贵阳市四校2020届高三年级联合考试（六） 英语 有解析

贵阳市四校 2020 届高三年级联合考试(六)英语 贵阳民中 贵阳二中 贵阳八中 贵 阳九中 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写 清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干 净后,再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分 120 分,考试用时 100 分钟。 第一部分阅读理解 (共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Enjoy a Museum Visit with Your Class Available Programs: Art Tells a Story: By looking at the subject matter and by drawing from personal experiences , students can find the story in some works of art. ( A]l grades) Learning to Look: An interactive tour that explores a variety of art using stortelling, movements, music, games, and other techniques belps introduce children to a museum. ( Preschool ~ Grade 3) Native American Collection: This program explores relationships that exist between art, culture , the geographic location and natural resources. Students will see a bowl made by Maria Martinez, a Towa storyteller, a Northwest coast mask, and Inuit clothing. ( For Grades 2~5) The Language of Art: Classes are welcomed into the museum to take part in an interactive tour of American Art. It gives participants a new set of vocabulary while helping them feel comfortable. Art-on-the-Move: Teachers may borrow suitcases flld with art objects. Free organizations with Education Membership. Planning Your Visit: Booking: Booking is necessary for all tours and programs. Please book at least a week in advance. Teachers are encouraged to organize self-guided visits for their classes during public hours. Tour Hours: Tours can be organized between 9: 30 a. m. and 5: 00 p. m. on weekdays. Program Fees: Tours are free for those with Education Membership. There is a charge. of $6 per . student of non-member organizations. Tour with art activities cost $ 12 per student ( non- members) or $ 10 per student ( members). Protector: We require one adult protector for every 10 children. Chaperones help to you’re your museum visit a success. A chaperone must pay $5 admission. Lunch: We regret that no lunch facilities are available at the museum. Museum Rules: Don't touch works of art. Don't take photographs. Ask questions: Look, and then L00K again! Enjoy! 1. If teachers want their students to learn about what a museum is, they will choose A. Art Tells a Story B. Learning to Look C. The Language of Art D. Native American Collection 2. How much should the museum charge a class of 60 students with Education Membership for a tour with art activities? A. $ 600. B. $630. C. $720. D. $ 750. 3. What do teachers need to do before leading their classes to the museum? A. To make bookings ahead of time. B. To try to get Education Membership. C. To learn about the history of the museum. D. To ask for the permission of self guided visits. 4. In which section of the newspaper does the passage most probably appear? A. Health. B. News. C. Culture. D. Advertisement. B Have you ever missed something in your life? The wife asked the husband when she was 25. Upset, the husband replied:“I missed a new job opportunity.”When she was 35,the husband angily told her that he had just missed the bus. At 45, the husband sadly said:“I missed the opportunity to see my relative before his last breath." At 55,the husband said disappointingly: “I missed a good chance to retire.” At 65, the husband hurriedly replied:“I missed a dental appointment.”At 75, the wife did not ask the husband any more, and the husband was kneeling in front of the very sick wife. Remembering the question the wife used to ask him, this time he asked the wife the same question. The wife, with a smile and peaceful look, replied: “In this life, 1 did not miss having you!" The husband was full of tears. He always thought that they could be together forever. He was always busy with work. So he had never been circumspect to his wife. The husband hugged the wife tightly and said: “Over 50 years, how 1 had allowed myself to miss your deep love for me !” In the busy city life, there are many people who are always busy with work. These people focus on their jobs, and these people sacrifice all their time and health to meet the social expectations. They are unwilling to spend time on health care. They miss the opportunity to be with their children in their growing up. They neglect the loved ones who care for them, and also their health. Nobody knows what is going to happen one year from now. Life is not permanent, so always live in the now. Express your gratitude to your loved ones in words. Show your care with actions. Treat everyday as the last day of life. In this way, when you are gone, your loved ones would have nothing to feel sorry about. 