宁夏2020届高三英语第三次模拟试题（解析版）

2020 届高三第三次模拟考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共 5 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来 回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt ? A. ＄19.15. B. ＄9.18. C. ＄9.15. 答案是 C. 1. What will the man help the woman do? A. Do the shopping. B. Do the washing. C. Cook the meal. 2. When will the man plan to finish his work? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:30. 3. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Teach her writing. B. Enter a competition. C. Look through her article. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the office. B. In the supermarket. C. In the woman's house. 5. How does the man suggest traveling around the island? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的 A,B,C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. What will the speakers buy? A. Some beer. B. A bottle of red wine. C.A bottle of champagne. 7. What will the speakers do next? A. Attend a party. B. Prepare for a party. C. Invite Nancy to the party. 请听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What does the man like most about the film? A. The plot. B. The characters. C. The camerawork. 9. How did the woman probably feel when watching the film? A. Bored. B. Excited. C. Touched. 请听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Why does the man come to America? A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel. 11. Where are the speakers probably? A. In San Francisco. B. In Los Angeles. C. In San Diego. 12. What is BART? A. A new club. B. An outdoor café. C. A subway system. 请听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. At what age did the woman first win a prize? A.12. B. 14. C.17. 14. What does the woman’s father do? A. A writer. B. An engineer. C. A teacher. 15. What does the woman want to study at university? A. Art. B. Psychology. C. Literature. 16. What is the best thing the woman got from the award? A. A new camera. B. The prize money. C. Some valuable advice. 请听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What did the fashion show raise money to buy for the library?A. Some books. B. Some lights. C. Some computers. 18. How did the speaker gain useful information about fashion? A. From the teachers. B. From the magazines. C. From the websites. 19. What did the audience need to wear at the beginning of the show? A. Hats. B. Jackets. C. Sunglasses. 20. What is included in the ticket price? A. Soft drinks. B. Food. C. Programs. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分 ） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 1. TrueCar.com Top dealers compete for your business by offering lower prices. TrueCar spends a lot of money and resources on making sure the entire car renting experience is simple and straightforward. If you’re in the market for a new car, give this site a try first. TrueCar’s network checks many of the prices in your area and gets you the best price for the car you’re looking for. 2. Carvoy.com It offers more control by allowing you to “build your car” and select your rental plan. The “build your car” option is one of the better options for those looking to add on features to their car. If you’re looking for cars with options like a sunroof or navigation (导航), it’s Carvoy that makes it very easy to get started with the process. 3. CarsDirect.com They have a large collection of new and used cars, and also provide resources for car comparisons. In the business for many years, they are one of the first online car outlets. They have a staff that can usually help you if you give them a call. Their phone support is very good and they are mostly located in the United States. 4. CarRent.com It delivers your rental car to the door, which is actually a huge selling point. Many people don’t like to go to a dealership or even drive somewhere to pick up a car. Imagine renting a car and having it delivered right to your doorstep, no driving necessary! 5. CostcoAuto.com It offers member-only savings, many car selections and an easy sign-up process. The deals through Costco are great and unique. Many times they have deals with General Motors cars like Chevrolet. There are a lot of deals to be done, but the one thing that Costco does not do is negotiate the price. 1. What’s the selling point of TrueCar.com? A. Its most reasonable prices for cars. B. The diversity of its used cars. C. Its delivery service to your door. D. The special offers to its members. 