上海市英语高考模拟试卷(六)
I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10%)
Directions : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end
of each conversation,a question will be asked about -what was said. The conversations and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read
the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question
you have heard.
1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A waitress. B. An actress. C. A policewoman. D. A driver.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. In a furniture store. B. In a restaurant.
C. At a bank. D. In a factory.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The good weather tomorrow. B. The vacation plan.
C. Getting up early in the morning. D. The possible heavy traffic.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 100 dollars. B. 200 dollars. C. 300 dollars. D. 400 dollars.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She works in a very nice restaurant.
B. Restaurant food is dirty and has made her ill.
C. Her job involves a lot of business dinners.
D. She feels tired when preparing meals at home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She is at home now. B. She is a tourist there.
C. She lost her hotel card. D. She doesn’t know the man.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He is asking for leave. B. He is asking for reasons.
C. He is quitting his job. D. He is investing time and money.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She would rather stay at home listening to CDs.
B. She likes to listen to new music CDs.
C. She wants the man to buy CDs for her.
D. She can get new music CDs for free.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Thursday. D. Next Friday.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. China. B. France. C. Italy. D. Japan. Section B (15%)
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation (s) and short
passage (s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the
passage (s). The conversation(s) and the passage (s) will be read twice,but the questions will be
spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and
decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. A rental apartment usually has a kitchen and a bathroom.
B. Rental apartments have no more than two bedrooms.
C. One-room apartments are too small to have a bathroom.
D. A living room is essential for all the rental apartments.
12.
A. According to the number of bedrooms.
B. The prices of all houses or apartments are fixed.
C. Based on the location and the quality.
D. The owners decide the prices themselves.
13.
A. Security deposit is equal to two months’ rent.
B. It costs you a month’s rent to repair the damage.
C. You are required by law to pay rent for a full year.
D. You can renew the agreement by reducing the rent.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. By staying alert to see something happening in nature.
B. By possessing two essential characteristics of great physicists.
C. By totally understanding the tricky make-up of the world.
D. By succeeding in transferring the skills into the wider social area.
15.
A. His contributions have advanced progress in the society.
B. He suggested and created many modern power systems.
C. He laid out important principles in his scientific works.
D. His contributed to helping people evolve and survive.
16.
A. Develop the observation of natural phenomena.
B. Help humankind to survive in the world.
C. Drive important changes to the society.
D. Inspire many other great physicists.
【答案】14. D 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. A. Draw. B. Fold paper. C. Sing. D. Tell stories.
18.
A. At the age of four. B. At the age of five.
C. At the age of six. D. At the age of seven.
【答案】17. B 18. B
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
19.
A. His college life is too boring.
B. Some principles of science are too difficult for him to understand.
C. Students can’t quite follow his teaching.
D. He can’t concentrate when talking about some basics.
20.
A. Freshmen are usually highly motivated.
B. Jane White teaches chemistry in college.
C. Susan is popular with her students.
D. The man will try something new.
【答案】19. C 20. D
【解析】
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10%)
Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with, a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other
blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
What is an insect? Insects of all kinds have existed on earth for millions of years. Sometimes we think of all
insects as pests. Human life, however, would have a difficult time continuing without insects, ___21___ they
pollinate plants and are a food source for many animals. Besides, insects, especially the social ___22___，are
fascinating.
One very interesting and useful social insect is the honey bee. Bees ___23___ (consider) social insects because
they live and work together. The bee lives in a beehive with other worker bees, and with the queen, who can lay
thousands of eggs a day. The worker bees make wax used ___24___ (create) new cells inside the hive. Humans use
this valuable beeswax ___25___ candles，cosmetics, expensive furniture polish, and other products. They also
produce honey, a valuable food for humans (as well as for bees).
Another fascinating social insect is ___26___ ant. Many types of ants live in colonies underground. There
thousands of them build and maintain their “city”. They also cooperate to provide food, sometimes in a manner that
looks like human. For example, some ants actually raise their own food. One type of ant “farmer” keeps and cares for
tiny insects that suck sweet sap (汁液)from plants. Ant farmers milk them from the sap, just like actual farmers milk
cows. The sap is then given as food to young ants and to the queen, ___27___ main duty is to lay eggs. Another type
of ant that produces its own food does so by gardening. These farmer ants take pieces of leaves into the colony and
chew them up. The soft， ___28___ (chew) up leaves then sprout (涌出)a fungus that the worker ants use to feed the
queen and young ants. There are many other ways that ants cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.
There are also many other kinds of social insects. ___29___ makes them all so fascinating is their organization.
___30___ each insect has certain tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living
organism.
