2020高考英语新冠肺炎重难题型专题专练 阅读理解七选五 短文改错

2020 高考新冠病毒及其相关高考模拟命题 七选五阅读和短文改错专题（三） 七选五 ____36____ After a new-type coronavirus was detected in viral pneumonia cases in Central China's Wuhan city a month ago, more cases have been reported in recent days. ___37____: 1. Wear masks outdoors • Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected as the virus is predominantly spread in droplets. • Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin so that your nose and mouth are both covered. • If you're not feeling well or have symptoms such as cough, fever, fatigue and trouble breathing, a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others. • ___38____ as they may lead to oxygen deficient(缺乏) if worn for long periods. 2. Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissue Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hands directly. 3. ____39____ Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds, especially: • Before eating and after using the toilet • After returning home • After touching trash or garbage • After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes4. Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly • ____40____ • Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports. Wear a mask if transport or movement is necessary. • Seek prompt medical attention if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory infection. • Avoid close contact with people who have flu or cold-like symptoms. • Eat thoroughly cooked meat and eggs. Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection. A. How to wash your hands in a correct way B. How to keep yourself safe from new coronavirus C. All-out efforts are needed to ensure that prevention and control work in Wuhan D. To prevent catching the infection, here's what you can do E. Medical masks used by medical workers are not recommended for common people F. Exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any infections. G. Wash your hands frequently and properly Key: B D E G F 语法填空 The National Health Commission of China has changed the official English name of the disease caused by the novel coronavirus __1__ COVID-19, adopting the title __2__(create) by the World Health Organization. In early February, the commission __3__(temporary) named the disease as novel coronavirus pneumonia, or NCP, __4__ there was no official English name. The temporary name __5__(adpot) by Chinese government agencies and the media to discourage __6__ use of misleading titles by foreign media that stigmatized(污名化) the Chinese people. Now China would refer to the disease in the same way __7__ the WHO, the commission said. China has been cooperating with the WHO __8__(fight) the COVID-19 outbreak. WHO Director General Tedros said on Friday night that its delegation of international __9__(expert) will arrive in Wuhan on Saturday. The team of experts had been examining __10__(prevent) efforts in Beijing, as well as Guangdong and Sichuan provinces, since arriving last weekend. 答案： 1. to 2. created 3. temporarily 4. when 5. was adopted 6. the 7. as 8. Fighting 9. experts 10. preventive / prevention [短文改错] It can be seen from the picture Mr ． Liu ， who wears a mask ． was walking his dog．Interestingly，his dog which also wears a mask． In recent year，air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas，which have led to severe consequences．To solve this problem，firstly of all，we should raise the public awareness of protecting the environment ． Secondly ， the government ought to punish the illegal acts as polluting the environment severe．Thirdly，we must do our best to protecting the environment in our daily life ．Only in this way can human beings and animals share a pleasant planet or live a happy life． 参考答案： 短文改错 第一句：picture 后加 that；was→is 第二句：删除 which 第三句：year→years；have →has 第四句：firstly→first 第五句：as→of；severe→severely 第六句：protecting→protect 第七句：or→and 阅读理解： Education officials and industry experts are debating the future of online learning. The discussion is important because hundreds of universities in the United States have recently moved classes online because of the spread of the novel coronavirus（冠状病毒）. For Asha Choksi, the rise of Internet-based or online study programs has led to major improvements in higher education. “It’s actually given a lot more power to students in terms of how, when and where they learn,” the head of research for Pearson Education said. Classes meet online through video conferencing. In this way, students are able to communicate with each other and their professors even when they are far away from school. However, recent research suggests the majority of college students and professors prefer in-person instruction, because they are concerned that companies supervising （ 监 管 ） online learning programs are not clear about the policies they have with the schools they serve. “Students see in-class lectures as opportunities to engage with instructors, peers, and content.” the researchers wrote. In-person learning is especially important in fields like healthcare and teaching. Online education can never really take its place, said Stephanie Hall, a fellow with the independent policy research group The Century Foundation. “Students need to experience...what they’re learning about, reading about or hearing about in the classroom. And I don’t know yet the degree to which technology can facilitate that.” “When schools make agreements with online program managers to run their online programs, they often do not make important information available to students,” Hall said. This includes how much control the company has over the design of the program or whether the faculty leading the classes was involved in their design. In addition, many colleges and universities advertise online programs as a low cost opportunity for students. But in some cases, students attending in-person classes get financial aid and online students do not. 1. What does Choksi think of the online study programs? A. They offer students more choices in study. B. They reform the country’s education system. C. They provide advanced scientific knowledge. D. They promote the development of technology. 