5. What did the husband miss when his wife was 65? A. He missed the bus. B. He missed a dental appointment. C. He missed a good chance to retire. D.' He missed the opportunity to see his relative. 6. The underlined word“circumspect" ( in Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to“_____”. A. loyal B. grateful C. thoughtful D. friendly 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. A sad love story. B. Memories of a happy family. C. Things that you missed in your life. D. Expressing gratitude to your loved ones in words. C A company called Compass Pools has some good news for height and swimming enthusiasts. Recently, the company announced their novel design 一 a first of its kind 360-degree pool which is set to be placed on a skyscraper in London. The Infinity London will be the first and only building in the world to include this cuting-edge pool design. The pool will be laid on top of a 55-story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed views of the city. The entrance to the pool is hidden. People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the pool. Compass Pools explains: “ Swimmers will access the pool through a rotating spiral staircase based on the door of a submarine ,rising from the pool floor when someone wants to get in or out.” But that is not the only unique technology of the pool. The designers found a way to make sure the wind doesn't blow the water down to the streets. They included a built-in anemometer to monitor the wind speed. It is linked to a computer controlled building management system which will also take care of the temperature of the water. Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass everyone's expectations. “ Swimming in the SkyPool at The Shard, it's quite a strange feeling to have helicopters flying past at your level but this pool takes it a step further,”he says.“ Putting your goggles (防水镜) on and with a 360- degree view of London from 220m up,it rally will be something else - but it's definitely not one for the acrophobic (恐高)!” While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet, if things go well, it may begin in 2020. The location has yet to be confirmed too. 8. What can we learm from the first paragraph? A. The Infinity London is the only building to swim in. B. Swimmers can enjoy the views of London in the pool. C. The pool is located on the first flooro of a skyscraper. D. Compass Pools has built many 360-degree pools in the world. 9. What does the underlined word“that" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The pool floor. B. A built- in anemometer. C. The door of a submarine. D. The entrance to the pool. 10. Who might not be suitable to swim in the SkyPool? A. People who enjoy flying. B. People who lose weight. C. People who fear heights. D. People who have poor sight. 11. What can we know about the SkyPool at The Shard? A. It is not certain when people can swim in it. B. Its exact location of the construction is clear. C. Swimers can expect its designs easily. D. It's impossible to monitor the temperature of the water. D Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evolution started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features. Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ants to use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mammals. These include hollow thorns that ants will live inside, or extra nectar on leaves or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed - often in a nutrient-rich area where itll grow better, and since it's farther away from its parent, they won't have to compete for resources. But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question,whether things started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants. The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of lttle significance. Scientists say their study matters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved. 12. Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to _____. A. reward the ants B. make a fool of ants C. provide nutrition for the seeds D. get the seeds moved around 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. How plants and ants interact. B. What ants do to protect plants. C. How plants and ants survive attacks. D. Why plants and ants need co-evolution. 14. Which is TRUE about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants? A. Ants depended more upon plants. B. It caused a race for better evolution. C. How it got started was uncertain. D. It was of lttle value for future studies. 15. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage? A. To introduce a science research method. B. To inform readers of a latest research finding. C. To arouse readers' interest in science research. D. To criticize people's traditional views about plants. 第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips on Buying Outdoor Solar Lights As solar lighting is becoming useful for homes, many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets. Here are some helpful tips for customers. ●Does your area receive enough direct lighting? 16_____ So you shouldn't even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesn't get much sunlight. These lights need direct sunlight, or they just won't work very well. ●17_____ The expensive one usually means good quality. Choosing the cheapest ones will result in many problems. For once, it's best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. 18_____ At least you should know the difference between a 10 light and a 45 light. ●Buy lights that require less installation. Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground. Therefore, you shouldn't deal with the difficulty in installing a system that involves anything more than that. 19_____ You don't need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because that's just a waste of time. . ●Make sure the lights can store enough energy. Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy. 20_____ Therefore ,you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more, at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morming. （ ） A. Without sunlight, solar lighting is useless. B. Buy many solar lights instead of just one or two. C. It means some will stay lit longer than the others. D. Choose something a bit more expensive for once. E. Solar lights are becoming more and more popular. F. That doesn't mean you have to spend all your money. G. They should take a few minutes each to get into the ground. 第二部分语言知识运用 (共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳 选项。 On a Sunday morning I was running and noticed a person in front of me. I could 21_____ he was running a litle slower than me and decided to try to_ 22 him. I had about a kilometer to go on the road before 23_____. So I started running faster and every block I was 24_____ on him just a little bit. After just a few minutes, I was only about 100 yards 25_____ him. SoI 26_____ the pace and pushed myself. You would have thought I was running in the 27_____ part of a marathon. Finally I caught up with him and 28_____ him by. On the inside I felt so good. I“beat” him, 29_____ he didn't even know we were 30_____ . After I passed him. I 31_____ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had 32_____ my turm, had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turm around and go 33_____. Isn't that what happens in life when we 34_____ on competing with co-workers,neighbors, friends, trying to outdo them or trying to prove we are more successful or more 35_____ ? We spend our time and energy running after them and we miss our own 36_____. The 37_____ with unhealthy competition is that it is a never ending circle. There will always be somebody 38_____ you, someone with a better job, more money in the bank, more education, better behaved children, etc. Take what life has given you, and you will be . 39_____ by it. Stay focused and live a healthy life. There is no 40_____ in destiny. Run your own race and wish others well. 21. （ ） A. tell B. predict C. imagine D. wonder 22. （ ） A. fool B. greet C. stop D. catch 23. （ ） A. setting out B. going away C. turming off D. coming up 24. （ ） A. gaining B. calling C. holding D. turming 25. （ ） A. before B. around C. opposite D. behind 26. （ ） A. found out B. slowed down C. set about D. picked up 27. （ ） A. final B. long C. easy D. special 28. （ ） A. walked B. passed C. pushed D. hurried 29. （ ） A. since B. but C. so D. if 30. （ ） A. racing B. running C. playing D. joking 31. （ ） A. wished B. doubted C. admitted D. realized 32. （ ） A. changed B. left C. missed D. chosen 