昌平区 2020 年高三年级第二次统一练习
英 语 试 卷
本试卷满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当
的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Human beings love the world of nature that surrounds 1 (we), and we enjoy
seeing the wild world up close. When people wish to interact with a wild creature, an
easy method is to attract it with some food. However, feeding wild animals is
dangerous and unwise. The first problem is that animals are not meant to eat the same
foods as people do. Many cheap human snacks, like fries and bread, are just not good
for animals. Also, animals 2 are fed by humans will lose their fear of people.
This makes them easy targets for hunters, 3 it’s also possible that they could
someday attack people.
B
Bob 4 (sort) through some of his old stuff. During the process, he came
across a box full of old toys and journals, as well as some old photos from his
childhood. Holding one of the photos, Bob started to look back upon the very day this
photo 5 (take) 30 years ago, and he got really emotional. It was the day he first
learned how to ride a bike. In the park, his father patiently pushed his bike from
behind as Bob had trouble riding on his own. Bob kept falling from the bike, but his
father was always there, 6 (encourage) him. Eventually, he got the hang of it.
Bob thought it was the best day of his life at the time.
C
Recycling paper is a great way to help the environment, but reusing things 7
(make) from paper is even better. Take a copy of magazine, for example. Once you
8 (finish) reading it, don’t put it in your recycling bin. Instead, consider sharing it
9 people who haven’t read it, or giving it to your school library so that your
classmates can take a look. Alternatively, you could find a completely 10 (differ)
use for the magazine’s pages. Some readers have used them to wrap gifts for their
friends and family, picking pages with colourful pictures to make the presents look
bright.
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A few days before Christmas 2012, I found myself in Walmart. It was the last
11 I wanted to be, especially during the chaos of last-minute Christmas shopping.
It had been a little more than a month since my husband was laid off.
The school my kids attended asked if we needed help for Christmas, and we
12 . If not for them, our kids would not have had Christmas gifts.
My children were with me that day at Walmart. Our cupboards were bare, and I
had only eighty dollars to 13 a family of six for a week. It’s not impossible to
14 , but certainly not comfortable. It leaves little 15 for anything extra. Yet, it
was Christmas, and my kids asked if they could buy a present for their dad. How
could I say “no”? I found a gift box of their dad’s favorite cologne and hoped I could
16 it. Lucky for me, my husband doesn’t have expensive 17 .
My husband worked very hard to 18 for us, and I stayed home. It wasn’t by
19 . Having two children on the autism spectrum makes it difficult for me to work.
Doctors’ appointments, therapy schedules, and school meetings make it near
impossible to 20 a regular work schedule. So, when he was laid off, things got
very 21 quickly. He wasn’t without a job long, but the 22 of income for a
couple of weeks certainly put a stress on our family.
As I chose my groceries, I kept a running total in my head. As my cart (手推车)
filled, my 23 rose. The more I thought about it, the less 24 it was that I
would be able to buy a gift for my husband.
When I went to the checkout, I set aside the cologne gift box. My kids 25 ,
but I didn’t have much of a choice. My heart 26 when the grocery total was
indeed too high for us to buy the gift, but an angel was waiting in the wings.
What happened left me speechless, and being the 27 type, speechless is rare
for me. A man 28 us, put four twenty-dollar bills into my hand and happily
exclaimed, “Merry Christmas!” He left so fast that I didn’t 29 have a chance to
say, “Thank you.”
A wave of emotion came over me as I 30 the cologne gift set to the belt.
We were thrilled, and my husband had a Christmas present. Wherever there is a
human being, there is an opportunity for a kindness.
