2020年高考英语考前45天冲刺试卷一（Word版附答案）

2020 年高考考前 45 天大冲刺卷 英 语 （一） 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力 本次训练无听力 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 A UNIQUE AND WEIRD NEW YEAR EVE TRADITIONS Germany In some parts of Germany, they do bleigiessen, or lead(铅) pouring. Pour a dollop(团) of molten lead in cold water and whatever shape forms may be telling about the year to come. A heart shape, naturally, means love will come your way. A crown predicts wealth and fortune. A star indicates happiness. But if you see a cross in the lead? You’re as good as dead! Latin America If you’re in Latin America, make sure you have some colorful underpants to ring in the new year. End—of—the—year partiers put on colorful underwear to ensure certain types of outcomes for the following year. Red for love and yellow for success. Naples, Italy Neapolitans like throwing things out of windows, at least on New Year’s Eve. Furniture, kitchen machines, grandma. Well, maybe not the last one. Let’s hope not, anyway. This tradition is meant to symbolize an out—with—the—old gesture and getting a brand new beginning for the new year. These days people are a bit more mindful about what they toss down to the street below. Spain In 1909, winegrowers in the Alicante region of Spain had a brilliant idea: start and promote an annual tradition that would involve people having to buy and eat more grapes. One must eat 12 grapes on New Year’s Eve to encourage prosperity for the coming year. Now, it’s a popular custom in Iberia. But the problem is that one has to eat a grape for each bell strike at midnight. 21. What does a cross shape mean? A. Love. B. Wealth. C. Happiness. D. Misfortune. 22. What’s new about Neapolitans’ tradition? A. They hate using furniture. B. They throw their grandma out of windows. C. They are more careful about what to throw. D. They like making gestures in front of the window. 23. Which country has the tradition of eating grapes? A. Germany. B. Brazil. C. Italy. D. Spain. B Remember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that dared people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize. Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survive for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29-year-old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has been a free and eye-opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends, because she really doesn’t want to go back to days when she abused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it, and was obsessed with social media. But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost got stranded(滞留) in the SeaTac airport because the phone number I’d written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who could help me,” the young writer said. Another time, her car’s “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldn’t use her phone’s GPS location feature, or even check what the light meant on Google or find a nearby car repair shop. Still, she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months. 24. What’s the challenge “free of rolling screen for a year”? A. People free from smart phones can live a richer life. B. People living a telephone-free life can be awarded every year. C. People living without computers for a year will win grand prize. D. People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward. 25. Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2? A. satisfied with B. accustomed to C. addicted to D. popular with 26. What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3? A. It’s fantastic to have someone to help her all the way. B. It’s unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way. C. It’s unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone. D. It’s difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone. 27. What can we learn about Elana Mudgan? A. She couldn’t live without a smart phone. B. She finds no one can help her in the adventure. C. She has not won the grand $ 100,000 prize yet. D. She used to use her smart phone to write fiction. C If you’re one of the millions of those who use escalators each year, you are probably deeply familiar with the vertical grooves(竖凹槽) that cover each stair. Few of us have stopped to consider why they exist, though. In fact, it’s one of the everyday things we take for granted. But it is a little complicating when you think about it. Sure, the deep, grey lines make an escalator’s metal stairs more appealing to the eye. But regular stairs don’t have grooves like these; why do escalators need them? Is it because of the movement? It turns out those grooves serve a more functional purpose. And, yes, it does have to do with the movement, as well as with general cleanliness! Anyone who has ridden an escalator knows that the steps everlastingly circulate from the top to the bottom. You’ve surely noticed the ridged yellow lip at the top of the escalator. But here’s what you may not have noticed: As an escalator’s steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps away any trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together, which makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip. This prevents foreign objects from getting stuck in that gap, potentially causing the escalator to stop, or worse, break down completely. That’s not the only reason why the grooves were created, though. They are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a bad fall on the slick surface. So the next time you step on an escalator, take a moment to appreciate those metal grooves. They exist to make sure you get to your office meeting on time. 28. What are the first two paragraphs trying to say? A. Millions of people use escalators every year. B. Few people think much about the grooves. C. Escalators are complicated machines. D. Grooves make the stairs look better. 