2. According to most college students and professors, what’s the advantage of in-person learning? A. It is convenient. B. It costs less to study. C. It can better meet school policies. D. It can improve students’ communication skills. 3. What does the underlined word “facilitate” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Change. B. Apply. C. Achieve. D. Control. 4. What is Hall’s attitude towards online education? A. Hopeful. B. Critical. C. Uncaring. D. Neutral. 【参考答案】ACCB 单词学习 1. engage with 接触；打交道 financial aid 经济援助 长难句分析 However, recent research suggests the majority of college students and professors prefer in-person instruction, because they are concerned that companies supervising online learning programs are not clear about the policies they have with the schools they serve. 【分析】“the majority of college students and professors prefer…they serve”为“suggests”的 宾语从句；宾语从句主干为“the students and professors prefer in-person instruction”，“because they are concerned that...with the schools they serve”为“because”引导的原因状语从句；其中 “companies supervising online learning...schools they serve”为“concerned”的宾语从句，“they have with the schools they serve”作定语，修饰“policies”。 【翻译】然而，最近的研究表明，大多数大学生和教授更喜欢面对面教学，因为他们担 心监管网络学习项目的公司不了解他们所服务的学校的政策。 知识拓展 Coronavirus 冠状病毒，是一个大型病毒家族，已知可引起感冒以及中东呼吸综合征 (MERS)和严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)等较严重疾病。人体感染冠状病毒后常见体征有发热、 咳嗽、气促和呼吸困难等呼吸道症状。在较严重病例中，感染可导致肺炎、严重急性呼吸综 合征、肾衰竭，甚至死亡。 声明: 原文选自 VOA 七选五阅读： Reasons Why Physical Education is Important in School^p Are you looking for information about the importance of physical education in schools and why it should be emphasized? Do you want a healthy active lifestyle for your kids? Then this article can help you convince your kids that exercising and participation especially in school PE classes are important. It's a link to good health. It's only in physical education classrooms that students learn the value of taking care of themselves through proper healthy eating and regular exercise. It's preventive measure against diseases. Without any forms of diet management and control with the numerous processed foods students intake every day, a student's health can easily be at risk of many diseases. Physical education in schools is a preventive measure to teach students the value of regular exercise. Physical health allows students to function even better in classrooms. A good cardiovascular(心血管的) system developing from regular exercise promotes excellent blood and oxygen circulation. This means more nutrients circulate throughout the body which includes the brain. This circulation produces longer attention time during classes allowing longer concentration and better absorption. It builds self-esteem Students who are active in physical activities like basketball, volleyball and running are more confident with themselves according to most social school studies. In school, the physical education program introduces these sport activities to students allowing them to make choices of which sport areas they want to get involved in. Most physical education programs are holistic. The program allows students to interact together to a common goal, that is, to win and excel physically. It not only brings out the competitive sides of students working with both body and mind but also promotes sportsmanship. It promotes a physically active lifestyle. The purpose of physical education is to instill（逐渐灌输） in students, at an early age, the value of self-preservation and choosing a lifestyle that is good for both the mind and body. A. Physical education plays a vital role in students' development and growth. B. It's a program for muscle strength and fitness. C. It's probably because of the dedication made to a sport that brings out the best in students. D. It develops cooperation, teamwork and sportsmanship. E. The value of physical fitness cannot be overstated too much. F. It promotes academic learning. G. Many doctors today agree that obesity is a serious health risk. 【答案】E；G；F；C；D 【考点】任务型阅读，七选五 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了体育课重要的原因。 （1）考查对上下文语境的理解。根据后句内容只有在体育课上学生才能真正了解到健 康是体育锻炼加健康饮食的结果。所以前句应该是说关于身体健康的价值不应该被夸大。故 选 E。 （2）考查对上下文语境的理解。根据标题体育锻炼是抵御疾病的有效措施。再根据文 章后句不控制饮食，学生的健康很容易处于得病的风险。所以此处应该填很多医生同意肥胖 是一个严重影响健康的问题。故选 G （3）考查对上下文语境的理解。根据文章结构可知此处与第二，第三段的小标题并列。 又根据下文第一句话身体健康是的孩子在课堂上表现良好，所以，体育锻炼可以促进学习。 故选 F （4）考查对上下文语境的理解。根据此段内容可知，参加体育项目可以增加学生的自 信心。所以此处表达参加体育项目的好处，故选 C。 （5）考查对上下文语境的理解。根据下文内容体育项目是学生为了共同的目标彼此互动，合作，培养团队精神。故选 D。 【点评】本文考查学生对上下文语境的理解。因此考生在理解的基础上，进行合理的逻 辑思维推断。 