北京市东城区2020届高三英语一模试题（Word版附解析）

2020 北京东城高三一模 英语试题 本试卷共 10 页，共 120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled ___1___ (it) number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks ___2___(leave), due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number ___3___(grow) from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years. 【答案】1. its 2. left 3. has grown 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类——苍鹰，在英格兰南部的一个 国家公园数量翻了一倍。这都多亏了自然资源保护主义者的工作。 【1 题详解】 考查代词。句意：苍鹰，一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类，现在在英格兰南部的一个国家公园 里它的数量翻了一番。number 为名词，应用形容词性物主代词 its 修饰。故填 its。 【2 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大约 100 年前，人们认为那里已经没有苍鹰了，因为农民在捕猎它 们，而它们的林地栖息地也被砍伐了。分析句子结构可知 leave 在句中应用非谓语动词形式， 与逻辑主语 goshawks 构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填 left。 【3 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：因此，在过去的两年里，它们的数量从 20 对增长到了 40 对。根据后文 in the past two years 可知应用现在完成时，且主语为 number，助动词用 has。故填 has grown。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One morning, I told my husband jokingly that he’d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated ___4___(start) the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what “drop the ball” meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom ___5___ (hold) an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, “You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,” and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but ___6___ (sweet) cup of coffee ever. 【答案】4. to start 5. holding 6. sweetest 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者和丈夫开玩笑说他没给自己煮咖啡，使自己很难有动力开 始新的一天，结果自己的儿子给自己端来一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡的故事。 【4 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，我开玩笑地告诉丈夫，他把事情搞砸了，因为他没有给 我煮咖啡，我很难有动力开始新的一天。分析句子结构可知 start 在句中应用非谓语动词形式， 且作主语补足语。故填 to start。 【5 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了咖啡的咖啡杯， 杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知 hold 在句中应用非谓语动词形式 作状语，且与逻辑主语 he 构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填 holding。 【6 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：他对我丈夫说:“你犯错误另外，但我弥补了这个错误。”然后他 递给我一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡。结合句意表示“最甜的”应用最高级 sweetest。故填 sweetest。 【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动 词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独 立主格结构。 如第二小题，考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了 咖啡的咖啡杯，杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知 hold 在句中应用 非谓语动词形式作状语，且与逻辑主语 he 构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填 holding。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access ___7___ information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed ___8___ (dramatic) and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority, ___9___ makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task. ___10___ the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place. 【答案】7. to 8. dramatically 9. which 10. How 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。半个世纪以来，互联网改变了整个社会。文章主要说明了互联网对人们生 活的一些影响以及互联网的一些特点和未来的发展。 【7 题详解】 考查介词。句意：获取信息、去银行办理业务和购物从未像现在这样容易。表示“获取”短 语为 access to。故填 to。 【8 题详解】 考查副词。句意：世界发生了巨大的变化，而且仍在以我们无法想象的方式继续变化。修饰 动词 change 应用副词 dramatically。故填 dramatically。 【9 题详解】考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系 代词 which。故填 which。 【10 题详解】 考查连接词。句意：互联网如何发展将决定我们的未来。此处为主语从句，根据句意，从句 中缺少方式状语，故用 how 引导。句首字母要大写。故填 How。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点： 1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用 who 或 whom，指人时通常不用 which 等等。 2、看清楚关系词 句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是 作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用 whose，有时也用 which。作状语要用 when, where, why。 3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why 通 常不引导非限制性定语从句。 4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。 如第三小题，此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代 词 which。故填 which。 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant(巨人) who only roared when he was angry. He would work long days, often ____11____ when I was already in bed. My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him. Hearing the words, “Just wait until your father comes home,” would guarantee the three of us would start ____12____immediately. I was seven years old the night the “giant” became a person, and my ____13____. All it took was the ___14___ of a tiny, dirty kitten. I ____15____ to the sounds of my father coming home from work. I slipped out of bed and moved quietly towards the living room in hopes of spending a few precious minutes ____16____ with my parents without my annoying sisters around. I heard mum say, “We cannot ____17____ it.” What was the “it”? The giant saw me and ____18____ I should sit down near him. I was at a loss, although ____19____ might be a better word, for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before. Unshed(满眶) tears ____20____up in his eyes. 