33. （ ） A. away B. back C. alone D. on 34. （ ） A. live B. depend C. focus D. put 35. （ ） A. responsible B. optimistic C. sensitive D. important 36. （ ） A. path B. chance C. root D. heart 37. （ ） A. relation B. problem C. disagreement D. influence 38. （ ） A. more than B. regardless of C. ahead of D. rather than 39. （ ） A. protected B. impressed C. blessed D. moved 40. （ ） A. difference B. competition C. point D. result 第二节(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When you retum from an 41____ ( enjoy) trip with bags full of souvenirs, a self-moving suitcase could convenient. Now, this isn't a dream anymore. Nua Robotics, 42____ high-tech company from Israel, 43____ ( develop) a smart suitcase 44____ will follow you everywhere like a pet dog. It can find out your location by using a camera and pairing with you cell phone using Bluetooth. It can avoid obstacles, and is able to send you .data like its 45____ ( weigh) and location and has an alarm to stop it from 46____ ( steal). The suitcase will be on sale in a year 47____ a price of about 2, 400 yuan, and could be of great help to the elderly or 48____ ( physical) disabled who find 49____ difcult to cary a suitcase around. Besides the suitcase, the company plans 50____( use) this technology in other ways. For example, a shopping cart illed with groceries could follow people to the supermarket and back home. 第三部分写作(共两节,满分 35 分) 第一节短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加-一个漏字符号( ∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。 修改:在错的词下画一-横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 In general, our houseparents are annoyed for boys students in dormitories. I didn't begin to like our houseparents until one night in last week. I was asleep when my alarm clock drops onto the floor and were broken into pieces. After the while, the houseparent on duty opened the door and rushed in. Instead blarming me, he asked me anxious what was going on. Before making sure I was OK, he asked me to go back to sleep and cleaned up itself. Since then, I have completely changed my opinion of our houseparents. They are like our parents, kept all of us safe. 第二节书面表达 (满分 25 分) 假定你是李华,你的意大利朋友 Giorgio 因为新型冠状病毒( novel coronavirus) 在意大利全国 蔓延,所以来信向你求助,请你给他回一封信。内容包括: 1.介绍症状; 2.提出建议; 3.表示安慰和鼓励。 注意: 1.词数 100 左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:隔离: isolate; 口罩: surgical face mask Dear Giorgio, _____________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 贵阳市四校 2020 届高三年级联合考试（六） 英语参考答案 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 1~5 BBADB 6~10 CDBDC 11~15 ADACB 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 16~20 ADFGC 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 21~25 ADCAD 26~30 DABBA 31~35 DCBCD 36~40 ABCCB 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 41．enjoyable 42．a 43．has developed 44．that/which 45．weight 46．being stolen 47．at 48．physically 49．it 50．to use 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） In general，our houseparents （学生宿舍管理员） are annoyed for boys students in ①boy dormitories．I didn’t begin to like our houseparents until one night in last week．I was asleep ② when my alarm clock drops onto the floor and were broken into pieces．After the while，the ③dropped ④was ⑤a houseparent on duty opened the door and rushed in．Instead∧blaming me，he asked me ⑥of anxious what was going on．Before making sure I was OK，he asked me to go back to sleep and ⑦anxiously ⑧After cleaned up itself．Since then，I have completely changed my opinion of our houseparents．They are ⑨himself like our parents，kept all of us safe． ⑩keeping 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 【参考范文】 Dear Giorgio， Knowing from your letter that Italy has been in bad condition due to the spreading novel coronavirus，I am truly sorry. Here is something I’d like to share with you. Novel coronavirus is thought to spread mainly from person to person，leading to sneezing， high fever，coughing and even losing life. The best way to prevent it is to avoid being exposed to this virus. For one thing，you should stay at home as much as possible. Do remember to wear a surgical face mask to protect yourself and other people if you have to go out. For another，do keep clean，frequently wash your hands with soap and running water. In addition，if you or someone around you get infected，actively get isolated，which does good to both you and others. Don’t worry，just like what we do in China，if all citizens work together and follow the rules strictly，I am definitely convinced that you can get through the hard time and tomorrow is a good day. Best wishes！ Yours, Li Hua （一）评分原则 1. 本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡 量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 词数少于 80 和多于 120 的，从总分中减去 2 分。 4. 评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上 下文的连贯性。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以 考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6. 如书写较差以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 （二）内容要点 1. 介绍症状 2. 提出建议 3. 表示安慰和鼓励 （三）各档次的得分范围和要求 第五档（21~25 分）：完全完成了试题规定的任务。 ——覆盖所有内容要点。 ——应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 ——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具 备 较强的语言运用能力。 ——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档（16~20 分）：完全完成了试题规定的任务。 ——虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 ——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 ——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇 所致。 ——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档（11~15 分）：基本完成了试题规定的任务。 ——虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 ——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 ——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 ——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档（6~10 分）：未适当完成试题规定的任务。 ——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 ——语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。 ——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 ——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第一档（1~5 分）：未完成试题规定的任务。 ——明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 ——语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 ——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 ——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 0 分。 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写 内容无法看清。 【解析】 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 A 【语篇导读】本文属于广告类阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了作者鼓励学生去参 观博物馆，可以通过看艺术品了解它们的故事，了解文化，地理以及自然资源等。 1．B 细节理解题。根据 Learning to Look 部分“An interactive（互动的）tour that explores a variety of （各种各样的）art using storytelling，movements，music，games，and other techniques helps introduce children to a museum．”可知如果老师希望学生了解博物馆 是什么，他们会把博物馆介绍给学生，让他们自己看，故选 B。 2．B 细节理解题。根据 Program Fess 部分“Tour with art activities cost $12 per student （ non-members ） or 10 per student （ members ）” 可 知 ， 是 会 员 的 学 生 应 收 60×10=600 ； 再 根 据 Protector 部 分 “ We require one adult protector for every 10 children．Chaperones help to make your museum visit a success．A chaperone must pay $5 admission．”可知因为每 10 个学生有 1 个监护人，所以 60 个学生共有 6 个监护 人，一个监护人交 5 美元，所以 6×5＝30；故 600+30＝630，故选 B。 3．A 细节理解题。根据 Booking 部分“Booking is necessary for all tours and programs．Please book at least a week in advance．”可知学生如果想要参观博物馆需要提前一周预定， 故选 A。 4．D 文章出处题。通读全文可知本文属于关于博物馆介绍的广告，故选 D。 B 【语篇导读】本文通过妻子和丈夫在不同年龄段谈论错过了什么的故事，阐述了这样一 个真理：生命不是永恒的，所以活在当下吧。把你对爱人的感谢说出来，用行动证明你关心 他们。把每一天当作人生的最后一个篇章，只有这样，当你离开时，你爱的人们才会没有遗 憾。 5．B 细节理解题。根据第二段“At 65，the husband hurriedly replied：‘I missed a dental appointment．’”可知当他的妻子 65 岁时，这位丈夫错过了与牙医的约定。故选 B。 6．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段“He was always busy with work．So he had never been circumspect to his wife．The husband hugged the wife tightly and said…”可以得知， 他整天忙于工作，从来没有体贴妻子，于是他紧紧地拥抱着妻子。A．loyal 忠诚的； B．grateful 感激的；C．thoughtful 体贴的；D．friendly 友好的。故选 C。 7．D 主旨归纳题。这篇文章借妻子和丈夫在不同年龄段谈论错过了什么的故事，说明了 这样一个真理：生命不是永恒的，把你对爱人的感谢说出来，用行动证明你关心他 们。把每一天当作人生的最后一个篇章，只有这样，当你离开时，你爱的人们才会 没有遗憾。故选 D。 C 【语篇导读】一家名为 Compass Pools 的公司为高度和游泳爱好者带来了一些好消息。 最近，该公司宣布了他们的新设计，这是第一个 360 度游泳池，将被安置在伦敦的摩天大楼 上。 8．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“The pool will be laid on top of a 55-story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed（无障碍）views of the city．”可知，游泳的人可以在游泳池里欣赏伦 敦的景色。故选 B。 9．D 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段的句子“The entrance to the pool is hidden．People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the poo1．”可知，“that”指的是 “游泳池的入口”。故选 D。 10．C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子“Putting your goggles（防水镜）on and with a 360-degree view of London from 220m up，it really will be something else — but it’s definitely not one for the acrophobic（恐高）!”可知，恐高的人不适合在这个游泳池 里面游泳。故选 C。 11．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet，if things go well，it may begin in 2020．”可知，人们什么时候可以在里面 游泳还不确定。