2020 届全国高考英语全真模拟试题（二）
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无
效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到
答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing?
A. Selling coffee. B. Visiting a museum. C. Asking for directions.
2. What affects the man’s phone bill?
A. His family’s Internet use. B. The taxes and extra fees. C. His calls and texts.
3. Why did the woman buy the hat?
A. It offers complete sun protection.
B. It’s cheaper than baseball hats.
C. It was easy to purchase on the Internet.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She’s been extremely busy.
B. She dreams of becoming a millionaire.
C. She’s proud of being able to do many things.
5. What does the man think of the soup?
A. It’s too thick. B. It’s not very good. C. It needs a bit more flavor.
第二节听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有 2 至 4 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项
中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读各个小
题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、
7 题。
6. What does the girl suggest about the first pair of shoes?
A. They’re a good value.
B. They’re easy to walk in.
C. She’ll be popular if she wears them.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Salesman and customer. C. Uncle and niece.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. Who is Ashley Bryan?
A. A poet. B. An artist. C. A famous sailor.
9. How old was Langston Hughes when he died?
A. Forty years old B. Sixty-five years old. C. Ninety-two years old.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At an airport. B. At the man’s house. C. At the woman’s house.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. Her suitcase is more than 40 kg.
B. She will take a flight to America.
C. She has a handbag and a large backpack.
12. What time does the flight leave?
A. At 8:30 a.m. B. At 9:30 a.m. C. At 10:30 a.m.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What does the man probably do for a living?
A. He is a journalist. B. He is a film reviewer. C. He is a magazine editor.
14. What is the woman’s favorite film ever?
A. Pulp Fiction. B. Jackie Brown. C. Kill Bill.15. What day is it today?
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
16. How does the man feel at the end of the conversation?
A. Very grateful. B. A little annoyed. C. Much more calm.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Where can copies be made?
A. On Level 1. B. On Level 2. C. On Level 3.
18. How many books can a graduate student check out?
A. Up to two. B. Up to five. C. Up to fifteen.
19. What is the late fee for a book that is 10 days overdue?
A. $5. B. $15. C. $20.
20. When does the library close on Friday nights?
A. At 8:30 p.m. B. At 9:00 p.m. C. At 10:00 p.m.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
FOUR BEST BOOKSHOPS IN LONDON
Looking for something to read while in London? If so, you’re in luck: the British capital happens to
have an incredible collection of bookshops.
Daunt Books
Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or nonfiction book set in the place you’re headed?
This bookshop arranges books by country, so it’s easy to find anything by place. (83 Marylebone High
Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:00-19:30; Sunday: 11:00-18:00.)
Foyles Books
Dig, if you will, the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books. This legendary (传奇
的 ) bookshop is impossible to leave empty-handed. It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World
Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet. (107 Charing Cross Road. Monday-Saturday: 9:00-21:00;
Sunday: 11:30-18:00.) HatchardsIn the year 1797, this London bookshop—the oldest in the city today—first flicked on its lights. It
stocks an excellent selection of fiction, nonfiction, history and other genres. (187 Piccadilly Street.
Monday-Saturday: 09:30-20:00; Sunday: 12:00-18:30.)
London Review Bookshop
There’s an excellent selection of history, philosophy, politics, new fiction and many other genres here.
Plus, there’s a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading.
(14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)
21. Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records?
A. Daunt Books. B. Foyles Books. C. Hatchards. D. London Review Bookshop.
22. What is special about Hatchards?
A. It has a long history. B. It has 200,000 books.
C. It has a cafe. D. It has both fiction and nonfiction books.
23. Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee?
A. 83 Marylebone High Street. B. 107 Charing Cross Road.
C. 187 Piccadilly Street. D. 14 Bury Place.
B
I’m going to be completely honest. I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea
what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here.
Last summer a friend tagged me in a Facebook post from BBC Earth and encouraged me to apply to
the BBC Presenter Search 2018. The assignment was easy and hard, make a video shorter than 60 seconds
where you talk about something in science you think is cool. Simple concept, but for me it was challenging
as I want to talk about bryophytes(苔藓植物) forever (which is slightly longer than 60 seconds).
So I decided to make an attempt. I was going to make a 60 second video about sphagnum(水苔),
commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly known as an unsung climate hero. Sphagnum is the plant
genus that holds the most carbon in the world, it slowly builds up its carbon storage over hundreds of
thousands of years and if undisturbed, they never let go of the carbon they gathered.