2. What is the special service that Carvoycom provides? A. You can have other functions added to your car. B. You can rent a car more easily than elsewhere. C. You can design the whole car by yourself. D. You can have better operation over your car. 3. If you are a good bargainer, it’s wise to avoid dealing with _______. A. CarsDirect.com B. Carvoy.com C. CarRent.com D. CostcoAuto.com 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 【解析】 本文属于应用文，介绍五个汽车网站 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 TrueCar’s network checks many of the prices in your area and gets you the best price for the car you’re looking for.可知，该网站检查了客户所在地区多家汽车店的价格， 为你寻找的车提供最好的价格，可知，该网站提供合理的汽车价格，故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据所在部分 The “build your car” option is one of the better options for those 。looking to add on features to their car.可知，该服务可以为车辆增加一些功能，故选 A。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 There are a lot of deals to be done, but the one thing that Costco does not do is negotiate the price.可知，Costco 不会讨价还价，故不适用于那些善于砍价的人，故选 D。 B Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been while she’s on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life. To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag(地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture. Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg. “I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board,” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother didn’t like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.” Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback(反馈), “My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do,” she said. “I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway, I’ve been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life.” Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art. 4. What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way? A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe. B. She suffers little from her leg’s amputation.C. she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing. D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online. 5. What does the word “which” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. the continent B. the pictures C. the leg D. the location 6. Gallapher can best be described as ________. A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible 7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Never Too Late to share B. A Special Artificial Leg C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holidays 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了截肢后的 Gallagher 在社交媒体上分享旅行时的照片（拍照之前把 地点写在假肢上）向人们传递她把自己的不幸当作另一种形式的幸事，她的故事告诉我们： 永远不要让任何事情阻挡你的梦想，如果生活给了你一条假肢，用它创作艺术吧！ 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on， she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life．"可知，虽然截肢早期给 Gallapher 带来了挫折，但她现在认为这是对她最好的生活的激励，也就是她想向人们传递她 把自己的不幸当作另一种形式的幸事，故 C 项正确。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent，"可知，她 现在正在欧洲各地拍摄照片，在照片中，她骑着自行车穿过阿姆斯特丹运河，分析句子结构 可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，关系代词 which 指代的就是先行词 pictures，故 B 项正确。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知， Gallagher 在社交媒体上分享旅行时的照片（拍照之前把地 点写在假肢上）向人们传递她把自己的不幸当作另一种形式的幸事，可见她很有创造性，虽 然截肢了，她像其他人一样过着美好的生活。可见她很有决心，故 C 项正确。 【7 题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的"Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams． And if life gives you an artificial leg， make art．"可知，Gallagher 的故事告 诉我们：永远不要让任何事情阻挡你的梦想，如果生活给了你一条假肢，用它创作艺术吧， 故 B 项（特殊的假肢）正确。 C Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans. “As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said. Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards（果园）in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s. “We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.” Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up. 8. How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair? A. By breaking animals’ habits.B. By increasing animals’ varieties. C. By promoting animals’ breeding. D. By changing animals’ living environment. 9. What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3? A. Explaining the influence of Nipah virus. B. Proving the harm of bats to human beings. C. Showing the effects of climate change on disease. D. Presenting scientists’ early study about the cause of disease. 