的His cheeks were ____21____ from the ones he had cried earlier. The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat and ____22____ it on my lap. I was soon ____23____, as the giant shared a story with mum. As he spoke, with shaking shoulders caused by ____24____and at times sorrow, he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero. He ____25____ that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking. As he rounded the corner, he heard the most terrible scream of pain. He couldn’t ____26____ what he saw. The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace(火炉). He yelled and ran up to them but it was too ___27___. He couldn’t save the kitten. The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet. “We have to ____28____ it; we have to keep it!” said the giant. “It needs a ____29____,” said mum. “I can help, Mommy!” Reminded of my presence, mum and my hero sent me off to bed. As I fell asleep, I heard mum running some water. We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family. I never saw “the giant” again; I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was ____30____ than he was. 11. A. greeting B. chatting C. returning D. wandering 12. A. waiting B. escaping C. preparing D. behaving 13. A. model B. hero C. tutor D. friend 14. A. visit B. story C. arrival D. life 15. A. awoke B. listened C. rushed D. dreamed 16. A. straight B. alone C. indoors D. gradually 17. A. keep B. leave C. train D. clean 18. A. appealed B. urged C. indicated D. proposed 19. A. regretful B. hopeless C. unwilling D. terrified 20. A. built B. rolled C. blocked D. welled 21. A. wet B. red C. bright D. fresh 22. A. spread B. placed C. led D. dropped 23. A. discovered B. forgotten C. convinced D. relieved24. A. fear B. surprise C. anxiety D. anger 25. A. argued B. emphasized C. explained D. summarized 26. A. believe B. prove C. guess D. judge 27. A. bad B. late C. fast D. far 28. A. help B. cure C. feed D. buy 29. A. meal B. rest C. bath D. lift 30. A. lighter B. purer C. warmer D. larger 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者的父亲是个身形巨大的人，作者和姐妹们都有点畏惧他， 直到作者七岁那年因为父亲救助了一只小猫，从而让作者改变了对父亲的看法。 11 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天工作很长时间，经常在我已经上床睡觉的时候回来。A. greeting 打招呼；B. chatting 聊天；C. returning 返回；D. wandering 漫游。结合后文 when I was already in bed 可知，父亲每天工作到很晚，等到作者已经睡觉了才回家。故选 C。 【12 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证我们三个马上开 始行为规矩起来。A. waiting 等待；B. escaping 逃跑；C. preparing 准备；D. behaving 行动，规 矩地行事。根据上文 My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him.可知作者和姐妹们都 害怕父亲，所以听到“只要等到你父亲回家”这句话，就能保证他们三个马上开始行为规矩 起来。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我七岁的那天晚上，“巨人”变成了一个普通人，成了我的英雄。 A. model 模型；B. hero 英雄；C. tutor 导师；D. friend 朋友。根据最后一段中 I only saw my hero 可知因为后来发生的事情，作者将父亲当做自己的英雄。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所需的不过是一只脏兮兮的小猫咪的到来。A. visit 访问；B. story 【故事；C. arrival 到达；D. life 生活。根据后文可知父亲在回家路上捡回了一只小猫，正是这只 猫的到来，让作者对父亲的看法发生了改变。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲下班回家的声音把我吵醒了。A. awoke 唤醒；B. listened 听； C. rushed 急忙；D. dreamed 梦想。根据后文 I slipped out of bed 可知作者被父亲回家的声音吵醒 了。故选 A。 【16 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从床上悄悄爬起来，朝客厅走去，希望能和父母单独相处几分 钟，远离那些烦人的姐妹。A. straight 直地；B. alone 独自地；C. indoors 在室内；D. gradually 逐渐地。根据后文 without my annoying sisters around.可知作者想要和父母单独相处几分钟。故 选 B。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听到妈妈说:“我们不能养它。”A. keep 饲养，保持；B. leave 离开；C. train 训练；D. clean 清理。根据第四段中 The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat 可知父亲带回了一只小猫，所以这次指的是母亲说不能饲养这只猫。 故选 A。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人看见了我，示意我坐在他旁边。A. appealed 呼吁；B. urged 催 促；C. indicated 示意，表明；D. proposed 提议。根据后文 I should sit down near him.可知父亲 示意作者坐到自己身边。故选 C。 【19 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我茫然不知所措，也许用“恐惧”这个词更恰当些，因为我以 前从未见过或听说过巨人哭泣。A. regretful 后悔的；B. hopeless 绝望的；C. unwilling 不情愿的； D. terrified 恐惧的，害怕的。根据后文 for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before.可知作 者听到了父亲因为猫的事情哭泣，而作者此前从未听到过父亲哭泣，因而现在感到害怕恐惧。 故选 D。 【20 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：满眶的泪水在他眼里涌现。A. built 修建；B. rolled 滚动；C. blocked 阻塞；D. welled 涌出。根据后文 up in his eyes 可知指的是父亲眼里涌出了泪水。well up“涌 出”。故选D。【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润。A. wet 潮湿的；B. red 红色的； C. bright 明亮的；D. fresh 新鲜的。根据后文 from the ones he had cried earlier 可知作者先前听到 了父亲哭泣，所以此刻他的两颊因先前的哭泣而湿润了。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨人把手伸进一个纸板箱，拿出一只脏兮兮的小猫，放在我的腿 上。A. spread 传播；B. placed 放置；C. led 导致；D. dropped 落下。结合后文 it on my lap 可知 父亲将小猫放置在了作者的腿上。