1
秘籍 16 主旨大意题
考点归纳
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一， 旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和
归纳能力。此类题数量较大，在 15 个题中约占 2-3 个。
◆主旨大意题的分类
1. 从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种
①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻
找或总结。
2. 考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种
①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；
②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；
③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：
1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4. 常以 main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。
◆常考问题：2
1. 中心思想类
The main point /idea of the passage is…
The passage is mainly about…
The passage mainly discusses…
The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
2. 标题类
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The best title for the passage would be …
3. 目的类
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …
The passage is meant to ….
In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…
【名师指导】
文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
1. 中心主题句出现在文首
开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见
的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。
新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对
全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。
典例剖析3
(2019 课标卷 III)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western
creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief
creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of
China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of
Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.
The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns
that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion--they
are central to its movement. “Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of
the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.” Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are
taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hil.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most
famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just
another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about
China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally
acknowledging that in many ways."
1. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
2. What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.4
3. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from B. looking down onC. working with D. competing against
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
【文章大意】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多
方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
1.B 细节理解题。【解析】答案定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge
interest in Chinese influences.可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者。
2.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell
dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are
central to its movement . 可知，Hill 说中国女性开创了新时尚。
3.D 词义猜测题。【解析】根据下文and beating them hands down in design and sales 推断出上文 Vera Wang,
Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs 的意思是 Vera Wang、Alexander Wang
和 Jason Wu 正在与 Galliano、Albaz 和 Mare Jacobs 竞争。taking on 意思是“竞争”。
4.D 主旨大意题。【解析】根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western
creations.以及最后一段 If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction,
its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.可知，
这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”D。
2. 主题句出现在文尾5
在细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式，
即细节表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主题句则常位于末段。
典例剖析
(2019 课标卷 I，D)During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes,
which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and
teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes,
breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology
sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others
qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed
ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power
and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who
were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to
engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the
most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens
had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly
showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing,
kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to
positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for
learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?6
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
3. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Beer
C. Be the Best-You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲到研究表明，对别人好，讨人喜欢对人生活的各个方面有深远的有益影响。
1.C 推理判断题。【解析】根据第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and
jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status（在美好的小学时光里，我喜欢分享我的娃娃和笑话，这
让我保持了高高的社会地位。）由此推断出，作者在小学早期时，是一个慷慨的女孩。unkind 不友善的；lonely7
寂寞的；generous 慷慨的；cool 冷静的，故选 C。
2.A 主旨大意题。【解析】第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two
categories: the likable and the status seekers.（临床心理学教授 Mitch Prinstein 将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜
欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对 the likable 和 the status seekers 做了解释，所以
本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选 A。
3.B 推理判断题。【解析】根据第四段It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它
清楚地表明，可爱可以促使健全的调整），由此推断出，心理学教授 Mitch Prinstein 的研究表明，最有人望
的孩子适应性更强，故选 B。
4.A 主旨大意题。【解析】通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎，讨人喜欢
对人生活的各个方面有深远的有益影响。与选项 A“对别人好——最终，你的收获无穷无尽”一致，故选
A。
3. 首尾呼应的写作方法
为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，
前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
典例剖析
Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for
war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal.
The goal is a net. There are ten players on each team. Each player has a stick called “ cross”. The player hit a ball
into the net as many times as possible. Lacrosse is a very fast game because the players can catch and pass the ball
at a high speed with their sticks. Players often get great fun it playing lacrosse.
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the
lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.8
1.The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. How to Play Lacrosse
B. Lacrosse in Canada
C. The History of Lacrosse
D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
【答案】D
【解析】作者先后两次提到“长曲棍球在加拿大很受欢迎”，显然选项 D 最符合短文的主题。
4. 中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句
阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳
形成主题。该类型的试题则迎刃而解。
典例剖析
(2019 课标卷 II)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our
bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them
up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.
But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene
Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years,
Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a
solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says
Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than
‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of
year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at 9
time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These
kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his
students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?
A. They are hard to get rid of.B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear different forms. D. They damage the instruments.
2. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education
3. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?
A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs
C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.
B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.
D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.
