2020 届山东省威海市文登区高三下学期一轮总复习
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂
黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答
案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TGBWP(the Great Books Winter Program) is an experience like no other in American education.
For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from
across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level
lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.
Here is a sample of what you will get at Great Books:
Membership in an international community of enthusiastic young learners and distinguished
college teachers who read and discuss great books and big ideas. You will discuss the likes of Plato,
Mark Twain, Dickens, and Tolstoy with other teens from around the globe who love literature just as
much as you do!
Find your voice in the classroom. TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically
and socially as they prepare for high school and college. Open discussions encourage students to
express themselves and give power to their ideas. Students gain confidence in their ability to read a
text closely and express their ideas clearly both orally and in writing.
Experience time away from home and spend it at a top college -- choose from two campus
settings: Amherst College in Massachusetts and Stanford University in California. This is the perfect
opportunity to preview life on a college campus!
Don’t miss this opportunity to join students from 47 states and 28 countries in this unique learning environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing Arts/Photography/Film
Music/Singing/
Dancing Travel/ Touring Academic/Pre-College
Ages 11-18
Type Overnight/Residential
More information: CLICK HERE
1. What do we know about TGBWP?
A. A course on literacy skills improvement.
B. An education department of universities.
C. A camp suitable for teen literature lovers.
D. A program of studying American literature.
2. What does TGBWP offer its participants according to the text?
A. College-level evaluation in literature.
B. Admissions to world famous universities.
C. Free literature courses and literature works.
D. Chances to experience college life beforehand.
3. Suppose this text is an Ad, what else must be included in “More information”?
A. Contact information. B. Membership benefits.
C. Registration requirements. D. Activity arrangements.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告。介绍了 TGBWP 冬令营活动的有关信息。
【1 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的 For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle
and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other
literary-minded students.(在过去的十一年里，TGBWP 聚集了来自世界各地的优秀中学生，阅
读最伟大的文学作品，体验大学水平的讲座，参与生动的讨论，并与其他有文学头脑的学生
一起享受冬令营的乐趣。)因此推断，TGBWP 是适合青少年文学爱好者的营地。 故选 C。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的 TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and
socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP 给了
他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP 给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。
故选 D。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中的表格可知，表格中包括了活动安排；注册学员的年龄等，因此推断
如果是广告，进一步的信息应该是联系方式。B 项的会员福利不是广告的必要内容。故选 A。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文
内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同
的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或
间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语
意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第 2 小题，属于细节理解题。根据第四段
的 TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high
school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP 给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机
会。)可知，TGBWP 给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选 D。
B
When people think about British music, for the most part they think about the 60s or 70s with the
likes of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones or more modern artists like Adele or Ed Sheeran.
However, stuck between these two ages was, in my opinion, British music’s best period. The 90s were
an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the economy recovering from the lows of the
80s and the Cold War ending.
One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of “Britpop”. This was a style of pop
music that aimed to promote “Britishness” and commonly featured electric guitars, drums and male
singers. Britpop was the style used by world-famous bands such as Oasis, Blur, Pulp and Suede who
became known as “The Big Four”. The summer of 1995 was dominated by the “Battle of Britpop” which was between Blur and Oasis for the number one spot. Eventually, Blur won the battle and Oasis
settled for second.
However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups also finding fame, the
most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around
the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics, but they also
started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide. It isn’t too far
to assume that without their music, many female singers and artists who we love today would not have
had the confidence to pursue their dream.
British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are often overlooked. Although I
was not alive to enjoy the music properly, the 90s had a huge impact on British culture that can be felt
today and I feel that the decade should get the recognition it deserves!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. The Cold War came to an end in the 80s.
B. Britain’s economy began to pick up in the 90s.
C. The Beatles represented the best British music.
D. Adele is better than Ed Sheeran in modern music.
5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Britpop. B. Britishness.