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快就被遗忘了，因为巨人跟妈妈讲了一个故事。A. discovered 发现；B. forgotten 忘记；C. convinced 说服；D. relieved 减轻。根据后文 as the giant shared a story with mum.可知父亲和妈妈讲故事去了，把作者忘记了。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他说话的时候，他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖，他从一个巨人 变成了我的英雄。A. fear 害怕；B. surprise 惊讶；C. anxiety 焦虑；D. anger 愤怒。结合后文可 知猫是被两个男人扔了火炉里，父亲没能救出猫，所以对这两个的行为是感到愤怒的。因此 他的肩膀因愤怒和悲伤而颤抖。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他在回家的路上听到两个男人有说有笑的。A. argued 争论；B. emphasized 强调；C. explained 解释；D. summarized 总结。承接上一段中 the giant shared a story with mum，可知他在解释事情的经过。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法相信他所看到的。A. believe 相信；B. prove 证明；C. guess 猜测；D. judge 判断。父亲对两个男人把猫扔进火炉的做法感到震惊，无法相信自己所看到的。 故选 A。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他大叫着跑向他们，但是已经太迟了。A. bad 坏的；B. late 迟的， 晚的；C. fast 快速的；D. far 远的。根据后文 He couldn’t save the kitten.可知父亲想要救猫，但 是已经太迟了。故选 B。 【28 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须帮助它；我们必须养它!”巨人说。A. help 帮助；B. cure 治愈；C. feed 喂养；D. buy 购买。父亲将小猫带回来就是为了帮助它。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它需要洗澡，”妈妈说。A. meal 一餐；B. rest 休息；C. bath 沐 浴；D. lift 举起。根据后文 I heard mum running some water.可知妈妈提议说小猫需要洗澡。故 选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我再也没有看到过“巨人”，我只看到了我的英雄和一个心胸比 他自己更大的人。A. lighter 更轻的；B. purer 更纯的；C. warmer 更温暖的；D. larger 更大的。 结合第一段中 At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant who only roared when he was angry.可知父亲是个身形很巨大的人，但是他救助了一只小猫，说明他 的心胸比他外在的身形更为巨大。故选 D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Joy of Giving Many athletes can light up the scoreboard with their skill. But it takes a special kind of athlete to light up a child’s face. Runner Sanya Richards Ross is a four-time Olympic gold medal winner. She was born in Kingston, Jamaica, and though she now lives in Texas, her passion is helping young people in her homeland through her Fun 4 Kidz Foundation, which tackles illiteracy and promotes a healthy lifestyle. “Education is so important. Jamaica has its share of poor people who don’t have the means to get a great education. When you’re educated, your opportunities are endless. I had great support growing up, but not everyone is so blessed. So far, our program has been in seven schools in Jamaica, helping 400 students,” said Sanya. Houston Texans All-Pro J.J. Watt is all business on the football field. But with children, he is playful and fun loving. He started the Justin J. Watt Foundation to provide after-school sports opportunities for underprivileged children. These activities help the kids learn about teamwork, leadership, and perseverance. He said, “At one of the first schools where we gave out uniforms, a kid told me, ‘It’s the best day of my life. I’m going to be a football player.’ Simple things like that keep me helping kids. Seeing the smile on a kid’s face is everything.” Mia Hamm is one of the greatest soccer players in U.S. National and Olympic history. Inspired by her brother, Garrett, who died from a rare blood disorder, she started the Mia Hamm Foundation to raise awareness and money for those in need of bone marrow or cord blood transplants. As she said, “We do charity soccer games, bringing together unrelated donors and recipients(受助人). To see that reunion is one of the most powerful things you can see. There are a lot of tears when people meet their donors, who are their selfless, thoughtful heroes; who gave them a second chance at life. If I can help reduce the suffering of others, I will gladly do it.” Los Angeles Angels first baseman Albert Pujols is one of baseball’s greats. His daughter, Isabella, has Down Syndrome, a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual growth. Albert and his wife, Deidre, started the Pujols Family Foundation to help children with Down Syndrome. For these athletes, there’s no better feeling than to bring joy to people and to those in need, and seeing a smile on a child’s face at a foundation event or wherever they are involved really makes it all worth it. 31. Which foundation provides poor kids with physical exercise? A. The Mia Hamm Foundation. B. The Justin J. Watt Foundation. C. The Pujols Family Foundation. D. Fun 4 Kidz Foundation. 32. What got Mia Hamm to start charity work? A. Garrett’s death. B. Patients’ suffering. C. Her love for soccer games. D. The selflessness of the donors. 33. Which of the following words can best describe these athletes? A. Wealthy and capable. B. Loyal and reliable.C. Educated and creative. D. Responsible and caring. 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些从事慈善事业的运动员们的情况，对于这些运动员来 说，没有什么比给人们和需要帮助的人带来快乐更好的感觉了，在基金会的活动中或在他们 参与的任何地方看到孩子们脸上的笑容，这一切都会让他们觉得很值得。 