2020届安徽省合肥市高三第三次质量检测英语试题（解析版）

合肥市 2020 年高三第三次教学质量检测 英语试题 （考试时间 120 分钟满分：150 分） 试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节 为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。试卷满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科类填 写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.回答非选择题时，必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内 相应的位置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不 能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项 。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。 1. What is the man doing? A. Asking for information. B. Offering suggestions. C. Talking about the traffic. 2. How does the man feel about the change? A. Satisfied. B. Shocked. C. Disappointed. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Getting Zoe a gift. B. Having a birthday party. C. Making a weekend plan. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a gallery. C. In a restaurant. 5. Why does the man seek a new job? A. To earn more money. B. To have better colleagues. C. To get promotion opportunities. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What did the man plan to do at first? A. Exchange a shirt. B. Buy a shirt. C. Return a shirt. 7. How much is the blue shirt at least? A. $45. B. $50. C. $55. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What does the man like best about cycling? A. It gives him pleasure. B. It helps cure diseases. C. It doesn't harm the environment. 9. Why does the man speak of movie stars? A. To promote cycling. B. To encourage the woman. C. To present their lifestyles. 10. How does the woman sound at the end of the conversation? A. Humorous. B. Positive. C. Curious. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What will the man do on Tuesday? A. Receive visitors. B. Pick up his boss. C. Attend a meeting. 12. When will the speakers get together next? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 13 What will the speakers talk about on the phone? A. Their work schedule. B. Their meeting place. C. Their departure date. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Salesperson and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. What does the man say about the book Sherlock Holmes? A. Its plot is interesting. B. Its language is attractive. C. Its characters are smart. 16. Why does the man prefer books to their movie versions? A. Books can leave readers thinking actively. . B. Books are really good for readers' minds. C. Books may offer readers many more details. 17. What will the woman probably do next? A. Write books. B. Read books. C. Purchase books. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What does the speaker say about herself? A. She is very patient. B. She is in poor health. C. She is a bit independent. 19. Why did the speaker set up the organization? A. To offer those in need jobs. B. To make more profits. C. To produce masks. 20. What does the speaker mean at the end of the talk? A. She wants more volunteers. B. She has enough masks now. C. She is ready to help others. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A Shanghai University of Sport (SUS) Invites Global Talents The Physical Fitness teaching team is one of the excellent national-level course teaching teams at SUS. The main courses of this team are Theories and Methods of Healthy Fitness Assessment, Sports Prescription and Sports Health Management. The following positions are available for applicants worldwide. Leading Expert Qualifications: * A Ph.D. degree or an MD degree from an accredited(授权的)institutionis required. * Applicants have productive research activities, including, but not limited to, publications, conference presentations, and copywriting. Faculty Member Qualifications : * A Ph.D. degree or an MD degree from an accredited institution is required. * Applicants have successful teaching experiences at the undergraduate and graduate level. * Disciplines: Physical Health Monitoring, Fitness Assessment, Preventive Medicine, Statistics, Child Health, Nutrition and Food Safety, and Data Science. Postdoc Fellowship Qualifications : * A Ph. D. degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last 3 years; fresh graduates are given priority in consideration. * The first author publications in peer-reviewed journals and a strong publication record are preferred. * Strong communication and cooperation skills and an interest in working in an inter- disciplinary environment are also required. Research Assistant Qualifications: * An MD degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last 3 years in sports rehabilitation(康复 )medicine or closely related fields. * Strong publications in top international journals (the first author) are preferred. * Good hands-on skills and good English communication skills are required. Please email all materials as a PDF file to Dr. Kailimi Li at likailimi@ sus. edu. en with the subject: the title of the position for which you are applying. Application deadline: July 31, 2020 or until filled. 