故选 A。 D 【语篇导读】本文为科教类短文。文章介绍一项最新研究发现，蚂蚁和植物是一起进化 的。 12．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around， by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds．” 可知， 一些植物将食物附在种子上，这样种子可以四处传播。故选 D。 13．A 段落大意题。根据文章第二段的句子“Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant to use．Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mammalѕ．”以及第二段的内容 可知，第二段主要介绍，蚂蚁和植物是怎么互动的。故选 A。 14．C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs，and it’s not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot．”可知，蚂蚁和植物共同进化的关系是：它是怎么开始的还不确定。故选 C。 15．B 写作意图题。根据文章第一段的内容“A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants．”可知，文章是告知读者一个最新的研究发现。故 选 B。 第二节 【语篇导读】现在太阳能灯变得越来越流行了，在超市里有很多出售的灯，文章介绍了 如何购买和其他方面的一些小建议。 16．A 细节理解题。根据“Does your area receive enough direct lighting？”这段的主旨句 可知，在住的地方要能接受到足够的阳光直射，所以“Without sunlight，solar lighting is useless．（没有阳光，太阳灯就是无用的。）”符合题意。故选 A。 17．D 主旨大意题。根据“The expensive one usually means good quality.”可知，贵的通常 质量比较好，所以该段的主旨句为“Choose something a bit more expensive for once．（要挑选一些贵的。）”故选 D。 18．F 细节理解题。根据这段的主题句可知，建议我们买一些贵的，但不意味着花所有 的钱，所以 F 句合适。故选 F。 19．G 细节理解题。根据段落里“Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground.”可知， 大多数太阳能灯靠连接地面来驱动，所以 G 选项：每个太阳能灯应该花几分钟的时 间才能到达地面这句符合题意。故选 G。 20．C 细节理解题。根据“Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy.”可知， 不同的太阳能灯储存不同数量的能源，所以有些太阳能灯比其他的要亮持久一点。 故选 C。 第二部分 语言知识运用 第一节 【语篇导读】作者通过自己的经历，表达了命运中没有竞赛，走好自己的路，并且祝福 他人。 21．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，这里表示“辨别”，所以用动词“tell”。故选 A。 22．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的叙述“I caught up with him and 28 him by.”可知， 选项 D 符合语境。故选 D。 23．C 考查固定短语。根据语境可知，这里要表达的意思是：作者在需要拐弯前，大概有 一公里的路。故选 C。 24．A 考查动词词义辨析。gain on 表示“逼近”，这里是说，每过一个街区作者就能跑近 那个人一点点，由此推断作者应该是逐渐地靠近那个人。故选 A。 25．D 考查介词词义辨析。下文说到，作者要加速赶上那个人，根据常识并结合逻辑推断 可知，作者应该是在那个人后面。故选 D。 26．D 考查固定短语。pick up the pace“加快步伐”。这里应该表示作者下定决心要赶上那 个人，所以加快步伐。故选 D。 27．A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据语境可知，这里表示当时作者心里想着自己在跑马拉松 比赛的最后一圈。故选 A。 28．B 考查动词词义辨析。passed him by“从他身边经过”为固定配搭，符合语境。故选 B。 29．B 考查连词词义辨析。根据上下文的内容可知，作者认为自己打败了他，但他并没有 意识到我们在比赛竞争。故选 B。 30．A 见上题。故选 A。 31．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“had gone nearly six blocks past it”可知，作者 意识到自己错过了拐弯的地方，故选 D。 32. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“had gone nearly six blocks past it”可知，作者意 识到自己太过于专注比赛而错过了自己拐弯的地方。故选 C。 33．B 考查副词词义辨析。根据语境可知，跑过了就得倒回去。故选 B。 34．C 考查动词短语辨析。focus on 专注于。故选 C。 35．D 考查形容词词义辨析。人们与他人竞争是为了试图胜过他们或努力证明自己更成功 或更重要。 故选 D。 36．A 考查名词词义辨析。此处表示我们花时间和精力追逐别人而错过了我们自己的路 （path）。故选 A。 37．B 考查名词词义辨析。结合下文得知，此处表示不良竞争的问题。故选 B。 38．C 考查固定短语。根据语境可知，这里要表达的意思是：总有人在你前面（ahead of）， 有着更好的工作、更多的钱、受过更多的教育、有举止良好的孩子。故选 C。 39．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，这里要表达的意思是：接受生活所给予你的， 你就会被生活所祝福（blessed）。故选 C。 40．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据前面内容可知，命运中没有竞赛，走好自己的路，并且祝 福他人。故选 B。 第二节 【语篇导读】这是一篇科技报道。当你旅行归来，带着满满一包纪念品，如果有一个会 走路的行李箱，那就太方便了。以色列的一家公司就开发了一款智能行李箱。它不但能认路， 还可以防盗。预计明年就可以上市出售。这种行李箱对老年人或行动困难的人帮助很大。此 外，该公司计划开发智能购物车。 41．enjoyable 考查形容词。句中 enjoy 修饰名词 trip，要用形容词形式。 42．a 考查冠词。句中“high-tech company from Israel”作“Nua Robotics”的同位语，要 用不定冠词来限定。 43．has developed 考查时态。句意表达的是已经完成的动作，要用现在完成时态。 44．that/which 考查连词。句中“will follow you everywhere like a pet dog”修饰名词 “suitcase”，是一个定语从句；从句缺少主语，且先行词 suitcase 指物，要用 that 或 which 来引导。 45．weight 考查名词。“its”为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故应用其名词 weight。 46．being stolen 考查语态。句中“steal”与“it”之间构成动宾关系，要用被动；steal 位 于介词 from 后，要用动名词形式，故填 being stolen。 47．at 考查短语搭配。at a price of“以……的价格”。 48．physically 考查副词。句中“physical”修饰形容词“disabled”，要用副词形式。 49．it 考查句型搭配。find it+形容词+to do sth.“发现做某事怎么样”；it 充当形式宾语， 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 50．to use 考查短语搭配。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。 第三部分 写作 第一节 短文改错 【语篇导读】本文主要讲述作者对学生宿舍管理员很烦恼。但上周的一天晚上当他的闹 钟掉到地上摔成了碎片，值日的管理员冲进来急切地问发生什么，在得知作者没事后，叫他 回到床上休息，管理员自己清理了地面，这让作者改变了对管理员的看法。 ①boys 改为 boy 考查名词。名词作定语时用单数形式。 ②去掉 in 考查介词。last week 作时间状语时前面不加介词。 ③drops 改为 dropped 考查动词时态。全文讲述的是已发生的事情，要用一般过去时态。 ④were 改为 was 考查主谓一致。“broken into”的主语“my alarm clock”是单数，助动词 应用单数 was。 ⑤the 改为 a 考查冠词。“after a while”表示过了一会。 ⑥Instead 后加 of 考查词语用法。instead 是副词。意为“替代，顶替”，instead of 是介词， 意为“而不是……”，此处应是：而不是……。 ⑦anxious 改为 anxiously 考查副词。ask 是动词，要用副词修饰，形容词 anxious 的副词 是 anxiously。 ⑧Before 改为 After 考查连词。根据句意：在确信我没事后。用连词 After。 ⑨itself 改为 himself 考查代词。himself 与主语 he 一致。 ⑩kept 改为 keeping 考查现在分词。they 与 keep 之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作伴 随状语。