【答案】21. because
22. ones 23. are considered
24. to create
25. in 26. the
27. whose 28. chewed
29. What 30. Although
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。各种各样的昆虫在地球上已经存在了数百万年。有时我们认为所有的昆虫都是害虫。然
而，如果没有昆虫，人类的生活将难以继续，因为昆虫为植物授粉，是许多动物的食物来源。此外，昆虫，
尤其是社会性的昆虫，是令人着迷的。文章介绍了蜜蜂和蚂蚁两种社会性昆虫的组织结构。
【21 题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，如果没有昆虫，人类的生活将难以继续，因为昆虫为植物授粉，是许多动物的食
物来源。根据句意，本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”故填 because。
【22 题详解】
考查代词。句意：此外，昆虫，尤其是社会性的昆虫，是令人着迷的。此处指代上文 insects，表示泛指，
且为复数，故填 ones。
【23 题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：蜜蜂被认为是群居昆虫，因为它们生活和工作在一起。本句主语与谓语动词构
成被动，且时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，故填 are considered。
【24 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：工蜂用蜂蜡在蜂巢内制造新细胞。本句中 create 做非谓语动词，表目的，故填不定
式 to create。
【25 题详解】
考查介词。句意：人类在蜡烛、化妆品、昂贵的家具上光剂和其他产品中使用这种珍贵的蜂蜡。根据句意
可知表示“在……之中”应填介词 in。
【26 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：另一种有趣的社会性昆虫是蚂蚁。ant 为可数名词，此处表示特指“蚂蚁”这种社会性昆
虫，故填定冠词 the。
【27 题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：然后汁液被作为食物喂给年轻的蚂蚁和蚁后，蚁后的主要职责是产卵。本句
为定语从句修饰先行词 the queen，且先行词在从句中做定语，故填关系代词 whose。
【28 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些柔软的、被咀嚼过的叶子会长出一种真菌，工蚁用它来喂养蚁后和幼蚁。本
句中 chew 做非谓语动词与逻辑主语 leaves 构成被动，故用过去分词 chewed。
【29 题详解】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意：让他们如此迷人 是他们的组织。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指
事物，故填 What。
【30 题详解】
考查状语从句连词。句意：尽管每只昆虫都有特定的任务要完成，但整个蜂房或蜂群似乎是一个活的有机
体。本句为让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”且位于句首，故填 Although。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾
语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）
三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序
和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第九小题，考查名词性从句连接词。句意：让他们如此迷人的是他们的组
织。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，故填 What。
的
Section B (10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. imbalance B. cultivating C. motivation D. criticize E. quality F. fully
G. definite H. significantly I. genetic J. lacked K. strengthen
Some personal characteristics play a vital role in the development of one’s intelligence. After a 30-year
follow-up study of 8, 000 males, American psychologists found out that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is
not intelligence itself, but non-intelligence factors. The so-called “non-intelligence factors” include one’s feelings,
will, ___31___, interests and habits.
Though people all know that one should have ___32___ objectives, a strong will and good learning habits,
quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to ___33___ these factors.
Some parents are greatly worried when their children fail to do well in their studies. They blame either
___34___ factors, malnutrition, or laziness, but they never take into consideration these non-intelligence factors. At
the same time, some teachers don’t inquire into these as reasons why students do poorly. They simply give them more
courses and exercises, or even ___35___ or laugh at them. After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of
them just feel defeated and give themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray because they are sick of learning.
An investigation of more than 1，000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46. 5 percent of them were
afraid of learning because of examination and 36. 4 percent ___36___ persistence, initiative and conscientiousness.
It is clear that the lack of cultivation of non-intelligence factors has been a main obstacle to intelligence
development in teenagers. It even causes a(n) ___37___ between physiological and psychological development
among a few students.
If we don't start now to ___38___ the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only obstruct the
development of the intelligence of teenagers, but also affect the ___39___ of a whole generation. Some experts have
put forward suggestions about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors.
First, parents and teachers should ___40___ understand teenage psychology. On this basic, they can help them
to pursue the objectives of learning, exciting their interests and toughening their willpower.