11. A. place B. moment C. season D. station
12. A. refused B. answered C. accepted D. ignored
13. A. warm B. feed C. help D. inspire
14. A. respond B. appreciate C. purchase D. accomplish
15. A. room B. excuse C. energy D. courage
16. A. offer B. afford C. owe D. earn
17. A.bill B. collection C. taste D. clothes
18. A.stand B. compete C. prepare D. provide
19. A. choice B. mistake C. heart D. nature
20. A. create B. design C. maintain D. discover
21. A. smooth B. tight C. unexpected D. simplified
22. A. increase B. discount C. steadiness D. absence
23. A.regret B. anxiety C. blame D. complaint
24. A. likely B. important C. necessary D. difficult
25. A. cheered B. followed C. protested D. supported
26. A. lost B. calmed C. beat D. sank
27. A. outgoing B. optimistic C. talkative D. hardworking
28. A. approached B. guided C. pleased D. trusted
29. A. ever B. even C. once D. already
30. A. threw B. cancelled C. recommended D. added
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Every summer, we invite young writers to join our team for our six-week
summer program. Think of yourself as an extension of our team where you will be
writing main Youngzine articles.
We will work with you and after the first 1-2 articles, most of our young writers
are up and running on their own. We will be selecting 4-6 young writers to join our
team this year and will guide you through the experience. Does this sound like a
challenge you are up to? First, let’s answer some questions that you might have.
How Old Should I Be?
Most of our Young Editors are typically 13-17 years of age. You will be writing
on politics, science, environment and other current events which will require you to
read and understand the background material. If you have strong writing skills, are
part of your school newspaper or see yourself as a future journalist, this is for you!
How Long Is the Program?
It is a six-week program from July to mid-August, where you will be writing one
article a week. We understand summer is also a time for vacations, and we are flexible
as long as you inform us in advance.
What Do We Expect from a Young Editor?
Good writing skills and the ability to communicate your thoughts clearly are
most important since you are writing for other young readers. We use current events
to explain the underlying context or a concept, so you will need to put your research
hats on. It is important that articles be unprejudiced and state all points of view of an
issue. And of course, your articles have to be original—no copying! We will send you
guidelines if you are selected. A few benefits of being a summer writer:
Your work will be seen by young readers all over the world.
Your knowledge of topics deepens, broadens and widens as you research and
write articles.
Is that reason enough to want to join? Send us an email to editor@youngzine.org.
Please contact us by June 10 if you are interested.
31. What do we know about the summer program?
A. It is a vacation-free program.
B. It lasts for almost three months.
C. It is mainly designed for college students.
D. It asks participants to finish one article per week.
32. The summer program expects the editors who ______.
A. express their thoughts effectively
B. understand all points of a concept
C. are curious about research methods
D. have broad knowledge of many topics
33. The passage intends to _____.
A. hold a writing activity
B. help sharpen writing skills
C. clarify the qualities of editors
D. call for summer young writers
B
“If you could have any three things, what would you want?” Eleven-year-old
Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking that question, but it’s not a game. She asks it at
nursing homes in the Harrison, Arkansas, where she lives. Even more amazing, she
then sets out to make the residents’ wishes come true.
Ruby Kate has long been close to older folks. Her mother, Amanda Chitsey works
at nursing homes in northwest Arkansas, and Ruby Kate often stays with her in the
summer. The Chitseys learned that many nursing home residents are unable to afford
even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it. “I’ve
never found them scary at all, so I’m able to just go up to them and ask if they need
anything,” she says.
She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world.
Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old
wouldn’t be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald’s fries,
and pants that fit properly.
“It broke me as a human,” Amanda says. “We left the nursing home that day and
went straight to a store and bought as many items as we could.”
Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in
three months. Then they started asking for donations.
The good people of Harrison responded enthusiastically, so much that Amanda set
up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby’s Residents, hoping to collect $5,000.
They hit their goal in a month. After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and
promoted her story nationwide this past January, Three Wishes raised $20,000 in 24
hours and more than $250,000 in five months. With those funds, the Chitseys were
able to get more creative: One resident asked for a man cave, so they got him a
Walkman and stocked his fridge with snacks. Another wanted to go to a friend’s
out-of-state wedding; they gave her money for gas and food.
Earlier this year, Three Wishes for Ruby’s Residents became a nonprofit and
launched its first nationwide chapters. One of its new goals is to set up a communal
laptop in one nursing home in each state. Ruby Kate doesn’t plan to stop there.
