2020届河北省唐山市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

2020 届高三六月模拟考试(二) 英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题 目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标 号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟 的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Playing basketball. C. Watching a game. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Honey, could you take the garbage out while I am preparing the dinner? M: OK, I’ll do it right after the live basketball game. 2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At the barber’s. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the butcher’s. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: How would you want me to cut it? W: I’d like to try a new hair style. Could you show me some pictures of hair styles? 3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the man come back? A. By air. B. By train. C. By ship. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: We’d like to send you to a ship company in Shanghai on a business trip this weekend. You’ll get on the train tonight at 7 pm. M: The train? Will I be flying back then? W: But we’ve bought the return ticket for you. 4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man complaining about? A. The weather forecast. B. The bad weather. C. The useless umbrella. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I hate carrying that umbrella around. The weatherman said there was a twenty-percent chance of rain. But it didn’t rain a drop. W: Twenty percent means zero percent. M: But last week they said twenty percent and it actually rained all day. 5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Wednesday. C. Tuesday. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: We are going to have a general cleaning after school. W: Oh, but we usually do it every Wednesday, so why don’t we do it tomorrow just as usual? 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 请听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题 中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。 每小题 5 秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What did the man do yesterday? A. He met his friends. B. He bought some vases. C He sent some postcards. 7. Who will the man send postcards to? A. Himself. B. His girlfriend. C. His sister. . 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, do you remember me? I bought some vases from you yesterday. W: Yes, you said you wanted to send them to your girlfriend, right? M: That’s right. I’ve come back to buy some more souvenirs for myself. W: What do you have in mind? M: Well, my sister used to send postcards to herself wherever she went. I want to do that, too. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the two speakers talking about? A. Sophia’s working performance. B. Sophia’s new friends from work. C. Sophia’s relationship with the woman. 9. How is the woman feeling now? A. Ashamed. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】M: You haven’t spent much time with Sophia lately. What’s up? W: We’ve not been that close for a while. M: But you two used to do everything together. I thought you really enjoyed each other’s company. W: We did, but that was before she started her new job, and now all she does is hang out with her new friends from work. M: It can’t be that bad. She was always a really good friend to you. She’s probably just excited about her new job. You should give her some time. W: But I think she shows no interest in our friendship any more I just have to accept the fact that it’s time for us to go our separate ways. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What did the woman want to do at first? A. Visit her mother. B. Refuse a job offer. C. Resign from work. . 11. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Take an absence leave. B. Change her job. C. Hire a care worker. 12. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you have a minute, Mr. Johnson? M: Sure, what would you like to discuss? W: I’ve made a tough decision to resign, sir. M: Well, I have to tell you that I’m quite surprised. Is there any possible way to change your mind? W: I’m afraid not, sir. I’ve made up my mind. It’s something I have to do. M: Can I ask why? Were you unhappy working for us or have you been given a better offer? W: Oh, no. It’s my mother. She’s sick and needs someone to take care of her. I’m the only one who can do it. M: I’m sorry to hear that, but why don’t you just take a leave of absence? We can hold the job for you until your mother gets better. W: Really? M: Sure, I’d be crazy to lose a good worker like you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. On which side of the road should people ride in the man’s country? A. Right. B. Left. C. Either. 14. Why do people in Cambridge like riding bikes? A. Cycling is safe. B. Cycling is fashionable. C. Cycling is convenient. 