【答案】31. C 32. G
33. B 34. I
35. D 36. J
37. A 38. K
39. E 40. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文说明了非智力因素对人们的影响。研究表明,非智力因素的缺乏培养已经成为青少年
智力发展的主要障碍。它甚至在少数学生中造成生理和心理发展的不平衡。如果加强非智力因素的培养，
不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发展，还会影响整个一代人的素质。一些专家提出了建议家长和老师应该充分了
解青少年的心理。在此基础上，他们可以帮助他们追求学习的目标，激发他们的兴趣，磨练他们的意志力。
【31 题详解】
考查名词。句意：所谓的“非智力因素”包括一个人的情感、意志、动机、兴趣和习惯。根据句意可知表
示“动机”应填名词 motivation。故选 C。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然人们都知道，一个人应该有明确的目标，坚强的意志和良好的学习习惯，相当多
的老师和家长不重视培养这些因素。根据句意修饰名词 objectives 应用形容词 definite“明确的；一定的”，
故选 G。
【33 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然人们都知道，一个人应该有明确的目标，坚强的意志和良好的学习习惯，相
当多的老师和家长不重视培养这些因素。to 为介词后跟动名词做宾语，表示“培养”，故填cultivating。符
合句意。故选 B。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们将其归咎于基因因素、营养不良或懒惰，但他们从未考虑过这些非智力因素。根
据句意修饰名词 factors 应用形容词 genetic，表示“基因的”，符合句意。故选I。
【35 题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们只是给他们更多的课程和练习，甚至批评或嘲笑他们。根据下文 laugh at them 可知是
批评或嘲讽，故填 criticize“批评”，故选D。
【36 题详解】
考查动词。句意：一项对上海 1000 多名中学生的调查显示，46.5%的中学生因考试而害怕学习，36.4%的中
学生缺乏毅力、主动性和自觉性。根据句意可知表示“缺乏”，时态为一般过去时，故填lacked。故选 J。
【37 题详解】
考查名词。句意：它甚至在少数学生中造成生理和心理发展的不平衡。根据上文 an 可知填名词 imbalance，
表示“不平衡”，符合句意。故选A。
【38 题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果我们现在不开始加强非智力因素的培养，不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发展，还会影响
整个一代人的素质。start 后接动词不定式，根据句意可知表示“巩固；加强”应填动词 strengthen。故选
K。
【39 题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果我们现在不开始加强非智力因素的培养，不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发展，还会影响
整个一代人的素质。根据句意可知表示“素质”应填名词 quality。作 affect 的宾语。故选 E。
【40 题详解】
考查副词。句意：首先，家长和老师应该充分了解青少年的心理。修饰动词 understand 应用副词，且表示“充
分地；完全地”故填 fully。符合句意。故选 F。
【答案】31. C 32. G
33. B 34. I
35. D 36. J
37. A 38. K
39. E 40. F
III. Reading Comprehension Section A (15%)
Directions : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,
C and D. Fill in each blank “with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that over 50,000 people every year sustain some sort of
winter-related back injury，and 5，800 of those are holiday decorating- ___41___. These aches and pains can
___42___ bring trouble to people’s life. It is said that people’s back could sustain all sorts of strain from carrying
heavy ___43___，and from the increased stress of lugging suitcases, decorations and gifts. Dr. Alanna Levine
spoke to Debbye Turner Bell on “The Early Show” about how to ___44___ the back for the holiday season.
The first ___45___ Dr. Levine gave was about carrying heavy shopping bags. Smaller bags, she said, are better.
“You don’t want to load everything up into one bag and lug it around,” Dr. Levine explained. “You want to
___46___ the weight on your body. ” She also ___47___ putting heavier items towards the bottom in those bags and
lighter items on top. Also, if you can, make frequent trips to the car to drop ___48___ purchases.
___49___ can be another pain in the back—from carrying heavy luggage. Again, Dr. Levine ___50___ not to
pack everything into one bag. Even though it may cost more, she said that packing two smaller bags is safer than
packing a heavy one. Also, choose a lightweight bag, so that the only weight you’re carrying is the ___51___ inside
the suitcase.
When unloading bags from an airport baggage claim, Dr. Levine suggested standing ___52___ to the carousel
(圆盘传送带) and bending your knees to lift it up. “You want to avoid that reach-and-lift. It puts a(n) ___53___ on
your lower back,” she said.
When it ___54___ holiday decorating, people take more ___55___. Dr. Levine suggested decorating in pairs,
so that one person can hand the lights and ornaments to the other person to hang, thus avoiding reaching or twisting to
get what you need.
41. A. kept B. stayed C. related D. connected
42. A. necessarily B. undoubtedly C. vitally D. blindly
43. A. products B. purchases C. tools D. cases
44. A. provide B. prevent C. preserve D. protect
45. A. tip B. way C. method D. step
46. A. display B. distribute C. distract D. discuss
47. A. refused B. recognized C. rejected D. recommended
48. A. on B. in C. off D. out
49. A. Travel B. Housework C. Task D. Labor
50. A. considered B. thought C. wished D. stressed
51. A. contracts B. contests C. contents D. contexts
52. A. separately B. close C. apart D. far
53. A. burden B. impression C. pressure D. focus
54. A. seems to B. goes to C. speaks to D. comes to
55. A. time B. risks C. efforts D. effect
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C
52. B 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，每年有超过 5 万人遭受某种与冬季有关的背部损伤，其
中 5800 人与节日装饰有关。这些病痛无疑会给人们的生活带来麻烦。因此 Alanna Levine 博士在“The Early
Show”节目中向 Debbye Turner Bell 讲述了如何在假期保护背部的方法建议。
【41 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，每年有超过 5 万人遭受某种与冬季有关的背部
损伤，其中 5800 人与节日装饰有关。A. kept 保持；B. stayed 停留；C. related 有关；D. connected 连接。根
据 n5，800 of those are holiday decorating 可知，其中 5800 人与节日装饰有关。故选 C。
【42 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些病痛无疑会给人们的生活带来麻烦。A. necessarily 必要地；B. undoubtedly
确实地；无疑 ；C. vitally 极其；D. blindly 盲目地。病痛肯定会给人们带来麻烦。故选 B。
【43 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说，人们的背部承受着各种各样的压力，包括搬运沉重的物品，以及不断增
加的行李箱子、装饰品和礼物的压力。A. products 产品；B. purchases 所购物；物品；C. tools 工具；D. cases
情况。根据下文 lugging suitcases, decorations and gifts 可知都是购买的物品，故选 B。
【44 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alanna Levine 博士在“The Early Show”节目中向 Debbye Turner Bell 讲述了如
何在假期保护背部。A. provide 提供；B. prevent 阻止；C. preserve 保存；D. protect 保护。根据下文 the back
以及提出的具体建议可知，是保护背部，故选 D。
【45 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Levine 博士给出的第一个建议是提沉重的购物袋。A. tip 建议；B. way 道路；C.
