2020 年高考英语终极抢分密卷（北京卷）03
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Which sea animal is 1． (good) at escaping? The answer may be the octopus(章鱼). An octopus’ body is very
soft. There are no bones in it. The small animal has just two little hard parts in 2． (it) mouth. So it can go into very
small spaces. An octopus weighing about 230g can pass 3． a 2.5cm-wide hole.
【答案】1．best 2．its 3．through
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最擅长逃跑的海洋动物---章鱼。
1．best 考查副词最高级。句意：哪一种海洋动物最擅长于逃跑呢？根据句意可知此处应用最高级，be best at
是 be good at 的最高级形式，意为：最擅长于……。
2．its 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这种小动物只是在嘴里有两个很小的坚硬部分。根据后面的名词 mouth
可知前面应用形容词性物主代词，用 its 意为:章鱼的…。
3．through 考查介词。句意：体重达到 230 克的一只章鱼可以穿过 2.5 厘米宽的洞。根据句意可知此处考查
短语 pass through“穿过”。
B
A US astronaut, Christina Koch, spent 328 days in space, which is a record for a female astronaut. She
completed her mission, landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.
Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied 4． people are able to live outside
Earth. Her time in space allows researchers 5．( study) the effects of a long-term spaceflight on the female body.
NASA says the findings 6．( help) the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.
【答案】4．if/whether5．to study 6．will help
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述美国女宇航员 Christina Koch 完成了她在太空的 328 天。以及她在太
空期间的研究价值。
4．if/whether 考查名词性从句。句意：Koch 完成了 6 次太空行走，她还做了一些实验来研究人类是否能够
在地球之外生活。分析句子，设问处放在 studied 后，属于宾语从句。宾语从句部分不缺主语（people）和宾语（outside Earth）。故该空应填连接词或连接副词。通过分析句意，此处缺“是否”之意。
5．to study 考查非谓语动词。句意：她在太空的经历使研究人员能够研究长期太空飞行对女性身体的影响。
分析句子，该简单句中除了提示词外还有动词“allow”，故该提示词需填非谓语动词。又因为固定搭配：allow
sb to do sth 译为“允许某人做某事”。
6．will help 考查时态。句意：美国宇航局表示，这些发现将有助于该机构未来的月球和火星任务。分析句
子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故该处要填动词的时态。又因为句中有 future missions（将来的任
务）。是一般将来时的提示词。
C
Do you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life? If you do, then you are a very lucky
person. ___7___ if not, then read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
It tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor, Morrie Schwartz. ___8___
you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease.
When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of ___9___ (wise) about love,
life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. As a beautiful tale ___10___ (deliver) many
powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyone’s reading list.
【答案】7. But 8. As/When/Once/If/After 9. wisom 10. delivering
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《相约星期二》这本书的主要内容。
7. But 考查连词。根据空格前的“If you do…”和空格后的“if not…”可知，空格前后之间是转折关系。
8. As/When/Once/If/After 考查连词/介词。句意：你读了这本书，你将从一位死于卢格里格病的教授身上学
到一些非常有意义的教训。根据空格后的句意和语境可知，此处可以用 as“当……时”或 when“当……时”或
once“一旦”或 if“如果”或 after“……之后”。
9. wisdom 考查词性转换。介词 of 后接名词，所以此处用名词形式。
10. delivering 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于一个美丽的故事传递许多关于生活的强有力的教训，这本书应该
是每个人的阅读清单上的顶端。分析句子可知，该句的谓语动词是 be，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词 deliver
与 tale 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
My Boxing ExperienceThis year I joined boxing class. My friend Lea and I were the only 11 in the class. We got to throw
our first punches (拳击) and learned how we should stand. I still didn’t know how to do it well, but I felt that choosing
the boxing class was the right decision. Mr. Vernon, our boxing teacher, made us work hard and sweat. The boxing
pads (拳击护具) were my favorite, but my punches weren’t 12 enough.
After participating in more practices, we had learned how to punch in six different ways. The boys were
improving a lot on their strength, and Lea with her speed, and me? Well, I had a hard time seeing the 13 . Mr.
Vernon would always tell me that practice would make me stronger, and this is what helped motivate me to
14 .
