北京市朝阳区高三年级高考练习二
英语试题
(考试时间 100 分钟 满分 120 分)
本试卷共 11 页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分)
第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A man called Andy set out for the Pacific Crest Trail, ___1___stretches from the borders of
Mexico to Canada. He decided to take a selfie(自拍)every single mile along the 4,286-kilometre
journey.
Andy created a time-lapse (延时的)video from his five-month hike and he was almost
unrecognisable towards the end of the video 一 he had lost 23 kilograms.
___2___ (sad) , he never finished the journey, as he ___3___ (trap) by a snowstorm about 418
kilometres from the end.
【答案】1. which
2. Sadly 3. was trapped/had been trapped
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了主人公 Andy 因暴风雪而未完成的一段旅行。
【1 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一个叫安迪的人出发前往太平洋克雷斯特小径，这条小径从墨西哥边
境一直延伸到加拿大。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，后面的句子是先行词为 Pacific Crest
Trail 的定语从句。定语从句部分缺主语，需用关系代词。先行词指物，故用 which / that。又
因 that 不引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。
【2 题详解】
考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，他没有完成旅程。分析句子，提示词 sad 是形容词，不可修饰后
面的句子。副词可有修饰句子。故填 Sadly。
【3 题详解】考查被动语态。句意：因为他在距离终点 418 公里的地方被暴风雪困住了。分析句子，as 所
处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故 trap 填动词的时态。又因为 trap 和逻辑主语之间表
示被动，故用时态的被动。分析上文，文章的整体时态是过去时，所以填过去时的被动。故
填 was trapped。/分析句子，as 所处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故 trap 填动词的时态。
又因为 trap 和逻辑主语之间表示被动，故用时态的被动。根据句意，Andy 应该是先被困住了
后才没办法完成旅行。此处符合过去完成时的基本用法：过去的过去。故此处用过去完成时
的被动。故填 had been trapped。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A US astronaut, Christina Koch, spent 328 days in space, which is a record for a female astronaut.
She completed her mission, landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.
Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied ___4___ people are
able to live outside Earth. Her time in space allows researchers ___5___( study) the effects of a
long-term spaceflight on the female body. NASA says the findings ___6___( help) the agency during
its future missions to the moon and Mars.
【答案】4. if/whether
5. to study
6. will help
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。讲述美国女宇航员 Christina Koch 完成了她在太空的 328 天。以及她在太
空期间的研究价值。
【4 题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：Koch 完成了 6 次太空行走，她还做了一些实验来研究人类是否能够
在地球之外生活。分析句子，设问处放在 studied 后，属于宾语从句。宾语从句部分不缺主语
（people）和宾语（outside Earth）。故该空应填连接词或连接副词。通过分析句意，此处缺“是
否”之意。故填 if / whether。
【5 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她在太空的经历使研究人员能够研究长期太空飞行对女性身体的影
响。分析句子，该简单句中除了提示词外还有动词“allow”，故该提示词需填非谓语动词。又因为固定搭配：allow sb to do sth 译为“允许某人做某事”。故填to study。
【6 题详解】
考查时态。句意：美国宇航局表示，这些发现将有助于该机构未来的月球和火星任务。分析
句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故该处要填动词的时态。又因为句中有 future
missions（将来的任务）。是一般将来时的提示词。故填 will help。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The European Parliament(议会)voted for ___7___( cancel) the summer time by 2021. The next
step is to discuss the issue with EU countries.
The current law ___8___( make) EU countries move their clocks forwards on the last Sunday in
March and move them backwards on the last Sunday in October.
Some people say that the summer time saves energy, ___9___ the European commission (委员会)
says that the ___10___ (save) are small. Also, most people in the EU want to cancel the summer time.
【答案】7. cancel(l)ing
8. makes 9. but
10. savings
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章对欧洲议会投票决定在 2021 年前取消夏季夏令时的新闻进行了报道。
【7 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲议会投票决定在 2021 年前取消夏季夏令时。分析句子，提示词
所处的简单句已经有动词。故 cancel 需要用非谓语动词。又因为放在介词后，所以需用 doing
形式。故填 cancel(l)ing。
【8 题详解】
考查时态。句意：现行法律要求欧盟国家在 3 月的最后一个周日将时钟调快，在 10 月的最后
一个周日将时钟调慢。分析句子，并列句中除了 make 外，无其余动词。故 make 需表示动词
的时态。make 所处并列句强调的是客观实在性且被 the current laws(现行法律)修饰。所以需要
用一般现在时。且和主语之间表示主动关系。故填 makes。
【9 题详解】
考查连词。句意：有人说夏季时间节省能源，但欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的。分析句子，划线处前句表示“有人说夏季时间节省能源”，后句却说“欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的”。
可以看出前后句表示转折。故填 but。
【10 题详解】
考查名词。句意：但欧洲委员会说节省的是很小的。分析句子，提示词为动词，但 but 后面的
句子缺 are 的主语。故需将 save 变为名词被 the 修饰。又因 be 动词用 are。所以主语要表示复
数。故填 savings。
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳
选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“What kind of stuff do you write?" one student asked on my first day at the University of
Massachusetts, Lowell. After a decade away from the classroom, I was back to _____11_____
“Creative non-fiction,n I said.
It was a ___12___ I couldn't remember when I’d last written a creative essay. It must have been
before my volatile（喜怒无常的）mother fell ill, leaving me resigned to the idea that our story of
family dysfunction would not end ___13___. It seemed that nothing I wrote could ____14____ that.
With too much time and lack of ____15____ , I accepted a position to teach creative non-fiction.
Although I couldn't get myself to tell my own ___16___, I could require that my students tell theirs.
“You're going to be keeping a ___17___ in this class, ” I said. "And I want you to tell your stories
like they ___18___."
"Why?” a boy named Michael asked. "I mean, who ____19____ about our stories?"
Looking out at the roomful of students, I realized I didn't have an _____20_____.
No one said a word. I ____21____ that most didn't know their stories were stories 一 as beautiful
and hard——as their own lives.
Finally , I said, “ Because it's what you have. Stories allow us to make meaning of what we've
been through. When you shape your ____22____ into a story, it becomes yours and not just something
that ____23____to you."
Michael didn't look ____24____, but he didn't challenge me either.
In his first essay, Michael wrote about how he grew up in one of the ____25____ neighborhoods
in Boston. He wrote about the night he was out with two friends. The feeling of numbness(麻木)shot
through my body as a car came zooming towards us. At that moment everything went blank. Both of my two mates were hit down, drenched in blood. Minutes after I witnessed that, I decided I was
leading the dangerous neighborhood and going to college.
He went on to write about how his high school teachers, who saw his ____26____, helped him
get into this school.
I had Michael _____27_____ his essay out. After he finished, the class went so ____28____that
we could hear the sound of each other's breath. After a moment, I said, “ That's why you tell your
stories. ”
I went home that night and picked up my journal, ____29____and untouched. I found a pen and
for the first time in months, I had to ____30____ .
11. A. studying B. teaching C. visiting D. consulting
12. A. lie B. fact C. task D. dream
13. A. slowly B. naturally C. happily D. violently
14 A. prove B. explain C. destroy D. change
15. A. control B. support C. inspiration D. security
16. A. jokes B. stories C. thoughts D. faults
17. A. list B. note C. record D. journal
18. A. exist B. succeed C. matter D. spread
19. A. cares B. worries C. debates D. inquires
20. A. argument B. opportunity C. influence D. answer
21. A. assumed B. predicted C. ignored D. checked
22. A. choice B. performance C. progress D. experience
23. A. applied B. happened C. belonged D. appealed
24. A. interested B. astonished C. convinced D. concerned
25. A. biggest B. quietest C. safest D. worst
26. A. potential B. creativity C. anxiety D. confusion
27. A. read B. bring C. figure D. point
28. A. relaxed B. still C. nervous D. friendly
29. A. clean B. special C. dusty D. marked
30. A. wonder B. write C. compete D. practise
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C
30. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在马萨诸塞州从事教学工作，本文讲述了作者如何鼓励他的学生们
进行写作的故事。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开教室十年之后，我又回来教书。A. studying 学习；B. teaching
教；C. visiting 拜访；D. consulting 咨询。根据 one student asked on my first day at the University
of Massachusetts 可知，在作者进入马萨诸塞大学的第一天一个学生问他，可知作者在马萨诸
塞大学教书，故选 B。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一句谎言。A. lie 谎言；B. fact 事实；C. task 任务；D. dream
梦想。根据 I couldn’t remember when I’d last written a creative essay(我记不起我什么时候最后
写一个创造性的论文，)可知此处作者说了谎言，故选 A。
【13 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但一定是在我喜怒无常 妈妈生病前，让我屈服于这样的想法，
我们的家庭功能障碍的故事不会幸福地结束。 A. slowly 慢慢地；B. naturally 自然地；C. happily
快乐的；D. violently 暴力地。因为妈妈生病了，所以故事不会很幸福。故选 C。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写的任何东西都不能改变这一点。 A. prove 证明；B. explain 解
释；C. destroy 毁坏；D. change 改变。妈妈生病了，我的家庭故事不幸福，没有什么可以改变
那些。故选 D。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 由于时间太多，缺乏灵感，我接受了一个教授创造性非小说类文
学作品的职位。A. control 控制；B. support 支持；C. inspiration 灵感；D. security 安全。根据下
文 I accepted a position to teach creative non-fiction.可知，缺乏灵感，作者接受了教授创造性非小
说类文学作品的职位。故选 C。
【16 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我不会写自己的故事，但我要求我的学生讲述自己的故事。
的A. jokes 笑话；B. stories 故事； C. thoughts 思想； D. faults 错误。根据下文，作者让学生写日
记，可知作者要求学生讲自己的故事。故选 B。
【17 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析．句意：我说：“你可以在班上写日记，然后我希望你可以讲述你的故事，
就像他们很重要一样”。A. list 名单；B .note 笔记；C. record 记录；D. journal 日志；日记。日
记记录的内容才是自己的故事。故选 D。
【18 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说：“你可以在班上写日记，然后我希望你可以讲述你的故事，
就像它们很重要一样。”A. exist 存在；B. succeed 成功；C. matter 重要；D. spread 传播。根据
下文可知，这里要填 matter 意为“重要”。故选C。
【19 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的意思是，谁在乎我们的故事？A. cares 关心；B. worries 使担心；
C. debates 辩论； D. inquires 询问。从下文可知，他们大多数都不觉得自己的故事重要，所以
学生问谁在乎他们的故事。care about 在乎。故选 A。
【20 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着满教室的学生，我意识到我没有答案。A. argument 争论；B.