method 方法；D. step 脚步。根据上文 about how to 4 the back for the holiday season.可知，是给出
的建议。故选 A。
【46 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士解释说:“你别指望着把所有东西都装进一个袋子，然后拖来拖
去。”“你想把重量分配到你的身体上。”A. display 展示；B. distribute 分配；C. distract 分心；D. discuss
讨论。根据下文 putting heavier items towards the bottom in those bags and lighter items on top 可知是在分配物品
的重量。故选 B。
【47 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还建议将较重的物品放在包的底部，将较轻的物品放在顶部。A. refused 拒绝；
B. recognized 认识；C. rejected 不同意；D. recommended 推荐；建议。根据 putting heavier items towards
the bottom in those bags and lighter items on top 可知，此处是在提出建议，故选 D。
【48 题详解】
考查介词搭配。句意：此外，如果可以的话，可以经常开车去购物，这样可以减少一次性购物的数量。A. on
在上面；B. in 在里面；C. off 脱离；D. out 向外。根据“make frequent trips to the car to”可知，可以经
常开车去购物，这样可以减少一次性购物的数量。短语 drop off“减少”。故选C。
【49 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行可能是另一种搬运沉重行李造成的背部疼痛的原因。A. Travel 旅行；B.
Housework 家务劳动；C. Task 任务；D. Labor 劳动。根据下文 luggage 可知是旅行。故选 A。
【50 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士再次强调，不要把所有东西都装在一个袋子里。A. considered 考虑；
B. thought 认为；C. wished 希望；D. stressed 强调。根据上文 You don’t want to load everything up into
one bag 以及 pack everything into one bag 可知，同样的建议又说了一遍，所以是强调。选 D。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另外，选择一个轻便的包，这样你携带的唯一重量就是行李箱里的东西。A. contracts
合同；B. contests 竞赛；C. contents 目录；东西；D. contexts 上下文语境。根据常识可知，行李箱里装的肯
定是东西。本句中 content 表示“东西；物品”。故选C。
【52 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士建议，在机场行李提取处取行李时，站在传送带附近，弯曲膝盖把行
李抬起来。A. separately 分别地；B. close 紧密地；靠近地；C. apart 与众不同地；D. far 远地。根据 bending
your knees to lift it up.可知此处表示“站的离传送带近一些”才能弯曲膝盖把行李抬起来，故选 B。
【53 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给你的背部下方增加了负担。A. burden 负担；B. impression 印象；C. pressure
压力；D. focus 中心。根据“You want to avoid that reach-and-lift. ”可知，不避免那种触手可及的感觉
会给背部增加负担，故选 A。
【54 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：说到节日装饰，人们会冒更多的风险。A. seems to 似乎；B. goes to 到；C. speaks
to 对……说话；D. comes to 说起；想起。固定短语 when it comes to…“当说到……”。故选D。
【55 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到节日装饰，人们会冒更多的风险。A. time 时间；B. risks 风险；C. efforts 努
力；D. effect 影响。根据上文 winter-related back injury, and 5800 of those are holiday decorating-related.可知许
多背部受伤都是和节日装饰有关，因此人们在节日装饰时要冒更多的背部受伤风险。故选 B。
【点睛】完形填空
故事类短文阅读是记叙文体的一种，主要描写一个故事发生的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是
以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
解这类时要注意：
1. 掌握几种逻辑关系词
考生在做这类题目是一定要很好地把握上下文逻辑关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、
并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。
2. 准确把握逻辑关系
考生在做题过程中需要留意上下文，正确把握上下文之间的逻辑关系。逻辑关系涉及时间、条件、原因、
转折等几个方面。正确理解文章的内容并把握逻辑关系有助于考生准确地解答试题。
如第 15 小题，根据上文 winter-related back injury, and 5800 of those are holiday decorating-related.可知许多背部
受伤都是和节日装饰有关，因此人们在节日装饰时要冒更多的背部受伤风险。故选 B。
3. 仔细体会作者的思想情感
在解题过程中，考生要仔细体会作者所要表达的思想情感，不能按自己的想法去揣测文章中人物的心理活
动。
Section B (22%)
Directions : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
One of the many interesting features of American society is the prestige granted to business institutions. Their
status is arguably greater than that of any other kind of organization including, or perhaps especially, the government.