Actually, besides Ruby Kate, more youngsters are involved in helping others as a
hobby. At one high school, students turned a single dollar into a truly inspirational act.
34. Why did the Chitseys decide to ask and meet the residents’ wishes?
A. It was Amanda’s duty to do that.
B. The residents’ stories moved them.
C. They wanted to do something for the poor there.
D. They had a close relationship with the residents.
35. Amanda said “It broke me as a human,” in Para.4, probably because ______.
A. the wishes were simple
B. the wishes were in her plan
C. she couldn’t realize the wishes
D. she couldn’t help her daughter
36. From last two paragraphs, we know the Chitseys ______.
A. started a page to get profit
B. wrote stories about nursing homes
C. appealed to more people to join them
D. carried out their project across the world
37. The story mainly inspires people to ______.
A. accompany the senior
B. deliver kindness to others
C. treasure what they have
D. be optimistic toward life
C
Infections that cross over from other species are a deadly problem. The new
coronavirus(冠状病毒) is the latest example of a disease that jumped from animals into
humans. When infections do this, they can be deadly—and 2019-nCoV is no
exception.
Nearly all viruses and bacteria that infect other organisms are completely
harmless to people. But a tiny proportion can infect us and cause so-called zoonotic
diseases, which come from animals rather than people. Such diseases are a massive
problem. They make around 2.5 billion people ill every year and kill 2.7 million. Not
all zoonotic diseases cause serious illness, but the Ebola virus, for example, currently
kills most of those it infects.
One reason zoonotic viruses can be this deadly is that we lack pre-existing
immunity( 免 疫 ) to them. Another is that these viruses aren’t adapted to humans.
Viruses that normally circulate among people can develop to become less deadly, as
this helps them spread. “They don’t want you to drop dead within a day because you
won’t pass it to anyone else,” says Chris Coleman at the University of Nottingham,
UK.
To get infected, people need to come into contact with the animal the virus
usually infects. This is most likely with domesticated animals. Camels carry the
MERS coronavirus that causes sporadic human cases, for instance.
Many viruses that jump into people, like MERS, seldom spread from person to
person. They can still infect thousands, though: rabies is mostly passed on by dog
bites, but kills 60,000 people a year. Others, such as Ebola, can spread from person to
person, but aren’t very good at it and so cause relatively small outbreaks. The 2019
coronavirus, by contrast, appears quite good at spreading from person to person. We
don’t know how deadly it is yet.
Biologists have been warning for decades about the risks of animal viruses
spreading to people. There is good reason to worry. The last global pandemic(传染病),
the 2009 flu that killed up to 400,000 people, was caused by a strain of flu that came
from pigs. And that flu is thought to be a descendant of the 1918 flu, which came
from birds. HIV, which has infected about 75 million people, is now thought of as a
human virus. But it jumped from chimpanzees into humans relatively recently, in the
1930s.
Coleman thinks there is little we can do to stop people coming into contact with
animals that may carry dangerous viruses. “It’s very difficult to control that,” he says.
Instead, he says we need to have vaccines(疫苗) ready in advance. This could mean
creating vaccines that are effective against a wide range of viruses and developing
vaccines that require only minor changes to work against a new viral strain, much like
annual flu vaccines.
38. What does the underlined word “circulate” in Pra.3 probably mean?
A. Pass on. B. Attack each other. C. Die away. D. Work together.
39. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People must keep away from wild animals.
B. The majority of viruses are a massive problem.
C. The 2009 flu had no connection with the 1918 flu.
D. Vaccines are an effective option to fight against viruses.
40. The passage mainly aims to ______.
A. analyze the origins of viruses
B. explain the consequence of diseases
C. draw people’s attention to zoonotic viruses
D. persuade people to protect the wild animals
41. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. How Are Vaccines Made?
B. Viruses Infected from Animals
C. A Global Health Emergency
D. Why Isn’t There a Coronavirus Vaccine Yet?
D
How many more people can we squeeze onto our fragile planet? Surely, the
Earth must be full? Pretending that human numbers can grow forever, with no
ill-effects, is at best innocent and at worst utterly irresponsible.