【31 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 He started the Justin J. Watt Foundation to provide after-school sports opportunities for underprivileged children.可知他创立了 Justin J. Watt 基金会，为贫困儿童提供课 外运动机会。由此可知，Justin J. Watt 基金会为贫困儿童提供体育锻炼。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Inspired by her brother, Garrett, who died from a rare blood disorder, she started the Mia Hamm Foundation to raise awareness and money for those in need of bone marrow or cord blood transplants.可知她的哥哥 Garrett 死于一种罕见的血液疾病，受他的启发，她创立 了 Mia Hamm 基金会，为那些需要骨髓或脐带血移植的人提高认识，筹集资金。由此可知， 是 Garrett 的去世让 Mia Hamm 开始做慈善工作的。故选 A。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 For these athletes, there’s no better feeling than to bring joy to people and to those in need, and seeing a smile on a child’s face at a foundation event or wherever they are involved really makes it all worth it.可知对于这些运动员来说，没有什么比给人们和那些需要帮 助的人带来快乐更好的感觉了，在基金会的活动上或任何他们参与的地方看到孩子脸上的微 笑都是值得的。由此可推知，这些运动员为有需要帮助的人建立基金会，承担社会责任，说 明他们很有爱心和有责任心。故选 D。 B The National Council for the Traditional Arts (NCTA) is a leading non-profit organization dedicated to the presentation and documentation of folk and traditional arts in the United States. NCTA presents the nation’s very finest artists in festivals, tours, international cultural exchange, workshops, demonstrations and exhibitions, media productions, school programs, and other activities. It works in partnership with communities across America to establish new, sustainable traditional arts events that deliver lasting social and cultural benefits. NCTA seeks Festival Support Staff for 2020 festival season to provide office and on-site support for three large-scale festivals Positions available include: Programming Administration Assistant This is the perfect position for someone with an interest in history, arts management, cultural anthropology, and related fields. Responsibilities include programming research, marketing and promotion, and event organization. The position may also be responsible for press and photo document management, social media updates, and customer service. Qualified applicants will be detail-oriented(细心的) and organized, with excellent people skills and a general interest in the traditional arts. Computer literacy is essential. Contract runs May 1 - December 15. Festival Assistant This is the perfect position for someone with an interest in arts, culture, and event logistics(后勤) who enjoys operating in a fast-paced, collegial small-office environment. The position provides festival staff support. Responsibilities include document creation, travel purchase, logistics support, data entry, and database maintenance. Qualified applicants will be outgoing and open-minded, with effective oral and written communication skills and computer literacy. Prior experience with festival planning is preferred. Contract runs May 18 - October 30. Production Associate The Production Associate is a key member of the production team who will work closely with the Production Manager on all festival audio, backline, and lighting needs, from planning through implementation(实施).The role will contribute to the following key tasks: advancing technical needs with artists, making tech books, accurate record-keeping, and working with NCTA and Festival staff to insure smooth on-site operations. Qualified applicants will be responsible and adaptable, with excellent people skills. Prior experience in concert production is preferred. Contract runs June 15 - October 30. All Positions: Experience with database entry, Microsoft Office, and Adobe Acrobat is required. Must have a clean driving record, or reliable transportation. Some evenings, weekends, and travel required. All positions are full time with contract. Deadline is April 20, 2020. More details and how to apply at: http//ncta-America.com. 34. According to the passage, NCTA ____. A. focuses on cultural and art education B. keeps a record of American traditional arts C. enjoys economic benefits from communities D. aims to help the artists in art-related activities 35. The programming administration assistant will probably_____. A. plan and design program B. create social networking websites C. deal with complaints from customers D. photograph newspapers and documents 36. What is the requirement for all the three positions? A. Driving skills. B. Communication skills. C. Working experience. D. Knowledge on traditional arts. 37. Once employed, one will _________. A. work full time B. travel every week C. start the job in May D. learn database design【答案】34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要为国家传统艺术委员会的一则招聘广告，文章简要介绍了国家传统艺 术委员会，以及三个岗位的一些工作内容和任职要求。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 The National Council for the Traditional Arts (NCTA) is a leading non-profit organization dedicated to the presentation and documentation of folk and traditional arts in the United States.