10. What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4? A. Humans should give up studying animals. B. Past data can solve the problems in the future. C. Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out. D. Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks. 11. What could be the best title for the text? A. Climate Change and Disease Spillover B. Animals’ Interaction with Humans C. Scientists’ Prediction for Disease Outbreaks D. Early Studies about Extreme Weather 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 本文为议论文。本文聚焦气候变化给人类带来的影响，尤其会引起因人畜接触而产生的疾病 的集中暴发。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后 Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said. 费尔认为，通过改变 动物栖息地，气候变化也将使疾病蔓延的机会更加频繁。:“随着气候变化造成环境变化，一切 都在发生变化，并将向未来发展。”可以得知，天气变化导致的动物生存环境的变化，从而影 导致疾病的蔓延。故选 D。 【9 题详解】推 理 判 断 题 。 第 三 段 中 的 “…drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards （ 果 园 ） in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s”干旱 和森林砍伐一起迫使蝙蝠离开雨林进入马来西亚的果园寻找食物。这些蝙蝠是一种常见的疾 病的宿主，然后在 20 世纪 90 年代末首次通过猪将尼帕病毒传给人类。可知，文中举蝙蝠的 例子就是为了更好的表明气候变化对疾病产生的影响， 故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。第四段 Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward. ” 任何时候，只 要你增加野生动物与人类的接触，那就是一种新出现的疾病热点。由此可推断出其主要用意 是指过多的接触野生动物将会引起疾病暴发。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文的主旨句在第一段“he more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to human” 我们与野生动物接触越多，就越有可能 面临染上从动物“溢出”的疾病。接着下文用研究数据以及蝙蝠和蚊子为例来说明气候变化 导致环境变化，迫使有些动物离开生存的环境，最终把疾病传染给人类。由此可知，天气的 变化与疾病的关系。可知 A 符合题意，B 选项范围太大，C、D 选项太片面。故选 A。 D New App Helps People Remember Faces Large gatherings such as weddings and conferences can be socially overwhelming. Pressure to learn people’s names only adds to the stress. A new facial-recognition app could come to the rescue, but privacy experts recommend proceeding with caution. The app, called SocialRecall, connects names with faces via smartphone cameras and facial recognition, potentially avoiding the need for formal introductions. “It breaks down these social barriers we all have when meeting somebody,” says Barry Sandrew, who created the app and tested it at an event attended by about 1,000 people.After receiving an invitation to download SocialRecall from an event organizer, the user is asked to take two selfies and sign in via social media. At the event, the app is active within a previously defined geographical area. When a user points his or her phone camera at an attendee’s face, the app identifies the individual, displays the person’s name, and links to his or her social media profile. To protect privacy, it recognizes only those who have agreed to participate. And the app's creators say it automatically deletes users’ data after an event. Ann Cavoukian, a privacy expert who runs the Privacy by Design Center of Excellence praises the app’s creators for these protective measures. She cautions, however, that when people choose to share their personal information with the app, they should know that “there may be unintended consequences down the road with that information being used in another context that might come back to bite you.” The start-up has also developed a version of the app for individuals who suffer from prosopagnosia, or “face blindness,” a condition that prevents people from recognizing individuals they have met. To use this app, a person first acquires an image of someone’s face, from either the smartphone’s camera or a photograph, and then tags it with a name. When the camera spots that same face in real life, the previously entered information is displayed. The collected data are stored only on a user’s phone, according to the team behind the app. 12. SocialRecall is used to ________. A. take photos B. identify people C. organize events D. make friends 13. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A. how the app works B. how the app was created C. what makes the app popular D. what people can do with the app 14. SocialRecall helps people with prosopagnosia by ________. A. giving names to the photos kept in their smartphones B. collecting information previously entered in the phone C. providing the information of a person when they first meet D. showing the person’s information when it spots a stored face15 What can we learn about SocialRecall from the passage? A. It may put people’s privacy at risk. B. It has caused unintended consequences. C. It can prevent some communication disorders. D. It is praised by users for its protective measures. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍一款新的应用程序帮助人们识别面孔，但也有可 能泄露隐私。 【12 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 二 段 The app, called SocialRecall, connects names with faces via smartphone cameras and facial recognition, potentially avoiding the need for formal introductions.可 知，这款名为 SocialRecall 的应用软件可以通过智能手机摄像头和面部识别功能将名字和人脸 联系起来，从而避免了正式介绍的必要，从而可以推断出，是用来识别人。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 段落大意题。根据文章第三段本主要讲述在收到活动组织者发出邀请后，用户需要自拍两张 照片并通过社交媒体登录，在活动中，该应用程序在之前定义的地理区域内处于活动状态。 当用户将他或她的手机摄像头对准出席者的脸时，该应用程序就会识别这个人，显示这个人 的名字，并链接到他或她的社交媒体个人资料，故本段主要介绍 SocialRecall 这款应用软件工 作原理。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 To use this app, a person first acquires an image of someone’s face, from either the smartphone’s camera or a photograph, and then tags it with a name. When the camera spots that same face in real life, the previously entered information is displayed. The collected data are stored only on a user’s phone, according to the team behind the app.可知，用户使用智能手 机的摄像头或照片中获取某人的面部图像，然后给它加上一个名字。当摄像机在现实生活中 发现相同的人脸时，就会显示之前输入的信息，从而帮助脸盲症患者识别此人的信息。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段 She cautions, however, that when people choose to share their personal information with the app, they should know that “there may be unintended consequences down the road with that information being used in another context that might come back to bite you.” 可知，当人们选择将自己的个人信息分享给应用程序时，他们应该知道，在未来可能会出现 意想不到的后果，从而可以推断出 SocialRecall 这款应用程序可能会危及人们的隐私。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Studies show that people who are happy — truly happy— have deep connections with those around them. ____16____ They actively try hard to improve these relationships and build quality relationships with others. Those connections and relationships that we build and that we attempt to develop, create experiences in our lives. Some experiences will be poor, but it is possible for us to create meaningful experiences — experiences that allow us to just be. Studies show that when we create meaningful experiences, we allow ourselves time to relax, to build connections, and to become our best selves ____17____ If we want to create meaningful experiences, we need to learn how to create these moments in our lives. Instead of taking many classes and workshops to teach us how to build connections with others, we should experience beSHOPs, which means we learn by being, by observing, and by becoming. ____18____ It helps define us and motivates us to do good, to step outside of our comfort zone, and to be better. A few of these values that we need to create meaningful experiences include: ● Compassion (同情): Compassion has been thoroughly studied and proven to be a natural human response. ____19____ When you are compassionate, you don't have to think twice about helping others. ● Gratitude: Showing sincere appreciation to others helps establish strong feelings of gratitude, and build strong connections. You should express appreciation for all the things in your life and make gratefulness just a part of who you are. ● Willingness to learn: ____20____ Many individuals will find themselves stuck in their own world and never take a step outside of their comfort zones. When we have that desire to learn, to explore, and our curiosity is continually peaked, then we are more likely to have these meaningful experiences. Remember, true happiness, and meaningful experiences are not things you can learn from a series of worksheets and lectures. It is about being. A. There is so much in the world around us. B. “To be” requires key values that shape us. C. It means service, kindness and love for others. D. Within the communities, you can work on developing these values. E. Working with others will help you experience many aspects of life. F. Creating these experiences is a vital step in the process to achieve full happiness. G. They value their relationships with family, friends, colleagues and even strangers. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。研究表明，快乐的人——真正快乐的人——与周围的人有很深的联系。他 们重视与家人、朋友、同事甚至陌生人的关系。而创造有意义的经历是实现充分幸福的重要 一步，如果我们想要创造有意义的经历，我们需要学习如何在我们的生活中创造这些时刻。 文章说明了创造有意义的体验所需的一些价值观。 【16 题详解】 根据后文 They actively try hard to improve these relationships and build quality relationships with others.可知，他们积极努力改善这些关系，并与他人建立良好的关系。由此可知，本句是在说 明快乐的人重视家人、朋友、同事甚至陌生人的关系。其中后文 these relationships 对应到 G 选项中 their relationships with。