1. Which position favors a recent graduate with a Ph.D. degree? A. Leading Expert. B. Faculty Member. C. Postdoc Fellowship. D. Research Assistant. 2. Who is most likely to get the position of Faculty Member? A. A regular contributor to international journals. B. A researcher in sports rehabilitation medicine. C. A writer giving many conference presentations. D. A professor teaching Nutrition and Food Safety. 3. What is the common qualification required by all the positions? A. A degree from an accredited institution. B. Communication and cooperation skills. C. The first author publication record. D. A good command of English. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海大学招聘的一些职位的具体要求。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Postdoc Fellowship Qualifications:部分的* A Ph. D. degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last 3 years; fresh graduates are given priority in consideration.(在过去三年内取得认可院校的 博士学位；应届毕业生优先考虑)可推测，刚毕业的博士生会偏向于博士后奖学金。所以 Postdoc Fellowship 这个职位更适合刚毕业的博士故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 Faculty Member Qualifications 部 分 下 的 * A Ph.D. degree or an MD degree from an accredited(授权的)institutions required.(需获得认证机构授予的博士或医学博士学位)和* Disciplines: Physical Health Monitoring, Fitness Assessment, Preventive Medicine, Statistics, Child Health, Nutrition and Food Safety, and Data Science.(学科：身体健康检测、体能评估、预防医学、统计学、营养和食品安全、数据科学。)可知 ，一个教授营养和食品安全的教授更有可能获得 Faculty Member 的职位。D. A professor teaching Nutrition and Food Safety.(一个教授营养和食品安全的教授)符合推测，故选 D 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Leading Expert 部分下的* A Ph.D. degree or an MD degree from an accredited(授权的 )institutions required(需授权机构的博士或者医学博士学位)；Faculty Member Qualifications :部分下的* A Ph.D. degree or an MD degree from an accredited institution is required.(需认证机构的博士或医学博士学位)； Postdoc Fellowship 部分下的* A Ph. D. degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last 3 years;(在 过去三年内取得认可院校的博士学位)和 Research Assistant Qualifications:部分下的* An MD degree from an accredited institution is obtained within the last 3 years(获得医学博士学位认证机构在过去三年体育康复医学或 密切相关的领域)可知，所有职位的共同特点都是：需要获得认证机构授予的学位。A. A degree from an accredited institution.(获得认证机构的学位)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 B Sharon Okpoe has lived her entire 17 years in Makoko, known as the world’s largest “floating slum (贫民窟)”, built on a lake in Lagos, Nigeria. Okpoe’s father is a fisherman, and her mother sells smoked fish. As many as two-thirds of the city’s 21 million residents live in slums. “Most girls are trapped in a terrible cycle of poverty. Many of them are not thinking of education, a plan for the future,” Abisoye Ajayi-Akinfolarin, a computer programmer in Lagos, recalls. But several times a week, girls like Okpoe get a glimpse of another world when they attend GirlsCoding, a free program run by the Pearls Africa Foundation that seeks to educate and excite girls about computer programming. Since 2012, the group has helped more than 400 disadvantaged girls gain the technical skills and confidence they need to transform their lives. It’s the vision of Ajayi-Akinfolarin, who left a successful career to devote herself to this work. She'd noticed how few women worked in this growing field-a 2013 government survey found that less than 8% of Nigerian women were employed in technology jobs. She wanted to fix the gender gap. “Technology is a space that’s dominated by men. Why should we leave that to guys?” she said. “I believe girls need opportunities.” Now, dozens of girls aged 10 to 17 get trained in computer programming technology. “I believe you can still find diamonds in these places,” Ajayi-Akinfolarin said. “They need to be shown another life.” One way her program does this is by taking the students to visit tech companies — not only showing them what technology can do, but also helping them visualize themselves joining the industry. Okpoe, for one, has taken this to heart. She helped create an app called Makoko Fresh that went live this summer, enabling fishermen like her father to sell seafood directly to customers. She even wants to become a software engineer and hopes to study computer science at Harvard. “One thing I want my girls to hold onto is, regardless of where they are coming from, that they can make it,” Ajayi said. “They are coders. They are thinkers. Their future is bright.” 4. What can we learn about GirlsCoding? A. It encourages girls to land a job in education. B. It offers Nigerian girls in need part-time jobs. C. It helps girls working in Lagos to fight poverty. D. It teaches girls in Makoko computer programming. 5. What did Ajayi-Akinfolarin say about the growing field in Paragraph 3? A. Men could do far better in technology jobs. B. Girls should get equal work opportunities. C. Men normally got paid more than women. D. Girls tended to devote themselves to work. 6. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Rebuilding the girls’ confidence. B. Training the girls to find diamonds. C. Presenting a different life to the girls. D. Taking the girls to technology companies. 7. What can we infer about Okpoe from the last paragraph? A. She got fishermen to benefit from her app. B. She was admitted to Harvard University. C. She took her father’s suggestion to heart. D. She made some changes to computer science. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Ajayi-Akinfolarin 在贫民窟中教女孩们计算机编程技术，向她们展示另一种生 活。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 But several times a week, girls like Okpoe get a glimpse of another world when they attend GirlsCoding, a free program run by the Pearls Africa Foundation that seeks to educate and excite girls about computer programming.可知，但是每周都有好几次，像奥克坡这样的女孩参加 GirlsCoding，这是一个 由珍珠非洲基金会运营的免费项目，旨在教育和激发女孩们对计算机编程的兴趣。由此可知，GirlsCoding 在 Makoko 教女孩计算机编程。故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段，Ajayi-Akinfolarin 注意到在这个不断发展的领域工作的女性很少，她想要弥补性 别差异，尤其是 I believe girls need opportunities.(我认为女孩需要机会)说明了在男性主导的这个不断发展的 领域中，女孩应该得到平等的工作机会。故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词所在句 One way her program does this is by taking the students to visit tech companies — not only showing them what technology can do, but also helping them visualize themselves joining the industry.可知，她做这个的计划的一种方法是通过学生访问科技公司——不仅教他们技术能做什么,还帮助 他们想象自己加入这个行业。由此可知，指示代词 this 指代前文的内容，前一句 Ajayi-Akinfolarin 所说的 话中 They need to be shown another life.(需要向她们展示另一种生活)。由此推断出，this 指的是给女孩们带 来不同的生活。故选 C 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 She helped create an app called Makoko Fresh that went live this summer, enabling fishermen like her father to sell seafood directly to customers.可知，她帮助开发了一款名为 Makoko Fresh 的应用 ，该应用于今年夏天上线，让像她父亲这样的渔民可以直接向客户销售海鲜。由此可知，她让渔民们受益 于她的应用程序。故选 A 项。 【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对 象，包括考查 it(指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she 等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词 this，that，these，those 等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章 中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读划线词所在句和前后临近句的 内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对 象。 C Tired of standing in line? Wait a bit longer, and you may never have to again. Everyone from Amazon to Silicon Valley startups is trying to lines in retail stores. Amazon has opened 24 of its Amazon Go stores, which use cameras and artificial intelligence to see what you've taken off shelves and charge you as you walk out. Some startups are closely copying Amazon's approach to using AI-powered cameras fixed in ceilings. But others are trying an entirely different way to skip the checkout: smart shopping carts. These companies have added cameras and sensors to the carts, and are using AI to tell what you’ve placed in them. A built-in scale weighs items, in case you have to pay by the pound for an item. Customers pay by entering a credit card, or through an online payment system. When a customer exits the store, a green light on the shopping cart indicates that their order is complete, and they’re charged. The startups behind the smart carts, including Caper and Veeve, say it’s much easier to add technology to the shopping cart than to an entire store. Amazom's Go stores rely on hundreds of cameras in the ceiling. The shelves also include sensors to tell when an item is removed. Ahmed Beshry, co-founder of Caper, believes the technology to run Go is too expensive to use in a large­ format grocery store. Neither Caper nor Veeve have said how much their smart shopping carts will cost, making it difficult to compare the different formats. Shariq Siddiqui, CEO of Veeve, said he’s finding increased interest from retailers given Amazon’s steady expansion of Go since opening the first store in Seattle in 2018. “We’re always happy when Amazon is doing something,” Siddiqui said. “They force retailers to get out of their old school thinking.” Each time a business uses artificial intelligence and cameras, it raises questions about customer privacy and the impact on jobs. Beshry notes that the cameras in his shopping cart point down into the cart, so only a customer’s hand and part of their arm will be captured on camera. 8. What do we know about the smart shopping carts? A. They are linked to the cameras fixed in the ceilings. B. They can tell customers where to find what they want. C. They flash the green light when the order is cancelled. D. They are able to recognize purchases placed in them. 9. What does Beshry think of the technology applied in Amazon’s Go stores? A. It is far more expensive than their shopping carts. B. It may increase the cost of running a store greatly. C. It has attracted many more retailers than before. D. It is likely to help retailers to think differently. 