可知国家传统艺术委员会（NCTA）主要是一个非营利组织，致力于介绍和记 录美国的民间和传统艺术。由此可知，NCTA 记录了美国传统艺术。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 Programming Administration Assistant 中 The position may also be responsible for press and photo document management, social media updates, and customer service.可 知该职位还可能负责新闻和照片文档管理、社交媒体更新和客户服务。由此可推知，程序设 计行政助理可能会处理客户的投诉。故选 C。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Programming Administration Assistant 部分中 Qualified applicants will be detail-oriented and organized, with excellent people skills and a general interest in the traditional arts.(合格的申请者将注重细节，组织能力强，具有优秀的人际交往能力和对传统艺术的普遍 兴 趣)；Festival Assistant 部 分 中 Qualified applicants will be outgoing and open-minded, with effective oral and written communication skills and computer literacy.(合格的应聘者应性格开朗， 思想开放，具有有效的口头和书面沟通技巧和计算机知识)；Production Associat 部分中 Qualified applicants will be responsible and adaptable, with excellent people skills.(具有责任心和适 应能力，优秀的人际交往能力)由此可知，这三个职位共同的要求是沟通技巧。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 All positions are full time with contract.可知所有职位均为全职合 同制。由此可知，一旦被录用，就会做全职工作。故选 A。 C We Are Cyborgs RoboCop, the Bionic Woman, Darth Vader-what do these characters have in common? They are all cyborgs-humans who are made more powerful by advanced technology. You might think that cyborgs exist only in fiction, or are a possibility only in the distant future. But cyborg technology already exists. The word “cyborg” was first used in 1960 and defined as an organism “to which external components have been added for the purpose of adapting to new environments”. According to this definition, an astronaut in a spacesuit is an example of cyborg, as the spacesuit helps the astronaut adapt to a new environment-space. More recently, the word has evolved to refer to human beings who have mechanical body parts that make them more than human. Although super-humans like RoboCop are not yet a reality, advances in real-life cyborg technology allow some people to compensate for abilities they have lost, and give other people new and unusual abilities. An example is filmmaker Rob Spence and his bionic eye. Spence injured one of his eyes in an accident. A camera was implanted in his prosthetic eye(假眼). The eye is not connected to his brain or optic nerve(视神经), but it can record what he sees. Spence has used his camera eye to record interviews for a documentary about people with bionic body parts. Some types of cyborg technology replace a lost ability by connecting directly to a person’s nerves. Michael Chorost completely and suddenly lost his ability to hear in July of 2001. Two months later, doctors placed a cochlear implant, a kind of computer, inside his skull. This type of implant connects to auditory nerves and allows a deaf person to hear again. Around the world, over 300,000 people have now been fitted with cochlear implants. These examples of cyborg technology have enabled people to enhance or change their abilities and improve their lives. But does everyone want to use cyborg technology? It might be too late to decide. Cyborg scientist Amber Case argues that most of us are already cyborgs. Anyone who uses a computer or a smartphone, Case claims, is a cyborg. Consider the data that you have in your smartphone. It keeps information for you so you don’t have to remember it: notes, phone numbers, email addresses, messages. It also allows you to communicate with friends and family via telephone, text messages, email, and social networks. The potential benefits of cyborg technology are evident, but can this new technology be harmful, too? Could we become too dependent on cyborg technology-and become less than human? These still remain questions. 38. According to the passage, the cyborg _______. A. is similar to human beingsB. took root in fiction characters C. first appeared in space industry D. has some device attached to the body 39. With the help of cyborg technology, _______. A. eyesight can be restored B. the nerve injury can be repaired C. lost abilities can be replaced by a new skill D. hearing loss can be prevented by cochlear implants 40. Amber Case probably thinks that ______. A. technology makes cyborgs become common B. cyborg technology is crucial to modern society C. the use of mobiles improves cyborg technology D. cyborg technology helps improve human memory 41. What is the author’s attitude toward cyborg technology? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Optimistic. D. Objective. 【答案】38. D 39. C 40. A 41. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了半机械人技术，这是一种通过给人的身体上安装一些外部部件， 让失去的能力可以被一种新技能取代的一种技术。文章举出了一些半机械人技术应用的一例 子，以及人们对这项技术的看法。