29. The ridge is mainly designed to____ A. clean off dangerous objects. B. keep the stairs in movement. C. flatten the steps. D. lock the steps. 30. What does the underlined word “slick” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Smooth. B. Sticky. C. Steep. D. Slippery. 31. What’s the passage mainly about? A. The importance of escalators. B. The reasons for grooves on stairs. C. The look of grooves in escalators. D. The safe ways of riding escalators. D Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone. Many different animals also make friends. Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool. Other factors, like family closeness or sex, have no impact on this relationship. “It suggests that dolphins form social bonds(纽带) based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily. “Using different tools is time-consuming(耗时间的)” for dolphins to cooperate. Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships. Are friendships only limited to the same species? Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat Timur was originally left in the tiger Amur’s enclosure(围场) as a meal. But instead of eating Timur, Amur likes to play with it and gets jealous when others are close to his friend. The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive(圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory(领地) or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage(参与) socially and playfully may be higher than eating.” More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships. Take bats for example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group. Humans aren’t so different. “We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time,” Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. “But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long-term relationships ... despite our often highly dynamic(动态的) social lives.” 32. What did the recent British research find about dolphins? A. They form friendships based on family closeness. B. They are likely to make friends based on interests. C. They are better at building friendships than other animals. D. They form a group to hunt food together. 33. What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 6? A. To show how different species get along with each other. B. To prove captive animals are friendlier than others. C. To explain why captive animals can form friendships. D. To compare the difference between a tiger and a goat’s friendship. 34. What can we infer from Gerald Kerth’s words? A. Animals like to hang out with different friends. B. Animals might feel bored with friends of the same species. C. Humans are better at keeping long-term bonds than animals. D. Humans and animals make and maintain friendships in similar ways. 35. What’s the text mainly about? A. How to build strong ties with your friends. B. How animals form and keep friendship. C. The importance of friendship for animals. D. The different ways humans and animals socialize. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For many, holiday celebrations mean large meals shared with family and friends, but such feasts can generate huge amounts of food waste, harming the environment and overusing natural resources—unless mindful merrymakers take steps to control the amount. 36. . Be mindful of what you already have Try keeping food in glass jars. Using this method, you can make all the food in your kitchen visible, easily remembered and consumed. 37. . Nothing gets lost in the back of a shelf. 38. Stick to a planned holiday menu before heading to the grocery store. A clear idea of who will be gathered and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of tossing out later. Be mindful not just of how much to purchase, but the items themselves. Use leftovers wisely It may be impossible to get everyone into the clean plate club. 39. . Freeze and repurpose leftovers by using them as basic ingredients for other recipes or send extras home with guests. Keep track of the scraps(残羹) Along with turkey bones, use holiday scraps such as vegetables, meat and fish bones to make soup. For pet-safe dishes, allow your dog to clean plates before putting them in the dishwasher. Consider composting(堆肥) 40. . These materials can be composted, which will keep them out of landfills, where they take up space and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas. A. Shop smart B. Plan a menu C. That doesn’t mean leftover food has to go waste D. Some of your family or guests may not like the food E. Following are some tips on reducing food waste during holidays F. Organize your dry food on one row and use refrigerator drawers G. Food scraps and yard waste make up more than 28 percent of waste 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Even if they had to stop today, it would have been quite an accomplishment. But Brad Ryan and his 89-year-old grandmother Joy Ryan, who have 41 29 national parks so far, have no intention of 42 . The first one they saw was the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 2015. Since then, he and Joy Ryan have seen many 43 . “I remembered a(n) 44 conversation with my Grandma Joy when we’re 45 my 2009 Appalachian Trail hike from Georgia to Maine and she expressed 46 that she had never seen the mountains and 47 the great