【文章大意】
本文为说明文。本文介绍了 HUNCH 项目就是通过 Gordon 的学生找到如何杀死空间站的细菌这一技术，把
空间技术与带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，从而最终影响到大学入学。10
1.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据第一段中的“Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms
form our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours
cleaning them up each week.”可知，它们很难去掉。
2.D 推理判断题。【解析】根据第二段的 “HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with
NASA engineers. Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,...”与最后 HUNCH
program 的目的把空间技术与学校教育相结合。
3.A 细 节 理 解 题 。【解 析 】 根 据 第 三 段 中 的“I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the
year ,present it to NASA, ”“Engineers come and really do an in-person review，and ...It’s not a very nice thing at
times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA 的工程师要检查学生所做的产品。
4.D 主旨大意题。【解析】本文介绍了HUNCH 项目把如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术引入 Gordon 学校
的课堂，从而最终影响了大学入学。尤其是最后一段“HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and
practical life skills.”可知，本题的最佳答案为 D。
怎样给阅读文章整体加注标题
——高度概括法
对文章主旨大意的考察，不仅可以直接以理解段落及文章的主旨大意的形式出现，而且也可以用选择
或拟定文章标题的形式出现。因此，选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主
旨大意，再定标题。
标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它是段落中心思想最精练的表达形式。
标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。那么如何选
择文章的标题呢？
首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免
下列三种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②过度概括（多表现为脱离
本文章内容的发挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。
其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，
仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。精确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。
再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖。11
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为
核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。比如某一文章的中心句
为：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names on Thursday Nov. 18th
2004 in Beijing.
话题：Stamps
控制性概念：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names
标题：China issued 1st set of stamps on family names
典例剖析
(2019 天津卷)I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a
child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside.
I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say," I can't believe what's printed in the
newspaper this morning," made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom
and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend
to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It
seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many
doors. When mom said," The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf," I knew where the candy was. My progress in
reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more
slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to
make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I
liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find
myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and
mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write
down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.12
We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my
life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are
limitless.
1. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？
A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B. She was anxious to know what had happened.
C. She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D. She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
2. According to Paragraph 3，the author's reading of road signs indicates___________
A. her unique way to locate herself
B. her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D. her growing desire to know the world around her.
3. What was the author's view on factual reading？
A. It would help her update test-taking skills.
B. It would allow much room for free thinking.
C. It would provide true and objective information.
D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
4. The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.
A. explore a fantasy land
B. develop a passion for leaning13
C. learn about the adult community
D. get away from a confusing world
5. What could be the best title for the passage？
A. The Magic of Reading
B. The Pleasure of Reading
C. Growing Up with Reading
D. Reading Makes a Full Man
【文章大意】
本文为夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。
1.B 细节理解题。【解析】根据第二段主题句 I always wanted to know what my mom was reading.和 Hearing
mom say … made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself 可知，作者一直想知道妈妈在读什么。
作者抢过妈妈读的报纸，因为作者自己迫切想看一看报纸上写的内容，故选 B。
2.D 推理判断题。【解析】根据第三段 My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know
everything，可以推断出，让妈妈开车开慢一点，他能够读出所有路标，正是作者在阅读方面的进步引起了
他的好奇心，想要了解周围的一切，故选 D。
3.C 推理判断题。【解析】根据第四段第一句 Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was
factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my test.可知，小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅
读，读书是为了获取知识，考试得 A。因此事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息，故选 C。
4.D 细节理解题。【解析】根据第五段 By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a
wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone.可知，阅读
小说可以让作者避开复杂的现实而投入到小说中的世界中去，故选 D。
5.C 主旨大意题。【解析】根据上下文可知，作者以时间顺序回忆了自己的阅读经历和感悟，伴着阅读成长，
故选项 C 符合题意。14
误区点拨
锦囊妙计
主旨大意题主要考查考生对文章主旨大意的概括和归纳能力。主要有主题型和标题型 两类，题干中一
般有 main idea, topic, title, mainly about 等字眼。
1、快速解题法 此类题的阅读文章多属于议论文和说明文，其结构特点常表现为：提出问题——论述
问题——得出结论或阐明观点。考生对这一结构的掌握，有助于迅速掌握文章的主题，把 握文章的脉络，
从而快捷而准确地抓住文章或段落的中心思想。 解答此类题目的关键在于迅速抓住阅读文章的主题句。考
生只要找准了主题句，对于 阅读理解中的主旨大意题就迎刃而解了。 主题句的显著特点：主题句所表达
的意思具有明显的概括性；句子结构简单精练；文 章或段落中的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说
明、论证或扩展。 主题句的五种位置：①文首；②文尾；③首尾呼应；④文中；⑤没有主题句。 主题句
的确定方法：用浏览法（skimming） ，即只需选读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和 尾句等，重点搜索主题
线索和主题信息。
2、辨认主旨小窍门 ①段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句。 ②作者有意识地反复重复的观点通
常是主旨。 ③首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答可能就是文章主旨。 ④提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字
提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short 等。
3、答题基本步骤 ①阅读文章开头几句和最后几句，以便获得有关主题和中心思想的信息。 ②浏览文
章的其余部分，寻找能支撑和论证主题、中心思想的关键词。 ③仔细推敲各个选项，排除有明显错误或无
关信息的选项，从而选出最佳答案。
4、推敲正误小窍门 ①正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。 ②正确选项一般不出现细节信息，不
含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。 ③那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项一般是正确答案。 ④
四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个是正确答案。 ⑤干扰项特点：细节信息明显，
内容片面，以偏概全，只含局部信息，或是一句没有 展开论述的话，概括范围太宽或太窄，或是此选项没
有具体的内容。
名校模拟
Passage1 15
When it comes to success in business and success in life, there are few qualities as important as confidence.