Making a short video on this was hard because I wanted to include everything. And it became even
harder as I had no one to hold the camera. I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the
wind as a bird tried to chase me away from the mud. This chaos ended up as the video “Why sphagnum is awesome” on my channel. I submitted the video, but didn’t dare to write in the description section of the
video that it was a submission, because I never imagined that I could win!
But I did.
I waited two months before I could tell people that I had won the search, and when the news came out,
I received the most attention I’ve had in my entire life.
No matter your background, whether you want to pass the time or pass an exam, I really hope you
enjoy the video!
24. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?
A. She is uncertain about the result. B. She gets used to telling people lies.
C. She is unable to achieve the goal. D. She knows much about the ending.
25. Which of the following is NOT true about sphagnum?
A. It can form its carbon storage in a very slow way.
B. It is universally recognized as an unknown climate hero.
C. It won’t release the carbon without being disturbed.
D. It contains a large amount of carbon.
26. The underlined word “scrawniest” in Paragraph 4 probably means ___________.
A. weakest B. strongest C. shortest D. most energetic
27. What can we learn from the author’s story?
A. She shows great interest in filming the video.
B. Her knowledge helps overcome all the difficulties.
C. Her attitude and hard work pay off eventually.
D. She is more than delighted to gain the most attention.
C
If we want a fair shot at transitioning to renewable energy, we’ll need one critical thing:
technologies that can change electricity from wind and sun into a chemical fuel for storage and vice
versa (反之亦然). Commercial devices that do this exist, but most are costly and perform only half
of the expectation. Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both jobs. If larger
versions work as well, they would help make it possible—or at least more affordable—to run the
world on renewables.The market for such technologies has grown along with renewables: In 2007, solar and wind
provided just 0.8% of all power in the United States: in 2017, that number was 8%, according to the
U. S. Energy Information Administration. But the demand for electricity often doesn’t match the
supply from solar and wind. In sunny California, for example, solar panels regularly produce more
power than needed in the middle of the day, but none at night, after most workers and students
return home.
Some companies are beginning to install massive rows of batteries in hopes of storing extra
energy and balancing the financial sheet. But batteries are costly and store only enough energy to
back up the power system for a few hours at most. Another option is to store the energy by
transforming it into hydrogen fuel. Devices called electrolyzers ( 电 解 器 ) do this by using
electricity—ideally from solar and wind power—to break down water into oxygen and hydrogen
gas, a carbon-free fuel. A second set of devices called fuel cells can then transform that hydrogen
back to electricity to power cars, trucks, and buses, or to feed it to the power system. But
commercial electrolyzers and fuel cells use different catalysts ( 催 化 剂 ) to speed up the two
reactions, meaning a single device can t do both jobs. The researchers must conquer this.
“They did a really good job with that.” says Sossina Haile, a chemist at Northwestern
University in Evanston. Still, she holds a cautious view that both her new device and the one from
the O’Hayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology to have a societal impact,
researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces
performance.
28. What can we learn about the new device from the first paragraph?
A. Its universal use remains to be seen.
B. It is more expensive but more practical.
C. It can transform more renewable energy.
D. It is the most advanced around the world.
29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The rapid development of American technologies.
B. The potential market for energy transformation technologies.
C. The history of energy transformation technologies.D. The lack of power in California.
30. What may the researchers focus on next?
A. Lessening costly batteries.
B. Increasing the efficiency of the two reactions.
C. Looking for one shared catalysts for the two reactions.
D Breaking down water into a carbon-free fuel without using electricity.
31. What is Haile’s attitude to the future of the new device?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Critical. D. Cautious.
D
Take a walk through Washington and you’ll find plenty of marble memorials(纪念碑). But is that
what the future of the memorial-rich city holds? If the winners of a new design competition have their
way, probably not.
The Memorials for the Future design competition invited submissions (意见书) from teams
throughout the world. Though, the memorials selected won’t actually be built in the city, they were
intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future.
Climate Chronograph, the winning project by Team Azimuth Land Craft, greatly departs from
memorials as we know them. The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by
suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel. Just
100 years ago, the man-made island was part of the river. It came into existence after the National Park
Service decided to turn the confluence(合流点) of the waters into a tidal basin to protect the nearby
National Mall from floods.