15. What is a cyclist of 12 required to do in Cambridge? A. Wear a helmet. B. Flash two lights. ‘ C. Pass the traffic test. 16. What may happen to the bikes left casually? A. They’ll be destroyed. B. They’ll be stolen. C. They’ll be locked. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Ellen! Is this your new bike? W: Yes, I bought it yesterday. M: It’s cool! May I have a try? W: Of course. Remember to ride on the left. M: Oh, I think it’ll take me some time to get used to it. You know, in my country, we should drive, ride and walk on the right. W: Well, it could be dangerous if you break the rules. M: OK, I see. By the way, why do so many people travel by bike in Cambridge? W: You see, Cambridge City is small and flat. Besides, the colleges of Cambridge University spread around every corner of the city. Riding a bike between lectures is convenient. M: And it is also environmentally friendly. W: That’s right. Since riding a bike is the most common way, there are a lot of riding regulations. M: For example? W: People under 18 or above 60 should wear a helmet when they ride, and a bike should be equipped with two lights. A little troublesome, but it’s safe. M: I agree. I have noticed that people just leave their bikes casually. W: Yes. That’s why many bikes have been stolen. M: Then you should remember to lock your bike. W: I will. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is Emile Ratelbrant? A. A television host. B. A legal adviser. C. A bank clerk. 18. When was Ratelbrant actually born? A. In 1989. B. In 1969. C. In 1949. 19. Why did Ratelbrant submit such a legal demand to court? A. To draw people’s attention. B. To be free of discrimination. C. To save money for the government. 20. How does Ratelbrant feel about the possible result of his demand? A. Hopeless. B. Confident. C. Uncertain. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】I’m Emile Ratelband, a television host in the city of Arnhem, Holland. Now my age is having a bad effect on both my work and life. So I went to court to get my birth year legally changed from 1949 to 1969 and I self-identified as 20 years younger. The reason why I did so is that I want to avoid age discrimination. When I asked to borrow money from a bank or change my job, I was told it was almost impossible because of my age. I firmly believe that with the freedom of choosing my name, I want to choose my own age. I want to control myself. Besides, the Dutch government could benefit if it were to accept my demand. I would be happy to give up my monthly pension of around $1,370. That would be a savings of $343,000 over 20 years for the government. The city court is expected to give an official decision in about four weeks. And I’m waiting for that, but I’m not quite sure about their approval. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A While there is a slight chance that you touch down on the surface of the moon, there are some places you can visit that are tied to the Apollo 11. The U.S. Space & Rocket Center; Huntsville, Alabama Creating the Saturn V rocket that drove the crew of the Apollo 11 was the responsibility of a team of engineers in Huntsville. At the U.S. Space & Rocket Center, you can explore dozens of interactive exhibits, including “Space Craze “，a look at the public’s strong interest in all things related to space through the pop culture. Meteor Crater, Flagstaff, Arizona Armstrong and his fellow were trained for moon exploration at a variety of places, including Meteor Crater, one of the most perfectly preserved impact craters on the planet. Today the Meteor Crater Visitor Center includes the 4-D ride “Collision Experience” and breathtaking tours around the edge of the crater itself. The Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida Every Apollo mission was started from the Kennedy Space Center, which remains an active launch site. Bus tours visit mission-critical areas of Kennedy Space Center and the Apollo/Saturn V Center, which houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock you can touch. Come during a scheduled launch, and you can purchase a special viewing package getting you a clear view of the launch. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Houston, Texas It’s here that every aspect of the Apollo 11 mission was monitored. Now fully repaired, the control center is open to tour via the official visitor’s center. Space Center Houston. View astronaut training equipment and the largest collection of moon rocks. 21. In which place are you required to tour in a bus? A. The U.S. Space & Rocket Center. B. Meteor Crater. C. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. D. The Kennedy Space Center. 