和故 G 选项“他们重视与家人、朋友、同事甚至陌生人的关系” 符合上下文语境，故选 G。 【17 题详解】 根据上文 Studies show that when we create meaningful experiences, we allow ourselves time to relax, to build connections, and to become our best selves.可知，研究表明，当我们创造有意义的经 历时，我们给自己时间放松，建立联系，成为最好的自己。由此可知，本句为承接上文，继 续说明创造有意义的经历的重要性：创造这些经历是获得完全幸福的重要一步。故 F 选项“创 造这些经历是获得完全幸福的重要一步”符合上下文语境，故选 F。 【18 题详解】根据后文 It helps define us and motivates us to do good, to step outside of our comfort zone, and to be better.可知，它帮助定义我们，激励我们行善，走出舒适区，变得更好。由此可知，本句承接 上文说明要成为“SHOPs”的需求是塑造关键价值观，其中后文代词 It 指代 B 选项中的“To be”。故B 选项：“想要成为”需要塑造我们的关键价值观。符合上下文语境，故选 B。 【19 题详解】 根据后文 When you are compassionate, you don't have to think twice about helping others.可知，当 你富有同情心的时候，你不必为帮助别人而三思。由此可知，本句应当为说明富有同情心意 味着对他人善良，提供帮助和服务。故 C 选项“它意味着服务、善良和对他人的爱”符合上 下文语境，故选 C。 【20 题详解】 根据后文 Many individuals will find themselves stuck in their own world and never take a step outside of their comfort zones.可知，许多人会发现自己被困在自己的世界里，从未走出自己的 舒适区。由此可知，本句启示后文说明我们周围的世界里有太多东西，导致我们被困在自己 的世界里。后文 world 与 A 选项 in the world 相对应。故 A 选项“在我们周围的世界里有太多 的东西”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词 和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名 词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。如第一小题，根据后文 They actively try hard to improve these relationships and build quality relationships with others.可知，他们积极努力改善这 些关系，并与他人建立良好的关系。由此可知，本句是在说明快乐的人重视家人、朋友、同 事甚至陌生人的关系。其中后文 these relationships 对应到 G 选项中 their relationships with。和 故 G 选项“他们重视与家人、朋友、同事甚至陌生人的关系”符合上下文语境，故选 G。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) When I was a kid, my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire. At the camp we did tons of great things like swimming, sports and archery (射箭), but for me, the most memorable ___21___ was an overnight trip of mountain climbing. If you’ve ever ___22___ a mountain, you know it’s a physical challenge, ___23___when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back. When campers got ___24___, they certainly started complaining. “How much farther is it?”“I can’t go any further.” “My ___25___ is too heavy. Can you carry it for me?” The reply of the ___26___was, “Suck it up (不要再抱怨了).” The truth is that the complaining campers were ___27___ near the point of ___28___. If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the ___29___ and given them care. The kids simply weren’t used to the physical challenge. Once they realized they weren’t getting any sympathy they ____30____ the discomfort, and in most cases ____31____ having a great time. In my camp days, I don’t ____32____ a single camper complaining at the ____33____ of the mountain. There are two ways to deal with an ____34____ situation. You can complain, or you can make the best of it. If you complain, you might feel like you’re getting that ____35____ energy out, but you are probably not going to cause a positive change. It’s much more likely that your complaining will cause the ____36____ of those around you. No one likes a complainer. They’re ____37____ and they hurt the group. Complaining makes life ____38____ for everyone. Instead, if you determine to master your own ____39____, to move past it and focus on a ____40____, it’s my experience that you’ll realize it wasn’t bad in the first place. 21. A. experience B. behaviour C. occasion D. situation 22. A. seen B. reached C. climbed D. described 23. A. especially B. normally C. obviously D. naturally 24 A. ashamed B. tired C. puzzled D. shocked 25. A. food B. water C. shelter D. backpack 26. A. parents B. teachers C. guides D. partners 27. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere 28. A. camp B. exhaustion C. mountain D. destination 29. A. signs B. activities C. gestures D. scenes 30. A. shared B. understood C. suffered D. overcame 31. A. couldn’t help B. ended up C. insisted on D. gave up 32. A. recall B. forget C. disturb D. forgive 33. A. foot B. top C. back D. base 34. A. unbelievable B. unexpected C. unusual D. unpleasant35. A. great B. spare C. negative D. potential 36. A. dislike B. respect C. sympathy D. enthusiasm 37. A. amazing B. shocking C. worrying D. annoying 38. A. poorer B. harder C. easier D. better 39. A. life B. mind C. suffering D. mistake 40. A. trip B. plan C. solution D. dream 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. C 【解析】 本文为一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章记叙了我小时候参加的一个夏令营的难忘经历和感悟。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在夏令营里，我们做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭， 但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山。