outdoors throughout her life, so I 48 her to join me on my weekend 49 from campus to the Smokies,” Brad said. At the time, Brad was a fourth-year veterinary student at the College of Veterinary Medicine, but needed a 50 to deal with academic stress, especially after news of a second-year vet student’s insanity(精神错乱) was made 51 . There have been a lot of 52 along the way. A highlight for Brad was “watching my grandmother 53 her inner child as she 54 down a sand dune(沙丘) at a park at age 87.” Another highlight was being 55 in an hour-long traffic jam in Yellowstone’s Lamar Valley, and watching the 56 over the Grand Canyon at dawn. “She still 57 to take a speed boat to Boca Chita Key and climbed the spiral staircase( 旋 梯 ) of a 65-foot lighthouse on the island,” Brad 58 . “At her age, she’s very 59 that at every moment, she’s probably seeing something for the first and last time. That has dramatically 60 the way I live my life as well,” he continued. 41. A. founded B. recorded C. visited D. protected 42. A. delaying B. stopping C. wondering D. experiencing 43. A. attractions B. achievements C. failures D. risks 44. A. punctual B. ambiguous C. tense D. previous 45. A. imaging B. discussing C. missing D. abandoning 46. A. prejudice B. suffering C. regret D. expectation 47. A. explored B. painted C. heard D. preferred 48. A. served B. invited C. commanded D. forced 49. A. escape B. attempt C. crash D. search 50. A. test B. party C. break D. show 51. A. possible B. public C. similar D. skeptical 52. A. benefits B. promises C. mistakes D. laughs 53. A. burst into B. turn down C. dig out D. bring up 54. A. fell B. cut C. rolled D. looked 55. A. trapped B. absorbed C. lost D. conducted 56. A. play B. sunrise C. sunset D. match 57. A. managed B. promised C. refused D. failed 58. A. regretted B. added C. demanded D. argued 59. A. ashamed B. aware C. confident D. thankful 60. A. chose B. needed C. observed D. changed 第 II 卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning how to choose a career is not only important for adults but also for students at college. People decide to have their careers 61. (change) simply because they dislike the job they 62. (current) have. They take on the jobs not because they like them but because they need to make a living. In this case, 63. (get) career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 64. (be) understanding yourself. This will help you realize what you enjoy doing. The best way to do this is taking a personality test, 65. it is available on the Internet for free. It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do. Next, visit career guidance centers or career 66. (website). If possible, apply for a volunteer that benefits you. You can get professional help and decide whether the career path is 67. (suit) for you or not. Finally, you should learn universal(通用的) skills, such as typing, writing and computer skills, which will help get opportunities to change your career in 68. future. When you study something that leads to just one career, then you may have closed all other opportunities for changing your career. Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives 69. (spend) at work. Therefore, putting interests and hobbies into careers can always lead 70. the best jobs. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 When stick in traffic, I noticed the woman in the car next to me crying. Alone in her car, she was kept wiping her tears and struggled to caught her breath. Honest speaking, I didn’t mean to stare, and I could hardly look away. As she pulled her car ahead of me, I could still see her crying for quite a few minute. When it was my turn to drive up besides her, I managed to get her attention by waving a little toy pig in car and smiled at her. She gave me the smile, too. At that moment, traffic cleared up and we drive off. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假定你是李华，想邀请你的外教 Mr. Black 参加你校美食社团为外籍教师和学生组织的活动。请 你用英语给他写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1.活动的时间和地点； 2.活动内容，例如：教参与者包饺子等； 3.活动的意义。 注意：1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：参与者 participant ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 第一部分 听力 本次训练无听力 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) A 【答案】21-23 DCD B 【答案】24-27 DCDC C 【答案】28-31 BADB D 【答案】32-35 BCDB 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 【答案】36-40 EFACG 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 【答案】41-45 CBADB 46-50 CABAC 51-55 BDCCA 56-60 BABBD 第 II 卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 【答案】 61. changed 62. currently 63. getting / to get 64. is 65. and 66. websites 67. suitable 68. the 69. is spent 70. to 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 【答案】 1. stick→stuck 2.把 kept 前的 was 去掉 3. caught→catch 4. Honest→Honestly 5.and→but/yet； 6. minute→minutes 7. besides→beside 8.在 in 和 car 之间加 my 9. the→a 10. drive→drove 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 【范文】 Dear Mr. Black, I’m a student of yours in Grade Three. And I’m writing to invite you to take part in the activity of the school food club. The activity is going to be held at 9:00 a.m. on Sunday morning in the meeting room of the School Food Club, whose aim is to introduce the traditional food as well as Chinese culture to foreign teachers and students in our school. All the participants will make several kinds of dumplings under some Chinese cooks’ guidance. And later we will enjoy the dumplings made by ourselves. Please join us and enjoy delicious dumplings with us! I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua