高考英语阅读技巧讲解＋实战训练1-应用文

抓住信息，搞定应用文 阅读是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程。完成这个思维过程，则需要经过认知、 分析、综合、理解、记忆、感受、判断等程序。 文体类别不同，决定着叙述风格的差异。掌握文体风格，识别文章叙述结构，对正确领悟文 章主旨有极大的帮助。 高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。记叙文体又可细分为 小说、时文报道、人物传记及轶闻趣事。阅读时如能弄清文体类型，能了解把握文体结构和 写作特征，对我们更快、更准地把握作者的写作思路、理解作者的写作意图有极大的帮助。 应用文剖析 应用文命题特点 语言简练，文章短小精悍，具有很强的实用性。一般不会出现与所述问题无关的文字。语言 规范，格式固定。应用文是人们在长期的生产、生活中形成的一种实用文体，故其语言规范， 不可随意用词，如招聘类文章标题用 Wanted，失物招领用 Lost and Found，通知用 Notice。此外，很多应用文也形成了其固定的格式。如新闻报导类、广告类。 高考应用文阅读设问顺序：一般按照文章段落的顺序，设问形式以细节题为主。 应用文解题策略 英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细 节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。 应用文不同于一般文章，它措辞简洁明了，是一种使用范围比较广泛的文体，目的是为了向 读者传输信息。根据应用文的措辞和内容特点，总结出该类题目的做题关键是：抓信息。阅 读时，采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。具体的 解题策略如下： ★ 题干查读法 应用文类阅读理解通过对某一方面信息的全面介绍，以满足各种人对各类信息的需求。但在 试题考查中，通常就某一点提问，以细节理解为主。因此，考生没必要逐字逐句通篇阅读。 在做此类题时宜采用“题干查读法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题的要求，按照题目顺序 依次有针对性地结合题干中的关键词到文中定位。首先读标题或小标题，读题干确定属于哪 个小标题。 ★ 补全成分法 应用文具有简洁、实用的特点，文中常出现大量的省略词和省略句。对于影响语境理解的省 略情况，我们应将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解其意思。★ 信息加工法 信息加工法主要用于词义或句意推测题。此类题目需要考生对原文相关信息作正确理解，并 通过推理判断或是计算，对信息进行再加工。 ★ 排除法 排除法在应用文阅读中使用也比较多。考生可以根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内 容。然后仔细对照，排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。 应用文片段体验 Part 1 Shop Assistants Are you looking for a part time job? We require 3 part-time shop assistants to work during the evening. No experience is required. Applicants should be between 18 and 26. Call 366-76564 for more information. Part 2 Computer Trained Secretaries Do you have experience working with computers? Would you like a full time position working in an exciting new company? If your answer is yes, give us a call at 457-896754. Part 3 Teacher Tommy's Kindergarten needs 2 teacher/trainers to help with classes from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Applicants should have appropriate licenses. For more information visit Tommy's Kindergarten in Leicester Square No.56. 1. Suppose you are a first-year student who wants to earn some money to pay your university expenses, you may ______. A. call 457-896754 B. call 366-76564 C. visit Tommy's Kindergarten in Leicester Square No.56. D. contact Cumberland University 解析：细节理解题。本文属于应用文，使用题干查读法，首先读题干，再读标题或小标题， 确定属于哪个小标题。快速寻找有关信息可知：本题属于 Part 1：Shop Assistants 的广告中 “We require 3 part time shop assistant to work during the evening. No experience is required； Applicants should be between 18 and 26.”可确定答案 B。应用文阅读解析 The 11th China International Consumer Goods Fair Invitation Dear Sir/Madam: China International Consumer Goods Fair (CICGF), co-sponsored by Ministry of Commerce PRC and Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, is one of the four largest import and export fairs in China, which is held in the famous harbor city of Ningbo in June every year. In the past 10 successful sessions, CICGF has organized over 10,000 exhibitors from 30 provinces and municipalities nationwide, the fair's exhibitors consisted mainly of manufacturing enterprises and the fair has attracted more than 120,000 buyers from 110 countries and regions. The 11th CICGF (CICGF 2012) will be held from June 8 to 11,2012. With a total exhibiting area of 125,000 square meters, the 11th CICGF will be divided into 5 sections: Home Appliances and Electronics; Textiles and Garments; Sports Products, Outdoors and Recreational Products; Household Articles and Gifts; International Pavilion and Trade Service. Free shuttle buses will be available for overseas visitors between Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Hongqiao Airport and People's Plaza and Ningbo during the fair. You are invited to attend the fair, either as buyers or as exhibitors. Overseas merchants online registration access to invitations Contact Information: Office, Organizing Committee, China International Consumer Goods Fair, 190 Lingqiao Rd, Ningbo,315000, China Marketing: 86-574-87178074　/　87178075 Contact: Ms. Tang(Jency), Ms. Chi Exhibiting: 86-574-87178078/87178077 Contact: Ms. Yang, Mr. Pei Fax: 86-574-87327443 Http: //www.cicgf.com E-mait: trade@ cicgtcom　/　trade1@ cicgt. com For exhibits inspection and quarantine details, please visit the exhibitor service section at www. cicgf. com. 