和看法，以及创始人开发这套系统的原因。
1.C 细节理解题。【解析】根据第二段中A device is put around the neck of the cow to record its movements. This
information is then processed by a computer that uses AI to learn about the animal’s behavior over time. The
system can tell farmers what the cow is doing in real time.可知，“智能奶农助手”通过向农民发送关于奶牛的实
时信息来帮助奶农。
2.D 推理判断题。【解析】根据第五段中Watson said the system is a big help because it is impossible for farmers
to keep up with the activities of each cow individually.可知，Watson 认为这个系统帮助很大，对其很有信心。
3.B 细节理解题。【解析】根据倒数第二段中“It turns out the technology farmers use is really outdated in many
aspects,” Khokhar told the Associated Press.可知，Khokhar 提出了这个高科技系统的想法是因为一些农业技术
已经过时了。
4.D 主旨大意题。【解析】根据第一段中A Dutch company has developed technology to follow the movements
and activities of cows. The high-tech system, powered by AI and motion sensors, is called “The Intelligent Dairy
Farmer’s Assistant.”并结合文章可知，本文说明了这套系统的工作原理，以及人们对此的评价和看法，以及
创始人开发这套系统的原因。所以短文主要是关于“智能农场”技术跟踪奶牛的行为。
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