What exactly is it about Americans that makes them place business on such a high social level and admire the
successful business person so openly?
One possible explanation could be that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the concept of
competition than other institutions in their society. Fair and open competition is an ideal long cherished, one could
even say deep rooted in American political and economic life. It is seen as the source of progress, prosperity and
opportunity. In fact, in the American psyche, the importance of free competition goes even deeper than that； free
competition is the means by which other defining values such as democracy and individual liberty are achieved and
ensured.
In American eyes, competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly of
power, either economic or political. As in politics, where the government is divided into branches, each with powers
that offset those of the others, businesses compete against each other for profits. The idea being that if one business
tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competitors who treat their customers more fairly. In
theory, where many businesses compete for the customers' dollars，the interests of the consumer will be
paramount.
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the American ideal of equality of opportunity. It is seen as
an open and beneficial contest where success goes to the fittest； to those most deserving of it. Competitive success
is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on inherited status. In America, accomplishment
in business and the accumulation of wealth and power thereby is viewed in the same light as an aristocratic ancestry
once was in the Old World.
56. According to the passage, business achievement in America __________.
A. is losing the respect of the society
B. has always been highly regarded
C. is second only to public service in social status
D. has been viewed differently over the years
57. In the American view, who benefits from business competition?
A. The wealthy. B. The government.
C. The dishonest businessman. D. The society as a whole.
58. Government and business are said to be similar for what reason?
A. Both are considered untrustworthy. B. Both primarily benefit the wealthy.
C. Both are based on competition. D. Both have a monopoly on power.
59. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about what Americans believe?
A. Competition is generally fair.
B. Competition should be limited to business.
C. Competition should be regulated by the government.
D. Competition does not benefit the poor.
【答案】56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。描述了美国社会赋予商业机构的声望，美国人把商业放在如此高的社会地位，如此公开
地钦佩成功的商人。其原因是商业竞争被视为整个社会进步、繁荣和机遇的源泉。并且政府和企业相似也
是因为两者都基于竞争。商业竞争也被认为强化了美国的机会平等的理想。它被视为一场开放而有益的竞
赛，成功属于适者生存;献给那些最值得的人。
【56 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中 One of the many interesting features of American society is the prestige granted to
business institutions. Their status is arguably greater than that of any other kind of organization including, or perhaps
especially, the government.（美国社会的许多有趣特征之一，就是赋予商业机构的声望。他们的地位可以说比
任何其他类型的组织都高，尤其包括政府。）可知商业成就在美国一直被高度重视。故选 B。
【57 题详解】
推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中 It is seen as the source of progress, prosperity and opportunity. In fact, in the
American psyche, the importance of free competition goes even deeper than that; free competition is the means by
which other defining values such as democracy and individual liberty are achieved and ensured.（它被视为进步、繁
荣和机遇的源泉。事实上，在美国人的心理中，自由竞争的重要性远不止于此;自由竞争是实现和确保民主
和个人自由等其他确定价值的手段。）可知商业竞争被认为是社会进步、繁荣和机遇的源泉，因此可推断整
个社会会从商业竞争中受益。故选 D。
【58 题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第二句 As in politics, where the government is divided into branches, each with powers that
offset those of the others, businesses compete against each other for profits.（就像在政治领域，政府被划分为多个
分支机构，每个分支机构的权力与其他分支机构的权力相抵消，企业之间为了利润而相互竞争。）可知政府
和企业相似是因为两者都基于竞争。故选 C。
【59 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中 Fair and open competition is an ideal long cherished, one could even say deep rooted
in American political and economic life.（公平、公开的竞争是一种长期珍视的理想，甚至可以说深深植根于
美国政治和经济生活之中。）可推断出美国人信仰竞争一般是公平的。故选 A。
(B)
To: David Rodgers
From: Mavis Chen
Subject: getting back our old subscribers
Since the marketing meeting yesterday, it occurred to me that we might be ignoring one potentially important
source of subscribers. We have focused so intently on how to expand the appeal of our product to groups that have
never used it before that I’m afraid we may have overlooked the obvious； we may have forgotten that there is a
whole group of interested people who have used it and stopped for one reason or another.
This target group has particularly good potential because it consists of readers who have demonstrated interest in
the subject matter we present. Their interest is not something we have to work to stimulate. I suggest that making a
maximum effort to win these readers back will be more effective on a percentage basis than pursuing some of the
other groups we’ve identified.
Since these readers quit using our product once, they were most likely dissatisfied with some aspect of our
presentation or our pricing. Our new product will be vastly improved over the old version and is priced more
competitively. We need to do everything possible to get those points across, perhaps by sending them a free issue and
by asking for their opinions on how we might improve it even further. This could be in the form of a very short survey,
either included with the free issue or accessible online.
If you think this idea has merit and might be willing to authorize it, let’s discuss it further when you’ve got a few
spare minutes. I have a rough draft of the survey questions I could show you.