22. What can we learn about Meteor Crater? A. It houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock. B. It is one of the training places for astronauts of Apollo 11. C. It allows one to view the largest collection of moon rocks. D. It provides doze ns of interactive exhibits for visitors to explore. 23. What can you do in Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center? A. Touch a moon rock. B. Enjoy the 4-D ride. C. See astronaut training equipment. D. View a rocket launch. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个与阿波罗 11 号有关的地方。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Bus tours visit mission-critical areas of Kennedy Space Center and the Apollo Saturn V Center, which houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock you can touch.可知乘坐巴士参观肯尼 迪航天中心和阿波罗土星五号中心的关键任务区域，阿波罗土星五号中心内有一枚完整的土星五号火箭和 一块可以触摸到的月球岩石。由此可知，你需要在 The Kennedy Space Center 乘车游览。故选 D。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Armstrong and his fellow were trained for moon exploration at a variety of places, including Meteor Crater, one of the most perfectly preserved impact craters on the planet.可知阿姆斯特朗和他的同 事们曾在不同的地方接受过月球探索训练，其中包括地球上保存最完好的陨石坑之一——Meteor Crater。由 此可知，Meteor Crater 是阿波罗 11 号宇航员的训练场所之一。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 View astronaut training equipment and the largest collection of moon rocks.可知观 看宇航员训练设备和最大的月球岩石收藏。由此可知，你在 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center 能见宇航员训练 设备。故选 C。 B A few weeks ago, I picked up my 14-year-old daughter and her friend from dance class. The two girls chatted happily until I reached her friend’s house. And then 1 began the drive home and my daughter, who had been talking nonstop a minute before, went completely silent. I assumed she was lost in thought. When I came to a stoplight, I looked in the mirror. My daughter wasn’t looking out of the window or staring into space - she was on her phone. I felt my anger rise. “Get off your phone. That is rude. You make me feel like an Uber driver.” I shouted. “But I’m texting friends about biology homework!’’ she said. “That can wait.” I was mad and she was angry. Back home, she disappeared into her room, and I thought about how I was still trying to take control of my daughter’s growing independence, which was fruitless. The next day I was thinking about my outburst when a parenting program on TV caught my eye in which the hosts interviewed Dr. Ken Ginsburg, the author of a famous parenting book. It completely changed my attitude. Ginsburg said. “Why are our teens pushing us away? It’s not because they hate us - it’s because they love us so much and yet they know they have to become independent. So this is a process of figuring out how to push away the things they love the most. It is crazy to fly from a comfortable nest, so teens get ready for it by temporarily pushing their parents away.” I need to honor her independence and create space for both of us to face this monumental developmental challenge as teammates, not adversaries((对手). 24. What made the writer mad? A. She served as an Uber driver. B. The two girls were chatting happily. C. Her daughter was playing with the phone. D. Her daughter forgot her biology homework. 25. What do we know about the daughter? A. She is being under her mother’s control. B. She is on the way to being independent. C. She enjoys making friends using social media. D. She hates making conversation with her mom. 26. Which of the following best describes the mother? A. Open-minded. B. Hardworking. , C. Inspiring. D. weak-willed. 27. What is the passage mainly about? A. I was pushed away by my teenaged daughter. B. Life of a teenager is moving at its own slow pace. C. Parents completely rely on parenting experts to educate children. D. My relationship with my daughter was improved by a suggestion. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 本文为一篇记叙文。文章叙述了几周前，作者去舞蹈班接我 14 岁的女儿和她的朋友。两个女孩开心地聊着 天，直到我到了她朋友家。然后作者开车回家，作者的女儿一分钟前还在不停地说话，这时完全沉默了。 作者以为她陷入了沉思。作者发现她在看手机。作者感到愤怒起来。而作者在一次电视节目中接受了主持 人的建议，作者意识到女儿逐渐长大，逐渐独立。这个节目帮助作者改善了与女儿的关系。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 My daughter wasn’t looking out of the window or staring into space - she was on her phone. I felt my anger rise. 我女儿没有看窗外，也没有盯着太空——她在看手机。我感到愤怒起来。可知，是 作者的女儿在打电话使作者感到生气。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段 Back home, she disappeared into her room, and I thought about how I was still trying to take control of my daughter’s growing independence, which was fruitless. 回到家，她消失在她的房间里，我在想 我是如何仍然试图控制我女儿逐渐独立的，但这是徒劳的。可知，作者的女儿正在走向独立。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 I need to honor her independence and create space for both of us to face this monumental developmental challenge as teammates, not adversaries((对手). 我需要尊重她的独立性，并为我们双 方创造空间，作为队友而不是对手来面对这一巨大的发展挑战。推测母亲是个思想开放的人，能够接受女 儿的日渐独立。故选 A 项。 【27 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段 The next day I was thinking about my outburst when a parenting program on TV caught my eye, in which the hosts interviewed Dr. Ken Ginsburg, the author of a famous parenting book. It completely changed my attitude.第二天，我正想着自己昨晚爆发情绪，突然电视上的 一个育儿节目吸引了我，节目主持人采访了一本著名育儿书籍的作者肯·金斯伯格博士。这完全改变了我 的态度。根据最后一段 I need to honor her independence and create space for both of us to face this monumental developmental challenge as teammates, not adversaries((对手 ). 我需要尊重她的独立性， 并为我们双方创造空间，作为队友而不是对手来面对这一巨大的发展挑战。所以短文主要在叙述一个建议 改善了我和女儿的关系。故选 D 项。 C Over a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝)alive outside of the body for one week. Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients. The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌 注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste. The research team began their experiments with livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transplant machine-treated organs into patients. Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.” 28. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A. Introduce a brand new topic for discussion. B. Provide some latest data about present liver transplants. C. Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants. D. Remind readers concerned of the importance of a healthy liver. 29. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The machine. B. The liver. C. The temperature. D. The tissue. 30. What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine? A. It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants. B. It is aimed to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body. C. It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally. D. It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week. 31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A biology textbook. B. A first aid brochure. C. A social web page. D. A health magazine. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。在四年多的时间里，瑞士研究人员开发出一种机器，可以让人的肝脏在体外存活一周。 文章介绍了这个机器的作用，研究过程和意义。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.目前的技术只能让人类的 肝脏存活 24 小时。据报道，2017 年，美国约有 8000 例肝移植手术在美国，另外还有 360 个活体捐赠者的 肝脏，约有 1.15 万人在等待接受肝脏移植。延长肝脏的存活和功能可以大大提高患者的存活几率。推测作 者在第二段中，想要展示肝脏移植技术改进的紧迫性。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据 the machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. 这台机器将肝脏保持在适当的温度，后文主语为 The machine，谓语为 move，推测宾语与前文相同，也为 liver。所以机器使肝脏保持在合适的温度，并以一种人体自然的方式移 动肝脏。因此 it 指的是“肝脏”。故选B 项。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段 The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste. 这台机器将肝脏保持在适当的温度，并以 人体的方式自然移动肝脏。利用泵像心脏一样向肝脏内注入血液，这台机器还向肝脏提供氧气，控制红细 胞水平，并清除废物。 及第四段 They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. 他们还发现 该系统可以修复受损的肝脏。由此判断出，Liver4Life 机器可以发挥多种功能，保持肝脏正常工作。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。在四年多的时间里，瑞士研究人员开发出一种机器，可以让人的肝脏在体外存活一周。文章 介绍了这个机器的作用，研究过程和意义。推测这篇文章最有可能来自健康杂志。故选 D 项。 D We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The worthless books we simply can’t put down. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the junk food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel guilty? As it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in moderation. According to Robin Nabi, a professor at the University of California, a guilty pleasure is something that we enjoy, but we know we’re either not supposed to like, or that liking it says something negative about us. Studies suggest that guilty pleasures can bring back some psychological resources. Besides, giving ourselves permission to enjoy downtime is also an important part of self-pity, which is an effective way of fighting anxiety and sadness. Perhaps the most important value of a guilty pleasure is the bond it can create between people. If that’s true, why do guilty pleasures get such a bad reputation? Actually, it’s not the indulgences themselves, but the attitudes we take when talking about them. “We have the cultural value of media consumption being instructive, and that what we do should be about growing and achieving,” Dr. Nabi said. “We don’t focus as much on refreshment and enjoyment, and these are such important aspects of being a human being.” Feeling guilty about activities we enjoy can diminish the benefits they offer us. But removing unnecessary embarrassment about our interests can enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to get rid of “guilty pleasure” from our vocabulary. While guilty pleasures benefit us in some cases, they can also push us to indulge in behaviors we feel guilty about. Therefore, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. 32. Which of the following might make us feel guilty pleasure? A. Eating an entire bag of chips in one sitting. B. Telling an old bedtime story. C. Staying up late doing your homework. D. Giving up seats to the elderly. 33. Why do people think poorly of guilty pleasures? A. They take guilty pleasures too seriously. B. They dislike the behaviour of indulgence. C. They ignore the benefits of guilty pleasures. D. They are influenced by their cultural value. 34. What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Reduce. B. Increase. C. Maximize. D. Destroy. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Guilty pleasure? Avoid it B. Guilty pleasure? No Such Thing C. Everything in Moderation D. New Trend in Media Consumption 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“有负罪感的”快乐其实对我们 是有好处的。文章说明了“有负罪感的快乐”的含义，以及影响人们对有负罪感的快乐的因素。 【32 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 According to Robin Nabi, a professor at the University of California, a guilty pleasure is something that we enjoy, but we know we’re either not supposed to like, or that liking it says something negative about us.可知，根据 Robin Nabi，一位加州大学的教授的说法，内疚的快乐是我们喜欢的东西，但 是我们知道我们不应该喜欢它，或者喜欢它会带来一些负面的东西。结合选项可推知，A 选项“一次吃下 一整袋薯片”可能会让我们感到有负罪感的快乐。故选 A。 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的 If that’s true, why do guilty pleasures get such a bad reputation? Actually, it’s not the indulgences themselves, but the attitudes we take when talking about them. “We have the cultural value of media consumption being instructive, and that what we do should be about growing and achieving,” Dr. Nabi said.可知，如 果这是真的，为什么罪恶的快乐会有这么坏的名声呢？实际上，问题不在于放纵本身，而在于我们对待它 的态度。Nabi 博士说：“我们有媒体消费的文化价值是指导性的，我们所做的事情应该是为了成长和成 就。”由此可知，人们会轻视有负罪感的快乐，是因为受到了文化价值的影响。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 词义猜测题。结合后文 the benefits they offer us 可知，人们因为受到文化价值的影响而轻视有负罪感的快乐， 所以此处指的是对我们喜欢的活动感到内疚会减少它们给我们带来的好处。由此可知，划线单词 “diminish”的意思是“减少”。A. Reduce.减少；B. Increase.增加；C. Maximize.最大化；D. Destroy.破坏。 故选 A。 【35 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中 As it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in moderation.可知，事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“内疚”快乐其实对我们是有 好处的。结合文章还说明了“有负罪感的快乐”的含义，以及影响人们对有负罪感的快乐的因素。由此可 知，B 选项 Guilty pleasure? No Such Thing(有负罪感的快乐？没有这样的事情)适合做本文最佳标题。故选 B。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever frequently put off things you should do for various reasons? If so, it is procrastination (拖延). Procrastinators often put off doing things and leave them to the very last moment. ___36___Lazy people simply don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, on the other hand, have the desire to do something but can’t force themselves to start. You might think procrastination is a bit annoying but fairly harmless. However, long term procrastination has bad effects on your health. Not having seen the doctor when your illness was easier to treat may shorten your life. Just thinking about what you haven’t done may cause discomfort. ___37___ Don’t place too much pressure on yourself. “This project has to impress everyone; I really can’t blow this opportunity,” ___38___ Overcome this mental block by simply allowing yourself to be imperfect with the next small task. You can always improve your work later. ___39___ Concentrating on the size and difficulty of a task will overcome you and promote procrastination. Any work can be broken into smaller steps. The trick is - with each step along the way — to focus on the next achievable tasks. Make sure you can easily imagine the outcome of your small task. Don’t write a book; write a page. Focus on starting rather than finishing. For someone who’s having a hard time starting a task, imagining a hard-to-grasp future can be depressing. The solution in this case, then, is to focus on starting. ___40___ We all know that if we start, we’ll eventually finish the task. A. Break a long project down into short tasks. B. So procrastination is about managing the time. C. So we should apply ourselves to overcoming it. D. However, procrastination is different from laziness. E. Focus on the negative effects of the procrastination. F. Bring your focus from the future to what can be done right now. G. Placing such high hopes on a project only adds anxiety and fear of failure. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. G 39. A 40. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要区别了拖延和懒惰，指出长期的拖延症会对你的健康产生不良影响。以及就如 何克服拖延症提出了一些建议。 【36 题详解】 , 根据后文 Lazy people simply don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, on the other hand, have the desire to do something but can’t force themselves to start.可知懒惰 人只是什么都不做，而且很好。另一方面， 拖延者有做某事的欲望，但不能强迫自己开始。由此可知，拖延和懒惰是不同的。故 D 选项“然而，拖延 和懒惰是不同的”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 【37 题详解】 根据上文 However, long term procrastination has bad effects on your health. Not having seen the doctor when your illness was easier to treat may shorten your life. Just thinking about what you haven’t done may cause discomfort.可 知然而，长期的拖延症会对你的健康产生不良影响。在你的病比较容易治疗的时候没有去看医生可能会缩 短你的寿命。仅仅想到你没有做的事情可能会让你感到不适。由此可知，上文提到了长期的拖延症会影响 健康，那么就应该尽力克服拖延症。故 C 选项“所以我们应该致力于克服它”符合上下文语境，故选 C。 【38 题详解】 结合上文 This project has to impress everyone; I really can’t blow this opportunity,可知“这个项目必须给每个人 留下深刻印象;我真的不能错过这个机会。”以及后文Overcome this mental block by simply allowing yourself to be imperfect with the next small task. You can always improve your work later.可知只要允许自己在下一个小任 务上不完美，就可以克服这个心理障碍。你可以在以后改进你的工作。由此可知，过高的期望会增加焦虑 和对失败的恐惧，因此作者后文建议要允许自己有不完美的时候。故 G 选项“对一个项目寄予如此高的期 望只会增加焦虑和对失败的恐惧”符合上下文语境，故选 G。 【39 题详解】 根据后文 Concentrating on the size and difficulty of a task will overcome you and promote procrastination. Any work can be broken into smaller steps. The trick is - with each step along the way - to focus on the next achievable tasks.可知专注于任务的大小和难度会打败你，助长延症症。任何工作都可以分解成更小的步骤。诀窍在于 ——在每一步中——专注于下一个可实现的任务。由此可知，本段是在说明将任务划分成几个小的任务， 再在每一步中专注于下一个可实现的任务，这样才有助于克服拖延症。故 A 选项“把一个长项目分成几个 短任务”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 【40 题详解】 根据上文 For someone who’s having a hard time starting a task, imagining a hard-to-grasp future can be depressing. The solution in this case, then, is to focus on starting.可知对于一个很难开始一项任务的人来说，想象一个难以把 握的未来可能会令人沮丧。那么，在这种情况下，解决方案就是专注于开始。由此可知，本句是在强调不 要去想象未来还未发生的事情，而是要专注于当下可以做的事情上。故 F 选项“把你的注意力从未来转移 到现在可以做的事情上来”符合上下文语境，故选 F。 第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 的 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 The COVID-19 pandemic (疫情)has left many worrying about the future. However, I’ve found ___41___ in my mother’s one simple self-care ritual (仪式)and I have decided not to keep ___42___ in a sort of uncertainty. I was ___43___--by a single mom who had two kids, two jobs and a mile - long ___44___of cleaning, cooking and bill-paying. ___45___ ,she was never seen with a hair out of ___46___. Every morning, she’d head to a ___47___，lift her chin (下巴)up slightly, a gesture of confidence, and put on lipstick (口红) ___48___delivering a forced yet toothy smile. I was too young to ___49___ why. My mother ____50____ her red lips until the very end. In hospital, she asked me to help walk her to the basin to brush her teeth. I stared at her from behind ____51____ she might fall. I was deep in sorrow and uncertainty, tears ____52____ down my face. Then suddenly, from behind, I sensed that ____53____ gesture. Chin up. Confidence. A second later I heard the click of the ____54____ . We don’t know what’s going to happen next. Yet one thing is ____55____ : When the world falls apart, we’ve ____56____ got unbelievable power to choose. I’m not suggesting we ____57____ what’s around us but focus on what we can control to ____58____ getting knocked around by uncertainty. Get up and shut the door on anything ____59____. Just be sure to keep putting that ____60____ on. 41. A. beauty B. knowledge C. strength D. evidence 42. A. drowning B. dreaming C. praying D. working 43. A. praised B. abused C. abandoned D. raised 44. A. roll B. pile C. list D. chain 45. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. However 46. A. sight B. place C. reach D. balance 47. A. mirror B. table C. comer D. wall 48. A. when B. after C. before D. till 49. A. ask B. realize C. doubt D. advise 50. A. wore B. bit C. read D. rounded 51. A. convinced B. relaxed C. surprised D. worried 52. A. streaming B. getting C. pulling D. pointing 53. A. different B. familiar C. proper D. strange 54. A. camera B. door C. lock D. cap 55. A. easy B. delicate C. sure D. necessary 56. A. even B. still C. already D. also 57. A. ignore B. examine C. favor D. hate 58. A. practice B. accept C. avoid D. finish 59. A. challenging B. discouraging C. amusing D. thrilling 60. A. power B. coat C. mask D. lipstick 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要记叙了作者从自己单身妈妈每天在镜子前摆出自信的姿态和涂口红的行为中， 学到了虽然世界上的很多东西让人对未来感到担忧，但我们仍然拥有难以置信的选择能力，我们可以关注 我们可以控制的事物，以避免被不确定性击倒。站起来，把任何令人沮丧的事情都关在门外。 【41 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从母亲的一个简单的自我照顾习惯中找到了力量，我决定不再继续沉 浸在某种不确定之中。A. beauty 美丽；B. knowledge 知识；C. strength 力量；D. evidence 证据。结合上文 The COVID-19 pandemic has left many worrying about the future. However, I’ve found 可知虽然 COVID-19 大流行让 许多人对未来感到担忧。然而作者却在母亲一个简单的自我照顾习惯中找到了力量，however 表示前后的转 折，结合选项 strength 最符合语境。故选 C。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从母亲的一个简单的自我照顾习惯中找到了力量，我决定不再继续沉 浸在某种不确定之中。A. drowning 溺水；B. dreaming 梦想；C. praying 祈祷；D. working 工作。结合后文 in a sort of uncertainty 可知作者决定不再沉浸在某种不确定之中。短语 drown in“沉浸在”。故选A。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是由一个单亲妈妈抚养长大的，她有两个孩子，两份工作，还有一大堆的清 洁工作、做饭和一大串的付账清单。A. praised 称赞；B. abused 虐待；C. abandoned 抛弃；D. raised 抚养。 结合后文 by a single mom 可知作者是由一个单亲妈妈抚养长大的。故选 D。 【44 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我我是由一个单亲妈妈抚养长大的，她有两个孩子，两份工作，还有一大堆的 清洁工作、做饭和一大串的付账清单。A. roll 卷；B. pile 大堆；C. list 清单；D. chain 束缚。结合后文 of cleaning, cooking and bill-paying 可知作者的母亲还有一大堆的清洁工作、做饭和一大串的付账清单。故选 C。 【45 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她从来没有被人看到有一根头发不对劲的地方。A. Otherwise 否则；B. Therefore 因此；C. Besides 而且；D. However 然而。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用 however。故选 D。 【46 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她从来没有被人看到有一根头发不对劲的地方。