Each practice there was at least one boy who would 15 me and say, “Oh you’re too short to box. Mr.
Vernon has to 16 down when you are on the boxing pads; oh you’re not strong enough; you punch like a
mouse.”
I know those comments were not to 17 me, but just to have fun. It’s true, I’m a small and short person
and I did lack confidence; but hearing those comments can either bring you 18 , or make you feel motivated to
show them they are 19 . In my case, they started to discourage me. I didn’t have the strength to think they were
wrong, and a part of me thought that they were speaking the 20 . I hid it inside my heart because I thought that
showing that I was 21 myself would make it worse.
I remember one particular practice where I was mad and angry, and my punches suddenly felt stronger and faster.
I was 22 , yet I had a feeling in me that it was there all along. I just didn’t have that 23 in me. After
practice, Mr. Vernon pointed out that I was getting stronger and better, which really made me feel more 24
and showed me that what the others were saying about me was wrong. I had 25 found the strength I needed.
The following practices, Mr. Vernon was impressed with my hooks and uppercuts, because they were getting 26
.
This experience taught me that boxing requires a lot of work and effort, but it also taught me not to feel 27
about what people say. If you focus on your strong points and improve on your 28 ones, there is no reason for
you to feel disappointed. Boxing taught me how to fight, and defend myself physically and mentally, and show that
short girls can do anything if they have the 29 to prove people wrong. Being short doesn’t 30 me and
definitely does not limit me from doing things that tall or stronger people can do.
11．A．girls B．boys C．teenagers D．adults
12．A．large B．strong C．accurate D．quick13．A．difference B．grade C．point D．judgement
14．A．relax B．change C．return D．continue
15．A．wave goodbye to B．take advantage of C．pay attention to D．make fun of
16．A．look B．sit C．bend D．turn
17．A．teach B．hurt C．amuse D．warn
18．A．down B．back C．along D．in
19．A．rude B．wrong C．funny D．simple
20．A．result B．word C．truth D．reason
21．A．fooling B．doubting C．convincing D．criticizing
22．A．surprised B．worried C．moved D．disappointed
23．A．relief B．fear C．anger D．interest
24．A．regretful B．comfortable C．embarrassed D．confident
25．A．eagerly B．finally C．gradually D．gratefully
26．A．normal B．reliable C．harmful D．powerful
27．A．discouraged B．ashamed C．annoyed D．confused
28．A．small B．old C．weak D．shining
29．A．experience B．curiosity C．attention D．motivation
30．A．want B．help C．define D．forgive
【答案】11．A12．B13．A14．D15．D16．C17．B18．A19．B20．C
21．B22．A23．C24．D25．B26．D27．A28．C29．D30．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者学习拳击的经历，作者因为个子矮，拳击不够有力，一开始每
天至少会有一个男孩子取笑作者个子矮，作者也对此感到沮丧。到后来作者终于变得越来越强大，明白了
矮个子女孩只要有动力去证明别人是错的，她们就能做任何事情。个子矮并不能定义作者，也绝对不能限
制作者去做那些高个或强壮的人能做的事情。
11．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友 Lea 和我是班上仅有的女孩。A. girls 女孩；B. boys 男孩；C.