10. What is the best title for the text? A. The New Technology Promotes Retail Sales B. AI-powered Cameras Are Used in Retail Stores C Smart Shopping Carts Will Let You Skip the Line D. Artificial Intelligence Affects the Future Job Market 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了亚马逊 Go 商店中可以自动识别放置在车里的物品的智能购物车的工作情况， 智能购物车现在面对的问题和智能购物车的未来。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 These companies have added cameras and sensors to the carts, and are using AI to tell what you’ve placed in them.可知，这些公司已经在购物车中添加了摄像头和传感器，并利用人工智能来判断 你在购物车中放置了什么。由此可知，智能购物车能够识别放置在他们里面的商品。故选 D。 . 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Ahmed Beshry, co-founder of Caper, believes the technology to run Go is too expensive to use in a large­format grocery store.可知，Caper 的联合创始人 Ahmed Beshry 认为，运行 Go 的技术 过于昂贵，不适合在大型杂货店使用。由此可知，Beshry 认为亚马逊的 Go 商店应用的技术可能会大大增加 经营商店的成本。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段 Tired of standing in line? Wait a bit longer, and you may never have to again. Everyone from Amazon to Silicon Valley startups is trying to lines in retail stores.可知，厌倦了排队？再等一段时间，你可 能就再也不用这样做了。从亚马逊到硅谷的初创公司，所有人都在尝试在零售店排队。结合文章主要介绍 了亚马逊 Go 商店中可以自动识别放置在车里的物品的智能购物车的工作情况，智能购物车现在面对的问题 和智能购物车的未来。由此可知，C 选项“智能购物车可以让你跳过排队”最符合文章标题，故选 C。 D Walls blanketed in moss(苔鲜)are popping up in major cities, along with promises that they can reduce air pollution—but can a few square metres of plant matter really deal with the smog? A Berlin-based firm, Green City Solutions, believes so. Its moss walls, called the CityTree, are roughly 4 square metres in size. Armed with Wi-Fi sensors to monitor the health of moss, a City Tree functions autonomously and requires very little maintenance(维护). The wall collects rainwater, which is pumped through a built-in irrigation system to the plants, powered by solar energy. As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able to “eat” around 250 grams of particulate(颗粒) matter a day (nearly 90 kgs a year) and removes about 240 metric tons of CO2 annually. It also cools the surrounding air. Aware that getting the surrounding air in contact with the moss wall is crucial for the CityTree to be effective, the inventors ensure that the location of each installation (安装) is chosen carefully. Spots where pollution is heavy due to traffic and where air flow is limited are picked. The importance of this step is explained by the fact that the waste gas from a car generally goes vertically a few kilometres into the air. But this doesn’t mean moss walls will necessarily protect people from pollution. In the Netherlands, researchers found that eight walls installed in Amsterdam failed to reduce the concentration of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (N02). Their report concluded that even doubling the number of moss walls would do little to improve their effectiveness. The CityTree is not meant for parks or to substitute for street trees but to add greenery to concrete-heavy spaces where planting is not an option. It’s important to remember that street trees provide a whole host of other benefits, , including shelter and habitat for urban wildlife, shade and cooling for people on the street, and reduction of urban heat islands. 11. What do we know about the CityTree? A. It can absorb some air pollutants. B. It can irrigate other street plants. C. It produces electricity to cool water. D. It is aimed at saving water in cities. 12. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of CityTree. B. The function of CityTree. C. How to operate CityTree. D. Where to place CityTree. 13. Why is the example of Amsterdam mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To show that CityTree can’t always work well. B. To prove that CityTree can reduce air pollutants. C. To emphasize the necessity of building moss walls. D. To analyze the reasons for the failure of the program. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards replacing street trees with moss walls? A. Ambiguous. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Cautious. 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要以号称能够减少空气污染的，在大城市如雨后春笋般出现的 CityTree—苔藓墙是 否真的能对付雾霾展开了讨论，分别从其功能，严格选址，以及是否有效发挥作用方面进行了讲述。作者 在文末提出个人观点：苔藓墙并不能够取代公园和街道树木。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容：As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able to “eat” around 250 grams of particulate matter a day (nearly 90 kgs a year) and removes about 240 metric tons of CO2 annually.可知每棵“城市 树”每天可以“吃”大约 250 克的颗粒物（每年近 90 公斤），每年可以消除约 240 吨的二氧化碳。因此它 有吸收一些空气污染物的功能。故选 A 项。 【12 题详解】 主旨大意题。通过阅读可知，该段首句内容为本段中心主旨句，“Aware that getting the surrounding air in contact with the moss wall is crucial for the CityTree to be effective, the inventors ensure that the location of each installation is chosen carefully.( 考虑到让周围的空气与苔藓墙接触对城市树的有效性至关重要，发明者确保 每个装置的位置都是精心选择的。)”可知，本段主要在讲述苔藓墙的安装位置。