opportunity 机会；C. influence 影响；D. answer 答案。根据下文 No one said a word. 可知，作者
没有答案，不知道如何回答学生的问题。故选 D。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为大多数人不知道他们的故事和他们自己的生活一样——美
丽和艰难。A. assumed 认为；假定；B. predicted 预测；C. ignored 忽视；D. checked 检查。根
据下文作者说的话 Because it's what you have. Stories allow us to make meaning of what we've been
through.可知 ，作者认为大部分人不知道知道我们经历的事情的意义。故选 A。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你把你的故事塑造成一个故事时，它就变成了你的，而不仅仅
发生在你身上的故事。 A. choice 选择；B. performance 表演；C. progress 进展；D. experience
经历；经验。根据上文 Because it's what you have. Stories allow us to make meaning of what we've
been through.可知，记日记是你拥有的故事，故事使我们能够理解我们所经历的一切。因此推
断，是把你的经历写进故事。故选 D。
【23 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意同上。A. applied 申请；B. happened 发生；C. belonged 属于；D. appealed
恳求。你的故事是你的经历，因此是发生在你身上的东西。故选 B。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔看起来并没被我说服，但他也没有挑战我。A. interested
感兴趣的；B. astonished 吃惊的；C. convinced 确信的；相信的；D. concerned 关心的。根据下
文 but he didn't challenge me either.可知，迈克尔不相信我。故选 C。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的第一篇文章中，麦克写了他如何在波士顿的一个最糟糕
的社区热河成长的。A. biggest 最大的；B. quietest 最安静的；C. safest 最安全的；D. worst 最
糟糕的。根据下文 I decided I was leading the dangerous neighborhood 可知，这个社区是非常糟
糕的。故选 D。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他继续写了他的高中老师是怎样的，看到了他的潜能，帮助他进
了这个学校。A. potential 潜能；B. creativity 创造性；C. anxiety 焦虑； D. confusion 困惑．根
据下文 helped him get into this school.可知，是高中老师发掘他的潜能，帮助他上了大学。故选
A。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让迈克尔读出了他的文章。A. read 读；B. bring 带来；C. figure
计算；D. point 指向。根据下文 That's why you tell your stories.可推断，迈克尔读了他写的文章。
故选 A。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析．句意：在他读完后，教室里很安静，我们几乎能听见彼此呼吸的声音。
A. relaxed 放松的；B. still 安静的；C. nervous 紧张的；D. friendly 友好的。这里是麦克读完自
己的故事后，班上同学的反应，下文能听到呼吸声，说明很安静。故选 B。
【29 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那晚我回家，把我布满灰尘且从未碰过的日记本拿了出来。A. clean
干净的；B. special 特别的；C. dusty 布满灰尘的；D. marked 加印记的。日记很久没碰了，所
以布满灰尘。故选 C。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一只笔，数月来第一次，我写东西。A. wonder 奇迹；B. write写；C. compete 比赛；D. practise 练习。前文说我很久没写日记了，而现在因为迈克尔的事情，
我拿出日记本，因此是想写点发生的故事。故选 B。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要
遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 20 小题，考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找到了
一只笔，数月来第一次，我写东西。A. wonder 奇迹；B. write 写；C. compete 比赛；D. practise
练习。前文说我很久没写日记了，而现在因为迈克尔的事情，我拿出日记本，因此是想写点
发生的故事。故选 B。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答
题卡上 将该项涂黑。
A
Fun School Projects with Magnets and Metal
Science is one of the most interesting and fun subjects for kids.
There are endless opportunities for practical experiments that are sure to surprise and excite
children's imaginations. A great way to get into experimenting with science is with the use of magnets.
The properties of magnets allow for an “ invisible force ” to move objects seemingly on their own!
If your kids are looking for something a little trickier, why not let them try using magnets to make
their own compass (指南针)？
For this experiment, you will need 2 needles, a strong magnet, a pencil, a cup and some string.
Step 1: Rub the pointed end of the needle along one side of the magnet ；this can be either the
north or south end. Make sure you are rubbing the needle in one direction, not back and forth. You
might need to do this about 30 times to magnetise the needle.
Step 2: Test the now magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can pick it up. If it can,
the needle is ready to use for the experiment. If it doesn't pick it up, you will need to rub the needle a
few more times on the same end of the magnet you were using before.Step 3 : With a piece of string that is a couple of inches long, get your child to tie this to the
middle of the pencil. Then, at the bottom end of the hanging string, tie the magnetised needle.
Step 4: Place the pencil, with the needle hanging down, over the top of a cup so that the needle is
hanging inside the cup.
Step 5 : Watch as the needle moves on its own to point north.
Once your kids have got a taste for magnets, you might want to move on to more advanced
experiments. Places like RS Components sell high-tech magnetic equipment that will be sure to carry
on fuelling your children's passion for science!
31. According to the passage, the spare needle is used to _______.
A. pick the other needle up B. magnetise the other needle
C. rub the magnet on the other side D. check if the other needle is magnetised
32. The magnetised needle can point north because _______.
A. it is tied to a hanging string B. it has the properties of a magnet
C. it is connected with a magnet D. it is hanging down inside the cup
33. What is the main purpose of this passage?
A. To promote high-tech magnetic equipment.
B. To entertain kids with magnet experiments.
C. To stress the importance of advanced experiments.
D. To provide a way to fuel kids' passion for science.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。科学是孩子们最感兴趣和最有趣的学科之一。文章介绍了一个有关磁铁
的实验。提供了一种方法来激发孩子们对科学的热情。
【31 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Step 2 中的 Test the now magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can
pick it up.可知，用备用针头测试磁化的针头，看看它能不能把它捡起来。因此可知，备用针头
是用来检查另一根针是否被磁化。故选 D。
【32 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Step3 中的 Then, at the bottom end of the hanging string, tie the magnetised needle.( 然后，在挂线的底端，绑上磁化针。)和 Step 5Watch as the needle moves on its own to
point north.( 当针自行移动指向北方时，请注意)可知，针有磁性，如果磁化针可以指向北方，
是因为它具有磁铁的特性。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Once your kids have got a taste for magnets, you might want to
move on to more advanced experiments.(一旦你的孩子对磁铁有了兴趣，你可能会想继续做更高
级的实验) 可推断，文章讲述这个磁铁试验的目的是为了提供一种方法来激发孩子们对科学的
热情。故选 D。
【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中常见的题型。考生在做这类题时一定要仔细审题，弄懂题
干，题干当中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依据。比如此题第 1 题，根据题干定位
在 Step2, 根据 Step 2 中的 Test the now magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can pick
it up.可知，用备用针头测试磁化的针头，看看它能不能把它捡起来。因此可知，备用针头是
用来检查另一根针是否被磁化。故选 D。
B
The Wolf at the Door
Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer when a series of screams shocked him awake.
Throwing on his shoes, he ran out to investigate. Fee and his wife were travelling through Canada's
Banff National Park to enjoy its breathtaking beauty and awesome wildlife. It was the latter he now
experienced. Although it was dark, Fee could see a neighboring tent was in a mess. Backing out was a
wolf, dragging something in his teeth. That thing was a man J
Moments earlier, Elisa and Matt Rispoli, from New Jersey, were asleep with their two young
children when the wolf broke into their tent. "It was like something out of a horror movie，'‘ Elisa
posted on Facebook. "For three minutes, Matt threw his body in front of me and the boys and fought
against the wolf. At one point, Matt got the upper hand, pinning (压住) the wolf to the ground. But the
wolf held its jaw onto Matt's arm tightly, set its powerful legs, and began dragging Matt outside while
I was pulling on his legs trying to get him back，'‘ Elisa wrote.
It was then that Fee entered the picture. He ran at the wolf, kicking it “like I was kicking in a
door,” he told ABC New York. The wolf dropped Matt and emerged from the tent. "Wolves are large，
'‘ Fee told the radio show Calgary Eyeopener. " I felt like I had hit someone that was way out of my
weight class."Before the wolf could turn its anger on Fee, Matt, his arms bloodied, flew out of the tent to
continue the battle. The men threw rocks at the wolf, forcing it back, then the Fees and the Rispolis
escaped to the shelter of the Fees’ minivan(厢式旅行车). An ambulance was called, and Matt was
taken to a local hospital suffering from open wounds. Luckily he has fully recovered. The wolf was
tracked down by park officials and killed in a painless way.
As for Fee, whom Elisa called their lifesaver, he does admit to a fleeting(闪现的),if less-
than-heroic, thought during the heat of battle. The moment the wolf locked eyes with him, Fee says, "I
immediately regretted kicking it."
34 What happened to the Rispolis one night last summer?
A. They were scared by a horror movie.
B. They were suddenly woken up by screams.
C. They got injured and taken to the hospital.
D. They suffered a surprise attack from a wolf
35. Russ Fee joined Matt Rispoli when _______.
A. Matt was dropped down by the wolf
B. Matt gained the advantage over the wolf
C. the wolf was dragging Matt out of the tent
D. the wolf broke into the tent of the Rispolis
36. Matt Rispoli survived because _______.
A. the wolf was killed by park officials B. he took shelter in a neighboring tent
C. he got great help and timely treatment D. the wolf was driven away by Russ Fee
37. What can we learn about Russ Fee from the last paragraph?
A. He feels regretful for what he did. B. He enjoys being called a lifesaver.
C. He feels quite heroic about himself D. He admits his fear during the fight.
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. C 37. D
【解析】
本文为记叙文。本文讲述了 Russ Fee 在加拿大国家公园露营时英勇救人与狼搏斗的故事。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段 Russ Fee was asleep inside his tent last summer when a series of screams
shocked him awake. (去年夏天，Russ Fee 在他的帐篷里睡觉时，一连串的尖叫声把他惊醒了。) 和 Backing out was a wolf, dragging something in his teeth(一只狼在后退，用牙齿拖着什么东
西。).可知，他们在公园度假时，一连串的叫声把他惊醒，原来是有人遭到狼的突然袭击，故
选 D。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二、三段… the wolf held its jaw onto Matt's arm tightly, set its powerful legs,
and began dragging Matt outside while I was pulling on his legs trying to get him back(那只狼用下巴
紧紧咬住马特的手臂，抬起有力的双腿，开始把马特拖到外面，而我则拉着他的腿想把他拽
回来)，…和 It was then that Fee entered the picture(就在那时，Russ Fee 出现了)可知，在狼把
Matt Rispoli 拖出了帐篷后，Russ Fee 加入了抢救过程，故选 C。
【36 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段 The men threw rocks at the wolf, forcing it back, then the Fees and the
Rispolis escaped to the shelter of the Fees’ minivan(厢式旅行车).An ambulance was called, and Matt
was taken to a local hospital suffering from open wounds. Luckily he has fully recovered(这些人向狼
扔石头，把它逼回去，然后 Fees 和 Rispolis 一家跑到 Fee 厢式旅行车躲避。救护车来了，马
特被送到了当地的医院).可知，因为得到了巨大的帮助和及时的治疗，Matt 活了下来，故选
C。
【37 题详解】
推理判断题。从最后一段 he does admit to a fleeting(闪现的), if less-than-heroic, thought during
the heat of battle. The moment the wolf locked eyes with him, Fee says, "I immediately regretted
kicking it."(他承认在激烈的战斗中有一丝闪现的不那么英勇的想法。当那只狼与费目光相遇的
那一刻，Fee 说:“我立刻后悔不该踢它。”)可知，他在战斗中承认了自己的恐惧。故选 D。
C
In autumn of 1975, two mothers in Lyme, Connecticut, were desperate for answers their doctors
could not provide. Their families and others in the Lyme area were suffering from a mysterious(神秘
的)illness. Two doctors from Yale, Allan Steere and Stephen Malawista, began an investigation that
would result in a groundbreaking medical discovery.
The doctors began by conducting individual examinations of each patient. They found patients
of all ages were suffering from a set of symptoms (症状) rarely observed together. Blood samples
revealed no virus that offered a clue about the cause. However, they found fruitful information in their
interviews with patients: one quarter of them recalled a skin rash (皮疹) with a bull’s-eye pattern about four weeks before other symptoms arose.
Armed with this new clue, the Department of Health worked with the Yale doctors, conducting
surveys to learn where the disease was most widely seen. It seemed that the majority of patients lived
in heavily wooded areas, who spent a good deal of time outdoors, gardening, landscaping, or playing.
The symptoms were nearly always experienced for the first time during summer. Crucially, some
recalled having been bitten by a tick (蝉), which feeds mostly on the blood of mammals and birds.
By 1977 investigators confirmed that the deer tick was responsible. But no one could say why it
was causing the illness or how patients could be treated. In 1982, a scientist named Willy Burgdorfer
discovered a specific type of bacteria (细菌), carried by the deer tick, which was causing the disease.
But how did the deer tick acquire the bacteria in the first place? Finally, scientists determined that the
ticks picked up the bacteria from their hosts. As its name suggests, the deer tick often feeds on deer,
carriers of the Lyme disease bacteria. Scientists concluded that the bacteria passed from wildlife to
ticks to humans. All lived closely among one another in the area.
How could a disease from a common parasite（寄生虫）spring up so suddenly? Many areas of
the northeast, including Lyme, were once farmland. The farmland was replanted with trees. After the
forest grew in, the area was then developed with houses. Gradually, neighborhoods pushed deeper into
the habitat of deer ticks and, more importantly, the wildlife they fed upon. As humans encountered
more ticks, they became more likely to contract the disease.
One of the remaining mysteries about Lyme disease is where and when it truly began. This puzzle
may never be solved. Today, Lyme disease——if caught early—is easily treated with antibiotics,
thanks to the hard work of many scientists, doctors, and patients.
38. Which of the following method helped Dr. Steere and Dr. Malawista most?
A. Conducting patient interviews. B. Carrying out a field survey.
C. Studying patients’ blood samples. D. Separating patients into age groups.
39. From the passage, we can learn that _______.
A. deer ticks were first carriers of the Lyme disease bacteria
B. patients’ remembrance of tick bites was vital to the medical discovery
C. Lyme disease spread because deer ticks and humans both fed on deer
D. Lyme disease is less common now because people spend less time outdoors
40. What do the underlined words “spring up” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Worsen. B. Return.
C. Appear. D. Decrease.
41. Which of the following would be the best tide for the passage?
A. A Desperate Need B. An Unsolved Puzzle
C. A Medical Mystery D. An Effective Treatment
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C 41. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们致力于研究一种神秘的疾病—莱姆病，最终找到
这种疾病的来源、出现的原因及治疗方法。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, they found fruitful information in their interviews with patients:
one quarter of them recalled a skin rash (皮疹)with a bull’s-eye pattern about four weeks before other
symptoms arose.”（然而，他们在病人的采访中发现了大量有效的信息：四分之一的人回忆起
一种牛眼样式的皮疹，大约在其他症状出现的四周之前。）可知，采访病人这种方法对 Dr.