People naturally have different levels of confidence. Some have a higher level of confidence than others do, but
even those whose confidence is lacking can learn to build their level of confidence and reach their most important
goals. Increasing self-confidence is one of the most common reasons people give for seeking the help of
psychologists and other professionals.
One of the many places where a greater level of confidence is useful is in the workplace. We all know how
difficult it can be, for instance, to ask the boss for a raise. This process can be extremely difficult for those who lack
confidence in their own abilities. After all, if you are unsure about your own abilities, how will you ever convince
your boss that you deserve more money for the work you do?
Even if you are not asking for that big raise, having plenty of confidence in your abilities is important to
success. If you are certain of your abilities, chances are that those around you, whether they are your coworkers,
your colleagues or your superiors(上级), will see that confidence, and that will help to assure them that you are the
best at what you do.
Being thought of as the person to go to, and being seen as an expert in your chosen field, is naturally very
important to success on the job. If you can make yourself the person people go to for guidance and advice, you will
help to protect yourself from the ever present danger of downsizing. After all, if you are a recognized expert at the
office, you will be regarded as an indispensable member of the team.
Having a high level of confidence, after all, does not mean overlooking the places where you could improve.
Knowing what you do well and where you need help will help you enjoy increased success and confidence.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The influence of confidence on one’s life.
B. The importance of confidence to success.
C. The difference of people’s confidence.
D. The judgment on one’s confidence.16
2. Psychologists and other professionals can offer help to those _____.
A. who think their goals are hard to reach
B. who expect to give guidance to others
C. who want to ask the boss for a raise
D. who dream to be recognized experts
3. What does the underlined word indispensable in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. important B. attractive C. outgoing D. energetic
4. What message does the author want to convey (传达) in the last paragraph?
A. To overlook one’s disadvantages.
B. To make full use of one’s advantages.
C. To have great confidence in one’s abilities.
D. To make objective(客观的) evaluations of one’s abilities.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们在生活和工作中信心是最重要的，还介绍了提升自己的自信心的方法。
1.B 主旨大意题。【解析】根据文章主题段第一段的 there are few qualities as important as confidence．说明几
乎没有别的品质比信心更重要了，接下来讲述了在各个方面信心的重要性。
2.A 细节判断题。【解析】根据第二段的 Increasing self confidence is one of the most common reasons people
give for seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals 自信心的提高是人们向心理学家和其他专业人
士求助的最常见的原因之一。人们向 Psychologists and other professionals 求助，说明他们能提供帮助。
3.A 词义猜测题。【解析】根据该句前半句 if you are a recognized expert at the office 如果你是办公室大家认可
专家，由此推断该单词的词义应是“重要的”。故选 A 项。
4.D 推理判断题。【解析】根据本段最后一句 Knowing what you do well and where you need help will help you
的17
enjoy increased success and confidence 可知，我们要对自己有客观的估计，要了解自己的优缺点。
Passage2
A house is the most expensive thing most people will buy. Very few people have enough money of their own
to buy a home, so they have to borrow money from a bank. Borrowing money from a bank to buy a house is called
“take a mortgage （抵押）”. The bank usually lends money or gives a mortgage for twenty-five years. Houses are
so expensive that many people nowadays have to borrow as much as $ 50 000. In other words, they will have a $ 50
000 mortgage.
How can you get a mortgage？ When you find a house you like, you go to a bank. The bank will research you
financial history and decide if they think you are a good risk. They will want to know what kind of job you have,
what kind of salary you make, and how long you have had the job. They will also want to know how much money
you have. In addition，the banks will require a down payment. Depending on which state you live in， the bank
may require as much as 30% of the-price of the house as a down payment. The bank will then lend you the rest of
the money to buy the house. Many people are never able to buy a house because they cannot save enough money
for the down payment.