C. The Big Four. D. Battle of Britpop.
6. What’s the most important influence of “the Spice Girls” according to the text?
A. Promoting “Britishness”. B. Empowering girls and women.
C. Creating catchy melodies. D. Finding fame for female groups.
7. The writer thinks the impact of the 90s music on British culture is ________.
A. underestimated B. well-recognized
C. fairly evaluated D. reasonably doubted
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国 90 年代的音乐。作者认为英国 90 年代音乐被忽视了，90
年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，应该得到它应得的认可。
【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的 The 90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the
economy recovering from the lows of the 80s and the Cold War ending.（对于英国乃至欧洲来说，
随着经济从 80 年代的低谷复苏和冷战结束，90 年代是一个乐观的时期。）可知，英国经济在
90 年代开始复苏。故选 B。
【5 题详解】
主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 首 句 One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of
“Britpop”.和下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了 90 年代音乐的特征英式摇滚的诞生，并介绍了这
种流行音乐的盛行，这种音乐旨在促进“英国化”，通常有电吉他、鼓和男歌手。故选A。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的 However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups
also finding fame, the most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular
in Britain and around the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and
lyrics, but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women
worldwide. （然而，90 年代不仅仅是男孩的，主要的女性群体也找到了荣誉，其中最著名的
是“辣妹组合”，他们在英国和世界各地都非常受欢迎。他们再次推断了“英国化”，有着令
人着迷的旋律和歌词，他们也发起了“女孩力量”运动，有助于世界各地的女孩和妇女拥有
权力。 ）可推断，“辣妹组合”最重要的影响是增强女孩和妇女的力量。故选 B。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的 British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are
often overlooked. 以及下文可知，作者认为英国 90 年代音乐被忽视了，90 年代音乐对英国文
化产生了巨大的影响，作者觉得这十年应该得到它应得的认可！ 故选 A。
C
America’s first transcontinental railroad, completed 150 years ago today at Promontory Summit
in Utah, connected the vast United States and brought America into the modern age. Chinese
immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed
often ignored their role.
Between 1863 and 1869, as many as 20,000 Chinese workers helped build the dangerous western
part of the railroad, a winding ribbon of track known as the Central Pacific. At first, the Central Pacific
Railroad’s directors wanted a whites-only workforce. When not enough white men signed up, the
railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the work, but they proved themselves not only capable but even superior to
the other workers.
Chinese workers cut through dense forests, filled deep narrow steep-sided valley, constructed
long trestles(高架桥) and built enormous retaining walls(防护墙) -- some of which remain complete
and undamaged today. All work was done by hand using carts, shovels and picks but no machinery.
However, progress came at great cost: an estimated 1,200 Chinese laborers died along the Central
Pacific route.
Despite these facts, Chinese workers were often left out of the official story because of their
identity of foreigners. On the transcontinental railroad's 100th birthday, the Chinese workers were still
not honored. It was another fifty years later that their role was gradually highlighted. To celebrate the
railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize
and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as
California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.