Those floods are expected to come more and more often as the climate changes. Climate
Chronograph will memorialize those changes by planting cherry trees as a kind of tidal gauge(潮位计)
that can be used by future visitors to determine just how much water levels have risen.
The other winning projects include a project that frees mechanical parrots that fly over the
Jefferson Memorial and collect and retell stories about monuments，a podcast (播客) platform that puts
immigrant stories on public transportation, and an interactive memorial that brings national parks to the
D. C. Metro. The competition also produced a report that points to ways America can better
memorialize the things that matter—strategies that could help cities save money and space.That’s good news, especially given that D. C. ’s iconic Mall has been closed to new construction.
The memorials of the future won’t just turn collective memories toward the stories of new phenomena
and groups like climate change and immigrants. Rather, it seems that they’ll make use of space in new
creative ways—no marble needed.
32. What is the purpose of the design competition?
A. To select the best design team. B. To find new uses for old memorials.
C. To design new memorials for Washington. D. To explore new ways of experiencing
memorials.
33. What can be used to replace the underlined word “departs” in Paragraph 3?
A. Differs B. Benefits C. Suffers D. Learns
34. What do we know about Climate Chronograph?
A. It will be located in a park.
B. It will be built after the competition.
C. It clearly shows the effects of climate change.
D. It uses high-tech equipment to measure climate change.
35. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A memorial to a sad future. B. Marble memorials are out of date.
C. Climate Chronograph, memorial for our future. D. What will the memorials of the future look
like?
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling with kids, regardless of the age, is a terrible thing for new parents. Responsibility is high
and travel expenses might be unexpected at any point of the trip. If you are planning your first road trip or
vacation with children, there are several important things to consider.
Get a child locator. 36 and many parents sometimes lose their kids Popular tourist
destinations are overcrowded, too. So, if you are afraid of losing your children, get a child locator to be
aware of where your kids are going when they accidentally get lost.
37 You do not need to pack tons of toys, sweets and a tablet full of games in order to keep
your little ones entrained. You can encourage them to create a travel journal or smash book, read, tell each other stories, or give them a camera to capture the most precious moments during your trip. 38
39 This is a must even during the shortest road trip. You can handle a headache, but your child
can’t. If you do not know what to put in your first aid kit (急救箱), consult your children’s doctor, because
all children are different and the medicines either.
Apart from the above, money, passport, avoiding heavy luggage, pick a family-friendly destination
and family friendly accommodation are also needed. Traveling with kids is exciting and interesting. Your
first trip might not be so exciting, but with a careful preparation, your family trip will be the most
memorable one. 40
A. Keep them careful
B. Keep them entertained
C. Pack a small, kid-friendly first aid kit.
D. Board games might be a god choice, too
E. Airports and train stations are usually overcrowded.
F. Avoiding your little ones in the panning of the trip is a good idea.
G. Involve your little ones in the planning of the trip, which will help you
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
It was 1933. I had been laid off my part-time job and could no longer make my 41
to the family larder(食品贮藏柜). Our only income was what Mother could make by doing
dressmaking for others.
Then Mother was 42 for a few weeks and unable to work. The electric company
cut off the power 43 we couldn’t pay the bill. Then the gas company cut off the gas.
Then the 44 company. But the Health Department made them 45 the
water back on for reasons of sanitation(卫生设备) The cupboard got very bare. 46 we
had vegetable garden and were able to cook some of its 47 in a campfire in the
backyard.
Then one day my younger sister came tripping 48 from school, saying: "We’re supposed to 49 something to school tomorrow to give to the poor.
Mother started to blurt out, "I don’t know of anyone who is 50 poorer than
we are," when her mother, who was living with us at the time, shushed (嘘) her with hand on her
arm and 51
“Eva,” she said, "if you 52 that child the idea that she is one of the poor
folks’ 53 her age, she will be one of the poor folks’ for the rest of her
54 . There is one jar of that homemade jelly 55 . She can take that.
Grandmother 56 our last jar of jelly with some tissue paper and a little bit of
pink ribbon, and Sis 57 to school the next day 58 carrying her
“gift to the poor”.
And, 59 if there was a problem in the community, Sis just naturally
assumed that she was supposed to be part of the 60 .
41. A. money B. bed C. way D. contribution
42. A. absent B. sick C. upset D. dangerous
43. A. until B. before C. when D. if
44. A. gas B. water C. electric D. business
45. A. turn B. return C. rebuild D. look
46. A. Therefore B. Eventually C. Undoubtedly D. Fortunately
47. A. produce B. goods C. food D. meals
48. A. garden B. homework C. home D. dress
49. A. sell B. transport C. buy D. take
50. A. many B. any C. much D. a few
51. A. nod B. kiss C. frown D. bite
52. A. give B. think C. ensure D. form
53. A. despite B. for C. at D. in
54. A. life B. school C. childhood D. adolescence
55. A. belonged B. left C. occupied D. possessed
56. A. provided B. filled C. purchased D. wrapped
57. A. put B. sent C. set D. tripped58. A. desperately B. proudly C. hurriedly D. unwillingly
59. A. as ever B. ever before C. ever after D. for ever
60. A. solution B. community C. society D. world
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 l5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The lives of children from rich and poor American families look ___61___(different) than ever before,
Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children___62___(participate)in ballet, soccer and
after-school programs, according to___63___new Pew Research Center survey. There___64___(be)usually
two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying___65___their anxiety levels and
tight schedules.
In poor families. however, children tend___66___(spend) their time at home or with extended family
the survey has found. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods ___67___their parents say aren’t
great raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot being beaten up___68___going
against the law.
Researchers say at present the class differences in raising up children___69___(widen)inequality.
Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic___70___ (divide),
especially because education is strongly linked to earnings.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处
语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
The first person I met in my high school was my deskmate, with that I fell in love at first sight.She was warm-hearted and always wore a honest smile on her face. I was homesick in the first few
days, unable to adjust the new school. It was with her help which I got familiar with the school. However,
what impressed me most was her diligence and determine. When faced with a challenge in study, she
would try out her best to solve it. Whenever I was in trouble, she would encourage myself and help me out.
But for her encouragement, I wouldn’t have progressed so fast and steady.
Have so nice a girl as my friend is great luck for me. May our friendship lasts forever.
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
假设你是李华，你和外国朋友 Tom 约好这个周五晚上去体育馆看足球赛，但你因故不能 赴约
请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
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__________________________________________【答案】1—5 CBAAC 6—10 CABBC 11—15 BCAAB 16—20 BBCAC
【解析】听力原文
Text 1
W: Excuse me. Do you know where I can find a café around here? (1)
M: There’s one right next to the museum down the block. They have wonderful coffee. There’s also
one in the park about a mile away with an outside seating area.
Text 2
W: How much do you pay every month for your phone bill?
M: It’s hard to say exactly. I share an unlimited call, text, and Internet plan with my family, but the
taxes and extra fees are slightly different every month. (2) But it’s about $50, give or take a couple dollars.
Text 3
M: Where did you find that hat? I’ve been looking for one just like it.
W: I bought it online. It’s perfect for the summer months because of its wide shape. I used to wear
baseball hats until I realize they don’t protect your entire face from the sun. (3)
Text 4
M: You’re looking a little stressed.
W: I have a million things to do, and all of them have to be finished within three hours. (4)
Text 5
M: Can you pass the salt, please? This soup is good, but it is a little plain. (5)
W: I put so much salt in here when I was making it! Maybe it got watered down. Here, try putting in
some pepper instead and tell me what you think.
Text 6
W: Can I get these shoes, please?
M: Are you joking? Those shoes are six hundred dollars!
W: But all the cool girls at school have them! (6)
M: Well, the answer is no. And you’d never be able to walk in shoes like that. Those heels must be
around five inches tall.
W: High heels are super “in” right now. (6) Uncle Tim bought some for Samantha! I’ll do extra chores!
Please? (7) M: No way. Do you know how many chores you’d have to do to afford those? (7) Look at these over
here. They’re sixty dollars and have a low heel, so you can walk in them without getting uncomfortable.
Text 7
W: What are you reading?
M: It’s a new children’s book called Sail Away by Langston Hughes.
W: Isn’t he a poet?
M: Yes. The book is a collection of his poems about the ocean. The artist Ashley Bryan created a
bunch of pictures made out of paper to go with the poems, (8) and he’s ninety-two years old!
W: Wow! How old is Langston Hughes? (9)
M: He’s not alive anymore. He died in 1967 when he was only sixty-five. (9) Ashley Bryan has done a
lot of performances of Langston Hughes’s poems, and he wanted to provide artwork for a book of them.
When he started out in 1962, he was the first African American to publish a children’s book as an author
and artist. He was forty years old. Now, he’s won many awards and has more than twenty books out.
Text 8
W: Hi, Mr. Smith.
M: Hi, Debra. I just dropped by to see how you’re getting along with your packing. Need any help?
(10)
W: No, everything’s OK. Thanks. But I’ve got a lot more things to take home than I’d thought. It’ll
probably be a little overweight.
M: You know that as long as the two cases are less than 40 kg, that’s all right for flights to America.
(11) You can have a handbag and a small backpack as carry-ons, too.
W: Then that won’t be a problem.
M: Now, when did you say your flight leaves? (12)
W: Let me see...at 10:30 a.m. (12)
M: I’ll come by and pick you up at 8:30 a.m. Then we can arrive early enough to check in without
rushing.
W: Thanks, Mr. Smith. You don’t have to bother, though. I can call a taxi.
M: Look, I don’t have anything scheduled for tomorrow morning, so it won’t be any trouble picking
you up.W: Good old Mr. Smith: always so helpful!
Text 9
M: Bonnie, I’m super nervous right now.
W: Why, what’s up? I thought you were flying down to L.A. today. Are you afraid of flying or
something?
M: No, I fly all the time. It’s just that I’m doing my biggest interview of my entire career tomorrow,
(13) (15) and I don’t want to mess it up.
W: Come on, you’ve been at the magazine for more than a year. Your editor wouldn’t send you down
there unless he had confidence in your abilities. Who is the interview with? (13)
M: Quentin Tarantino.
W: Uh…what? Quentin Tarantino? The director? Are you serious?
M: Yeah!
W: Oh, my God! I can’t believe this! Pulp Fiction is my favorite movie of all time, (14) and Kill Bill
might be number two. And even my parents liked Jackie Brown. He’s, like, A-list famous! He might be the
best director of the last twenty years.
M: Do you see now why I’m nervous?
W: Yes, I’d be scared out of my mind if I were you. But this will be good for your career. Hey, there is
something that I still don’t understand.
M: What? (16)
W: Why on earth did Quentin Tarantino agree to do an interview for your magazine, Trevor?
M: What’s that supposed to mean? (16)
W: Um…never mind. (16) Good luck down there! Get a good night’s sleep tonight because Saturday
will be the biggest day of your life! (15)
Text 10
Hello, and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities
and operating hours. First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and other resources
are found on Level 1 to Level 4 of this building. Our humanities and map collections are on Level 1. On
Level 2, you will find current magazines and journals, and our copy machines. (17) Our science and engineering sections can be found on Level 3. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection and the
multimedia center are located on Level 4.
Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check
out fifteen books for two months. (18) Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50-cent-a-day late
fee for overdue books, up to a maximum of $15. (19) Magazines and reference books cannot be checked
out. The library is open weekdays from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m., (20) and on Saturdays from 9:00 a.m. to
8:30 p.m. The library is closed on Sundays.