5. What does a house mean in the United States？
A. It is a dream which many people can hardly realize.
B. It is so expensive that many people cannot really buy them.
C. It is the most important property that many people try to buy.
D. It doesn‘t belong to people if they can’t borrow money from the bank.
6. If American people borrow money from the bank for 25 years，this means that the person who borrows____
A. has twenty-five years to pay back the money
B. has more than twenty-five years to pay back the money
C. has less than twenty-five years to pay back the money18
D. has about twenty-five years to pay back the money
7. What does “down payment” refer to in the passage？
A. Money borrowed from a bank as a mortgage.
B. Money paid to a bank before the mortgages is given.
C. Interest received by a person who borrows money as the mortgages.
D. Interest charged by a bank on a mortgage.
8. The most suitable title for this passage would be _______.
A. How to Save Money on the House
B. How to Borrow Money from a Bank
C. How to Take a Mortgage
D. How to Buy a House
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了人们想要买房但钱不够时如何向银行抵押贷款。
1.C 推理判断题。【解析】根据第一段第一、二句“A house is the most expensive thing most people will buy. Very
few people have enough money of their own to buy a home, so they have to borrow money from a bank.”可知，房
子是大多数人会买的最贵的东西。很少有人有足够的钱自己买房子，所以他们不得不向银行借钱。由此可
推知，在美国房子是许多人试图购买的最重要的财产。
2.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据第一段第四句“The bank usually lends money or gives a mortgage for twenty-five
years.”可知，银行通常贷款或抵押 25 年。由此可知，如果美国人从银行借钱 25 年，这意味着借钱的人有 25
年的时间来还钱。
3.B 词义猜测题。【解析】根据第二段倒数第三句“Depending on which state you live in, the bank may require as
much as 30% of the-price of the house as a down payment.”可知，根据你所居住的州，银行可能会要求房价 30%
的首付款。由此可知，“down payment”与 B 选项“抵押贷款发放前付给银行的钱”意思相近。19
4.C 主旨大意题。【解析】纵观全文，尤其根据第一段第三句“Borrowing money from a bank to buy a house is
called “take a mortgage ””可知，本文主要介绍了人们想要买房但钱不够时如何向银行抵押贷款。由此可知，C
项“如何抵押贷款”概括了本文的核心内容，适合做标题。
Passage 3
So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument ，a misunderstanding，the
way we were raised，or some other painful events. Stubbornly，we wait for someone else to reach out to us —
believing this is the only way we can forgive orrekindlea friendship or family relationship.
A friend of mine，recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and
her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When
I suggested that she be the one to reach out，she said，“ I can't do that. He’s the one who should apologize. ” After a
little gentle encouragement，however，she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement，her son
was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case，when someone
takes the chance and reaches out，everyone wins.
Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn“ small stuff”问题）” into really “ big stuff” in our minds. We
start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more
peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be
happy. The way to be happy is to let go，and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're
wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go，as well as the joy of letting others be right.
You'11 also notice that，as you reach out and let others be “right”，they will become less defensive and more
loving toward you. They might even reach back. But，if for some reason they don't， that's okay too. You '11 have
the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world，and certainly you'11
be more peaceful yourself.
1.The underlined word “ rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”.
A. recover B. develop
C. accept D. replace20
2.In the author's opinion, we hold on to our anger often because we think .
A. we can turn small issues into big ones
B. our positions are higher than others
C. our own opinions matter most
D. others will be less defensive
3. The best thing to do after a quarrel is to .
A. let go of our own rights
B. realize that you are wrong.
C. expect others to give in
D. apologize to others first.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People should keep peaceful when facing small stuff.