60. What kind of product is the writer referring to in the memo?
A. A web-based information service. B. A magazine.
C. A consulting service. D. Computer software.
61. Why is the writer confident that they can win back their old customers?
A. Their product has no competition.
B. Their product has changed dramatically.
C. They have reduced the price of their product
D. The need for their product has increased.
62. What does the writer want to do?
A. Start her plan immediately. B. Wait for input from the survey.
C. Get Mr. Rodgers’ approval. D. Present her idea in the next meeting.
【答案】60. B 61. B 62. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。这是一封 Mavis Chen 写给 David Rodgers 先生关于改进杂志以赢得老客户 电子邮件。
【60 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 This target group has particularly good potential because it consists of readers
who have demonstrated interest in the subject matter we present.（这个目标群体具有特别好的潜力，因为它由对
我们提出的主题表现出兴趣的读者组成。）中 reader“读者”可知作者在备忘录中提到的产品是一本杂志。
故选 B。
【61 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中 Our new product will be vastly improved over the old version and is priced more
competitively.（我们的新产品将比旧产品有很大的改进，价格也更有竞争力。）可知作者相信他们能赢回老
客户是因为他们的产品发生了巨大的变化。故选 B。
【62 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句 If you think this idea has merit and might be willing to authorize it, let’s
discuss it further when you’ve got a few spare minutes.（如果您认为这个想法有价值，并且可能愿意批准它，
的
那么当您有几分钟空闲时间时，让我们进一步讨论它。）由此判断出作者希望得到收件人 Rodgers 先生的批
准。故选 C。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题就是我们常见的 wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等
进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎
都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体
展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关
的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题 1，根据第二段第一句 This target group has
particularly good potential because it consists of readers who have demonstrated interest in the subject matter we
present.（这个目标群体具有特别好的潜力，因为它由对我们提出的主题表现出兴趣的读者组成。）中
reader“读者”可知作者在备忘录中提到的产品是一本杂志。故选 B。
(C)
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime
television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows
are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer
and the Oprah Winfrey shows.
Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk”. The topics on his show are as shocking as
shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate,
conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s
moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people’s lives.
Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction.
The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your
children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.
Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends
every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this
is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.
Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audiences are middle-class Americans.
Most of these people have the time，money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the
other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21 year olds whose main
troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex，money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons
to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.
While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now.
Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both
could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
63. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ____.
A. remain indifferent to them B. are ready to face up to them
C. remain fascinated by them D. are willing to get involved in them
64. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?
A. A new type of robot. B. Family budget planning.
C. Racist hatred. D. Street violence.
65. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ____.
A. ironic B. instructive C. sensitive D. cynical
66. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ____.
A. are targeted at different audiences B. exploit the weakness in human nature
C. appear at different times of the day D. have monopolized the talk show circuit
【答案】63. C 64. B 65. B 66. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两种不同风格的电视谈话类节目。一个针对美国中产阶级，他们大多有金钱，
有能力解决生活中的问题；一个针对社会阴暗面中存在的问题，更适合社会上的年轻人。
【63 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s
moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people’s lives.（很明显，
Jerry Springer 节目是对社会道德灾难的一种展示和利用，然而，人们仍然愿意把别人生活中有趣的困境一饱
眼福。）可知虽然 Jerry Springer 谈论的社会问题似乎令人反感，但观众仍然对它们着迷。故选 C。
【64 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中 The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life.
Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your
neighbors.（这个节目关注的是社会的进步和个人生活质量的提高。话题从教你的孩子的责任，管理你的工
作周，到了解你的邻居。）分析选项 A. A new type of robot.新型机器人；B. Family budget planning.家庭预算计
划；C. Racist hatred.种族歧视；D. Street violence.街头暴力。可知 B 选项最符合 Oprah Winfrey 的话题。故选
B。
【65 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段 The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life.
Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your
neighbors.（这个节目关注的是社会的进步和个人生活质量的提高。话题从教你的孩子的责任，管理你的工
作周，到了解你的邻居。）；以及倒数第三段最后一句 Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn
something very valuable.（希望大多数人都能在这部分学到一些非常有价值的东西。）中可知 Oprah Winfrey
和 Jerry Springer 的脱口秀尽管他们的方法不同，这两个谈话节目都是有启发性的。故选 B。
【66 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 The show’s main target audiences are middle-class Americans.（该剧的主要观
众是中产阶级美国人。）可知 Oprah Winfrey 的目标观众是中产阶级；以及下文 Jerry Springer, on the other
hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society.（另一方面，Jerry Springer 与社会上的年轻人有
更多的联系。）可知 Jerry Springer 的观众是社会年轻人居多。故判断出这两个谈话节目针对不同的观众。故
选 A。
Section C (8%)
Directions : Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence
can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
First Impressions Count
Traditionally uniforms were—and for some industries still are -- manufactured to protect the worker. When they
were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense—those for the military, for example, were
originally intended to impress and even terrify the enemy； other uniforms denoted a hierarchy.