A. experience 经历；B. behaviour 行为；C. occasion 场合；D. situation 情况。结合语境可知，夏令营中令我最难忘的是夜间登山的经历。 故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你爬过山，你就会知道这是一种身体上的挑战，尤其是当你 背着食物和帐篷的时候。A. seen 看见；B. reached 够到；C. climbed 爬；D. described 描述。结 合前文 At the camp we did tons of great things like swimming, sports and archery (射箭), but for me, the most memorable ___1___ was an overnight trip of mountain climbing.在夏令营里，我们做了很 多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭，但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山。可 知，此处作者的假设是如果你也爬过山。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你爬过山，你就会知道这是一种身体上的挑战，特别是当你 背着食物和帐篷的时候。A. especially 特别地；B. normally 通常地；C. obviously 显然地；D. naturally 自然地。结合前文 you know it’s a physical challenge 爬山是身体上的挑战，特别是背着 食物和帐篷时。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当营员们累了的时候，他们开始抱怨了。A. ashamed 羞愧的； B. tired 疲倦的；C. puzzled 困惑的；D. shocked 震惊的。结合后文 they certainly started complaining. 他们开始抱怨了，推测是因为太累了才开始抱怨。故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的背包太重了。A. food 食物；B. water 水；C. shelter 住所；D. backpack 背包。结合前文 when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back.可知，孩子们的 背包很重，背了食物和帐篷。故选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们的答复是“不要再抱怨了”。A. parents 父母；B. teachers 老 师；C. guides 导游；D. partners 合作伙伴。结合后文 If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the ___9___ and given them care.如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀。 可知，带我们夜间爬山的是老师，因此此处也是老师给孩子的答复。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，抱怨的营员们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。A. somewhere 哪 里；B. anywhere 任何地方；C. nowhere 无处；D. everywhere 到处。结合后文 If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the ___9___ and given them care.可知，如果孩子们真的筋疲力尽，老 师们会注意到并且给予他们关怀，而事实是孩子们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。故选 C 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，抱怨的营员们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。A. camp 营地； B. exhaustion 精疲力尽；C. mountain 山；D. destination 目的地。结合前文 When campers got tired, they certainly started complaining.孩子们虽然累了，但是远未到筋疲力尽的地步。故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀。A. signs 迹象；B. activities 活动；C. gestures 手势；D. scenes 场景。结合后文 and given them care.可知， 老师给予他们关怀是因为老师注意到了他们筋疲力尽的迹象。故选 A 项。 30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们意识到自己没得到了同情，他们就克服了不适，在大多 数情况下，最后会有一段好的体验。A. shared 分享；B. understood 理解；C. suffered 痛苦；D. overcame 战胜。结合后文 In my camp days, I don’t ___12___ a single camper complaining at the 【___13___ of the mountain.大家都到了山顶上，并且没有一个人抱怨。可知，一旦没有得到同情， 他们就自己克服了不适感，并且最后都到了山顶上。故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦他们意识到自己没得到了同情，他们就克服了不适，在大多 数情况下，最后会有一段好的体验。A. couldn’t help 忍不住做；B. ended up 最后；C. insisted on 坚持；D. gave up 放弃。结合前文 they overcame the discomfort 可知，他们克服了不适，最后一 定会有一段美好的体验。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我露营的日子里，我不记得有任何一个营员在山顶抱怨。A. recall 回忆；B. forget 忘记；C. disturb 打扰；D. forgive 原谅。结合语境，我不记得有任何一个人在 山顶上抱怨。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我露营的日子里，我不记得有任何一个营员在山顶抱怨。A. foot 脚；B. top 顶；C. back 背；D. base 基底。结合语境可知，最后所有人到了山顶上。故选 B 项。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有两种方法可以处理不愉快的情况。A. unbelievable 难以置信的； B. unexpected 出乎意料的；C. unusual 不同寻常的；D. unpleasant 令人不愉快的。结合前文的 爬山经历可知，两种方法解决的是令人不愉快的情况。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你抱怨的话，你可能会觉得你正在释放消极的能量，但你 可能不会引起积极的变化。A. great 好的；B. spare 空闲的；C. negative 消极的；D. potential 潜 在的。结合后文 but you are probably not going to cause a positive change.但你可能不会引起积极 的变化。根据连词 but 可知，前后有转折含义，因此前文应该是如果抱怨的话，很可能会释放 消极的能量。故选 C 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的抱怨很有可能引起周围人的反感。A. dislike 厌恶，反感；B. respect 尊敬；C. sympathy 同情；D. enthusiasm 热情。结合后文 No one likes a complainer.没有 人喜欢抱怨者。可知，如果老是抱怨可能引起周围人的反感。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很烦人，并且伤害了整个组织。A. amazing 令人惊讶的；B. shocking 震惊的；C. worrying 担心的；D. annoying 烦人的。结合前文 No one likes a complainer.没有人喜欢抱怨者。可知，因为他们很烦人。故选 D 项。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抱怨使每个人的生活都更艰难。A. poorer 更穷的；B. harder 更难 的；C. easier 更容易的；D. better 更好的。结合语境可知，抱怨会使得生活变得更加艰难。故 选 B 项。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果你决定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力转移到解决方案上， 我的经验是，你会意识到它一开始就不坏。A. life 生活；B. mind 思想；C. suffering 痛苦；D. mistake 错误。结合前文 There are two ways to deal with an ___14___ situation.