teenagers 青少年；D. adults 成年人。根据最后一段中 and show that short girls can do anything 可知班上只有作
者和 Lea 是女孩。
12．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拳击护具是我的最爱，但我的拳击不够有力。A. large 大的；B. strong
有力的，强壮的；C. accurate 精确的；D. quick 快的。根据第二段中 Mr. Vernon would always tell me that practice would make me stronger 可知作者的拳击还不够有利。
13．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我很难看出其中的区别。A. difference 区别，差异；B. grade 成绩；
C. point 要点；D. judgement 判断。根据上文 The boys were improving a lot on their strength, and Lea with her
speed, and me? Well, I had a hard time seeing the 可知其他人都有了不同的变化，而作者还很难看到自己和以前
的区别。
14．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Vernon 先生总是告诉我，练习会让我变得更强，而这正是我继续坚持下
去的动力。A. relax 放松；B. change 改变；C. return 返回；D. continue 继续。结合上文 Mr. Vernon would always
tell me that practice would make me stronger, and this is what helped motivate me to 可知 Vernon 先生的话激励作
者继续下去。
15．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次练习都至少有一个男孩会取笑我说:“哦，你太矮了，打不了拳
击。”A. wave goodbye to 挥手告别；B. take advantage of 利用；C. pay attention to 注意；D. make fun of 取笑。
根据下一段中 but just to have fun. 可知男孩子会取笑作者。
16．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在拳击场上时，Vernon 先生不得不弯下腰。A. look 看；B. sit 坐下；
C. bend 弯曲；D. turn 转弯。结合上文 Oh you’re too short to box. 可知对方取笑作者太矮了，坐在拳击护具上
时，Vernon 先生不得不弯下腰。bend down“弯腰”。
17．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道那些话不是要伤害我，只是为了找乐子。A. teach 教；B. hurt 伤害；
C. amuse 娱乐；D. warn 警告。根据后文 but just to have fun. 可知男孩子取笑作者的身高，并不是为了要伤害
作者，只是为了找乐子。
18．A 考查副词辨析。句意：没错，我个子又小又矮，我确实缺乏自信；但是，听到这些评论，要么会让
你失望，要么会让你有动力向他们证明他们是错的。A. down 向下；B. back 回去；C. along 沿着；D. in 在里
面。根据最后一段中 there is no reason for you to feel disappointed.可知这些评论，要么会让你失望，要么会让
你有动力向他们证明他们是错的。短语 bring sb. down“让某人失望”。
19B．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没错，我个子又小又矮，我确实缺乏自信;但是，听到这些评论，要么
会让你失望，要么会让你有动力向他们证明他们是错的。A. rude 粗鲁的；B. wrong 错误的；C. funny 有趣的；
D. simple 简单的。根据后文 I didn’t have the strength to think they were wrong 可知此处指有动力向他们证明他
们是错的。
20．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有勇气去认为他们是错的，我内心有一部分认为他们说的是事实。
A. result 结果；B. word 话语；C. truth 事实；D. reason 理由。根据上文 It’s true, I’m a small and short person and
I did lack confidence 可知作者知道自己是个个子矮的人，所有听了这些男孩子的话，内心有一部分认为他们说的是事实。
21．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它藏在心里，因为我觉得表现出对自己的怀疑只会让事情变得更糟。
A. fooling 愚弄；B. doubting 怀疑；C. convincing 说服；D. criticizing 批评。结合后文 myself would make it worse.
可知作者内心有一部分认为男孩子说的是事实，但是藏在心里，因为表现出对自己的怀疑只会让事情变得
更糟。
22．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，但我有一种感觉，它一直在我心里。A. surprised 惊讶的；
B. worried 担心的；C. moved 感动的；D. disappointed 失望的。结合上文 I remember one particular practice
where I was mad and angry, and my punches suddenly felt stronger and faster.可知作者发觉生气时拳头突然变得
更有力更快了，这让作者感觉惊讶。
23．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是没有那么愤怒了。A. relief 减轻；B. fear 恐惧；C. anger 愤怒；D. interest
兴趣。根据上文 I was mad and angry 可知指愤怒。
24．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练结束后，Vernon 先生指出我变得越来越强壮，越来越好，这真的
让我感到更加自信，也让我明白别人对我的评价是错误的。A. regretful 遗憾的；B. comfortable 舒服的；C.
embarrassed 尴尬的；D. confident 自信的。根据第四段中 It’s true, I’m a small and short person and I did lack
confidence 可知作者一开始并不自信，Vernon 指出作者有进步后，作者感觉更加自信了。
25．B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于找到了我需要的力量。A. eagerly 急切地；B. finally 终于；C. gradually
逐渐地；D. gratefully 感谢地。根据后文 found the strength I needed.可知作者从一开始拳击不够有力，到如今
获得了 Vernon 先生的认可，作者终于找到了自己需要的力量。
26．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过接下来的练习，Vernon 先生对我的勾拳和上勾拳印象深刻，因为
它们变得越来越有力。A. normal 正常的；B. reliable 可靠的；C. harmful 有害的；D. powerful 有力的，强大
的。结合上文 Mr. Vernon pointed out that I was getting stronger and better 可知作者的拳击变得越来越有力了。
27．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历让我明白，拳击需要付出很多努力和艰辛，但也让我明白，
不要对别人说的话感到气馁。A. discouraged 气馁的，灰心的；B. ashamed 羞愧的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D.