B. Reaching out and apologizing wins one peace and happiness.
C. We should tell apart small and big stuff in our daily life.
D. It's necessary to enjoy our friendship and family relationship.
【文章大意】
本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。对生活中常见的如何处理人际关系加以叙述，议论。 通过身边发生的人和事，引
起读者思考，主动向别人伸出手，让别人是正确的，作出自己应该做的，使自己变得更平和。
1.A 猜测词义题。【解析】根据文章第一段最后一句 we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this
is the only way we can forgive orrekindlea friendship or family relationship.可知，我们等待着别人向我们伸出手
来，相信这是唯一的我们可以原谅别人，重新恢复友谊或家庭成员关系的方式。21
2.C 细节理解题。【解析】根据文章第三段第一句 Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn“ small stuff " into
really“ big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness.可知。
当我们心里还有愤怒的时候，我们在我们的想像中把小事转变成大事。我们开始相信我们的地位比我们的
快乐更重要。
3.D 推理判断题。【解析】考查上下文逻辑推理及语境理解。根据第二段给出的例子，以及最后的总结 As is
usually the case，when someone takes the chance and reaches out，everyone wins. 当某人利用机会，主动伸出
手， 大家就都赢了，可知 D 先向别人道歉为正确答案。
4.B 主旨大意题。【解析】通读全文可知，对生活中常见的如何处理人际关系加以叙述，议论。 通过身边发
生的人和事，引起读者思考，主动向别人伸出手，让别人是正确的，作出自己应该做的，使自己变
得更平和。文章讲的是主动示好，道歉会给人带来平和与快乐。
Passage4
Environmental experts warn that our planet is drowning in plastic.
The world’s cities produce 2 billion tons of trash every year. By the year 2050 that number is expected to rise
to 3 billion tons. The World Bank estimates that the largest amount of trash today, about 44 percent, is plastic. But
we often have to buy packaged goods. And often that packaging is made of plastic.
Now, that may be changing. A new environmentally-friendly shopping model was recently launched at the
World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. This shopping model, called Loop, aims to replace throwaway
containers with reusable ones.
Loop is the idea of Terra Cycle, an American-based recycling company. Its chief, Tom Szaky. told the
Associated Press (AP) that “removing plastics from the ocean is not enough.” He said the point is to get away from
single-use packages. Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it comes from an idea of the past.
He compared it to the “milkman model” of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk
to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result
is zero-waste.
Jennifer Morgan from the environmental non-profit organization Greenpeace also joined in the discussion 22
about Loop at Davos. She said that “Greenpeace welcomes the aim of the Loop Alliance to move away from
throwaway culture and disposability.” But Morgan questioned whether companies worldwide are ready to change
their business models.
Loop is set to launch later this year in three eastern U.S. states, and also in Paris, France and some of the
surrounding area. Then Loop plans to expand to the U.S. West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of
this year or 2020.
1. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A. Provide background information. B. Advocate zero-waste lifestyle.
C. Explain the reason for trash. D. Introduce a new topic.
2. Where does the idea “Loop” come from?
A. The World Economic Forum. B. Demand of some companies.
C. Zero-waste model. D. The milkman model.
3. Which countries is Loop expected to expand to by 2020?
A. United States and Switzerland. B. Switzerland and Britain.
C Canada and Britain. D. France and Canada.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A. A new shopping model. B. The development of future city.
C. The world’s environmental issue. D. The concerns of future shopping.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇环境保护类短文阅读。文章主要介绍美国一家公司推出一种新的“零浪费”购物模式。
1.A 推理判断题。【解析】根据文章第二段 The world’s cities produce 2 billion tons of trash every year. By the
year 2050 that number is expected to rise to 3 billion tons. The World Bank estimates that the largest amount of
.23
trash today, about 44 percent, is plastic. But we often have to buy packaged goods. And often that packaging is
made of plastic.可知，作者写本段目的是为下文提出新的购物模式提供背景信息。
2.C 细节理解题。【解析】根据文章第四段 Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it comes from an
idea of the past.和第五段 He compared it to the “milkman model” of the 1950s in the United States. Back then,
someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned
and used again. The result is zero-waste.判断，以 Loop 模式是一种可以杜绝零浪费的模式。
3.C 细节理解题。【解析】根据文章最后一段 Loop is set to launch later this year in three eastern U.S. states, and
also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding area. Then Loop plans to expand to the U.S. West Coast,
Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 2020.可知，Loop 计划在 2020 年前将业务扩大到加拿大
多伦多、美国西海岸和英国。
4.A 主旨大意题。【解析】根据文章第三段 A new environmentally-friendly shopping model was recently
launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍美国一家公司推
出一种新的“零浪费”购物模式。
专家押题
Passage1
Every year, millions of people make the same New Year’s resolution(决心): to lose weight. But there’s a
problem that requires as much resolution to change as weight: the societal prejudice surrounding weight and
obesity.
For decades, researchers have documented negative attitudes toward overweight people - a form of prejudice
known as “weight bias (偏见).” People with obesity are commonly viewed as lazy, unintelligent, unattractive, and
lacking willpower and self-control. Weight – based discrimination is found in educational, employment and health
care settings, yet minimal legal protection exists for those who are targeted. In addition to experiencing weight bias
from others, people with obesity tend to accept weight-biased beliefs, leading to lower self-worth.