A. sight 视力；B. place 地 方；C. reach 范围；D. balance 平衡。结合上下文，虽然是单亲妈妈，但是她把一切都处理得很好，她从来 没有被人看到有一根头发不对劲的地方。此处短语 out of place“不合适的”。故选B。 【47 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，她都会走到镜子前，微微抬起下巴，这是自信的姿态，在勉强露出 露齿的微笑之前还会涂上口红。A. mirror 镜子；B. table 桌子；C. comer 来者；D. wall 墙壁。结合后文 put on lipstick 可知妈妈每天早上要走到镜子前涂口红。故选 A。 【48 题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：每天早上，她都会走到镜子前，微微抬起下巴，这是自信的姿态，在勉强露出露齿 的微笑之前还会涂上口红。A. when 当……时候；B. after 在……之后；C. before 在……之前；D. till 直到。 妈妈在露出微笑之前还要在嘴巴上涂上口红。表示“在……之前”应用 before。故选 C。 【49 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当时太年轻，没有意识到为什么。A. ask 询问；B. realize 意识到；C. doubt 怀 疑；D. advise 建议。结合后文 why 可知作者当时还太小，没有意识到母亲这么做的原因是什么。故选 B。 【50 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲一直到最后都保持着她的红唇。A. wore 戴，穿；B. bit 咬；C. read 阅 读；D. rounded 绕行。结合后文 her red lips 可知此处指母亲的嘴巴一直保持红红的状态，应用 wear。其它选 项意思不符合语境。故选 A。 【51 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从后面盯着她，担心她会摔倒。A. convinced 确信；B. relaxed 放松；C. surprised 惊讶；D. worried 担心。结合后文 she might fall 可知作者担心母亲摔倒。故选 D。 【52 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我沉浸在悲伤和不确定之中，泪流满面。A. streaming 流动；B. getting 获得；C. pulling 拉；D. pointing 指向。结合上文 I was deep in sorrow and uncertainty, tears 可知此处指眼泪顺着作者的 面颊留下来。故选 A。 【53 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我从后面感觉到那个熟悉的姿势。A. different 不同的；B. familiar 熟悉 的；C. proper 适当的；D. strange 奇怪的。根据第二段中 lift her chin up slightly, a gesture of confidence 可知这 是母亲惯有的姿势，所以作者感到熟悉。故选 B。 【54 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一秒钟后，我听到口红盖子咔哒一声。A. camera 相机；B. door 门；C. lock 锁； D. cap 盖子。结合第二段中 lift her chin up slightly, a gesture of confidence, and put on lipstick 可知母亲最后会涂 口红，因此作者听到的是口红盖子的咔哒声。故选 D。 【55 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有一件事是肯定的，当世界上的很多东西让人对未来感到担忧，我们仍然 拥有难以置信的选择能力。A. easy 容易的；B. delicate 精致的；C. sure 肯定的，确信的；D. necessary 必要 的。结合上文 We don’t know what’s going to happen next. Yet one thing is 可知虽然我们不知道接下来会发生什 么。但有一点是肯定的（sure），yet 表示转折。故选 C。 【56 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但有一件事是肯定的，当世界上的很多东西让人对未来感到担忧，我们仍然拥 有难以置信的选择能力。A. even 甚至；B. still 仍然；C. already 已经；D. also 而且。结合后文 got unbelievable power to choose 可知作者认为世界上的很多东西让人对未来感到担忧，但是我们仍然（still）拥有选择的能 力。故选 B。 【57 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并不是建议我们忽略我们周围的事物，而是关注我们可以控制的事物，以避 免被不确定性击倒。A. ignore 忽视；B. examine 检查；C. favor 帮助；D. hate 憎恨。结合后文 what’s around us but focus on what we can control to 可知作者在解释自己并不是建议忽略周围的事物，而是去关注可以控制 的事物。故选 A。 【58 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并不是建议我们忽略我们周围的事物，而是关注我们可以控制的事物，以避 免被不确定性击倒。A. practice 练习；B. accept 接受；C. avoid 避免；D. finish 结束。结合后文 getting knocked around by uncertainty 可知关注我们可以控制的事物，是为了避免被不确定性击倒。短语 avoid doing sth.“避 免做某事”。故选 C。 【59 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：站起来，把任何令人沮丧的事情都关在门外。A. challenging 有挑战性的；B. discouraging 令人气馁的；C. amusing 有趣的；D. thrilling 令人兴奋的。根据上文 The COVID-19 pandemic (疫 情)has left many worrying about the future.可知此处指把令人沮丧的事情都关在门外。其他选项不符合语境。 故选 B。 【60 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要记得继续涂口红就可以了。A. power 力量；B. coat 外套；C. mask 面具；D. lipstick 口红。此处呼应第二段中 put on lipstick 母亲涂口红的行为。故选 D。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For those who have never tried it, scuba diving (水肺潜水) has the reputation for being ___61___ extreme sport, but this couldn’t be ___62___(far) from the truth. Scuba diving, with all the deep breathing ___63___goes with it, is almost like underwater yoga (瑜伽). It offers people a chance to forget about trouble and focus on the here and now, thus ___64___(provide) a sense of calmness that is hard to find on land. While scuba diving, you won’t be looking at your phone. Nor will you have to make a mental effort ___65___ (get) away from the real world because physically, you already have! The underwater scenery provides the perfect place to calm your mind with ___66___ (peace) surroundings to admire. Yoga lays stress on the control of breathing in and out, as breathing ___67___ (consider) the fundamental connection ___68___ body and mind. The number one rule of scuba diving is to breathe ___69___ (constant) and never hold your breath. A diver who is relaxed in body, breath, and mind becomes one with the water. It’s the supreme form of ____70____ (relax) when all you can hear is bubbles and the sound of your own breathing. 【答案】61. an 62. further/farther 63. that 64. providing 65. to get 66. peaceful 67. is considered 68. between 69. constantly 70. relaxation 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了水肺潜水运动及水肺潜水运动和瑜伽的相似之处。 【61 题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：水肺潜水被称作是一项极限运动，但这再真实不过了。不定冠词 a/an 修饰可数名词 单数，此空后是可数名词单数 extreme sport，且 extreme 发音是以元音音素开头，应该用 an。故填 an。 【62 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：水肺潜水被称作是一项极限运动，但这再真实不过了。结构 couldn’t+比较级意 为“再······ 不过”，形容词far 的比较级变形为 further/farther。故填 further/farther。 