处理的是令人不愉 快的情况，是使人感到痛苦的。故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果你决定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力转移到解决方案上， 我的经验是，你会意识到它一开始就不坏。A. trip 旅行；B. plan 计划；C. solution 解决方案； D. dream 梦想。结合全文，作者告诉我们面对困难不要抱怨，而是要努力寻找解决方案来解决 眼前的困难。故选 C 项。 第二节：（共 10 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Decoding respirator cultures As the global pandemic speeds up, many are wondering about the ___41___(effective) of masks and when it's appropriate to wear them. Most people from the East believe that ___42___(wear)a mask is essential to control the spread of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). But people in the West generally would argue that, unless one is already ill, wearing a mask is simply ___43___(necessary). In Eastern countries like China, mask-wearing is engrained in their cultures. In fact, people in the East wear masks not just to protect ___44___(they) from illness but also for a variety of other reasons. In many Asian countries, masks are worn in many scenarios in daily life, such as doing housework ___45___ visiting patients in the hospital. They can give people the comfort of being protected. In recent years, they are worn simply for cosmetic reasons. Young people in Japan, for example, wear masks as a fashion statement, expressing their personal style through unique designs and patterns. In Asia, wearing a face mask is also ___46___ outward expression of group-oriented values. ___47___one’s face partially covered, one becomes part of a giant collectivist whole. ''People communicated their responsibilities to the social group of ___48___they were members, '' wrote Peter Baehr, a research professor in social theory at Lingnan University, Hong Kong. ''By disguising an individual’s face, it gave greater salience to collective identity. '' In Western countries, however, individual values are the most important. As a citizen, it is one's duty to prevent the spread of illness by following proper hygienic procedures, such as washing one's hands and limiting one's contact with others. A face mask___49___ (reserve)only for those showing symptoms of illness. Whether from the East or the West, social culture and peer pressure have played an important role in one's decision about whether or not to wear a mask. That's because human beings are social creatures who take into consideration what other members of society think of us. The most important thing is to respect others' opinions, no matter how ____50____(differ) they are. 【答案】41. effectiveness 42. wearing 43. unnecessary 44. themselves 45. or 46. an 47. With 48. which 49. is reserved 50. different 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。随着全球流行病的加速，东方人与西方人在“戴口罩对控制新型冠状肺炎 的传播有效”这一方面的观点截然不同，这与不同的社会文化和价值观有关。但是否戴口罩 应该尊重他人，考虑社会成员对我们的看法，毕竟人类是社会群居动物。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词作为介词 about 的宾语，故填 effectiveness。 【42 题详解】考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处应用 wear 的动名词形式作为宾语从句的主语，故填 wearing。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但是，西方人普遍认为，除非一个人已经生病了，否则戴口罩是根本没 必要的。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用形容词 unnecessary“没有必要的”符合语境，故 填 unnecessary。 【44 题详解】 考查代词。句意：事实上，东方人戴口罩不仅仅是为了预防他们自己不生病，还因为其它各 种原因。根据句意可知此处用“他们自己”作宾语，故填 themselves。 【45 题详解】 考查并列连词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“例如，做家务活或者去医院看望病人”，上下文 是并列关系，用“或者”符合语境，故填 or。 【46 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在亚洲，戴口罩也是一种对集体主义价值观的外在表现。根据句意可知， 此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又 outward 是元音音素开头，故填 an。 【47 题详解】 考查介词。根据句子可知，此处考查 with 的复合结构，即用 with + n + doing/ done/ to do 作状 语，with one's face partially covered“脸有一部分被遮住”，故填With。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词 social group 在从句中充当宾 语，且位于介词之后，应用关系代词 which，故填 which。 【49 题详解】 考查时态和语态。此处讲述一般事实应用一般现在时，主语 a face mask 和 reserve 之间是被动 关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填 is reserved。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作为表语，no matter how different they are“无论 他们有多么不同”，故填different。 【点睛】第 7 小题考查 with 的复合结构 with 的复合结构通常有 6 种形式，即 with + n. + adj./ adv./ prep 短语/ doing/ to do/ done。该结构 在句中作状语，adj./ adv./ prep 短语/ doing/ to do/ done 是宾语补足语例如： 1. With a girl leading us, we finally found the village.在一个女孩的带领下，我们最终找到 了这个村子。 2. With all the work finished, I can go out.因为所有工作都做完了，我可以出去。 3. With a big family to support, he has to work around the clock.因为有一大家人要养活，他 不得不夜以继日地工作。 4. He likes reading with windows open.