Some people argue that bitter messages about weight are necessary to motivate those with obesity to take
responsibility for their health and lose weight. After all, critics say, it’s their own fault that they are “fat,” and, if 24
they really wanted to, they could control their weight. In this view, promoting body acceptance would only weaken
behavior change and encourage obesity.
The problem with this argument is that it flies in the face of hundreds of scientific studies showing the
negative health effects associated with experiencing and accepting weight-biased beliefs. The psychological effect
of being undervalued due to one’s weight may not seem surprising: increased risk for depression, anxiety, and even
self-harming thoughts and attempts in youth.
Also worth noting are the effects of weight bias on weight gain and obesity-related health. Studies show that
weight bias is stressful, and when people are under stress, they tend to eat more. Further, when people worry about
being judged due to their weight, they avoid fitness and health care setting.
In the coming year, whether or not weight loss is a goal, we can all make efforts to get rid of weight bias and
be a little kinder to ourselves and others.
1. What do we know about obese people?
A. They are fond of making resolutions.
B. They are lacking in self-control.
C. They care little about others’ opinions.
D. They tend to undervalue themselves.
2. Why do some people support bitter messages about weight?
A. They can encourage obese people to lose weight.
B. They can improve self-worth in obese people.
C. They can promote body acceptance.
D. They can relieve depression.
3. What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Confirms. B. Copies. C. Splits up. D. Goes against.25
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A healthy diet: good for your mind and body
B. New Year’s resolution: lose weight bias instead of weight
C. Control your weight by accepting the bitter messages readily
D. Eat your own way regardless of others’ thoughts
【文章大意】
这是一篇议论文。介绍了人们对超重的人存在的偏见和歧视 “weight bias”，驳斥了关于此问题的错误观点，
论述了它带来的危害。作者呼吁所有人共同抵制此偏见，并将此作为新年愿景。
1.D 细节理解题。【解析】根据第二段最后一句话 In addition to experiencing weight bias from others, people
with obesity tend to accept weight-biased beliefs, leading to lower self-worth.可知，肥胖者往往低估自己。
2.A 细节理解题。【解析】根据第三段第一句 Some people argue that bitter messages about weight are necessary
to motivate those with obesity to take responsibility for their health and lose weight.可知，有些人支持关于体重的
痛苦信息，因为他们认为它们可以鼓励肥胖者减肥。
3.D 词意猜测题。【解析】根据后文 hundreds of scientific studies showing the negative health effects associated
with experiencing and accepting weight-biased beliefs 可知，该观点与科学研究的结论是相违背的。故划线短
语意思为“违背”。
4.B 主旨大意题。【解析】根据最后一段 In the coming year, whether or not weight loss is a goal, we can all make
efforts to get rid of weight bias and be a little kinder to ourselves and others.可知，本文首尾呼应，作者呼吁将摆
脱体重偏见作为新年决心。中间段落介绍了此偏见的普遍性、存在的错误观点、带来的危害等。故 B 选项“新
年决心：丢掉体重偏见而不是减肥”符合文章标题。
Passage2
Not all bad emotions (情感) are necessarily bad. In fact, they can direct your behaviour in useful ways. If
you’re stuck in traffic, anger with the situation might motivate you to find an alternative route (线路), which will
then relieve your stress. But anger is less useful if you’re in the same situation, but stuck on a motorway with no 26
option to alter directions.
Emotions have physiological effects, such as raising the level of cortisol in your bloodstream, which can affect
your health. Indeed, a new study, published in Psychology and Aging, shows that high levels of anger are
associated with poor health in older people.
The Canadian study did the study on 226 adults aged 59-93. They took blood samples to assess levels of
chronic (慢性的) low-grade inflammation (炎症) and asked the participants to report any age-related chronic
illnesses they might have. The participants also completed a short questionnaire about the level of anger or sadness
they experienced in three typical days over a one-week period.
For the analysis, the researchers considered whether age could affect the results. They found that higher levels
of anger were associated with inflammation and ill health in the oldest participants (aged 80 and above), but not the
youngest ones (59-79 years). Sadness was not associated with inflammation or ill health in either age group.
The study is cross-sectional, meaning that it assessed a group of people at a single point in time. To get a fuller
understanding of the relationship between bad emotions and health, we need studies that follow participants for a
period of time — so-called prospective observation studies. Future studies should also take into account other
factors that might relate, such as other emotions, stress and personality.
Although this new research shows a link between emotion and health in older age, we do not know whether
anger causes inflammation and illness or whether health problems make people angrier.