8. What might be the best title for the text?
A. The Birth of the Central Pacific Cost Dearly
B. May 10--A Special Day for Chinese Immigrants
C. Chinese Workers’ Contributions Gained Recognition
D. The 150th anniversary of the Central Pacific Railroad
9. What does “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Chinese laborers. B. White workers.
C. Company leaders. D. Railroad directors.
10. Why does the author make such detailed descriptions in Paragraph 3?
A. To prove Chinese workers’ superior skills.
B. To stress the danger and difficulty of the work.
C. To describe the grand scenery along the railroad.
D. To show notable achievements made by Chinese workers.
11. What does the text intend to tell us?
A. None so blind as those who won’t see. B. No pains, no gains.
C. Truth will come to light sooner or later. D. Doing is better than saying.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，
但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。
【8 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的 Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement,
but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.以及最后一段的 To celebrate the
railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize
and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as
California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此推
断，文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史
叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断 C
项“中国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题。故选 C。
【9 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文 When not enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese
men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the
work 可知，当没有足够的白人报名时，铁路开始雇用中国男子从事艰苦的劳动。公司领导对
新员工的工作能力表示怀疑，因此推断划线句“但他们证明自己不仅有能力，甚至优于其他
工人。”中 they 指代上文提的中国劳动力。故选 A。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。通读第三段可知，本段主要阐述中国工人穿过茂密的森林，深谷狭窄陡峭，建
造了高架桥，建造了巨大的防护墙——其中一些至今仍然完整和无损。没有机械所有的工作
都是用手推车、铲子和镐手工完成的。 进展付出了巨大的代价：估计有 1200 名中国劳工在铁
路建设中死亡。因此推断详细描述修建铁路的工作过程是为了强调工作的危险和困难。故选
B。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的 To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California
assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by
designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers
Memorial Day.（为了庆祝 2019 年铁路 150 周年，加州议会在 2017 年通过了一项决议，指定2017 年 5 月 10 日和此后每 5 月 10 日为加州中国铁路工人纪念日，以表彰和纪念中国铁路工
人。）可推断，尽管历史中国工人对铁路的贡献一直不被认可，但是最终在 2017 年他们的奉
献得以承认。故 C 项“纸包不住火”是文章要告诉读者的。故选 C。
【点睛】标题确定题属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特
定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有
机结合。
概括性原则：要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题要
旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概
全。
针对性原则：针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小，
要量体裁衣，大小适度。
醒目性原则：标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可
读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍，故标题往往比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，目的
是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
如第 1 小题，根据第一段的 Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement,
but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.提到中国移民对修筑铁路作出了巨
大贡献，但随后的历史叙述往往忽视了他们的作用。以及最后一段的 To celebrate the railroad’s
150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor
the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California
Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.提到最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此可推断，
文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路做出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述
忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断 C 项“中
国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题，故选 C。
D
Recently, researchers at the University of Toronto figured out a way with a quick video selfie to
accurately measure blood pressure with your smartphone’s camera by developing a technology known
as transdermal optical imaging (TOI)(透皮光学成像).
Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our
skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. Researchers measured the
blood pressure of 1,328 Canadian and Chinese adults by getting two-minute videos of their faces on an iPhone. “From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of
the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information,” said Kang Lee, lead author of the
study.
Lee also helped create an app called Anura, which allows people to try out the TOI software for
themselves, giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive
measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate. Lee said more research was needed to make sure
that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with
very dark or very fair skin.
“In order to improve our app to make it usable, particularly for people with hypertension (高血
压)，we need to collect a lot of data from them, which is very hard because a lot of them are already
taking medicine,” Lee explained. “We cannot tell them not to take medicine, but from time to time, we
get participants who don’t take medicine so we can get hypertensive people this way.”
The scientists said there were many potential applications of the technology, including providing
health services for those who lived in remote areas.
12. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2？
A. Information offered by TOI. B. New findings on hypertension.
C. How TOI is put into smart phones. D. How the TOI technology works.
13. What might people benefit from the new technology mentioned above?
A Living a life free from stress. B. Improving the heart function gradually.
C. Accessing health services for free. D. Knowing abnormal blood pressure
earlier.
14. What can be done for a better Anura?
A. Equipping phones with better cameras.
B. Allowing phones to record longer videos.
C. Collecting data from more diverse samples.
D. Persuading participants not to take medicine.
15. Why does the author write this text?
A. To predict future applications of TOI.
B. To introduce TOI and an app related.
C. To describe functions of cameras on phones.D. To evaluate the quality of an app called Anura.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技。多伦多大学的研究人员想出了一种快速视
频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。
文章还介绍了与之相关的手机应用软件。
【12 题详解】
主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 首 句 Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from
hemoglobin (血 红 素 ）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow
changes. 可知，智能手机上的相机可以捕捉从我们皮肤下的血红蛋白反射的红光，这允许透皮
光学成像可视化和测量血流变化。因此推断本段主要讲述 TOI 科技如何起作用的。故选 D。
【13 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的 From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows
in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information（从技术获得的视
频中，你可以看到血液是如何在面部的不同部位流动的，通过这种流动，你可以得到很多信
息 ） 和 第 三 段 的 giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive
measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate.（让他们能够记录 30 秒的面部视频，并收到
压力水平和静息心率的测量。）可推断，这项新技术可以让人们较早知道不正常的血压。故选
D。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的 Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements
were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair
skin.（李说，需要更多的研究来确保测量尽可能准确，解释说这项研究没有测试皮肤非常暗或
非常白皙的人。）可知，需要收集更多不同的样本才能改进 Anura。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新科技 TOI ，研究人员想出了一种
快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测
量血压。接下来介绍了应用这项科技研发出的手机应用。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍 TOI
和相关应用程序。故选 B。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
No-friend eating trend
When you eat lunch in a restaurant you might see many people eating by themselves, watching
videos on their phones. _____16_____ Do you worry they’re lonely?
You probably didn’t even notice because you were looking at your own phone. The New York
Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a growing trend among young people around the
world.
According to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the US-based Highbush Blueberry
Council, the average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year.
___17___ Maybe not.
“The way we define ‘togetherness’ and what it means to be connected seems to be evolving as
technology evolves. Keeping our relationships strong doesn’t always require being together
physically,” wrote the report.
Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive
environments. _____18_____ Instead, it’s natural to communicate with others through text, email and
social media.
Daniela Galarza, from the US, is one of these young people. She told the New York Post that she
spent nearly 10 hours on her work every day. She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on
social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with
them. _____19_____”
“Today, ‘togetherness’ is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay
connected,” a spokesperson for The Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post.
“_____20_____”
A. I’m not lonely any more.
B. Do you feel pity for them?
C. Being together all the time is great.
D. Does it mean there are a lot of lonely people?
E. They enjoy eating alone with electronic devices.F. They have less time to gather and eat with their friends or families.
G. The joy of being together – however you manage it – never changes.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一种日益增长的社会趋势——无朋友进餐。
【16 题详解】
空格上文 When you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves,
watching videos on their phones.阐述当你在餐馆吃午饭时，你可能会看到很多人边看手机视频
边自己吃饭。结合下文的问句可推断，B 项是一个问句，符合语境，B 项“你同情他们吗？”
与下文“你担心他们孤独吗？”两个问题引出下文的内容。故选 B。
【17 题详解】
空格前一段阐述一项新调查表明平均每个成年人每周单独吃六顿饭，每年吃 387 顿饭。 D 项
中的“This”指代这种现象，下文的 Maybe not，回答 D 项的问题“它意味着有许多孤独的人
吗？”。故选D。
【18 题详解】
根据空格上文 Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive
environments.（现在，许多年轻人花更多的时间在竞争环境中学习和工作。）因此推断他们有
更少的时间和他们的朋友或家人聚在一起吃饭。故选 F。
【19 题详解】
根据空格上文 She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about
half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them.可知，她说：每天在社交媒
体平台上与我的朋友和家人接触大约半个小时总是有助于我感觉与他们更多在一起。因此推
断她不孤独。故选 A。
【20 题详解】
根据空格上文可知，今天，“团结”更多的是一种感觉，而不是一种物质状态，人们有创造
力来保持联系，因此推断在一起的快乐——无论你如何管理它——从来不会改变。故选 G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We’ve all been there before: You’re driving down the road when suddenly a pothole(凹坑) seems
to appear out of nowhere and sends the ___21___ jumping. Most people think potholes are___22___,
but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for his artwork.
Bachor uses the ___23___ art form of mosaic(马赛克) to create eye-catching, colorful images of
famous artists like Aretha Franklin or simple everyday ___24___ like food. He even makes
less-appealing visuals of insects.
Bachor was a graphic designer for 20 years before he began his ___25___ in mosaic. He regards
an incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers. While ___26___ in Italy, Bachor fell
in love with Pompeii, the preserved ancient Roman city. A tour guide pointed out a mosaic, made of
mainly glass and marble, and told Bachor, “Glass and marble don’t ___27___. So, this looks
essentially the way the artist intended.” Bachor says, “That kind of staying power just ___28___ me so
much.”
A year later Bachor returned to attend a mosaic class in Ravenna, Italy, to learn the proper way to
___29___ the ancient technique. Years after that, he mastered the technique. He ___30___ that
mosaics can be just as significant today as the art form over 1,000 years ago. “I just saw that there was
a(n) ___31___ to bring it into the new age as a contemporary subject,” he says.
So, Bachor decided to make a special piece of ___32___ for that pothole. He has ___33___
mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.
While he may not be getting ___34___ from drivers or passengers, Bachor’s art is ___35___ a
pleasant surprise to discover.
21. A. body B. rock C. car D. sand
22. A. challenging B. interesting C. discouraging D. annoying
23. A. modern B. ancient C. elegant D. mysterious
24. A. objects B. ideas C. routines D. projects25. A. duty B. career C. belief D. instruction
26. A. traveling B. living C. working D. studying
27. A. last B. connect C. fade D. resolve
28. A. reminded B. confused C. troubled D. impressed
29. A. introduce B. perform C. promote D. describe
30. A. argued B. imagined C. remembered D. realized
31. A. link B. time C. opportunity D. voice
32. A. artwork B. machinery-work C. code D. literature
33. A. discovered B. created C. improved D. taught
34. A. help B. invitation C. money D. praise
35. A. nearly B. merely C. certainly D. personally
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B
30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。坑坑洼洼的路面会给汽车和行人带来很多不便。艺术家巴赫尔突发奇想，
把自己的镶嵌艺术作品放到路面上的浅坑里，不仅能给路过的人欣赏，还能起到提醒作用。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以前都遇到过这种情况：你正开车沿着路行驶时，突然一个
凹坑似乎凭空出现，让汽车颠簸跳跃。A. body 身体；B. rock 岩石；C. car 汽车；D. sand 沙地。
根据上文 You’re driving down the road 可推断，凹坑让车颠簸跳跃。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为坑洞很烦人，但艺术家吉姆·巴赫尔把它们看作
是他的艺术品的画布。A. challenging 具有挑战性的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. discouraging 泄
气的；气馁的；D. annoying 讨厌的。根据下文 but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for
his artwork.可知上下文是转折关系，艺术家巴赫尔把坑洞看作他的画布，相对的大多数人认为
坑洞是烦人的。故选 D。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔利用古老的镶嵌艺术形式，创造了诸如著名艺术家如艾
瑞莎·富兰克林的引人注目、丰富多彩的形象，或者简单的日常物品像食物。 A. modern 现代的；B. ancient 古代的；C. elegant 优雅的；D. mysterious 神秘的。根据 to create eye-catching,
colorful images of famous artists like Aretha Franklin 可推断，这是古代艺术形式。故选 B。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意同上。A. objects 物体；B. ideas 主意；想法；C. routines 日常工作；
D. projects 方案；项目。根据 like food 和 everyday 可推断，此处指简单的日常物体。故选 A。
25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔是一名平面设计师,20 年后开始了他在镶嵌工艺方面的事业。
A. duty 责任；B. career 职业；事业；C. belief 信念；D. instruction 指导。根据下文 He regards an
incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers.可知，此处指的是事业。故选 B。
26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马
城市。A. traveling 旅行；B. living 活；居住；C. working 工作；D. studying 学习。根据下文提
到的 A tour guide 可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选 A。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玻璃和大理石没有褪色。A. last 持续； B. connect 连接；C. fade
褪色；D. resolve 分解。根据下文 So, this looks essentially the way the artist intended.可知，玻璃
和大理石没有褪色，本质上还是艺术家的本意。故选 C。
28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那种持久的力量给我非常深刻的印象。A. reminded 提醒；B. confused
使困惑；C. troubled 麻烦；D. impressed 使印象深刻。根据下文 to learn the proper way to ___9___
the ancient technique.可知，这种持久力让巴赫尔印象深刻。故选 D。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，巴赫尔回到意大利拉文纳参加了一个镶嵌工艺课程，学
习如何正确地做这种古代技术。A. introduce 介绍；B. perform 做；进行；C. promote 促销；D.
describe 描述。根据下文 Years after that, he mastered the technique.可推断，巴赫尔参加课程学习
做这种古代技术。故选 B。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到镶嵌工艺在今天可以和 1000 多年前的艺术形式一样重要。
A. argued 争论；B. imagined 想象；C. remembered 记住；D. realized 意识到。根据下文 to bring
it into the new age as a contemporary subject 可知，巴赫尔意识到在今天镶嵌工艺也是重要的。故
【
【
【选 D。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个机会把它作为当代学科带入新时代。 A. link 关联；
B. time 时间；C. opportunity 机会；D. voice 声音。根据下文 So, Bachor decided to make a special
piece of ___12___ for that pothole. 可知，巴赫尔看到了使用这种工艺的机会。故选 C。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，巴赫尔决定为那个凹坑制作一个特殊的艺术品。A. artwork
艺术品；B. machinery-work 机械加工；C. code 代码；密码；D. literature 文学。根据下文 He has
___13___ mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.可知，巴
赫尔为那个凹坑制作了一个特殊的艺术品。故选 A。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在芝加哥、底特律、纽约市甚至芬兰创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。
A. discovered 发现；B. created 创造；C. improved 提高；D. taught 教。根据空格后的 mosaic
pothole art 结合语境可知，巴赫尔创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。故选 B。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他可能没有得到司机或乘客的赞扬，但巴赫尔的艺术无疑是
一个令人惊喜的发现。 A. help 帮助；B. invitation 邀请；C. money 钱；D. praise 表扬。While
引导让步状语从句，前后文是让步关系，由下文 a pleasant surprise 可推断，尽管巴赫尔没有得
到来自司机和乘客的表扬。故选 D。
【35 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nearly 几乎；差不多；B. merely 仅仅；C. certainly 当然；
无疑；D. personally 亲自地。尽管没有得到表扬，但是巴赫尔无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。故
选 C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要
遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如第 6 小题，句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，
爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马城市。A. traveling 旅行；B. living 活；居住；C. working 工作；
D. studying 学习。根据下文提到的 A tour guide 可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选 A。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leather is a hugely popular material for a range of products, but this ___36___ (popular) comes at a price. The global leather industry kills over a billion animals every year. This ____37____ (cause)
many to ask the question: is it possible to meet the global demand of leather without ___38___ (do)
any harm to animals? A process called biofabrication(生物制作) may be the answer.