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 The word “cyborg” was first used in 1960 and defined as an organism “to which external components have been added for the purpose of adapting to new environments”.可 知“cyborg”一词于 1960 年首次被使用，当时被定义为一种“为了适应新环境而加入外部部 件”的生物。由此可知，半机械人指的是的身体上安装有一些外部部件。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Although super-humans like RoboCop are not yet a reality, advances in real-life cyborg technology allow some people to compensate for abilities they have lost, and give other people new and unusual abilities.可知尽管像机械战警这样的超级人类还没有成为现实，但 现实生活中半机械人技术的进步让一些人能够弥补他们失去的能力，并赋予其他人新的和不 寻常的能力。由此可知，在半机械人技术的帮助下，失去的能力可以被一种新技能取代。故 选 C。 【40 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 Cyborg scientist Amber Case argues that most of us are already cyborgs. Anyone who uses a computer or a smartphone, Case claims, is a cyborg. Consider the data that you have in your smartphone. It keeps information for you so you don’t have to remember it: notes, phone numbers, email addresses, messages. It also allows you to communicate with friends and family via telephone, text messages, email, and social networks.可知电子人科学家 Amber Case 认 为，我们中的大多数人已经是半机械人了。Case 称，任何使用电脑或智能手机的人都是半机 械人。考虑一下你智能手机里的数据。它为你保存信息，所以你不必记住笔记，电话号码， 电子邮件地址，消息。它还允许你通过电话、短信、电子邮件和社交网络与朋友和家人交流。 由此可推知，Amber Case 认为科技使半机械人变得普遍。故选 A。 【41 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 The potential benefits of cyborg technology are evident, but can this new technology be harmful, too? Could we become too dependent on cyborg technology-and become less than human? These still remain questions.可知半机械人技术的潜在好处是显而易见的，但这 种新技术也会有害吗？我们会不会变得过于依赖半机械人技术而变得不如人类？这些仍然是 问题。由此可推知，作者提到了半机械人技术的好处，但是也提出了对这种技术是否有害的 疑问，可知作者对半机械人技术的态度是客观的。故选 D。 【点睛】态度、观点及感受类推理判断题。高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者 的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。对于判断情感态度类题目，考生需要分析段落大意、 作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判断出作者的情感态度。学会辨别 清楚文章的体裁。如第四小题，根据最后一段 The potential benefits of cyborg technology are evident, but can this new technology be harmful, too? Could we become too dependent on cyborg technology-and become less than human? These still remain questions.可知半机械人技术的潜在好 处是显而易见的，但这种新技术也会有害吗？我们会不会变得过于依赖半机械人技术而变得 不如人类？这些仍然是问题。由此可推知，作者提到了半机械人技术的好处，但是也提出了 对这种技术是否有害的疑问，可知作者对半机械人技术的态度是客观的。故选 D。D Picture this: It’s 2003 and your family has just finished arguing over which Netflix movies to rent that week. Movies come in the mail and the family watch them throughout the week before sending them back and ordering new ones. Then, fast forward to 2008, and you have started to watch TV shows on Netflix’s new platform. Now, let’s come to the present. You sit down and open up Netflix on your TV and scroll for a while. Then you flip over to Hulu to see if they have anything more interesting to offer. Then you check HBO GO. Finally, you check Disney+. Then you realize that you’re paying for four different streaming services, maybe more. Let’s return to Netflix. More generally, streaming. There are over 100 video streaming services available, as well as quite a few music streaming, including Apple Music, YouTube Music, Google Play, and etc. The streaming world, at least to some, is on its way to getting out of control, with each service requiring its own monthly subscription. And that is just entertainment subscriptions. We haven’t even taken into account subscriptions like Microsoft Office, magazine subscriptions, and email newsletters. Subscriptions started out as a service of convenience, but now, the oversaturation may have become burdensome. The services believe customers will pay more to get the content they want. However, statistics show a growing frustration(失望) among consumers. With so many options, they find it harder than ever to make a decision on what to pick. Not only does the oversaturation of streaming result in confusing navigation, it also creates a financial burden for the consumers. Let’s say if you want to watch Stranger Things , The Handmaid’s Tale , and Game of Thrones , which belong to three different services, you would have to pay nearly $50 a month to access all three of those services, meaning it’s not cheaper, and potentially more expensive, than cable. People cut their cords and went the streaming route because it was simpler and cheaper. Now, it’s just as inconvenient and difficult as cable was, if not more so, and unless you’re limiting yourself to one service, it’s not cheaper. Streaming will survive because we’re in a Golden Age of Media and because each service is able to create high-quality originals. But Golden Ages don’t last, and bubbles tend to burst. Until the inevitable(不可避免的) day when some product or service proves streaming out of date, we must suffer the choices in front of us. The next time you are scrolling through Netflix, Hulu, or whatever, and the overchoice is killing you, maybe you should just go pick up a book instead.42. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs? A. Social progress has promoted the quality of life in the past decade. B. Changes in home entertainment have brought us more options. C. Technology innovation results in different ways of relaxation. D. Netflix has been developing its service patterns. 43. What does the underlined word “oversaturation” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to? A. The large number of subscriptions. B. The frustration caused by poor service. C. The rapidly developing entertainment market. D. The confusing navigation resulting from streaming. 44. According to the passage, streaming services may____. A. enhance user satisfaction B. increase energy consumption C. raise entertainment costs D. realize the resource sharing 45. The author would probably agree that ___. A. the streaming service will have a bright future B. reading has an advantage over streaming service C. there will be some better service to replace streaming D. nothing can end streaming services as long as media exists 【答案】42. B 43. A 44. C 45. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章说明了如今家庭娱乐的变化给人们带来了更多的选择，这些娱乐以四 种流媒体为主。但是流媒体，至少对一些人来说，正在走向失控，文章指出了如今流媒体存 在的一些问题，如大量的订阅导致消费者选择混乱和经济负担的增加。作者最后指出将来也 许会有一些更好的服务来取代流媒体。 【42 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段 It’s 2003 and your family has just finished arguing over which Netflix movies to rent that week.hen, fast forward to 2008, and you have started to watch TV shows on Netflix’s new platform.先是描绘了从 2003 年人们在家为那周该租哪部 Netflix 电影而争吵，到 2008 年开始在 Netflix 的新平台上看电视节目，第二段 中 Then you realize that you’re paying for four different streaming services, maybe more.则是进一 步描绘了如今人们在家看电视时，为四种不同流媒体付费的情况，由此可知，前两段主要讲 了家庭娱乐的变化给我们带来了更多的选择。故选 B。 【43 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 Subscriptions started out as a service of convenience, but now 可知订阅一开 始是一种方便的服务，但现在，过多的订阅可能已经成为一种负担。由此可知，第 3 段下划 线的“oversaturation”一词可能指的是“大量的订阅”。故选A。 【44 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Not only does the oversaturation of streaming result in confusing navigation, it also creates a financial burden for the consumers.可知过于饱和的引流不仅造成了导 流的混乱，也给消费者带来了经济负担。以及后文…meaning it’s not cheaper, and potentially more expensive, than cable 可知……这意味着它并不比有线电视便宜，而且可能比有线电视更贵。 由此可知，流媒体服务可能会提高家庭娱乐成本。故选 C。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 But Golden Ages don’t last, and bubbles tend to burst. Until the inevitable day when some product or service proves streaming out of date, we must suffer the choices in front of us. The next time you are scrolling through Netflix, Hulu, or whatever, and the overchoice is killing you, maybe you should just go pick up a book instead.可知但黄金时代不会持久，泡沫往 往会破裂。直到不可避免的那一天，一些产品或服务被证明是过时的，我们必须忍受我们面 前的选择。下次当你在 Netflix、Hulu 或其他网站上滚动浏览时，过多的选择会杀了你，也许 你应该去拿一本书来代替。由此判断出，作者可能会同意将会有一些更好的服务来取代流媒 体。故选 C。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses(宣传册)introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. ___46___Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. ___47___ Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you. Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life. During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes!____48____ You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up. ___49___Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts -not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up! Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.___50___ If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it! A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics. B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is. C. It is important to find out the selection criteria. D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision? E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it. F. The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits. G. Determine your own criteria –especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study. 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. F 49. C 50. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。由于高等教育部门面临着提供物有所值的压力，现在人们通常认为大学将 为学生提供的不仅仅是一个学位。目前的院校在学术研究、学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和 联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。作者就如何选择适合自己的学校提出了一些建议。【46 题详解】 根据上 文 Most prospectuses introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours.可知目前的院校在学术研究、 学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。结合后文中提出了如何选 择大学的建议，由此可知，本句承上启下，说明有这么多院校该如何做出明智的决定。故 D 选项“有这么多的选择，你怎么能做出明智的决定呢？”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 【47 题详解】 根据上文 Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course.