1. What does the underlined word “alter” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Change. B. Control.
C. Measure. D. Operate.
2. Why were participants taken blood samples?
A. To analyze their levels of health.
B. To fill in the form of questionnaires.
C. To know the levels of some inflammation.27
D. To compare the change of anger in three days.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Anger is the greatest danger to health.
B. The influence of anger on illness is unclear.
C. People in poor health are easy to get angry.
D. Evidence is needed to prove the effect of health.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Adjusting Our Emotions Is Necessary
B. Bad Emotions Affect People’s Feelings
C. New Conclusions Make People Amazed
D. Anger Is Linked to Illness in Old Age
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，不是所有的负面情绪都是糟糕的，然而就老年人来说，愤怒有时会影响健
康。
1.A 词义猜测题。【解析】根据前句 If you’re stuck in traffic, anger with the situation might motivate you to find
an alternative route (线路), which will then relieve your stress.与划线词所在句意“但是如果你处于同一处境，卡
在高速公路没有其他的办法________路线时，愤怒就不会那么有用了”可知 alter 应该意为：更换，划线词与
Change 意思一致。故选 A。
2.C 细节理解题。【解析】根据第三段中的 They took blood samples to assess levels of chronic (慢性的)
low-grade inflammation (炎症) and asked the participants to report any age-related chronic illnesses they might
have.可知，抽取血样是为了了解某种炎症的程度。
3.B 推理判断题。【解析】根据最后一段 Although this new research shows a link between emotion and health in
older age, we do not know whether anger causes inflammation and illness or whether health problems make people 28
angrier.可知，愤怒对疾病的影响到目前还是不确定的。
4.D 主旨大意题。【解析】本文主要介绍了愤怒与老年人的疾病有关，如实验结果的由来、实施过程等，故
D 选项 Anger Is Linked to Illness in Old Age(愤怒与年老时的疾病有关)适合作本文的标题。
Passage 3
Pang Hui placed a few more pairs of chopsticks on the table for a family dinner, though she did not expect her
big family of seven would use them as serving chopsticks.
Surprisingly, her 75-year-old father, who used to shrug off the idea of serving chopsticks, became a firm
supporter this time, said Pang, 40, from Beihai, a coastal city of South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region.
Chinese people often share dishes, and diners use their own chopsticks to serve themselves food from the
shared dishes, a tradition now being challenged by the outbreak of novel coronavirus.
“We feel a sense of crisis as well as the urge to desert our old habits when we see reports of family infections,”
Pang said; pointing to the reports of the virus spreading via droplets (飞沫) and close contact.
Local governments are helping to encourage a shift, too. On Feb 10, local authorities of Beihai started a
campaign promoting serving chopsticks and spoons, which will avoid cross-infections caused by the use of
personal chopsticks.
Similar measures were also adopted in other cities like BeiJing, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Taizhou city in east
China's Jiangsu Province even standardized the colours of serving chopsticks and spoons to help diners differentiate
(区分) them from personal ones.
The government is also targeting the practice of eating wild animals, which remains present in certain areas.
China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals shortly after the outbreak.
The move became a permanent ban on Feb 24, when the country made a decision on thoroughly prohibiting
(禁止) the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.29
Li Bo with the Hainan International Center for Wildlife' Protection, said wild animal consumption could lead
to the faster extinction of particular species, damage the ecological balance and harm people's health.
“The epidemic (流行病) could become a turning point to eliminate the bad habit,” Li said.