他喜欢开着窗阅读。 5. With a book in his hand, our math teacher came in.我们数学老师进来了，手里拿着一本 书。 6. He is always sleeping with the light on.他老是开着灯睡觉。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Our school encouraged is to experience some future careers last vacation. Some students choose to work as either cashiers in a store and waiters at a restaurant. I was one of the 500 student to join in the activity. I decided be an assistant in a photo studio because of I love taking photos. With the help of a advanced photographer in the studio, I opened my imagination in my daily work. I also developed practically skills which are necessary for them to face future challenges. The most important thing I’ve learned are to improve myself after I get my dream job. 【 答 案 】【解析】 【分析】 本文属于记叙文，讲述作者参与学校的一份职业体验经历，让作者学到了很多东西。 【详解】第一处：考查一般过去时。句意：一些同学选择当超市里的收银员，或者餐厅服务 员。根据文章可知，作者陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，故把 choose 改为 chose。 第二处：考查并列连词。句意：一些同学选择当超市里的收银员，或者餐厅服务员。本句为 结构 either…or 或者…或者，故把 and 改为 or。 第三处：考查名词。句意：我是参加活动的 500 个学生之一。one of 后接可数名词复数，故把 student 改为 students。 第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：我觉得成为一家照相馆的助理，因为我喜欢拍照。本句为 decide 的用法 decide to do sth 决定做某事，故在 decided 后加 to。 第五处：考查状语从句。句意：我觉得成为一家照相馆的助理，因为我喜欢拍照。分析句子 可知，本句为原因状语从句，故用 because，而 because of 后接短语，故去掉 of。 第六处：考查冠词。句意：在一个高级摄影师的帮助下，我开始日常工作的打开我的想象。 advanced photographer 为可数名词，advanced 为元音发音开头，故用 an，故把 a 改为 an。 第七处：考查形容词。句意：我也培养了一些实用的技能，这些技能对我未来面对挑战来说 很有必要。修饰名词用形容词，故把 practically 改为 practical。 第八处：考查代词。句意：我也培养了一些实用的技能，这些技能对我未来面对挑战来说很 有必要。分析句子可知，本句阐述这份工作对作者本人的意义，故用 me，故把 them 改为 me。 第九处：考查主谓一致。句意：我学到的最重要的事情就是在得到梦想工作之前要提升自己。 分析句子可知，本句主语为 the most important thing，为单数形式，故谓语用第三人称单数，故 把 are 改为 is。 第十处：考查连词。句意：我学到的最重要的事情就是在得到梦想工作之前要提升自己。分 析句子可知，after I get my dream job 为时间状语从句，作者还没有得到梦想工作，但是需要提 升自己，故把 after 改为 before，也可以用 until。第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假如你是李华，你的朋友 Peter 上次来访后惊叹你们家乡的巨大变化，回去后写信询问你们 是如何在实践中将“绿水青山就是金山银山”化为生动的现实的。 要点：1.简要介绍之前存在的问题；2.具体整改措施及带来的好处。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I am glad to have received your letter asking about how we put “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” into practice. Here is something about it. Several years ago, a couple of economic zones were built to attract investors aiming at developing the economy. Unfortunately, all the efforts were in vain due to the poor natural environment. Only then did the government realize the importance of green hills and clear waters. Therefore, concrete measures were taken to beautify the environment such as preventing pollution, planting trees and so on, which contributed to a brand-new natural environment with birds singing in the forest and fish swimming in clear water. Owing to the inviting environment, more and more people came to visit and invest, which in turn led to a boom of our economy. Looking forward to seeing you again in my hometown. I am sure you will like it better. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给 Peter 回信介绍如何在实践中将“绿水青山就是金山银 山”化为生动的现实的。 【详解】第一步: 审题 体裁: 应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构: 总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 简要介绍之前存在的问题。 具体整改措施及带来的好处。 第二步: 列提纲 (重点词组) be glad to；a couple of；be supposed to do；aim at；looking forward to 第三步: 连词成句 I am glad to have received your letter asking about how we put “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” into practice. Here is something about it. Several years ago, a couple of economic zones were built to attract investors aiming at developing the economy. Only then did the government realize the importance of green hills and clear waters. Owing to the inviting environment, more and more people came to visit and invest, which in turn led to a boom of our economy. Looking forward to seeing you again in my hometown. I am sure you will like it better. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步: 连句成篇 (衔接词) 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second，And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand,while,as for 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步: 润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了定语从句，如：Owing to the inviting environment, more and more people came to visit and invest, which in turn led to a boom of our economy.这句话是定语从句， which 指代前半句整个句子，在定语从句中做主语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很 高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。