confused 困惑的。根据倒数第三段中 In my case, they started to discourage me.可知作者明白了不要对别人说的
话感到气馁。
28．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你专注于自己的优点，改进自己的缺点，你就没有理由感到失望。
A. small 小的；B. old 老的；C. weak 弱的，虚弱的；D. shining 光亮的。根据上文 If you focus on your strong
points and improve on your 可知作者认为要专注于自己的优点，改进自己的缺点，就没有理由感到失望了。
29．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：拳击教会了我如何战斗，如何在身体上和精神上保护自己，也告诉我矮个子女孩只要有动力去证明别人是错的，她们就能做任何事情。A. experience 经历；B. curiosity 好奇心；C.
attention 注意力；D. motivation 动机。根据倒数第三段中 or make you feel motivated to show them 可知此处指
有动力去证明别人是错的。
30．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：矮个子并不能定义我，也绝对不能限制我做那些高个或强壮的人能做的事
情。A. want 想要；B. help 帮助；C. define 定义；D. forgive 原谅。结合后文 me and definitely does not limit me
from doing things that tall or stronger people can do.可知个子矮并不能定义作者，也绝对不能限制作者去做那些
高个或强壮的人能做的事情。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fun School Projects with Magnets and Metal
Science is one of the most interesting and fun subjects for kids.
There are endless opportunities for practical experiments that are sure to surprise and excite children's
imaginations. A great way to get into experimenting with science is with the use of magnets. The properties of
magnets allow for an “ invisible force ” to move objects seemingly on their own!
If your kids are looking for something a little trickier, why not let them try using magnets to make their own
compass (指南针)？
For this experiment, you will need 2 needles, a strong magnet, a pencil, a cup and some string.
Step 1: Rub the pointed end of the needle along one side of the magnet ；this can be either the north or south
end. Make sure you are rubbing the needle in one direction, not back and forth. You might need to do this about 30
times to magnetise the needle.
Step 2: Test the now magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can pick it up. If it can, the needle is
ready to use for the experiment. If it doesn't pick it up, you will need to rub the needle a few more times on the same
end of the magnet you were using before.Step 3 : With a piece of string that is a couple of inches long, get your child to tie this to the middle of the pencil.
Then, at the bottom end of the hanging string, tie the magnetised needle.
Step 4: Place the pencil, with the needle hanging down, over the top of a cup so that the needle is hanging inside
the cup.
Step 5 : Watch as the needle moves on its own to point north.
Once your kids have got a taste for magnets, you might want to move on to more advanced experiments. Places
like RS Components sell high-tech magnetic equipment that will be sure to carry on fuelling your children's passion
for science!
31．According to the passage, the spare needle is used to _______.
A．pick the other needle up B．magnetise the other needle
C．rub the magnet on the other side D．check if the other needle is magnetised
32．The magnetised needle can point north because _______.
A．it is tied to a hanging string B．it has the properties of a magnet
C．it is connected with a magnet D．it is hanging down inside the cup
33．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To promote high-tech magnetic equipment.
B．To entertain kids with magnet experiments.
C．To stress the importance of advanced experiments.
D．To provide a way to fuel kids' passion for science.