___67___ Particularly in “customer facing” industries, and especially in financial services and retailing. From
uniforms and workwear has emerged “corporate clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors,” says
Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is
terribly important. ” The result is a new way of looking at corporate workwear. From being a simple means of
identifying who is a member of the staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.
___68___ Wittingly or unwittingly, how we look sends all sorts of powerful subliminal messages to other
people. Dark colors give an aura of authority while lighter pastel shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style
creates a sense of conservatism, others a sense of openness to new ideas. Neatness can suggest efficiency but, if it is
overdone, it can spill over and indicate an obsession with power.
___69___ On the one hand, no uniform will work if the staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a
choice has become a key element in the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other, it is
pointless if the look doesn’t express the business’s marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time.
When it comes to human perceptions，first impressions count. Customers will size up the way the staff look in just a
few seconds» and that few seconds will color their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that
big companies are prepared to invest years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.
___70___ Some banks have yet to introduce a full corporate look； police forces are researching a complete
new look for the 21st century. And many employees now welcome a company wardrobe. A recent survey of the staff
found that 90 percent welcomed having clothing which reflected the corporate identity.
A. Chefs wore white because they work with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he supervised.
B. Huge investments have been made in new systems, information technology and amassing quality assurance
accreditations.
C. A successful uniform needs to balance two key sets of needs.
D. Truly effective marketing through visual cues such as uniforms is a subtle art, however.
E. Corporate clothing does have potential for further growth.
F. The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing emphasis on their role in protecting the image of an
organization and in uniting the workforce into a homogeneous unit.
【答案】67. F 68. D 69. C 70. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是制服的由来和在当代的发展，以及制服的作用。
【67 题详解】
根据上文 When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense-those for the military,
for example, were originally intended to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms denoted a hierarchy.
（当它们最初被设计出来的时候，也很可能所有的制服都具有象征意义——例如那些为军队设计的制服，
最初是为了给敌人留下深刻印象，甚至是恐吓他们;其他制服表示等级制度。）可知制服最初因为其具有象征
意义，并不被人重视。根据下文 From being a simple means of identifying who is a member of the staff, the
uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.（制服从一种简单的识别员工身份的方法，逐
渐成为一种新的营销传播渠道。）可知人们对待制服的态度有了转变，制服开始象征一个组织的形象并发挥
了将工作人员团结成一个同质单位方面的作用。故 F 选项“然而，在过去的 30 年里，人们越来越重视他们
在保护组织形象和将员工团结成一个同质单位方面的作用”符合语境。故选 F 项。
【68 题详解】
根据下文 Wittingly or unwittingly, how we look sends all sorts of powerful subliminal messages to other people.
（无论有意还是无意，我们的外表都会向他人传递各种强大的潜意识信息。）可知制服带给人们的是一种很
微妙的视觉艺术。故 D 选项“然而，通过制服等视觉线索进行真正有效的营销是一门微妙的艺术。”符合
语境，故选 D。
【69 题详解】
根据下文 On the one hand, no uniform will work if the staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a choice
has become a key element in the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other, it is pointless if the
look doesn’t express the business’s marketing strategy.（一方面，如果员工感到不舒服或难看，就不会穿制
服。给穿着者一个选择已经成为企业服装引进和管理的一个关键因素。另一方面，如果外观不能体现企业
的营销策略，那就毫无意义。）可知描述了一个成功的制服需要平衡两种关键的需求。故 C 选项“一个成功
的制服需要平衡两种关键的需求”符合语境。故选 C。
【70 题详解】
根据下文 Some banks have yet to introduce a full corporate look; police forces are researching a complete new look
for the 21st century.（一些银行尚未推出完整的企业形象;警察部队正在研究面向 21 世纪的全新面貌。）可推
知企业服装有进一步增长的潜力。故 E 选项“企业服装有进一步增长的潜力”符合语境。故选 E。
IV. Summary Writing (10%)
71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own -words as far as possible.
China accounts for almost 22 percent of the world’s population and is one of the world’s largest and most
rapidly growing economies. However, it has only 10 percent of the world’s total cultivated area and is having
increasing difficulties in securing water for agricultural purposes.
Despite population growing at an average rate of around one percent a year and its economy at around 9 percent
a year since the early 1990s，China has so far maintained approximate self- sufficiency in agricultural products
overall, in the sense that exports have been approximately matching imports. In fact, China has been the world’s
fourth largest importer after the European Union, the United States and Japan.
The ability of China's agriculture to keep pace with growing demand reflects a few key factors. Yield
improvements have been achieved through more intensive use of inputs such as fertilizers, agricultural machinery
and irrigation, and the introduction of advanced technologies in agricultural production.
