2020年山东临沂实验学校高考英语模拟试卷（十一）（Word版附答案）

2020 年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷（十一） 英 语 （考试时间：100 分钟 ） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮 擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Indonesia has said the country would be removing its capital city, in part because it's sinking into the Java Sea. Jakarta is one of the fastest sinking cities in the world, according to the World Economic Forum, due to rising sea levels and the over-extraction of groundwater. But it isn't the only city in trouble. Here's a look at some others that are also at risk. Houston Houston has been sinking for decades and, like Jakarta, the over-extraction of groundwater is partly to blame. The Houston Chronicle reported that parts of Harris County, which contains Houston, have sunk between 10 and 12 feet (about 3 meters), since the 1920s, according to data from the US Geological Survey. Areas have continued to fall as much as 2 inches per year, an amount that can quickly add up. Lawmakers have tried to address the issue, creating a special purpose district meant to regulate the withdrawal of groundwater in 1975. But the problem has persisted, with privately owned wells and water suppliers continuing to pull from aquifers(蓄水层). Lagos The city of Lagos sits on the coast of Nigeria, constructed partly on the mainland, partly on some nearby islands. It's also Africa's most populous city. Its geography makes Lagos especially easily flooded, and the coastline has already been eroding. As sea levels rise due to global warming, the city is increasingly at risk. One study from 2012 revealed that, because Nigeria's coastline is so low, a sea level rise of just 3 to 9 feet (about 1 to 3 meters) "will have a catastrophic effect on the human activities in these regions." Washington Washington is one of the most important cities in the US -- and it's also sinking. Research from 2015 showed that America's capital will drop more than 6 inches (15 centimeters) in the next 100 years. But unlike Jakarta, Washington's sinking has nothing to do with aquifers or rising sea levels -- it's actually because of an ice sheet from the last ice age. A mile-high ice sheet pushed land beneath the Chesapeake Bay upward. When the ice sheet melted, thousands of years ago, the land settled back down. The researchers now believe that the area is gradually sinking, a process that could last thousands of years. 1. What is the common reason for the sinking between Houston and Jakarta? A. the soft land B. rising sea level C. the eroding coastline D. over-extraction of groundwater 2. What does the writer’s attitude towards the result of Huston lawmakers addressing the sinking problems? A. positive B. indifferent C. unknown D. negative 3. Which of the following sinking cities has a striking different reason with others? A. Houston B. Lagos C. Washington D. Jakarta B Daban town is famous for girls and windmills, while Loulan is a myth (神话) in the desert. Two thousand years ago, beside the beautiful Luobu Lake, there lay Loulan ancient city of the Silk Road. Businessmen from every country gathered here and there were lots of dancing parties. Everything shows that people in Loulan lived a rich life then. However, two thousand years later, this rich land suddenly disappeared from the map of China. It became an area covered with sand and dead tree trunks. Loulan was first “discovered” by a Swedish man named Sven Hedin in 1900, and people from America, Britain, Japan and Sweden all set foot here. Then in the 1930s, a Chinese named Huang Wenbi came to Loulan for the first time. He visited and studied this area and found many relics that were beautifully and carefully made. It is recorded that the ancient city of Loulan was the capital of the Loulan Kingdom during the Han and Jin Dynasties, and covered an area of some 10,000 square kilometres. Inside the city, there are the ruins of government offices, temples and other old buildings. Outside the city there are some driedup rivers and much farmland. In the past century many things have been dug up there including Han Dynasty coins, mirrors and many others of Greek and Roman times. All these things show that a lot of business between the East and the West once took place there. Lying on the northwest of the Lop Nur area, the Loulan Kingdom is now a lifeless area with endless “forests” of mounds (小丘) which aren't easily seen in other parts of the world. Its mystery has been attracting many people from many countries.4．The first person setting foot in Loulan in the 20th century was ________. A．a European B．an American C．a Chinese D．a Japanese 5．Before Loulan disappeared, ________. A．there was no government in that area B．people from America and Japan had been there C．a lifeless area with lots of mounds could be easily seen there D．much business between the East and the West had taken place there 6．What can be inferred from the text? A．Loulan was destroyed by the terrible weather there. B．Wars between the countries made Loulan disappear. C．Too many people gathered in Loulan and destroyed it. D．How Loulan ancient city disappeared is still unknown to us. 7．What makes so many people visit the Loulan Kingdom now? A．Its pretty girls. B．Its developing business. C．Its mystery. D．Its beautiful scenery. C Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind. Two of your students are trapped in a “he said/she said” battle. When you reflect on your emotional reactions, you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings, which can make you feel even worse. If so, the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”, the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively. According to a research, when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event, they make better sense of their reactions, experience less emotional suffering, and display fewer signs of stress. But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical “he said/she said” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings. One is thinking, “I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists, “She really hurt my feelings.” However, if you ask them to take the self-distancing, they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation?” or “How did her anger affect him?” Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective, studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think, feel, and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try. First, consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation. Besides, avoid using the pronoun “I”. Focus on using third-person pronouns, he, she, they, and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. Finally, ask yourself, “How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate, concrete circumstances. 8. What is self-distancing? A. Getting stuck in negative emotions. B. A stressful situation. C. A study on relieving emotional stress. D. Reflecting on yourself objectively. 9. Paragraph 2 is developed by____. A. example B. definition C. classification D. process 10. Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing? A. I’m angry with him. B. How I wish I could go back to the past! C. How did these two people get to this point? D. He grabbed my notes, and then, and then 11. What is the best title for the passage? A. Why Self-distancing Matters B. The Application of Self-distancing C. Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection D. Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactions D Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music. A recent study suggests that preterm ( 早 产 的 ) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr. Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations. Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological ( 神 经 的 ) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk. Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non-musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70-year-old musician hears better than a 50-year-old non-musician, even in a noisy environment. Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown-away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管 的) system. 12.How does music affect preterm babies? A. It helps reduce their pain. B. It helps develop their potential in music. C. It helps improve their hearing systems. D. It helps repair their neurological systems. 13.What does the underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Lead to B. Increase C. Prevent D. Break into 14.Why can music mend a broken heart? A. It has a positive effect on human body systems’ work. B. It can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety. C. It helps make a person feel optimistic about life. D. It can help patients recover in a slow way. 15.What may be the best title for the text? A. Who can benefit from music B. The best time to listen to music C. The way to choose quality music D. How music affects our mind and body 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Lavender essential oil (薰衣草精油) is obtained mostly from the flowers of the lavender plant. It has not only been used in making perfumes for many years but also has various health benefits.__16__ Lavender essential oil is known as an excellent treatment for various types of pains including those caused by sore and tense muscles, muscular aches, backache, and so on. A study on postoperative pain relief showed that combining lavender essential oil vapor with the oxygen significantly reduced the amount of pain experienced. Promote sleep. Frequent studies on elderly patients have shown an increase in their sleep regularity when their normal sleep medication is replaced with some lavender essential oil being placed on their pillows. __17__ Therefore, it often replaces modern medicines for sleep issues. Reduce mental stress and anxiety. Lavender essential oil has a calming scent which makes it an excellent treatment for the nerve and anxiety issues. The refreshing aroma removes nervous exhaustion and restlessness while also increasing mental activity. __18__ Provide hair care. __19__ A Scottish study reported that more than 40% of alopecia (脱发) patients in the study reported an increase in hair growth when they regularly applied lavender essential oil to the skin under their hair. Therefore, lavender oil is sometimes recommended as a preventative measure for male pattern hairlessness. __20__ There is a significant research on the effects of lavender, in combination with other essential oils, as a way to prevent the occurrence of breast cancer in mice. However, this could be an indication of an increased chance of lavender battling the presence of other cancers. A. Prevent cancer. B. Relieve muscle pain. C. It has a relaxing impact on people. D. Promote muscle strength and health. E. It has a well－researched impact on the automatic nervous system. F. Lavender essential oil is very helpful in the treatment of hair loss. G. Therefore, it can be helpful in treating depression, nervous tension and emotional stress. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Scientists in Norway have some good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, 21 one’s risk of developing some diseases, promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce one’s risk of premature(早于预期的) death, among many other 22 . Now it is said that a cup of 23 reduces physical pain. The surprising finding is 24 a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to 25 pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to 26 how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated(忍受) the pain of such tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test “to avoid 27 effects of caffeine lack, e.g. decreased vigor, sleepiness, and exhaustion.” they reported. When it came time to analyze the data, the researchers from Norway’s National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a 28 intensity(强度) of pain than the 29 people who didn’t. In the shoulders and neck, 29 the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the non-coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee’s obvious pain-reduction effect 30 . However, the authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal, BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many 31 . For starters, the researchers don’t know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed(消耗) before taking the computer tests. 32 , they doubt whether the coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers were 33 in all aspects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to 34 the importance of the findings. But those doubts are 35 to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit. 21．