【63 题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，从句“ 3 goes with it”修饰前边的名词“the deep breathing”，因此 是定语从句，“the deep breathing”是先行词，指物，代入从句后可知先行词在从句中做作主语，且先行词 前有 all 修饰，只能选择关系代词 that。故填 that。 【64 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，it 指代“Scuba diving”，句中谓语动词是offers，因此动词 provide 在句中 做非谓语，动词 provide 与主语 it（Scuba diving）之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式 providing。故填 providing。 【65 题详解】 考查固定搭配。固定短语 make an effort to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。故填to get。 【66 题详解】 考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，此空后是名词 surroundings，因此将名词 peace 变成形容词 peaceful。故填 peaceful。 【67 题详解】 考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，主语 breathing 跟谓语动词 consider 之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态： be+动词过去分词；且本句描述为客观事实，因此时态用一般现在时。故填 is considered。 【68 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：瑜伽强调控制呼吸的进出，因为呼吸被认为是身心之间的基本联系。短语 between···and··· 意为“在······ 和······ 之间”，根据句意可知，在身心之间。故填between。 【69 题详解】 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，此处应为副词修饰动词 breathe，故将形容词 constant 变成副词形式 constantly。故填 constantly。 【70 题详解】 考查名词。介词 of 后接名词作宾语，故将动词 relax 变成名词形式 relaxation，且 relaxation 意为“放松”时 是不可数名词。故填 relaxation。 【点睛】担当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词等称为先行词，先行词一般出 现在定语从句之前，有时先行词是整个句子。关系词可以指代先行词，在从句中作成分，因此在从句中不 能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词 that 和 which 都可以指代先行词为物 的名词，在从句中都可以作主语、宾语。但有些情况只能用 that，如：当先行词被 the only，any，every， all，no，few 等词修饰时，用关系代词 that，不能用 which。如本题第三空，先行词 the deep breathing 指物， 在从句中作主语，且被 all 修饰，故只能选 that。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌 写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写岀该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 We were considering making an English magazine, and without hands-on experience we didn’t know how to start it. To get profession instructions, we left for Beijing to visit a chief editor of Beijing Review, the famous English journal. Busy as he was, he showed me around, explaining us the amazing history of the journal and its production process. Beside, he offered us lots of tip, which were practical and valuable. What make us especially happy was that when he promised to give us continuous guidance. Filling with confidence, we are now beginning to handle our magazine. 【答案】1. and → but. 2. profession → professional. 3. the → a. 4. me→ us. 5. explaining 后加 to. 6. Beside → Besides. 7. tip → tips. 8. make → made. 9.去掉 when. 10. Filling → Filled. 【解析】 【分析】 本文是记叙文。讲述了我们想创办一本英文杂志，向北京周刊的一位主编寻求经验的过程。 【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：我们考虑做一本英文杂志，但没有实际经验，我们不知道如何开始。根据句 意可知前后句是转折关系，故 and 改为 but。 2. 考查形容词。修饰名词 instructions 用形容词，此处指专业的指导，故 profession 改为 professional。 3. 考查冠词。此处指 Beijing Review 是一本著名的英语杂志，第一次提到，表示“一个”用不定冠词，famous 发音开头是辅音音素，故 the 改为 a。 4. 考查代词。与上文 we left for Beijing 一致，可知是主编带领我们四处转转，故 me 改为 us。 5. 考查介词。“向某人解释某事”是 explain to sb. sth.或 explain sth.to sb. 故 explaining 后加 to。 6. 考查副词。beside “在……旁边”，此处表示“此外”是besides，故 Beside 改为 Besides。 7. 考查名词复数。tip 表示“建议”是可数名词，此处由 lots of 修饰用复数，故 tip 改为 tips。 8. 考查动词时态。本文讲述过去发生的事，此处与全文时态一致用一般过去时，故 make 改为 made。 9. 考查表语从句的引导词。句意：让我们特别高兴的是，他答应给我们持续的指导。What make us especially happy 是主语从句，was 后是表语从句，表语从句句意完整不缺少时间状语，用 that 引导。故去掉 when。 10. 考查非谓语动词。表示“充满”是 be filled with，此处作状语省去动词 be，故 Filling 改为 Filled。 第二节书面表达(满分 25 分) 72.假定你是李华，你校将要举办风筝节。请给你的英国朋友 Harry 写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括: 1. 活动的时间、地点； 2. 活动内容。 注意: 1. 词数 100 词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行为连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Harry, I’m writing to invite you to celebrate the Kite Festival on our school playground, which will be a feast for your eyes. The festival lasts two days, from April 11 to 12, during which time a wide variety of kites will be on display. Besides, some kite experts will make kites on the spot, so you can get hands-on experience and know about the theory of kite flying. The most exciting moment should be when you are flying kites. Seeing the flying kites in the sky will relax your eyes and clear your mind. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请朋友 Harry 参加学校的风筝节。 【详解】第一步：明确要求。本篇书面表达要求考生写一封邮件邀请朋友 Harry 参加学校的风筝节。题目要 求写作内容应包括以下两条要点：1. 活动的时间、地点；2. 活动内容。因此，可将写作分成三段。第一段： 说明写信目的。第二段：介绍风筝节的时间、地点及活动内容。第三段：写信常规结尾，盼望回信。 第二步：列关键词。如：Kite Festival，be a feast for your eyes，from···to ，on display，on the spot，relax your eyes and clear your mind，Looking forward to 等。 第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。 第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，如：Besides，However, Finally。书 写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】此范文表达流畅，语言优美，内容全面，符合题目要求。其中值得学习的句型有：非限制性定语 从句。I’m writing to invite you to celebrate the Kite Festival on our school playground, which will be a feast for your eyes. 动名词短语作主语。Seeing the flying kites in the sky will relax your eyes and clear your mind.