The Chinese government has had a policy of agricultural self-sufficiency. However, China's membership of the
World Trade Organization (WTO) since 2001 could signal a greater preparedness to accept imports and embrace
opportunities provided by export markets. Importantly, however, more than three decades of reforms have permitted
the market to have a greater influence on what farmers are producing and selling. Reflecting these factors，China
has been gradually shifting its agricultural production away from land intensive products，such as cereals, toward
higher value, labor intensive products such as meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, fish and seafood. That is, China is
producing more in line with its comparative advantage.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】China has fed the largest population in the world with its limited cultivated land and has maintained
self-sufficiency. Some uses of inputs and advanced technologies have led to agricultural improvement. Since China
joined WTO, it has imported more from other countries and it also has shifted its agricultural production from low
value to higher value.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。
【详解】写作步骤
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了中国以其有限的耕地养活了世界上最多的
人口，并保持了自给自足。一些投入和先进技术的使用使农业不断发展。中国加入世贸组织以来，从其他
国家进口的农产品越来越多，农业生产也从低价值向高价值转变。
2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分 概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出
与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也
不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬
（4）不排斥用原文 某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句
子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
V. Translation (15%)
Directions : Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.
72. 不断增加的世界人口对地球上有限的资源而言是一种极大的消耗。(drain)
的
的
______________
73. 做医生需要极大的责任心，因为它事关生死差别。(mean)
______________
74. 缺乏实践的大学毕业生不太可能马上找到高薪的工作。(chance)
______________
75. 一个优秀的学习者会通过不断反思过去的学习经历来找到最适合自己的学习方法。 (reflect)
______________
【答案】72. The increasing world population is a great drain on the limited resources on the earth.
73. Working as a doctor calls for / involves / takes a great sense of responsibility for it means difference between life
and death.
74. There is little chance that a university graduate without any practical experience can finds a job with high pay.
75. An excellent learner will find the most suitable learning method by constantly reflecting on his past / previous
learning experiences.
【解析】
【72 题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。短语 a great drain“极大的消耗”；短语limited resources“有限的资源”。且根据句意
应用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为 The increasing world population is a great drain on the limited
resources on the earth.。
【73 题详解】
考查固定短语，非谓语动词，时态。本句为动名词做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。短语 call
for/involve/take a great sense of responsibility“需要极大的责任心”。根据句意需用一般现在时。再根据其它汉
语 提 示 ， 故 译 为 Working as a doctor calls for / involves / takes a great sense of responsibility for it means
difference between life and death.。
【74 题详解】
考 查 固 定 句 式 和 时 态 。 句 型 There is little chance that…“ 不 太 可 能 ……”，短 语without any practical
experience“缺乏实践”。 且根据句意为描述客观事实应用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为 There
is little chance that a university graduate without any practical experience can finds a job with high pay.。
【75 题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。短语 reflect on“反思；反省”。本句做介词by 的宾语需要用动名词形式，且根据句
意为描述客观事实应用一般将来时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为 An excellent learner will find the most
suitable learning method by constantly reflecting on his past / previous learning experiences.。
VI. Guided Writing (25%)
76.Directions : Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校 同学行动起来，
为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时，下周六学校将组织同学在全市进行环保宣传活动，现征召志愿者到校
学生会报名。注意:(1)短文应包括以上所提供的主要信息，可适当 发挥; (2)词数:120—150; (3)倡议书格式以
及开头已提供，不计人总词数；(4)参考词汇: recruit 征召(新人)。
Dear brothers and sisters，
As the annual Tree Planting Day is approaching, it once again reminds us of the environ-mental protection campaign.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
【答案】As the annual Tree Planting day is approaching，it once again reminds us of the environmental protection
campaign. Stepping into the 21st century, we are experiencing the rapid development of economy and technology.
However, beneficial as it may seem, it also has cast a spotlight on the environmental problem, which is going from
bad to worse. The polluted air, water and food are threatening people’s health, putting all the human beings on the
edge of death.
Therefore, it’s really high time that we took timely actions to protect our common homeland. Hereby, the Students’
Union appeals to all the students to spare no efforts to protect the environment, starting with some small things, not
only for ourselves, but also for our offspring and others around us. Despite the fact that the current situation leaves
much to be desired, we aren’t supposed to find excuses to show disregards for the environment and should remember:
One more effort can make a difference!
What’s more, with the view to responding to this campaign, our school has decided to organize the students to
publicize the concept of environmental protection around the city next Saturday. The Students’ Union is recruiting
participants these days. Whoever shows any interest can come and join us!
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
University Students’ Union
【解析】
,
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类作文。
【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一份倡议书；假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。你将
代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校同学行动起来，为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时，下周六学校将
组织同学在全市进行环保宣传活动，现征召志愿者到校学生会报名。
第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：the annual Tree Planting day（年度植树节），remind of（提
醒），step into（进入）；cast a spotlight on（集中注意力于……），threaten（威胁）；on the edge of death（死亡
边缘）等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美
观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如 However,
beneficial as it may seem, it also has cast a spotlight on the environmental problem, which is going from bad to worse.
运用了非限定性定语从句；The polluted air, water and food are threatening people’s health, putting all the human
beings on the edge of death.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能
力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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