Steere 和 Dr. Malawista 的研究起到了极大的帮助。故选 A。
【39 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Crucially, some recalled having been bitten by a tick (蜱), which feeds
mostly on the blood of mammals and birds.”（重要地是，一些人回忆起了被蜱咬过，这种蜱多数
以哺乳动物和鸟类的血液为食。）可知，病人回忆起被蜱咬过这件事对医学发现非常重要。其
他三项文中均未提及。故选 B。
【40 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段内容：人们生活的区域与鹿蜱和鹿蜱赖以生存的野生动物越来越近。
及关键句“As humans encountered more ticks, they became more likely to contract the disease.”（随
着人们遇到更多的蜱，他们变得更有可能感染这种疾病。）可知，第五段在解释这种疾病是如
何出现的。故推测划线词所在句子“How could a disease from a common parasite（寄生虫）spring
up so suddenly?”意为一种来自寄生虫的疾病是怎样突然出现的呢？因此推测spring up 意为突
然出现。Appear 意为“出现”。故选C。
【41 题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了科学家们致力于研究一种神秘的疾病—莱姆病，最终找到这种疾病的来源、出现的原因及治疗方法。根据第一段的关键词“mysterious(神秘的)illness.”和最
后一段的关键词“the remaining mysteries about Lyme disease”可知，本文最合适的标题是一种
神秘的疾病。故选 C。
【点睛】词义猜测题要求考生在阅读过程中，根据选材、背景及上下文等线索，推测出生词
（短语）意义。常用的方法是根据上下文内容进行句意的推测。如本文第三小题。通过阅读
划线短语所在句子的下文可知，下文讲解了莱姆病出现在人类身上的原因，故推测划线词所
在句子“How could a disease from a common parasite（寄生虫）spring up so suddenly?”意为一种
来自寄生虫的疾病是怎样突然出现的呢？进而推测 spring up 是“出现”的意思。最后选出正
确答案。
D
If there’s one cliche（陈词滥调）that really annoys Danah Boyd, a specialist researcher who
has made a career from studying the way teenagers use the web, it’s that of the digital native. “Today
the world has computer-mediated communications. Thus, in order to learn about their social world
around them, teenagers are learning about those things too. And they’re using that to work out the stuff
that kids have always worked out： peer（同龄人）sociality, status, etc.” she says.
It’s no surprise Boyd takes exception, really. As one of the first digital anthropologists to dig into
the way teenagers use social networking sites, she gained insights into the social web by taking a
closer look at what was going on.
Lately, her work has been about explaining new ways of interpreting the behavior we see online.
She outlined some examples at a recent conference in San Francisco, including the case of a young
man from one of the poorest districts of Los Angeles who was applying for a top American college.
The applicant said he wanted to escape the influence of violence, but the admissions officer was
shocked when he discovered that the boy's MySpace page was covered with precisely the violent
language he claimed to hate. “Why was he lying about his motivations?” asked the university. “He
wasn't, ” said Boyd. “In his world, showing the right images online was a key part of surviving daily
life.”
Understanding what’s happening online is especially important, for today’s teenagers have a
vastly different approach to privacy from their parents. She says, “Adults think of the home as a very
private space. That’s often not the case for teenagers because they have little or no control over who
has access to it, or under what conditions. As a result, the online world can feel more private because it feels like there's more control.”
The concept of control is central to Boyd's work, and it applies to pointing out the true facts about
teenage behavior. Boyd suggests control remains in the same places as it always did.
“Technologists all go for the idea of techno・utopia （乌托邦）, the web as great democratizer
（民主 化）”，she says. “But we’re not actually democratizing the whole system； we’re just
shifting the way in which we discriminate.”
It’s a call to arms that most academic researchers would tend to sidestep, but then Boyd admits to
treading a fine line between academics and activists. “The questions I continue to want to ask are the
things that are challenging to me；having to sit down and be forced to think about uncomfortable
social stuff, and it’s really hard to get my head around it, which means it’s exactly what I should dive
in and deal with, ” she says.
42. What does Danah Boyd think of “computer-mediated communications”?
A. They teach teenagers about social interaction.
B. They replace other sorts of social interaction for teenagers.
C. They are necessary for teenagers to have social interaction.
D. They are barriers to wider social interaction among teenagers.
43. Why does Danah Boyd cite the example of the Los Angeles college applicant?
A. To show how easy it is to investigate somebody's online activity.
B. To illustrate how easy it is to misinterpret an individual online activity.
C. To prove how important it is to check the content of someone's online activity.
D. To express how necessary it is to judge someone's sincerity from his online activity.
44. Danah Boyd argues in Paragraph 4 that _______.
A. teenagers feel more private in the online world than in the home
B. teenagers are less concerned about privacy than their parents
C. parents tend not to respect teenagers'
need for online privacy
D. parents value the idea of privacy less in a domestic environment
45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Danah Boyd _______.