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据英文文章的写作特点可知，举例内容应是对本段主旨要点的支持或例证，题干中提及举 例内容“Amsterdam”紧跟于本段主旨要点之后，是为了给与主旨句例证。结合主旨内容“But this doesn’t mean moss walls will necessarily protect people from pollution.( 但这并不意味着苔藓墙一定会保护人们免受污染。)” 由此判断出，该例子是为了证明苔藓墙并不一定会发挥作用。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“The CityTree is not meant for parks or to substitute for street trees, but to add greenery to concrete-heavy spaces where planting is not an option.( “城市树”并不是为公园设计的，也不是用来 替代街道上的树，而是为混凝土密集的空间增加绿色植物，在这些空间里不可以种植植物。)”可推知，对 于用苔藓墙取代街道上树这种做法，作者是反对的。故选 B 项。 【点睛】事实细节题 在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分属于事实或细节题，特别是直接理解性题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了 解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外还 有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、 甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。比如文章的第 1 小题： 1. What do we know about the CityTree? A. It can absorb some air pollutants. B. It can irrigate other street plants. C. It produces electricity to cool water. D. It is aimed at saving water in cities. 分析题目内容可知，该题为直接理解性题目，根据题干关键词“CityTree”可利用寻读法定位到文章第二段 内容：As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able to “eat” around 250 grams of particulate matter a day (nearly 90 kgs a year) and removes about 240 metric tons of CO2 annually.可知，该句主要讲述了“CityTree”可以吸收 大约 250 克的颗粒物（每年近 90 公斤），每年可以消除约 240 吨的二氧化碳。选项 A. It can absorb some air pollutants.( 它可以吸收一些空气污染物。)合理陈述了该句中的重要事实。选项 A 为正确答案。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Best Way to Stop Bad Information A lot of misinformation about a disease can sometimes flood the Internet and experts call on the public to practice "information hygiene(卫生)".What can you do to stop the spread of bad information? ___15___Before you forward it on, ask some basic questions about where the information comes from. It's a big red flag if the source is" a friend of a friend" or "my aunt's colleague's neighbor." We recently tracked how a misleading post from someone's "uncle with a master's degree" went viral (病毒式 地传播)．Some of the details in the post were accu rate—some versions, for example, encouraged hand washing to slow the spread of viruses. ___16___That was potentially harmful. Could it be false? Appearances can be misleading. They may possibly pretend to be official accounts and authorities, including some famous news agencies and the government. Screenshots can also be changed to make it look like information has come from a trusted public body.___17___If you can't easily find the information, it might be a trap. And if a post, video or a link looks fishy -it probably is. Don't share if unsure whether it's true. ___18___You might be doing more harm than good. Often we post things into places where we know there are experts like doctors or medical professionals. That might be OK, but make sure you're very clear about your doubts. Think about your preference. Are you sharing something because you know it's true or just because you agree with it? "We're more likely to share posts that support our existing beliefs," says Carl Miller, research director of the Centre of the Analysis of Social Media. It's when you're angrily nodding your head that you are easily taken in.___19___ A. Check your source. B. Consider their opinions carefully. C. Check known and confirmed accounts and websites. D. You can't forward things on "just in case" they might be true. E. But others made unproven claims about how to diagnose the illness. F. So, above all, you just need to slow down everything that you do online. G. Your followers read what you share, after all, but they may disagree with you. 【答案】15. A 16. E 17. C 18. D 19. F 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一些阻止不良、虚假信息传播的方法，要求读者在转发文章时考虑文章的出 处，推敲文章观点的真实度。 【15 题详解】 下文 It's a big red flag if the source is "a friend of a friend" or "my aunt's colleague's neighbour. "(如果来源是“一个 朋友的朋友”或者“我阿姨的同事的邻居”，这就是一个很大的危险信号)与 A. Check your source.(核实你的 来源)承接自然，source 是关键词，故选 A 项。 【16 题详解】 下文 That was potentially harmful.(那是潜在的伤害)与 E. But others made unproven claims about how to diagnose the illness.(但是其他人对如何诊断这种疾病发表了未经证实的声明)承接自然，下文的 that 就指代上文的内容 ，故选 E 项。 【17 题详解】 上文 Screenshots can also be changed to make it look like information has come from a trusted public body.(截屏有 时候可以修改，让它看起来像是来自一个值得相信的公共机构)与 C. Check known and confirmed accounts and websites.(检查已知和确认的账户和网站)承接自然，因为截屏可以修改，所以要检查所有网站来确定信息的 真实性，故选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 上文 Don't share if unsure whether it's true. (如果不确定消息是否真实就不要转发)与 D. You can't forward things on "just in case" they might be true.(你不能因为它们可能是真的就转发)承接自然，不确定真实性的东西不能为 了可能它们是真的就转发，此外 true 是关键词，故选 D 项。 【19 题详解】 上文"We're more likely to share posts that support our existing beliefs," says Carl Miller, research director of the Centre of the Analysis of Social Media. It's when you're angrily nodding your head that you are easily taken in.(社交 媒体分析公司的研究总监卡尔.米勒说：“我们更倾向于分享那些支持我们已有观念的帖子。”