Biodiversity loss, climate change, pollution, deforestation, water and food
shortages — these are all worsened by our huge and ever-increasing numbers. Yet
governments and most environmental groups choose to sidestep this giant elephant in
the room. The human population was just 2.6 billion in 1950. But it has been 7.7
billion today and according to the UN it will reach 9.7 billion by 2050 and 11.2 billion
by the end of the century. Where will so many people live? How will we feed them?
Unless we diffuse this “population bomb”, by the end of the century we will need
several Earths to survive. But we can’t have several Earths, and so we will face a
future of increasing poverty, food shortages, conflict and environmental degradation.
Admittedly, not everyone agrees with the UN’s predictions. But even the doubters
calculate that the human population will grow to 8 or 9 billion sometime between
2040 and 2060. Ultimately, there has to be a limit.
The good news is that the human populations of about two dozen countries, from
Poland and Italy to Cuba and Japan, are now decreasing. But that’s not true of most
countries. The cradle of overpopulation is in Africa, which is where more than half of
global population growth is expected to occur: from 1.3 billion people in 2020 to 4.3
billion in 2100.
The solution isn’t rocket science. There are two drivers of population growth:
birth rates and longevity. We all aim to grow old, after all, but we can reduce birth
rates. That’s not to say that anyone should be denied the right to have many children
as they like. But it’s a fact that wherever women are empowered and literated, have
help with family planning and have access to medical care, they generally choose to
have fewer children. And the birth rate falls.
So why the stony silence? Why such a failure of leadership from governments
and environmental groups? I think it’s for two reasons. First, calls for population
control are often believed racist: relatively rich people in the developed world
blaming poor people in the developing world. Second, it is often thought insincere.
The problem is as much about consumerism as it is about population growth:
westerners are consuming more and more, so it appears as if they are blaming the
poor for the excesses of the rich. Most population growth is, indeed, taking place
among those who consume almost nothing. But the uncomfortable truth is that we all
need to consume much less.
Whatever the complications, we urgently need a UN Framework Convention on
Population, just as we have for climate change. Either we limit our population growth
or the natural world will do it for us.
42. What are the first three paragraphs mainly about?
A. Environmental degradation made by humans.
B. The increasing poverty coming with illnesses.
C. The problems resulting from the growing population.
D. Water shortages caused by climate change and pollution.
43. How do governments react to human population?
A. They are too busy with other problems to solve it.
B. They avoid seeking solutions to reduce population.
C. They know the consequence and face the problem.
D. They think the population will decline in the future.
44. What is practical for birth control according to the passage?
A. Consuming much less than before.
B. Removing the right to have more children.
C. Decreasing population in developed areas.
D. Educating women and providing health care.
45. What is the author’s attitude to the ever-increasing human population?
A. Neutral. B. Concerned.
C. Skeptical. D. Indifferent.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选
项中有两项为多余选项。
All book writing has to start somewhere, and the best place to kick off your
manuscript (原稿) is by coming up with a great idea. 46 It can be an article you
read from your local newspaper, a conversation you overheard at Starbucks, a recent
experience you had during a vacation, etc. Your overall idea should be narrowed down
to one-to-two paragraphs, similar to the back cover copy you find on most books.
When writing books, the idea is king. Always remember that.
47 This doesn’t just mean fictional characters—memoirs ( 回 忆 录 ) and
nonfiction books still have characters, even if those characters are based on real
people. When you write your own book, you must ask yourself what makes this
character unique, what is the No. 1 thing this character wants and what difficulties
must he or she overcome to reach it. Readers love imperfect, yet relatable characters.
48
Maybe the most crucial step in the steps to writing a book, setting a deadline and
sticking to it is essential. 49 Too many writers say they are going to write a
book and, after starting strong, find excuses as to why they stopped (or are on a
super-long pause from writing books). There are definitely reasonable reasons that
could prevent you from book writing—help needed in the family, a health issue, etc.
But if you’re serious about writing a book, you have to make time for it. Deadlines
will push you to do just that.