可知在 开放日“亲自”参观一所大学是你真正感受这个地方的唯一方式，并确保你在开始上课时不 会遇到任何不愉快的意外。以及后文 Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you.可知记住，没有最好的大学，只有最适合你的大学。由此可知，本句是 在说明要去参观你选择的大学，而不要被大学的宣传和统计数据所误导，没有最好的大学， 只有最适合自己的大学。故 A 选项“避免被声明和统计数字误导”符合上下文语境，故选A。 【48 题详解】 根 据 后 文 You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up.可知你 会开始忘记重要的事情，除非你把它们放下。 注意你喜欢哪个房间，以及它的价格和位置。 记住，你可能不会得到你的第一选择的住宿，所以有一些其他的心理作为后备。由此可知， 经过几次拜访之后，你所经历的谈话和经验就会融合，导致你忘记重要的事情。故 F 选项“几 次拜访之后，你的谈话和经历就会融合在一起”符合上下文语境，故选 F。 【49 题详解】 根据后文 Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts – not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students.可知参加申请 会议，你可以在那里得到答案。 你甚至可以给招生导师看一份你的个人陈述草稿，并要求他 们给你一些直接的反馈。 问问专家——不仅是招生团队和课程导师，还有现在的学生。由此 可知，本段是在说明找到选择大学的标准的方式。故 C 选项“找出选择标准是很重要的”符 合上下文语境，故选 C。【50 题详解】 根据上文 Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.可知记住，你要优 先考虑你的课程，而不是大学。由此可知，大学出名并不重要，重要的是要优先考虑你的课 程。故 B 选项“这所大学有多出名并不重要”符合上下文语境，故选 B。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15 分） 51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到新冠病毒爆发给 他带来了焦虑，并询问你在疫情期间的生活。请给他回邮件，内容包括： 1．安慰与鼓励； 2．疫情期间你的生活与学习情况； 3. 疫情给你带来的思考。 注意：1．词数不少于 50； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：新冠病毒 novel coronavirus； Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I do understand how you feel. The outbreak of novel coronavirus is a big challenge to every one of us. Please don’t be so anxious. With everybody standing together, I’m sure we can defeat the virus. We can do our bit in this battle! I’d like to share what I have done in the past three months. To help prevent the virus from spreading, I have responded to the government’s call and stayed at home with my families. While keeping an eye on the situation, I have been studying with the help of the online course offered by our school. Communicating with my teachers and classmates online, I have never felt lonely. Besides, I have kept on doing some inside sports to keep fit and helped my mom with the housework. Not going out is my way to fight the virus. Thinking of the medical staff, we have no reason not to discipline ourselves. We need to thank them and at the same time, treasure our life. Please take care of yourself. Keep calm and carry on! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类写作。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在给你 的邮件中提到新冠病毒爆发给他带来了焦虑，并询问你在疫情期间的生活。请给他回邮件， 内容包括：1．安慰与鼓励；2．疫情期间你的生活与学习情况；3. 疫情给你带来的思考。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：novel coronavirus (新冠病毒)；outbreak (爆发)； defeat (打败)；prevent from (阻止)；with the help of(在……的帮助下)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用现 完成时和一般现在时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 I’d like to share what I have done in the past three months.运用了宾语从句；To help prevent the virus from spreading, I have responded to the government’s call and stayed at home with my families.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节（20 分） 52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给学校英文报投稿，记 述学校法制宣传周期间的系列活动。 注意：1. 词数不少于 60 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 在提示词：模拟法庭 moot court Legal Awareness Week was opened in our school. A series of activities were carried out. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 【答案】Legal Awareness Week was opened in our school. A series of activities were carried out. On Monday morning, an expert was invited to our school and delivered a lecture on law knowledge. We learned about the basic rules of law and some legal cases from the lecture. After that we got down to making some posters. We put up the posters on the bulletin board, aiming to enhance the understanding of laws. The next day, we took part in a moot court to experience what a real trial was like. Several students acted as judges and lawyers, having a heated argument about legal issues. The vivid presentation on the moot court drew us closer to the law. A class meeting was held as scheduled on Friday. We shared what we had learned during the week. All of us expressed that we had deepened the understanding of the law and it was of great importance to raise our legal awareness. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇图画类写作。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先 后顺序，给学校英文报投稿，记述学校法制宣传周期间的系列活动。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：deliver a lecture (发表演讲)；put up (张贴)；enhance (增强)；take part in (参加)；moot court(模拟法庭)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般过去时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 We put up the posters on the bulletin board, aiming to enhance the understanding of laws. 非谓语动词的运用；The next day, we took part in a moot court to experience what a real trial was like.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文 章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。