【答案】31．D32．B33．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学是孩子们最感兴趣和最有趣的学科之一。文章介绍了一个有关磁铁
的实验。提供了一种方法来激发孩子们对科学的热情。
31．D 细节理解题。根据 Step 2 中的 Test the now magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can pick it
up.可知，用备用针头测试磁化的针头，看看它能不能把它捡起来。因此可知，备用针头是用来检查另一根
针是否被磁化。
32．B 推理判断题。根据 Step3 中的 Then, at the bottom end of the hanging string, tie the magnetised needle.( 然
后，在挂线的底端，绑上磁化针。)和 Step 5Watch as the needle moves on its own to point north.( 当针自行移动
指向北方时，请注意)可知，针有磁性，如果磁化针可以指向北方，是因为它具有磁铁的特性。
33．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Once your kids have got a taste for magnets, you might want to move on to more advanced experiments.(一旦你的孩子对磁铁有了兴趣，你可能会想继续做更高级的实验) 可推断，文章
讲述这个磁铁试验的目的是为了提供一种方法来激发孩子们对科学的热情。
B
Stuttering （口 吃）has nothing to do with intelligence. I know this because I stutter. If it takes me a while
longer to say a word, it's not because I can't remember the word; it's because the neural(神经的） pathway that
transforms words in my head into sounds in my mouth is wired differently. And differences, of course, are the best
way to get negative attention in our society. Taking extra time to get my words out can surely be frustrating, but that's
nothing compared to the misery of dealing with people's reactions.
Almost all children who stutter are discouraged from speaking in one way or another. It's usually not as direct as
someone walking up to them and saying, “Hey, stuttering kid! Keep your mouth shut!” But when your voice causes
adults and peers to snicker （窃笑）or roll their eyes, it's pretty discouraging.
Growing up, I learned to avoid speaking whenever possible. I hated what came out of my mouth, full of
awkward breaks and pauses. I figured whatever future I had, it probably involved a vow of silence.
Today Fm a touring author and comedian. It took me 30-something years to get over stuttering. Did I stop
stuttering? No! I couldn't stop if I wanted to. But I stopped wanting to stop. Instead of wasting all my time and energy
trying to meet unattainable standards, I learned that it's OK to stutter. And I learned by example. I attended the
National Stuttering Association conference and met all kinds of people who stutter—people who didn't hate
themselves, who didn't silence themselves. They stuttered, and they were OK with it! I remember watching them and
thinking, "That's who I want to be!"
There's a popular saying in comedy: "Your weakness is your strength." When I first entered my local open-mic
scene, I was quickly met with some "smart" guys looking to score a cheap laugh at my expense. I remember
introducing myself to one comedian and stuttering on my name, as I usually do. Eager to demonstrate his smartness,
he replied, "Is that Nina with five Ns?" "No," I said, "it's Nina with two Ns!" Just like that, I had created a joke as the
result of someone making fiin of my stutter.
To this day, whenever I need inspiration for a new joke, I just think about all the ridiculous comments I get from
non-stuttering people. It's a comedy gold mine!
34．It takes the author longer to say a word because she has _______.
A．a comparatively low IQ B．trouble in organizing ideas
C．a relatively small brain D．problems in her neural system35．What annoys the author most about her stuttering is _______.
A．the unfriendly reactions of others
B．the difficulty in memorising words
C．her unpromising future as a stutterer
D．her embarrassing pauses during talks
36．The author got over stuttering by _______.
A．adjusting her attitude towards it
B．getting help from non-stutterers
C．telling herself constantly to stop it
D．silencing herself whenever possible
37．Paragraph 5 is mainly about the author's _______.
A．success as a comedian
B．respect for other comedians
C．resistance to others' strength
D．acceptance of her imperfection
【答案】34．D35．A36．A37．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者花了 30 多年克服了口吃的毛病，并成为一名巡回
演出的作家和喜剧演员。作者认为克服口吃最重要的是，改变对口吃的态度并接受自己的不完美。
34．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“it's because the neural(神经的）pathway that transforms words in my head
into sounds in my mouth is wired differently.(这是因为将我大脑中的文字转换成嘴里的声音的神经通路是不同
的。)”可知，因为她的神经系统有问题，所以作者说一个字要花更长的时间。
35．A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But when your voice causes adults and peers to snicker （窃笑）or roll their
eyes, it's pretty discouraging. (但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑窃或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)”可推
断出，她口吃最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应。
36．A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段和特别是第四段“Instead of wasting all my time and energy trying to meet
unattainable standards, I learned that it's OK to stutter.( 我并没有浪费时间和精力去达到无法达到的标准，我意
识到了口吃是没关系的。)”可推断出，作者从尽量避免说话到克服了口吃的毛病，是因为作者通过调整自己
的态度克服了口吃。
37．D 主旨大意题。根据文章第五段首句“There's a popular saying in comedy: "Your weakness is your strength." (在喜剧中有一句流行的谚语：“你的弱点就是你的长处。”)”和后文作者举自己向一位喜剧演员介绍自己的
事例可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会接受自己的不完美。
C
Chicken is America’s most popular meat. Many people assume chicken follows a simple rule-of-thumb: Pink
chicken turned white means “done.” It’s similar to how we cook other meats. But is this true? To study how cooks at
home follow safety recommendations, researchers filmed 75 households in five European countries. From a random
but nonrepresentative sample, they also conducted an online survey of nearly 4,000 households in the same countries
that say they cook chicken.