You can spend as much time as you want reading tips for writing a book, how to
write books and how to edit your novel—and you should spend some time doing that.
You should invest in studying the craft and learning how to write a bestseller. 50
Do it during your lunch break. Do it while waiting for the kids at soccer practice. Do
it after everyone goes to bed. There’s no official book writing model, there’s just you,
a pen and a paper (or a computer, of course).
A. Strive to make your characters as interesting as possible.
B. But you’ll never write a book if you don’t spend time writing.
C. Now discover our best tips for how to write a book effectively.
D. It’s time to further your writing career by diving deeper into deadline.
E. Book ideas come in all shapes and sizes and can be found anywhere.
F. It’s the difference between serious writers and those who are merely dreamers.
G. How to start writing a book begins with an idea, but your idea needs to be carried
out with well-developed characters.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中谈到近年来全
球掀起的剩食运动（Waste No Food Movement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文
化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此
现象的看法，内容包括：
1. 你对剩食运动的看法；
2. 你或者你周围人的做法。
注意：1．词数不少于 50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词： leftover n. 剩余食物; adj. 剩余的
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。停课期间，妈妈过生日，你在学习之余给
妈妈准备了丰盛的生日晚餐。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇稿件，记述
整个过程。
注意：词数不少于 60。
英语试卷答案及评分参考
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
1. us 2. that/which 3. and
4. was sorting 5. was taken 6. encouraging
7. made 8. finish/have finished 9. with 10. different
大小写错误扣 0.5 分
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．C
21．B 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C
26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．D
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
31．D 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．A
36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C
41．B 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
46. E 47. G 48. A. 49. F 50. B
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
一、评分原则
1．本题总分为 15 分，按 4 个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要
求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准
确。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美
拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5．词数少于 50，从总分中减去 1 分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第一档
（13 分～15 分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
内容完整，条理清楚；
交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强
的语言运用能力。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档
（9 分～12 分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；
所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；
语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档
（4 分～8 分）
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
内容不完整；
所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容
的理解。
未能清楚地传达信息。
第四档
（1 分～3 分）
未完成试题规定的任务。
写了少量相关信息；
语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理
解。
0 分 未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。
三、范文
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you. I’m strongly supportive of “Waste No Food
Movement” for the following two reasons.
To begin with, food shortage is a problem concerning the whole world, so we
should take every small action to save food. Besides, the movement appeals to people
to classify and recycle food waste, which is obviously wonderful to protect the
environment.
In my life, I’ve witnessed many practical acts. For example, while eating outside,
we tend to pack leftovers. Nowadays, more and more Chinese are practicing garbage
classification. We put the leftover aside to make it possible and easier to reuse.
What do you think of the movement? Looking forward to your brilliant idea.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（20 分）
一、评分原则
1．本题总分为 20 分，按 5 个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要
求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯性、词汇和句式的多样性
及语言的准确性。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美
拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5．词数少于 60，从总分中减去 1 分。
二、内容要点
1．获悉 2．准备
3．制作 4. 庆祝
三、各档次的给分范围和要求
第一档
(18 分 ～ 20
分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
覆盖了所有内容要点；
运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；
语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所
致；体现了较强的语言运用能力；
有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档
(15 分 ～ 17
分)
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
覆盖了所有内容要点；
运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；
语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内
容所致；
使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档
(12 分 ～ 14
分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
覆盖了内容要点；
运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；
语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
One possible version:
During the winter vacation, my father and I celebrated my mother’s birthday,
which made me feel great.
At eight that morning, I was about to study when suddenly my father came into
my room and whispered to me that day was my mother’s birthday. Wow! It was time
for me to celebrate it for her. I decided to bake a birthday cake and prepare a rich
family dinner in person. After finishing all my work, I learned how to bake a cake on
line without delay. It took me a long time to make it. And then, I was immediately
busy preparing all dishes.
The moment my mother stepped into, the celebration began. My father expressed
his best wishes with a bunch of roses. My mother was moved with tears rolling in her
eyes, seeing all we had done. Chatting merrily, we were immersed in the warm
atmosphere.
微信/支付宝扫码支付