Parents Model Healthy Eating It should come as no surprise that the more stressed parents are at work, the greater the burden on their family is________ After all, the more time parents spend working, the less time and energy they have to plan and prepare healthful meals. For years, most studies have focused on the role of working mothers while fathers were ignored. They didn't look at the family as a whole________ adds a new wrinkle（褶皱）to the relationship between work stress and family nutrition. Mom's work related stress is still a central factor in low well families eat because they typically do most of the food shopping and cooking________ The study found that when mom or dad experience high levels of work related stress, their families are eating one-and-a-half fewer family meals per week, and the parents themselves report eating fewer fruits and vegetables, more fast food, and are less likely to eat breakfast regularly. It's worth noting that the study looked mainly at low income families who belonged to ethnic （民族的）or minority groups________ But the implications are wide ranging. ________Teaching kids, especially teenagers, to help with grocery shopping and to cook actual meals, instead of just putting a frozen pizza in the microwave, could be an important piece of the puzzle in helping families improves their eating habits. A. And the role of fathers in particular B. But dad's work related stress has a large impact, too. C. Yet, the kids' stress may influence the families' nutrition, too. D. So the findings don't necessarily apply directly to other types of families.E. When it comes to family nutrition, the entire family plays a role even kids. F. It's also probably not a surprise that this can negatively affect a family's nutrition. G. It is parents who give their kids a good model to develop a good eating habit. 【答案】F；A；B；D；E 【考点】说明文，任务型阅读 【解析】【分析】这篇是说明文，文章主要讲了父母塑造了健康的饮食，当提到家庭营养， 全家人都扮演着角色，甚至是孩子们。 （1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。After all, the more time parents spend working, the less time and energy they have to plan and prepare healthful meals. 这里提到父母的工作时 间越长，他们准备健康饮食的时间和精力就越少，所以前面会说他们消极地影响着家庭的营 养，这也不足为怪了，所以选 F。 （2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。For years, most studies have focused on the role of working mothers while fathers were ignored. They didn't look at the family as a whole 中提到 父亲的家庭角色经常被忽视，可知这里意思是特别是父亲们扮演的角色，所以选 A。 （3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。在 The study found that when mom or dad experience high levels of work related stress, their families are eating one-and-a-half fewer family meals per week, and the parents themselves report eating fewer fruits and vegetables, more fast food, and are less likely to eat breakfast regularly. 中捕捉到关键词 related stress 可知这里意思 是和压力有关系的父亲的工作会产生更大的影响，所以选 B。 （4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。It's worth noting that the study looked mainly at low income families who belonged to ethnic or minority groups. 这里提到了不同类型的家庭， 所以可知这里意思是所以这个调查结果并不直接适用于其他类型的家庭，所以选 D。 （5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据 Teaching kids, especially teenagers, to help with grocery shopping and to cook actual meals, instead of just putting a frozen pizza in the microwave, could be an important piece of the puzzle in helping families improves their eating habits. 这里提到了全家人在家庭营养中扮演着角色的问题，可知这里意思是当提到家庭营养，全家人都扮演着角色，甚至是孩子们，所以选 E。 【点评】七选五题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结 构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点 来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章 的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。 Confidence is a skill that many folks want to master, but have a hard time acquiring. Have you ever wondered why? Possibly you were born confident. You were talked to negatively as a child or maybe you were rejected many times. Whatever the case is________ But how to boost your confidence? Begin to act as if you are confident. Act as the person you would want to be like________ Surround yourself with people who you think are confident and have high value. You will learn so much from observing other confident folks. ________One of the most areas that you need to pay attention to is your self-talk. Your thoughts about your capabilities and self-worth need to be positive and encouraging. Whenever you notice you think negatively, pause and take a moment, and shift your focus to something that can help you feel better about yourself. Go after your goals. If you are really serious about building self-confidence, you need to identify your goals and go after them. The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills________ By using these steps to boost your confidence________ A. Always stay positive. B. Improve your self-talk. C. Begin to think and behave like them. D. This requires you to know what a confident person looks like.E. you will be on the path to improving your self-esteem (自尊) and self-worth. F. You'll begin to trust your inner self more and appreciate yourself more. G. you should know you can improve your self-esteem and build confidence. 【答案】G；D；B；F；E 【考点】说明文，任务型阅读 【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，作者针对如何提高自信这一问题，给出了自己的一些建 议。 1）语义理解题。前文提到了人们可能没有自信的原因，下文又提到了怎样增加你的自信， （你应该知道你能提高自己的自尊心和树立信心。）承上启下。故答案 G。 （2）语义理解题。Surround yourself with people who you think are confident and have high value. You will learn so much from observing other confident folks.这里提到了学习和观察你周 围自信的人们，所以前一句应该说这要求你知道一个自信的人看起来是什么样子的，故答案 D。 （3）语义理解题。在下文 One of the most areas that you need to pay attention to is your self-talk.捕捉到关键词 self-talk，故答案 B。 （4）语义理解题。If you are really serious about building self-confidence, you need to identify your goals and go after them. The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills.上文提到了如何增加自信的问题，所以接下来会说你将 更加信任内心的自己，更加欣赏自己，故答案 F。 （5）语义理解题。By using these steps to boost your confidence,上文提到了通过这些步骤， 可以增强你的信心，所以接下来会说你将在提高自尊和自我价值的路上，故答案 E。 【点评】解题技巧： 1.快速阅读全文要点词句，包括首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的 句子。目的是掌握文章的主要内容。2.了解了文章主题， 解答题目。此时需要回到文中，重点阅读空格附近的句子，圈定线 索词，再和选项进行比对，锁定和线索相关的选项，从而确定答案。 3.排除多余项，确定答案，并将答案代入原文，看文章从内容上、逻辑上是否通顺连贯， 直白地说，就是检查文章是否读得通、读得懂，符合逻辑。