1. What can we learn about Pang Hui’s family from the text?
A. Usually more than seven people dine together.
B. They have started to use serving chopsticks at table.
C. Pang Hui’s father opposes using serving chopsticks.
D. They don't know how to avoid being infected by the virus.
2. According to the text, what has been done by the government?
A. Sharing dishes has been abandoned.
B. Cross-infections have been prevented.
C. Eating wild animals has been forbidden.
D. Standard personal chopsticks have been adopted.
3. What does the underlined word "eliminate" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Explain. B. Discover.
C. Form. D. Remove.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Serving Chopsticks Promoted B. Ways to Help People Stay Healthy
C. Corona virus Leads to Change D. China Bans Trading of Wildlife
【文章大意】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，由于新冠肺炎的爆发，北海地方政府号召群众在餐桌上使用公共筷子和
,30
汤勺，以避免因使用个人筷子夹菜而引起的交叉感染，北京、上海、杭州等城市也采取了类似措施；针对
食用野生动物，疫情爆发后，中国停止了野生动物的非法交易和运输，这种流行病可能成为消除坏习惯的
一个转折点。
1.B 推理判断题。【解析】由第一段的“Pang Hui placed a few more pairs of chopsticks on the table for a family
dinner, though she did not expect her big family of seven would use them as serving chopsticks.”和第二段的
“Surprisingly, her 75-year-old father, who used to shrug off the idea of serving chopsticks, became a firm supporter
this time”可知，庞辉一家 7 口开始在餐桌上用公筷，连老父亲都无比赞同。故选 B 项。
2.C 细节理解题。【解析】由倒数第四段的“China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals
shortly after the outbreak.”和倒数第三段的“The move became a permanent ban on Feb 24, when the country made
a decision on thoroughly prohibiting (禁止) the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.”可
知，政府禁止吃野生动物。故选 C 项。
3.D 词义猜测题。【解析】由倒数第三段的“The move became a permanent ban on Feb 24, when the country made
a decision on thoroughly prohibiting (禁止) the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.”与
倒数第二段的“Li Bo, with the Hainan International Center for Wildlife' Protection, said wild animal consumption
could lead to the faster extinction of particular species, damage the ecological balance and harm people's health.”和
最后一段“The epidemic (流行病) could become a turning point to eliminate the bad habit,”可知，疫情爆发后，国
家禁止人们吃野生动物，所以，疫情是消除（吃野生动物）坏习惯的转折点，eliminate 在此处意为“消除”。
故选 D 项。
4.C 主旨大意题。【解析】由第五段的“On Feb 10, local authorities of Beihai started a campaign promoting serving
chopsticks and spoons, which will avoid cross-infections caused by the use of personal chopsticks.”、第六段的
“Similar measures were also adopted in other cities like BeiJing, Shanghai and Hangzhou.”和倒数第三段的“The
move became a permanent ban on Feb 24, when the country made a decision on thoroughly prohibiting (禁止) the
illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.”可知，新冠肺炎疫情发生后，社会上有一些变化，
即人们开始使用公筷和禁止吃野生动物。故选 C 项。
Passage4
From talking robots and video phones, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible 31
seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.
Why can’t we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University,
the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses (鼻病毒).
There are at least 160 types. They change so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs. In other words, a
single cure isn’t likely to work on every type of cold.
However, researchers from Stanford University have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that
the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.
To identify the gene which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a
gene-editing technique to test all genes one by one for thousands of cells. These modified (改变的) cells were then
exposed to a range of rhinoviruses which cause the common cold.
All the viruses were unable to copy inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called
methyltransferase (甲基转移酶) SETD3.
Then, they tested genetically modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice
were able to live healthy, normal lives without the protein.
“Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from the common cold,” associate professor Jan Carette,
from Stanford, told the BBC.
“These mice would always die, but they survived and we saw a very strong protection.”
Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can keep back the protein for a limited time, rather than produce
genetically modified humans.
“We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus
really has no chance,” said Carette.
1. Why does the author mention talking robots and video phones in the first paragraph?
A. To stress the importance of technology.
B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.32
C. To introduce the topic of the text.
D. To recognize the progress of science.
2. What can we learn about the protein needed by the viruses?
A. It helps the viruses copy inside our bodies.
B. It stops the viruses from changing easily.
C. It protects the viruses against drugs.
D. It forces the viruses to spread fast.
3. What does Jan Carette intend to do?
A. To identify a fantastic target.
B. To slow copying speed of some genes.
C. To produce genetically modified humans.
D. To find a drug to temporarily block the protein.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. A New Experiment on Viruses.
B. New Defense Found for Viruses.
C. A Chemical Curing Modified Viruses.
D. Gene-editing Technology to Control Viruses.
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员通过试验发现了感冒病毒所需的蛋白质，我们可以通过阻断这种蛋白
质来防御感冒病毒。
1.C 推理判断题。【解析】根据第一段中的“And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.”与第三段中的33
“However, researchers from Stanford University have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the
viruses need.”可知，第一段提到会说话的机器人和可视电话就是为了引出文章主题——我们发现了防御感冒
病毒的新方法。
2.A 推理判断题。【解析】根据第五段“All the viruses were unable to copy inside cells without a gene that
produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase (甲基转移酶) SETD3.”可知，这种蛋白质有助于病毒在我们
体内复制。
3.D 细节理解题。【解析】根据倒数第二段中的“Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can keep back the
protein for a limited time,”可知，简·卡蕾特打算找到一种药物来暂时阻断蛋白质。
4.B 主旨大意题。【解析】通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“They discovered a protein that the viruses need.”
及最后一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员通过试验发现了感冒病毒所需的蛋白质，我们可以通过阻
断这种蛋白质来防御感冒病毒。
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