当你狂热地 点头时，你很容易上当。)与 F. So, above all, you just need to slow down everything that you do online.(所以，最 重要的是，你上网时应该让一切慢下来)承接自然，只有我们放慢在网上的速度，才不容易上当，故选 F 项。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Music is something I could never live without. As a little kid, singing my heart out and trying out for the school play really made me___20___. There was nothing that could keep me away from my___21___until high school. Every eighth grader who wanted to be in the high school show choir ___22___the audition(试唱) for a program. When it was my___23___to enter the room, I got very___24___----my throat was dry and my heart raced. The audition___25___1L like this, the introduction, the song of choice and the range check—the choir director played a note on the piano which I had to___26___. Before I knew it, the audition was over. I felt nothing but___27___, for the vibrato(颤音) was amazing and I also hit every___28___. Weeks passed and the list of who had made it into the show choir was posted. When I was ____29____the show choir list, I found my name.____30____, this wasn’t what I had expected. “Angelica—alternate(候补者).” An alternate? Was my audition that____31____? I thought to myself. After I saw this, my____32____disappeared. My outside showed I wasn't____33____but on the inside my whole world had broken up. I had no ____34____of taking the show choir at all. A year later, one day I was at a restaurant that held karaoke to the customers. My parents begged me to go up and sing. I said no at first but finally I got enough____35____ to go up. It made me ____36____ at the beginning, but I started off my song and gained more confidence as I continued. When I hit the high notes in “I know I'm not the only one”, the people eating cheered for me. I____37____I hadn't got into one program but that did not mean I had to give up all hope, and that I____38____had that passion. The lesson I learned was if you are ____39____or do not get the outcome you want, and it is something you're in love with, don't give up. 20. A. stressed B. quiet C. confused D. happy 21. A. adventure B. curiosity C. passion D. sympathy 22. A. attended B. held C. passed D. abandoned 23. A. duty B. privilege C. habit D. turn 24. A. calm B. touched C. nervous D. angry 25. A. ended B. went C. occurred D. changed 26. A. match B. take C. learn D. review 27. A. guilt B. relief C. regret D. pain 28. A. note B. target C. post D. wall 29. A. drawing up B. handing in C. taking down D. looking through 30. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Instead 31. A. familiar B. terrible C. impressive D. natural 32. A. patience B. imagination C. independence D. confidence 33. A. sad B. cool C. serious D. grateful 34. A. wisdom B. chance C. intention D. impression 35. A. courage B. knowledge C. luck D. permission 36. A. march B. relax C. sweat D. complain 37. A. doubted B. realized C. promised D. advocated 38. A. just B. yet C. even D. still 39. A. laid off B. turned down C. looked down upon D. made fun of 【答案】20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者很喜欢音乐，直到高中参加一个唱诗班的试唱，作者落选后自信消失了。 一年后，作者再次站上舞台唱歌，才意识到如果你被拒绝了，或者没有得到你想要的结果，而这是你喜欢 的东西，不要放弃。 【20 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小孩，唱出我的心声和尝试为学校演出真的让我高兴。A. stressed 紧 张的；B. quiet 安静的；C. confused 困惑的；D. happy 高兴的，快乐的。结合上文 Music is something I could never live without.可推知作者喜欢音乐，因此能够唱出自己的心声和尝试为学校演出很让作者高兴。故选 D 。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能让我远离我的激情直到高中。A. adventure 冒险；B. curiosity 好奇心； C. passion 激情；D. sympathy 同情。根据最后一段中 had that passion 可知此处指音乐是作者的激情所在。故 选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个想加入高中合唱团的八年级学生都会参加一个节目的试唱。A. attended 出 席；B. held 握住；C. passed 通过；D. abandoned 抛弃。结合后文 the audition for a program 可知是参加一个节 目的试唱。故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我进房间时，我变得非常紧张——嗓子发干，心跳加速。A. duty 义务；B. privilege 特权；C. habit 习惯；D. turn 轮次，变化。作者参加试唱，轮到作者进入房间了，短语 it be one’s turn“轮到某人”。故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮到我进房间时，我变得非常紧张——嗓子发干，心跳加速。A. calm 平静的 ；B. touched 感动的；C. nervous 紧张的；D. angry 愤怒的。结合后文 my throat was dry and my heart raced.可 知作者很紧张。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：试唱是这样进行的：介绍、选歌和音域检查——合唱团指挥在钢琴上弹了一个 音符，我必须配合。A. ended 结束；B. went 进行，离开；C. occurred 发生；D. changed 改变。结合后文 the introduction, the song of choice and the range check 可知是在介绍试唱的流程，表示“试唱是这样进行的”。故 选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：试唱是这样进行的：介绍、选歌和音域检查——合唱团指挥在钢琴上弹了一个 音符，我必须配合。A. match 相配，匹配；B. take 带走；C. learn 学习；D. review 回顾。结合上文 the choir director played a note on the piano which I had to 可知合唱团指挥在钢琴上弹了一个音符，作者必须能配合得上。故选 A。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到无比的放松，因为颤音棒极了，我也敲准了每个音符。A. guilt 内疚；B. relief 放松，减轻；C. regret 遗憾；D. pain 痛苦。结合后文 for the vibrato was amazing 可知作者觉得自己表现得很 好，感到很放松。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到无比的放松，因为颤音棒极了，我也敲准了每个音符。A. note 音符，笔 记；B. target 目标；C. post 帖子；D. wall 墙壁。