Biofabrication is not new; it is already commonly used in medicine. Scientists have applied the
technique to grow body parts like ear, skin, and bones for transplants(移植). But it can also ___39___
(use) to make other products, such as leather. Scientists will be able to make biofabricated leather with
whatever qualities they want, such as extra softness, greater strength, or even different colors and
patterns.
But how ___40___ (exact) does biofabrication work? ___41___ (grow) leather, scientists begin
by taking some cells from an animal, not hurting ___42___ animal in any way. They then set the cells
apart and grow them in a lab. This process takes millions of cells and expands them into billions. Next,
the scientists take the cells and spread them out to form thin sheets, ___43___ are then put together to
combine into a little ___44___ (thick) sheets. Anyone can then dye and finish the leather and design it
in any way they like.
Andras Forgacs supports biofabrication. He says it may even be a “natural evolution of
manufacturing for mankind.” We will be able to make the products we need in an efficient,
responsible, ___45___ creative way.
【答案】36. popularity
37. has caused
38. doing 39. be used
40. exactly
41. To grow
42. the 43. which
44. thicker
45. and
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。皮革是一种非常受欢迎的材料，但是对动物造成了巨大伤害。如何不伤
害动物满足全球皮革的需求，文章介绍了一种可以制作皮革的生物制造。
【36 题详解】
考查名词。句意：皮革是一系列产品非常受欢迎的材料，但这种受欢迎付出了代价。This 修饰名词，做主语，故填 popularity。
【37 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这导致许多人提出以下问题：……。根据句意可知，cause 指过去发生
的动作对现在造成影响和结果，用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填 has caused。
【38 题详解】
考查动名词。without 是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填 doing。
【39 题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：但是它也可以被用来制做其它产品。主语 it 指代 the technique，与 use
是被动关系，情态动词 can 后接 be+过去分词构成被动语态。故填 be used。
【40 题详解】
考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处修饰动词 work 用副词做状语，故填 exactly。
【41 题详解】
考查不定式。分析句子可知，用不定式做目的状语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填 To grow。
【42 题详解】
考查冠词。the+可数名词表示“类别”，此处特指“动物”，故填the。
【43 题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，_8___ are then put together to combine into a little ___9___ (thick)
sheets 是定语从句，先行词是 sheets，从句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词 which。
故填 which。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据上文的 put together to combine into 可推断，此处表示“有点更厚
的”，用比较级，故填thicker。
【45 题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们将能够用一种高效的、有责任心的、创造性的方式制造我们需要的产
品。efficient，responsible 和 creative 是并列关系，故填 and。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Jean 来信了解中国青少年的上网喜好。请你予以回复，并以
自己为例，谈谈你最喜欢的网站或 APP 及理由。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible versions:
Dear Jean,
Glad to know that you are interested in what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to
tell you more about it.
As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing online with their phones.
Shopping online and chatting with friends via Wechat or QQ are becoming increasingly popular. As
for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon
activities. I have a great sense of achievement when I turn the energy from low-carbon life into real
trees through it. Are you using this app?
What about your favorite application? Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours
Li Hua
Dear Jean,
Nice to hear from you! I quite agree with you. The Internet does make our life more colorful,
where most of us teenagers chat with friends, play games or watch various videos.
As to me, I prefer reading e-books with some reading apps such as WeChat reading because it’s
so convenient to read books online. With a mobile phone at hand, I can do my reading everywhere
instead of carrying paper books. Besides, I can even listen to them as those apps are often equipped
with audio software. Isn’t it fantastic?
Well, what do you usually do on the Internet?