A．take B．reduce C．increase D．face 22．A．trends B．advice C．benefits D．promotions 23．A．milk B．water C．coke D．coffee 24．A．based on B．fond of C．different from D．regarded as 25．A．cause B．indicate C．ease D．relieve 26．A．warn B．compare C．cure D．treat 27．A．unpleasantB．modest C．significant D．positive 28．A．lower B．higher C．shorter D．longer 29．A．in additionB．as a result C．for example D．in one word 30．A．turned up B．took up C．put up D．gave up 31．A．satisfactionB．uncertainties C．attention D．response 32．A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Nevertheless 33．A．guilty B．similar C．different D．proper 34．A．realize B．observe C．measure D．weaken 35．A．unlikely B．orderly C．jealous D．capable 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On Oct．16，2018，one of the two co-founders of Microsoft，Paul G．Allen， 56 (die)at age 65 from cancer． When 57 comes to Microsoft，the first person we think of was Bill Gates，the other co-founder of the firm．58.，Allen was just as important to the 59 (create)of the company．Allen was，many people say，a much quieter person ． He was content with the science side of things ， while Gates has the 60 (good)head for business． When the pair started Microsoft in the mid-1970s ， they focused on the microcomputer industry．Microcomputers were small computers 61 (design)to be used in the home． 62 they lacked，though， was an operating system，which is where Microsoft came in．The company’s big break came in 1980，63 Microsoft created the MS-DOS operating system．Later came Windows． After Allen passed away，Bill Gates made a statement 64 (praise)Alien，“Even in high school，before most people knew what a personal computer was，Paul predicted that chips would get super-powerful and would 65 (eventual)give rise to a whole new industry．” 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友 Tom 约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。 请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 解释原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意： 1. 词数 120~150； 2. 可适当增加细节。 第二节 (满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左 右。 Mr. Plumbean lived on a street where all the houses were the same. He liked it that way. So did everybody else on Mr. Plumbean's street. Then one day a seagull flew over Mr. Plumbean's house and made a big orange splot(斑块) on Mr. Plumbean's house. “Oh! Too bad!” everybody said. “Mr. Plumbean will have to paint his house again.”So Mr. Plumbean got some blue paint and some white paint, and that night he got busy. He painted at night because it was cooler. When the paint was gone, the roof was blue. The walls were white. And the big orange splot was still there. Then he got some more paint. He got red paint, yellow paint, green paint, and purple paint. In the morning the other people on the street came out of their houses. Their houses were all the same. But Mr. Plumbean's house was like a rainbow. It was like a jungle. It was like an explosion. There was the big orange splot. And there were little orange splots. There were stripes. There were pictures of elephants and lions and pretty girls and steam-shovels. That day Mr. Plumbean bought carpenter's tools. That night he built a tower on top of his roof, and he painted a clock on the tower. At night the next day Mr. Plumbean got a truck full of green things. He planted palm trees, baobabs , bushes, and onions. When the other people came out of their houses, they saw Mr. Plumbean swinging between two palm trees and Mr. Plumbean was drinking lemonade. Plumbean has gone too far! “Plumbean, what have you done to your house?” the people shouted. “My house is me and I am it. My house is where I like to be and it looks like all my dreams,” Mr. Plumbean said. The people went away. They asked the man who lived next door to Mr. Plumbean to go and have a talk with him. "Tell him that we all liked it here before he changed his house. Tell him that his house has to be the same as ours so we can have a neat street." 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1 The man went to see Mr. Plumbean that evening. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Then, one by one, they went to see Mr. Plumbean, late at night. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________2020 年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷（十一）答案 英 语 1---3.DDC 4—7 ADDC 8-11DACC 12-15 A C A D 16—20 B C G FA 21-25 BCDAA 26-30 BAACA 31-35 BABDA 36. died 37. It 38. However 39. Creation 40. Better 41.designed 42.What 43. When 44. to praise/ praising 45. eventually 应用文写作 Dear Tom, How are you doing? We planned to go on a trip to Beijing next weekend. But I can’t travel with you. I am so sorry for that! I am writing to express my heartfelt apology to you. How I wish I would go with you! However, I am chosen to take part in the CCTV national English speech contest next weekend, which really means a lot to me. You know I have always been looking forward to such an opportunity to improve my English ability. As a result, I have no choice but to break my promise with you. I believe that if you were me, you would make the same choice. I would appreciate it if you allow me to fix another time. Will you be available in July? If so, we can pay a visit to Beijing then, shall we? Please drop me a line to let me know your decision soon. Hopefully, you would accept my apology and understand my situation. Yours truly, LiHua读后续写 Paragraph 1 The man went to see Mr. Plumbean that evening. They sat under the palm trees drinking lemonade and talking all night long. Early the next morning the man went out to get rope and nails and paint. When the people came out of their houses they saw a red and yellow ship next door to the house of Mr. Plumbean. “What have you done to your house?” they shouted at the man. “My house is where I like to be and it looks like all my dreams,” said the man, who had always loved ships. Paragraph 2 Then, one by one, they went to see Mr. Plumbean, late at night. They would talk about their dreams. Whenever anybody visited Mr. Plumbean's house, the very next day that person would set about changing his own house to fit his dreams. Whenever a stranger came to the street, the stranger would say, “This is not a neat street.” Then all the people would say, “Our street is us and we are it. Our street is where we like to be, and it looks like all our dreams.”