题干 1. How many visitors have attended CICGF in the past 10 years according to the passage? A.100,000 B.110,000 C.120,000 D.130,0002. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. CICGF is the fourth largest import and export fair in China. B. The 9th CICGF was held in Ningbo in June,2011. C. Free shuttle buses will be available for all visitors between Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Hongqiao Airport and People's Plaza and Ningbo during the fair. D. The exhibiting area of the 11th CICGF will consist of 5 sections. 3. How many ways can a businessman use to make contact with the Organizing Committee of CICGF? A.1 B.2 C.3 D.10 ★ 名词注解 China International Consumer Goods Fair (CICGF) 中国国际消费品交易会 Ministry of Commerce PRC 中华人民共和国商务部 Home Appliances and Electronics 家用电器和电子产品 Textiles and Garments 纺织品和服装 Sports Products, Outdoors and Recreational Products 体育用品、户外用品和娱乐用品 Household Articles and Gifts 家居用品和礼品 International Pavilion and Trade Service 国际馆与贸易服务。 解析 1.D。信息加工法。将第二段两个数字 10, 000 和 120, 000 相加，可得总数。 2.D。排除法。A 项中 the fourth largest..…与原文中 one of the four largest..不一致。B 项应 该是在 2010 年。C 项中 all visitors 与原文中 overseas visitors 不一致。D 项与原文 the 11th CICGF will be divided into 5 sections 信息一致。 3.C。题干查读法。根据题干中…make contact with..…查找到文中信息 Contact Information， 可知有电话、传真 Fax、电子邮件 E-mail，共三种方式。应用文实战演练 题型: 阅读理解 难度: 准确率: 58.10% 题 1 Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning. Electronic Village Program (Thursday, June 18, 2015) Nearpod ☆9:00 am to 10:00 ☆Room 501 Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context( 语 境 ) for students to learn vocabulary. The presenter will show how to use it. TEO ☆2:00 pm to 3:00 pm ☆Room 502 Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line. The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO. Kahoot ☆10:30 am to 11:30 am ☆Room 601 Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a net-work. It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈), including reports about their strengths and weaknesses. Prezi ☆3:30 pm to 4:20 pm ☆Room 602 Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently. The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies. (1)Nearpod can be used to. A.offer grammar tests B.teach listening on-line C.help vocabulary learning D.gain fluency in speaking (2)If you want to improve your speaking skills, you can go to. A.Room 501 B.Room 502 C.Room 601 D.Room 602 (3)Which of the following can assess(评定) your grammar learning? A.Kahoot. B.Nearpod. C.TEO. D.Prezi. (4)A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching is expected to arrive by. A.9:00 amB.10:30 am C.2:00 pm D.3:30 pm 答案 1.答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据表格一中的 Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context(语 境) for students to learn vocabulary 可知，这个软件可以帮助学习词汇。故选 C。 2.答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据 Prezi 提到 Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently，为用户提供听力和口语方面的课程，对应的房间为 Room 602。故选 D 项。 3.答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据 Kahoot 中提到 Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests 可知 这个软件为用户创建语法测试，帮助用户学习语法技能，故选 A 项。 4.答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据 TEO 提到 The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO 可知，这适合老师网上学习， 再根据 2:00 pm to 3:00 pm 可知选 C 项。