结合上文 the choir director played a note 可知作者配合上了每 一个音符。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我在浏览唱诗班的名单时，我找到了我的名字。A. drawing up 拟订；B. handing in 递给；C. taking down 记下；D. looking through 浏览。结合后文 the show choir list 可知是指浏览唱诗班名单 。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不是我所期望的。A. Otherwise 否则；B. Therefore 因此；C. However 然而；D. Instead 相反。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用 however。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的试唱有那么糟糕吗？A. familiar 熟悉的；B. terrible 糟糕的；C. impressive 感人的；D. natural 自然的。结合上文可知作者是候补者，因此反思是不是自己的试唱太糟糕了。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看到这些之后，我的信心消失了。A. patience 耐心；B. imagination 想象力； C. independence 独立；D. confidence 自信。结合后文 My outside showed I wasn't sad but on the inside my whole world had broken up.可知作者内心崩溃了，因此信心也消失了。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的外表显示我并不悲伤，但内心我的整个世界都破碎了。A. sad 悲伤的； B. cool 凉爽的；C. serious 严肃的；D. grateful 感激的。结合后文 on the inside my whole world had broken up 可 知作者试唱落选，虽然外表显示出作者并不悲伤，但是内心破碎了。故选 A。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我根本不想参加合唱团演出了。A. wisdom 智慧；B. chance 机会；C. intention 打 算，意图；D. impression 印象。试唱落选让作者备受打击，因此没有再想参加合唱团的打算了。have no intention of“没有……的打算”。故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初我说不，但最后我有了足够的勇气上去。A. courage 勇气；B. knowledge 知 识；C. luck 运气；D. permission 允许。结合上文可知高中时参加唱诗班试唱落选给作者的音乐生涯带来了打 击，作者失去了自信，因此一年后作者需要有足够的勇气才能再次站上舞台唱歌。故选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚开始的时候，这让我汗流浃背，但我还是坚持了下来，并在继续的过程中获 得了更多的自信。A. march 前进；B. relax 放松；C. sweat 出汗；D. complain 抱怨。作者很久没有再舞台上 唱歌，因此刚开始时肯定会紧张流汗。其它选项不符合语境。故选 C。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我没有进入一个项目，但这并不意味着我必须放弃所有的希望，我仍 然有激情。A. doubted 怀疑；B. realized 意识到；C. promised 承诺；D. advocated 提倡。后文 I hadn't got into one program but that did not mean I had to give up all hope 是作者意识到（realized）自己没能进入一个项目，但 并不意味着必须放弃所有的希望。故选 B。 【38 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我没有进入一个项目，但这并不意味着我必须放弃所有的希望，我仍 然有激情。A. just 只是；B. yet 然而；C. even 甚至；D. still 仍然。结合后文 had that passion 可知作者仍然拥 有对音乐的激情。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从中学到的教训是，如果你被拒绝了，或者没有得到你想要的结果，而这是 你喜欢的东西，不要放弃。A. laid off 下岗；B. turned down 拒绝，关小；C. looked down upon 看不起；D. made fun of 开玩笑。结合后文 or do not get the outcome you want 可知此处指被拒绝或没有得到想要的结果。故选 B 。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hidden beneath the ocean waters and often___40___(call) the " rainforests of the sea", coral reefs(珊瑚礁)are some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, with perhaps one-quarter of all ocean species relying on reefs for ___41___ (survive). Being home to countless sea___42___(creature), coral reefs are important ecosystems for coastal people, too. It is estimated___43___ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to world economies annually, ___44___ (provide) food, protection of shorelines, and jobs. Unfortunately, coral species are being ___45___ (severe) threatened, many of which___46___(destroy) by pollution, overfishing practices, and other impacts over the past centuries. Climate change, which results in rising ocean temperatures and ocean acidification(酸化)，___47___ (be) the most pressing threat to coral reefs now. High water temperatures cause corals to lose the algae(海藻) that provide them with food, ___48___ makes the corals appear white or bleaching (白化)and can increase outbreaks of infectious disease. A team of researchers are trying to develop super corals at their research center at the moment. They began by selecting certain coral species that seem to have adapted. to the changing ocean conditions better ____49____others. Hopefully, the super corals will not only survive but thrive in the warmer and increasingly acidic oceans. 【答案】40. called 41. survival 42. creatures 43. that 44. providing 45. severely 46. have been destroyed 47. is 48. which 49. than 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了珊瑚礁对海洋生物和沿海人民的重要性，同时指出珊瑚礁正在受到污染、过 度捕捞等的严重威胁。研究者们正在努力研发一种超级珊瑚来缓解该问题。 【40 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 coral reefs 和 call 之间是被动关系， 应用过去分词，故填 called。 【41 题详解】 考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为介词 for 的宾语，故填 survival。 【42 题详解】 考查名词的数。creature“生物”是可数名词，由上文的 countless 判断用该词的复数形式，故填 creatures。 【43 题详解】 考查主语从句。分析句子可知，此处是主语从句的连接词，从句 coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to world economies annually 的成分和意义都完整，应用连接词 that，故填 that。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 coral reefs 和 provide 之间是主动关 系，应用现在分词，故填 providing。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词 threaten，故填 severely。 【46 题详解】 考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由下文的 over the past centuries 判断为现在 完成时， 从句主语 which 指代先行词 coral species，和 destroy 之间是被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动 语态，主语是复数，故填 have been destroyed。 【47 题详解】 考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，主语 climate change 是第三人称单数，又此处讲述一 般事实，应用一般现在时，故填 is。