A. is willing to take on research challenges others would avoid
B. regards herself as being more of an activist than a researcherC is aware that she is lacking in ability to deal with the challenges
D. feels like abandoning the research into uncomfortable social stuff
【答案】42. C 43. B 44. A 45. A
【解析】
本文是议论文。数字人类学家 Danah Boyd 深入研究青少年使用社交网站方式，她指出：青少
年在网络上的行为很容易被误解，他们在网络世界里隐私感更强。
【42 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中 Danah Boyd 所说的话“Today the world has computer-mediated
communications. Thus, in order to learn about their social world around them, teenagers are learning
about those things too.（今天，世界已经有了以计算机为媒介的通信。因此，为了了解他们周围
的社会世界，青少年也在学习这些东西。）”由此判断出，Danah Boyd 认为“以计算机为媒介
的通信”是青少年了解周围的社会所必要的。故选 C 项。
【43 题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段举出一位来自洛杉矶最贫困地区的年轻人申请美国顶尖大学的例子。
“The applicant said he wanted to escape the influence of violence, but the admissions officer was
shocked when he discovered that the boy’s MySpace page was covered with precisely the violent
language he claimed to hate. “Why was he lying about his motivations?” asked the university.“He
wasn’t, ” said Boyd. “In his world, showing the right images online was a key part of surviving daily
life.” （申请人说他想逃离暴力的影响，但是当招生官发现男孩的 MySpace 页面上满是他声称
讨厌的那些暴力语言时，他感到非常震惊。“他为什么对自己的动机撒谎?”所申请的大学问。“他
没有（撒谎），” Boyd 说。“在他的世界里，在网上展示正确的图片是日常生活的一个关键部
分” ）”。在Boyd 举出的例子中，那个男孩申请的大学对他在网上的行为有所误解，认为他撒
谎。但是 Boyd 认为那个男孩没有撒谎，他在网上的那些有暴力语言的图片反映了他在日常生
活中是怎样生存的。因此可以推断，Boyd 举出这个例子是为了说明一个人的网上活动是多么
容易被误解。故选 B 项。
【44 题详解】
细节理解题。第四段中提到“Adults think of the home as a very private space. That's often not the
case for teenagers because they have little or no control over who has access to it, or under what
conditions.（成年人认为家是一个非常私人的空间。对于青少年来说，情况往往不是这样，因
为他们很少能或根本无法控制谁或者在什么条件下会进入（他们的隐私空间）；根据“As a result, the online world can feel more private because it feels like there's more control.”。（因此，（对
于他们来说），网络世界隐私感更强，因为他们感觉有了更多的控制。）”可知，青少年在网
络世界中感觉比在家里更有隐私感。故选 A 项。
【45 题详解】
推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 中 “…most academic researchers would tend to sidestep, but
then …‘The questions I continue to want to ask are the things that are challenging to me；…it’s really
hard to get my head around it, which means it's exactly what I should dive in and deal with,’”，
Danah Boyd 认为大多数学术研究人员都倾向于回避，但是她觉得这些问题对她来说是挑战。
这些问题很难理解，而这正是她应该深入研究探讨的。因此可以推断，Boyd 愿意接受其他人
可能会回避的挑战。故选 A 项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项 为多余选项。
The Buy Nothing Movement
Social media, magazines and shop windows bombard（猛轰）people daily with things to buy,
and British consumers are buying more clothes than ever before. The average person spends more than
£ 1,000 on new clothes a year, which might not sound like much. ___46___ A lot of consumer
spending is by means of credit cards. British people currently owe about £670 per adult to credit card
companies. Also, people are spending money they haven't earned to buy things they don't need. Britain
throws away 300,000 tons of clothing a year, most of which goes into landfill（垃圾填 埋地）sites.
___47___But charity shops can't sell all those unwanted clothes. A lot of clothes that charities
can't sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.
___48___The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US. On Buy
Nothing Day people organise various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the
year, Buy Nothing groups organise the exchange and repair of items they already own.
The trend has now reached influencers on social media who now encourage their viewers not to
buy anything at all for periods as long as a year. Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards
buying only food. For the first three months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods,
clothes or things for the house. For the next stage, they gave up services, for example, haircuts, eating
out or buying petrol for their cars. ___49___The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and paper
packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved. ___50___But even if
you can't manage a full year without going shopping, you can participate in the anti-consumerist
movement by refusing to buy things you don't need.
A. In one year, they'd saved $55,000.
B. If everyone followed a similar plan, the results would be impressive.
C. Online shopping means it is easy for customers to buy without thinking.
D. Second-hand clothes are often of too poor quality to recycle in charity shops.
E. But that figure hides two far more worrying trends for society and for the environment
F. However, a different trend arises in opposition to consumerism—the ' buy nothing' trend.
G. People might not realise the problems because they donate their unwanted clothes to charities.
【答案】46. E 47. G 48. F 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国如今消费者购买了比以往更多地衣服，但是自己并不
需要这些衣服的社会现象，同时这一现象也带来了社会和环境方面的担忧。
【46 题详解】
根据下文“A lot of consumer spending is by means of credit cards. Also, people are spending money
they haven't earned to buy things they don't need.”和“Britain throws away 300,000 tons of clothing
a year, most of which goes into landfill（垃圾填埋地）sites.”可知，人们买衣服时使用信用卡超
前消费，同时每年也会有 30 万吨的衣服进入垃圾站，是对 E 项（但是这个数字背后隐藏了令
社会和环境担忧的问题。）提出问题的具体解释说明。故选 E 项。
【47 题详解】
根据下文“But charity shops can't sell all those unwanted clothes.A lot of clothes that charities can't
sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.”可知，慈善商店把
那些不能售卖的服装运到国外，这会引起更多的经济和环境问题。承接上文，推出 G 项（因
为人们把不需要的衣服都捐给慈善团体，并没有意识到那些问题。）切题，该选项中的 the
problems 对应下文中的 economic and environmental problems.。故选 G 项。
【48 题详解】
根据下文“The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US. On Buy Nothing Day people organise various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the
year, Buy Nothing groups organise the exchange and repair of items they already own.”可知整个段
落谈论的是关于“Buy Nothing Day”观念的起源和发展方式，而 F 项（然而与消费主义相反
的另一种趋势“不买”正在凸显。”）提出“Buy Nothing Day”观念。故选 F 项。
【49 题详解】
根据上文“Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards buying only food. For the first three
months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods, clothes or things for the house. For
the next stage, they gave up services, for example, haircuts, eating out or buying petrol for their cars.”