Worried that chicken would dry out, most home cooks determined doneness by color and texture (口感) inside
the meat, they found. Few bothered with thermometers (温度计), claiming they took too much time, were too
complicated to use, didn’t fit in the chicken or weren’t necessary (although easy-to-use thermometers are inexpensive
and widely available).
In additional lab experiments, the scientists injected raw chicken breast with bacteria (细菌), which cause
millions of sicknesses, thousands of hospitalizations and hundreds of deaths each year in the United States. They
cooked the breasts until they reached core temperatures ranging from 122 to 158 Fahrenheit, and they discovered
something surprising. At 158 degrees, but not lower, bacteria inside the chickens’ cores was reduced to safe levels,
and when cut open its flesh appeared dull and fibrous, not shiny like raw chicken. But meat began changing from pink
to white far below this, and most color change occurred below 131 degrees Fahrenheit. Sometimes, the chicken’s core
would be safely cooked, but unsafe levels of bacteria still existed on surfaces that hadn’t touched the grill plate.
So what are you supposed to do?
Dr. Bruno Goussault, a scientist and chef, recommends buying and cooking breasts and legs separately. Bring
the breast’s core to 165 degrees Fahrenheit, he said, and the leg to between 168.8 and 172.4 Fahrenheit. If you really
want to safely measure temperature for a whole chicken, insert a pop-up thermometer into the thickest part of the leg
before roasting it, Dr. Goussault suggests. By the time it pops, the breasts will have long cooked. They will likely be
dry and far from his standards of culinary (烹饪的) perfection. But you’ll be sure to, as Dr. Goussault says in French,
“dormir sur ses deux oreilles,” or, figuratively, “sleep peacefully.”
38．Why didn’t home cooks measure temperature with a thermometer?
A．They could not afford it. B．It affected the taste of the meat.
C．It was not available in supermarkets. D．They thought it was too much trouble.39．In lab experiments, when the temperature reached 158 Fahrenheit, the meat .
A．was free of bacteria B．still remained pink
C．appeared to dry out D．was reduced in size
40．What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A．The meat does not taste best when bacteria free.
B．The leg becomes fully cooked before the breast.
C．A whole chicken requires a higher temperature.
D．The thermometer should be placed inside the breast.
41．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Food safety. B．Simple lifestyle.
C．Cooking skills. D．Kitchen equipment.
【答案】38．D39．C40．A41．A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章通过描述科学家所做的鸡胸和鸡腿的烹饪温度的测量实验，说明如何
烹饪鸡肉才是安全的。
38．D 细节理解题。由文章第二段 Few bothered with thermometers (温度计), claiming they took too much time,
were too complicated to use,didn’t fit in the chicken or weren’t necessary.很少有人为温度计费心，宣称他们花费
了太多的时间，太复杂而不能使用，不适合鸡肉也没必要。可知，人们会觉得用温度计比较麻烦，与选项 D
内容相符。
39．C 细节理解题。由文章第三段 At 158 degrees, but not lower, bacteria inside the chickens’ cores was reduced
to safe levels, and when cut open its flesh appeared dull and fibrous, not shiny like raw chicken.在 158 度时，但不是
更低，鸡核心的细菌降到了安全水平，当被切开时，鸡肉显得枯燥和纤维状，不像生鸡肉肉质那么光滑。
可知，到了 158 度时，鸡肉会显得干燥和纤维状，与选项 C 内容相符。
40． A 推理判断题。由最后一段 Bring the breast’s core to 165 degrees Fahrenheit, he said, and the leg to between
168.8 and 172.4 Fahrenheit.鸡胸的核心温度要达到 165 度，他说，鸡腿的温度要达到 168.8 度和 172.4 度之间。
和 They will likely be dry and far from his standards of culinary (烹饪的) perfection.他们可能会干燥，而且与完美
的烹饪标准也相去甚远。可知，鸡胸和鸡腿的安全烹饪温度分别为 165 度，168.8 度和 172.4 度之间，这时
细菌几乎被杀死了，所以食用是比较安全的，但此时口感和味道却不那么好了。与选项 A 内容相符。
41．A 主旨大意题。由文章第一段 To study how cooks at home follow safety recommendations, researchers
filmed 75 households in five European countries.为了研究在家烹饪如何遵守安全的建议，研究者们在 5 个欧洲国家拍摄了 75 个家庭的烹饪情况。可知，文章讲述的是在家烹饪时的食品安全问题，与选项 A 内容相符。
D
What a Messy Desk Says About You
For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices.
Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized
and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have
immaculate offices.
What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t
necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of
experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two
office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff.
The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they
could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to
choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.
A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students
were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces
generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices
where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.
The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found
much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and
neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.
But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final
portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was
labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one;
those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of
tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”
The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box
for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to
eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”
42．The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A．messy B．tidy
C．terrible D．comfortable
43．Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory?
A．Chaos begets chaos. B．Misfortune may be an actual blessing.
C．Bad news has wings. D．When a door shuts, a window opens.
44．Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with?
A．More virtue exists in organized people.
B．Creativity results from tidiness and discipline.
C．Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas.
D．Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project.
45．What can we conclude from the study results?
A．The naturally neat people tend to be very creative.
B．A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency.
C．Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior.
D．People’s personalities are determined by their working environments.
【答案】42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究人类行为与环境相关的实验，实验结果表明无序混乱
的环境可能更容易激发人们打破传统，产生新的见解。同时研究人员建议如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出
框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那
就先在办公室里收拾一下。
42．B 词义猜测题。根据上文 Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate
conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people
who are disorderly. They also tend to have…不出所料，他们发现，天生有自觉性的人，也就是有条理、可预测
的人，通常比那些不守规矩的人吃得更好，活得更久。可推知天生有自觉性有条理的人，他们也更有倾向
于拥有整洁的办公室。故划线单词意思为“整洁的”。
43．A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句 The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight
disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.（几十年前提出的“破窗理论”认为，即使是轻微的混乱和忽视也会助长冷漠和缺乏纪律。）可推知混乱产生混乱最能解释破窗理论。
44．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of
tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”（“无序的环境似
乎激发了人们打破传统，”沃斯博士和她的合著者在研究中总结道，“这可以产生新的见解。”）可推知沃斯
博士可能会同意杂乱的环境有助于创造新想法。
45．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future
project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or
to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the
discipline of the conscientious.”（沃斯博士说:“我的建议是，如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就
让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。”但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里
收拾一下。通过这样做，天生邋遢的人可以获得一些自觉的纪律。”）可推知我们能从研究结果中得出结论，
环境可以影响人们的思维方式和行为方式。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sleep and Teens--Biology and Behavior
How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on current data, most
teens need about 9-plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night. ___46___
Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents. We can think in general of two major factors: biological,
the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior, all the psychological, parental, societal,
cultural features of teen’s life.
___47___These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later during the teen years than
before. Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young people progress through the middle
school years. At the same time, the sleep pressure system appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay
awake longer, though without changing the amount of sleep that is needed.
Moreover, many teens have a "technological playground" in their bedrooms: television, computer with 24/7
Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth. These technologies provide instant
and constant contact with peers. Societal and media pressure to consume these technologies is now higher than ever.
Yet society also requires that teens go to school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives.
So we see teens turn to caffeine, late-night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep awake. _____48_____.
Problems emerge for lack of sleep. ____49____For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to keep awake
during class and while doing homework. And others may simply feel moody, never knowing how to feel or do their
best. Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.
____50____The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay healthy, happy
and smart.
A. Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake schedule
B. Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priority
C Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleep
D. The sleep-wake bio-regulatory factors appear to change significantly during adolescence
E. Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning often resulting in late or missed school
F. Teens may be driven to things that can wake them up because they'll fall asleep if they do not
G. However, it is indicated that most teens fall short of this goal, many by a considerable amount.
【答案】46. G 47. D 48. C 49. E 50. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。目前青少年睡眠减少，达不到标准睡眠时间。文章分析了导致这
种现象出现的原因，介绍了睡眠不足导致的问题，并提出了解决办法。
46. G 上一句提到：根据现在的研究数据，大部分青少年晚上需要九个多小时的睡眠。第二段第一句提到：
很多因素导致青少年睡眠时间减少。故该空句应当提到青少年睡眠不够这个现象。G 选项“但是，大部分青
少年达不到这个目标。”承上启下。
47. D 上一段介绍了导致青少年睡眠减少的两大因素。该空下一句提到：这些变化使得青少年在晚上睡得比
以前晚了。由 these changes 可知，该空句应当提到“改变”这个话题，结合选项，D 选项“这些睡觉-觉醒的生
物调节因素似乎在青春期发生了巨大变化。”承上启下。故选 D。
48. C 上文提到：很多青少年可以频繁的接触到电视、计算机等电器。这些电器使他们可以和同龄人保持持
续不断的联系。社会和媒体对消费这些电器的压力现在比以往任何时候都要大。但是，社会还要求青少年
在一天中与他们的生理和社会生活不一致的时候上学。这样，青少年每天晚上就通过喝咖啡，上网等活动
以使自己保持清醒。承接上文，C 选项“然后，他们就陷入一种糟糕的境地中：他们永远也得不到足够的睡
眠。”是上文内容的结果。
49. E 上一句提到：因为缺乏睡眠，一些问题就出现了。那么，该空句应当提到出现的问题，结合选项，只
有 E 选项“一些青少年会出现早晨醒的晚而迟到甚至缺课的情况。”符合上下文逻辑。50. A 下一句提到：青少年开始这种好的睡眠习惯越早，对他们而言，保持健康，快乐和聪明就越容易。由
该句中的“this good sleep habit”可知，该空句应当提到一种好的睡眠习惯，结合选项，A 选项“睡眠专家建议
青少年应该遵守一贯的睡眠时间表”，即：他们的作息应当有规律。”，是下句的原因。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在你的视频博客（Vlog）上看到你做中餐的视频，很
感兴趣并表示也想学做中国美食，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一道中国菜或饭；
2. 推荐理由。
注意：1 .词数不少于 50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I am glad that you are interested in Chinese food. As is known to all, Chinese food focuses on diversified color,
aromatic flavor, and excellent taste. Since you're just starting out cooking Chinese food, I'd like to recommend
noodles with tomato egg sauce to you. The reasons are as follows.
Firstly, it is a traditional Chinese dish, and especially popular with people who don't have much time to cook. In
addition, its cooking method is very easy. Finally and most importantly, just as its name implies, it only needs three
ingredients: noodles, tomatoes and eggs, which are common and easy to come by in our daily life.
You can refer to the detailed cooking steps on the vlog I posted a few days ago. I hope you can successfully
make this delicious dish! If you have any questions, do let me know.Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇日记。记述上周末你和你
的英国朋友 Jim 用微信支付购物的过程。
注意：词数不少于 60。
提示词：二维码 QR code; 糖葫芦 candy-coated haws(tanghulu)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
It seems that everything in China is new to my British friend, Jim.
Last weekend, when Jim and I were wandering on the streets, enjoying the beautiful scenery and fresh air of spring, a candy-coated haws stand caught his attention. Having never tasted a candy-coated haw, he immediately
went up to buy one.
However, the vendor shook her head when seeing the 100-yuan note Jim handed over to her. She had no change!
How disappointed Jim was! He was about to quit when I took out my cellphone, scanned the QR code on the stand
and paid the vendor 5 yuan.
Jim was surprised at what I had done. Then I explained to him that nowadays in China QR codes were
everywhere, and we could pay with a cellphone for almost everything. “Wow!” Jim said, “The candy-coated haw
tastes great, and the payment method seems even greater!”
微信/支付宝扫码支付