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是前面的整个句子，它在从句 中充当主语，应用关系代词 which，故填 which。 【49 题详解】 考查介词。根据 better 判断此处填介词 than，better than“比……好”，故填 than。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 50.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉 。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 There was a lively discussion held in my class last Friday. It was main about protecting the fine Chinese culture. Some suggested raising people's aware of preserving our culture and making people fall in love with them. For example, we could conduct creative activity like discovery tours and culture shows to help people have better understanding of our culture. Others think some courses should be offered in schools, which goal was to help students learn more about our customs, ways of life and so on. And in my view, what was mattered was that everyone should feel proud in our own culture. Also, we should attempt to passing our fine culture down from generation to generation. 【答案】1.main→mainly 2.aware→awareness 3.them→it 4.activity→activities 5.have 后加 a 6.think→thought 7.which→whose 8.去掉 was 9.in→of 10.passing→pass 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章简述了一次关于如何保护中国优秀文化的讨论会。 【详解】1.考查副词。main 译为“主要的”词性为形容词。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故将 main 改为 mainly。 2. 考查名词。aware 译为“有意识的，知道的”词性是形容词。但是此处的people’s ，需修饰名词构成所属 关系。故将 aware 改为 awareness。 3.考查代词。them 所指代的是复数名词，但是此处的 them 指代的是前面的 culture 是不可数名词。故将 them 改为 it。 4.考查名词复数。根据下文 like discovery tours and culture shows 可知这里表示“不止一种活动”，activity 译为“活动”是可数名词。此处需要用名词复数。故将 activity 改为 activities。 5.考查冠词。an understanding of 对......的理解，该用法是固定用法，且 better 的首字母发音是辅音，用不定 冠词 a。故在 have 和 better 之间加 a。 6.考查时态。文章讲述的是上周五发生的讨论，描述发生在过去的事情，所以文章整体时态应是一般过去时 。在一般过去时中，使用动词的过去式。故将 think 改为 thought。 7.考查定语从句。通过分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个非限制性定语从句。which 在定语从句中作主语或 者宾语。但此处先行词 school 和从句主语 goal 之间表示所属关系，关系词需作定语。故将 which 改为 whose 。 8.考查语态。主语从句部分充当主语的 what 和动词 matter 之间的关系是主动关系，所以 was 是多余的。故 将 was 去掉。 9.考查固定短语。feel proud of 译为“为……感到自豪”，该短语是固定短语。故将 in 改为 of。 10.考查固定句型。attempt to do sth 译为“尝试去做某事”，该句型是固定句型。故将 passing 改为 pass。 第二节书面表达（满分 25 分） 51.假定你是李华，是校乒乓球社团负责人。你校英国交换生 Peter 打算学习乒乓球，来信询问你们社团暑 期的乒乓球公益培训项目情况。请给他回信，内容包括： 1.培训时间和地点； 2.培训内容，如接(receive)发(serve)球，对抗训练等； 3.报名方式。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, I am glad to know you want to learn table-tennis, and that you will attend the training class offered by our school during this summer vacation. The following is what you are supposed to know. The training class, which is held in our school hall, is free of charge, and will begin on June the first, lasting two weeks, ending on June 14th. We have invited some experienced teachers, and they will teach you how to play table tennis, such as receiving and serving the ball. Of course, some special skills are also included. When you are familiar with it, we will arrange some competitive games for you as practice, which must be very interesting and will improve your skill. The number of the members is limited, so you’d better sign up on our homepage as soon as possible. If you have any problem please contact with me. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, LiHua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给 Peter 写信，向他介绍你所在社团暑期乒乓球培训的相关情况。 【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 要求： 1.培训时间和地点； 2.培训内容，如接(receive)发(serve)球，对抗训练等； 3.报名方式。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） be glad to do sth./ sign up/ be interested in/ be supposed to so sth./ be familiar with/ look forward to/ attend/ take part in 第三步：连词成句 1. I am glad to know you want to learn table-tennis, and that you will attend the training class offered by our school during this summer vacation. 2 The following is what you are supposed to know. 3. The training class, which is held in our school hall, is free of charge, and will begin on June the first, lasting two weeks, ending on June 14th. 4. We have invited some experienced teachers, and they will teach you how to play table tennis, such as receiving and serving the ball. 5. Of course, some special skills are also included. 6.When you are familiar with it, we will arrange some competitive games for you as practice, which must be very interesting and will improve your skill. 7. The number of the members is limited so you’d better sign up on our homepage as soon as possible. 8. If you have any problem please contact with me. 9. Looking forward to your coming. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：The training class, which is held in our school hall, is free of charge, and will begin on June the first, lasting two weeks, ending on June 14th.中 which 引导非限制性定语从句； I am glad to know you want to learn table-tennis, and that you will attend the training class offered by our school during this summer vacation. 中 that 引导宾语从句。 . ,