可知这两个朋友用一年的时间分二个阶段拒绝购买除食物之外的其他商品，而 A 项（一年时
间，他们节省了$55,000）是这两个朋友节约行为产生的结果即节省了$55,000。故选 A 项。
【50 题详解】
根据上文“The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and
paper packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved.”可知这两个朋
友所做的改变意味着路上车变少、塑料袋和纸袋使用量会下降，对节约能源有积极的影响。
而 B 项(如果每个人都执行这种方法，那结局会让人印象深刻)是上文产生的前提条件。故选 B
项。
【点睛】七选五要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段
落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整
篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。如第 2 小题，根据下文“But charity shops
can't sell all those unwanted clothes.A lot of clothes that charities can't sell are sent abroad, causing
even more economic and environmental problems.”可知，慈善商店把那些不能售卖的服装运到
国外，这会引起更多的经济和环境问题。承接上文，推出 G 项（因为人们把不需要的衣服都
捐给慈善团体，并没有意识到那些问题。）切题，该选项中的 the problems 对应下文中的
economic and environmental problems.。故选 G 项。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15 分）
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在你的视频博客（Vlog）上看到你做
中餐的视频，很感兴趣并表示也想学做中国美食，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内容
包括：
1. 推荐一道中国菜或饭； 2. 推荐理由。
注意：1 .词数不少于 50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am glad that you are interested in Chinese food. As is known to all, Chinese food focuses on
diversified color, aromatic flavor, and excellent taste. Since you're just starting out cooking Chinese
food, I'd like to recommend noodles with tomato egg sauce to you. The reasons are as follows.
Firstly, it is a traditional Chinese dish, and especially popular with people who don't have much
time to cook. In addition, its cooking method is very easy. Finally and most importantly, just as its
name implies, it only needs three ingredients: noodles, tomatoes and eggs, which are common and
easy to come by in our daily life.
You can refer to the detailed cooking steps on the vlog I posted a few days ago. I hope you can
successfully make this delicious dish! If you have any questions, do let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给朋友回一封邮件。
【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在你的
视频博客（Vlog）上看到你做中餐的视频，很感兴趣并表示也想学做中国美食，发来邮件询
问。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一道中国菜或饭； 2. 推荐理由。第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：diversified color, aromatic flavor, excellent taste,
recommend, traditional Chinese dish, ingredients, cooking steps.
第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表
达方式，如 Firstly, it is a traditional Chinese dish, and especially popular with people who don't
have much time to cook.和 it only needs three ingredients: noodles, tomatoes and eggs, which are
common and easy to come by in our daily life. 运用了限制性定语从句；it only needs three
ingredients: noodles, tomatoes and eggs, which are common and easy to come by in our daily life.中运
用了非限制性定语从句；I hope you can successfully make this delicious dish!运用了宾语从句。全
文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分
明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,为校刊“英语园地” 写一篇
短文,讲述上周你校高三年级举行趣味运动会的过程。
注意：词数不少于 60。
提示词:趣味运动会 fun sports meeting 二人三足 three-legged race________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
【答案】Last week, our grade held a fun sports meeting aiming to relieve us senior three students
from pressure and heavy school work.
On Monday morning, we were told that a fun sports meeting would be held on the school playground
on Friday afternoon. Upon hearing the news, I, together with my best friend, registered for the
three-legged race excitedly.
The three-legged race required effective cooperation between teammates. Thus, during the following
days, we practised the game after school. Under the guidance of our classmate, we mastered the skills
and got prepared.
Then came the big day. With my left foot and my friend's right foot tied together, we set out quickly as
soon as our PE teacher blew his whistle. Arm in arm, we managed to run fast at the same pace. The
playground was filled with our schoolmate’s laughter and cheers. A few minutes later, we crossed the
finishing line. We did a really good job and won the first prize. Standing on the platform, we felt proud
and excited with the thunderous applause from our classmates.
By getting involved in the game, we got not only a little leisure from our busy school life but the joy of
working together with others.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求学生一篇短文，讲述上周你校高三年级举行趣味运动会的
过程。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：记叙文。
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时。
结构：总分法。要求：
1. 讲述上周你校高三年级举行趣味运动会的过程。
2. 词数不少于 60。
第二步：列提纲（重点短语）
aiming to；registered for；filled with；felt proud and excited；getting involved in
第三步：连词成句
1.Last week, our grade held a fun sports meeting aiming to relieve us senior three students from
pressure and heavy school work.
2. Upon hearing the news, I, together with my best friend, registered for the three-legged race
excitedly.
3. The playground was filled with our schoolmate’s laughter and cheers.
4. Standing on the platform, we felt proud and excited with the thunderous applause from our
classmates.
5. By getting involved in the game, we got not only a little leisure from our busy school life but the joy
of working together with others.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇
1.表示文章结构顺序：活动的时间；活动的地点；活动的内容；活动的意义
2. 表示并列补充关系：Upon ；together with；Thus
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复
合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：Standing on the platform, we
felt proud and excited with the thunderous applause from our classmates.；Upon hearing the news, I,
together with my best friend, registered for the three-legged race excitedly.；宾语从句：On Monday
morning, we were told that a fun sports meeting would be held on the schoolplayground on Friday
afternoon…等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
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