Yours ,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。谈谈你最喜欢的网站或 APP 及理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词汇，词组）
Be interested in；online；prefer doing；chat with；increasingly；as for；adopt；a sense of
achievement；turn...into；application；hear from；
第三步：连词成句
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般
现在时。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整
洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符
合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，如 Glad to know that you are interested in
what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to tell you more about it.使用了形容词做伴随
状语和 that 引导宾语从句；As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing
online with their phones. 使用了 as 引导定语从句；As for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant
Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon activities.使用了 which 引导定语从句。全文中
没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，
上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分 25 分）
47.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的
词数应为 150 左右。
'Usual boring day!' This would be the answer from Roman if somebody asked him how his day
was. These days he found everything boring, nothing excited him.
One day he was lying in his room as usual. Suddenly light went off. His room was rather hot without an air conditioner. Though he did not want to leave his room, he had to. Unwillingly, he left
his room and came to living room. Living room was slightly cool as it had two huge windows.
His young brother was playing with his friend. They were rolling on the floor. He was looking out
for the TV remote, but couldn't find. He got up and searched it everywhere, but remote was nowhere.
He looked at his brother who was still lying on the floor playing.
He asked him, "Where is the remote?"
"Under the Sofa," his brother yelled.
He tried to look through, but it was dark. He put his hand under the sofa. He touched something,
grabbed it and took his hand out. OMG! It was a snake in his hand!
After seeing that his brother started to yell, “ Snake, snake!” Mom came as soon as she heard their
shouting. She too was horrified to see a snake. She was so scared that she even couldn’t speak a word.
Two kids were trying to hide into each other's back. “What an old trick!” Roman thought and threw it
over kids.
As the snake landed on the floor near to the kids, it started moving from left side to the right. Only
then did Roman realize that the snake was real, not a toy. He threw the snake over kids because he
thought it was a fake snake and kids were playing some tricks.
This time mom almost got heart attack. Now he was scared too. The snake was only 10 meters
away from kids and was staring at kids. They even couldn’t call a rescue team. There might be some
deadly damage before their arrival. There was not much time to think. It was the time for a quick
action.
Paragraph 1：
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain. He
pulled it so hard that curtain ended up landing in his hand. Then without waiting a second, he threw the
curtain over the snake. When the snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and
brought them out of the room. He again went inside and took his mother to the front yard. Mom was
shaking like a leaf and kids were sweating hard. Later, he called the rescue team from his cell phone.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home. Roman
went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he went upstairs to living room where he
found his brother was watching cartoon. He sat next to his brother and his cell phone beeped. It was
another text from his friend asking how his day was. Roman slowly typed: "Jaw-breaking day". Then
he kept his mobile aside and dragged his brother's head to his chest and started to play with his hair
gently. Then he whispered something in his ear which sounds something like "Sorry".
Possible version 2:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain.
He pulled it so hard that curtain was torn off immediately. Without hesitation, he threw the curtain at
the moving snake and covered it. Then he grabbed two extremely-frightened kids by their arms and
pushed them out of room. The moment the kids went out, they started screaming. Roman went inside
the room again and brought his mom out, who was standing still, frozen with fear. Later, he called the
rescue team.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home.
Everything returned to normal except that the two kids were still scared. Roman felt guilty and even
angry with himself. How could he have thrown the snake to two kids. But for the quick action, it would
have hurt them! He went up to the kids, patting them on the head, and said carefully, “I’m so sorry. I
mistook it for a fake one. Well….” After a short pause, he said in an excited voice, “Shall we play
some game together now?” The kids burst into a smile. “What a thrilling day!” Roman texted his
friend later that day.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】本文是一篇读后续写。读后续写一般要求学生阅读一篇记叙文，然后发挥想象，运
用自己所学的英语知识去续写一篇中心思想跟全文一致、合乎情理的记叙文。本文的中心思
想是：一天，罗曼感到很无聊，来到客厅里乘凉，他的弟弟和朋友玩，罗曼错把一条蛇当做
遥控器扔向了孩子们，罗曼必须采取措施把蛇弄走。考生在写作的过程中要注意：要根据以
上内容写出罗曼如何救孩子的。本文要使用一般过去时。写作时注意准确地运用时态，使上
下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇
和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。
【点睛】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，When the
snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and brought them out of the room.使
用了 when 引导时间状语从句；Roman went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he
went upstairs to living room where he found his brother was watching cartoon.使用了 where 引导定
语从句，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
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