21.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中 It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records.可知，
Foyles Books 被列入 Guinness Book of World Records 之中。故选 B。
22.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第四段中 In the year 1797, this London bookshop—the oldest in the city
today—first flicked on its lights.可知，Hatchards，这座城市最古老的的书店，1979 年第一次营业。所
以 Hachards 的特别之处是它历史悠久。故选 A。
23.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段 there’s a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著)
for the first time and start reading (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)可
知，在 14 Bury Place。你可以边喝咖啡边看书。故选 D。
24.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。由第一段 I have no idea how I ended up with this opportunity, I have no idea
what I’m doing, but I am very happy to be here 可知，作者不知道自己在这样的机会下，是怎么做
到的，也不知道自己在做什么，但很开心可以出现在这里。从作者的描述中可以看到作者对结
果不确定。故选 A。
25.【答案】B
【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段 sphagnum(水苔), commonly known as peat moss and uncommonly
known as an unsung climate hero 可知水苔通常被当成泥煤苔（peat moss），而很少被当成被埋没
的气候英雄。B 选项意为水苔作为气候英雄被知晓，与文章的表达相反。故选 B。
【解析】词义猜测题。由 I tied my camera to the scrawniest little tree, swinging in the wind 可知作
者把摄像机系到一棵随风摇动的树上，说明这课树并不高大，而是弱小的。故选 A。26.【答案】A
27.【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文中作者知道拍摄 30 秒的视频很难，但依然认真拍摄且投稿，并最终获
奖，说明作者态度和努力工作最终得到了回报。故选 C。
28.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both
jobs. If larger versions work as well, they would help make it possible—or at least more
affordable—to run the world on renewables.”可知，现在，研究人员已经创造出了同时具备这两种
功能的实验室规模的设备。如果更大的版本也能发挥作用，它们将有助于使世界上使用可再生
能源成为可能——或者至少更经济实惠。所以通过关键词“ small lab-scale devices ，if 引导的条
件状语从从句”可以推断出，这种新装置大规模地投入使用还需拭目以待。故选 A 项。
29.【答案】B
【 解 析 】 主 旨 大 意 题 。 由 第 二 段 “The market for such technologies has grown along with
renewables”可知，这类技术的市场随着可再生能源的发展而增长以及对市场增长的具体介绍可
知，第二段主要说明这个新装置潜在的市场很大。故选 B 项。
30.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。由第三段“But commercial electrolyzers and fuel cells use different catalysts (催
化剂) to speed up the two reactions, meaning a single device can t do both jobs. The researchers must
conquer this.”可知，但是商业电解器和燃料电池用不同的催化剂加速这两种反应，这意味着一个
设备不能同时做这两件事。研究人员必须攻克这个难题。这个难题是必须攻克的，也是研究人
员下一步要集中解决的问题。所以推断出，接下来研究人员会主攻这两种反应能够共用的催化
剂。故选 C 项。
31.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, she holds a cautious view that both her new device and the
one from the O’Hayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology to have a societal
impact, researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces
performance.”可知，不过，她提醒说，她的新设备和来自奥海雷实验室小型的实验室演示。为
了让这项技术产生社会影响，
研究人员需要增加这种纽扣大小设备的产量，但是这一过程通常会降低其性能。所以通过 Haile的观点可以推断出，她对这个新装置的未来持谨慎的态度，虽然实验室成功了，但并不代表量
产就没有问题。没有盲目自信也没有消极放弃。故选 D 项。
32.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 Though, the memorials selected won’t actually be built in the
city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future.
（尽管如此，所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未
来如何看待纪念碑而设计的。）可知设计比赛的目的是探索纪念碑体验的新方式。故选 D。
33.【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。结合后文 The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by
suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel.可
知该项目通过在 Hains Point(位于 Potomac 河和华盛顿海峡之间)建造一座纪念碑来纪念气候变
化的有害影响。这与人们通常理解意义上的纪念碑有很大不同，故划线单词意思为“不同于”。
故选 A。
34.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中 The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change
by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point…（该项目通过在 Hains Point 建立纪念碑来纪念气候变
化的有害影响……）可知 Climate Chronograph 清楚地显示了气候变化的影响。故选 C。
35.【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中 Though, the memorials selected won’t actually be built in the
city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future.
（尽管如此，所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未
来如何看待纪念碑而设计的。）以及结合文章主要内容可知主要为以 Climate Chronograph 为例
来说明未来的纪念碑可能出现的方式，故 D 选项“未来的纪念碑会是什么样子?”符合文章标题。
故选 D。
36. 【答案】E
【 解 析 】 根 据 下 文 and many parents sometimes lose their kids. Popular tourist destinations are
overcrowded, too.（很多父母有时会失去他们的孩子。受欢迎的旅游景点也过于拥挤。）可知本
空为描述一个过于拥挤的场所，其中 overcrowded 对应到 E 选项中 Airports and train stations are
usually overcrowded.（机场和火车站通常人满为患。）代入符合语境，故选 E。37. 【答案】B
【解析】 根据下文 You do not need to pack tons of toys, sweets and a tablet full of games in order to
keep your little ones entertained.（你不需要打包成吨的玩具，糖果和一个充满游戏的平板电脑，
以保持你的孩子的注意力。）中 entertained 可对应到 B 选项中 Keep them entertained（让他们保
持开心）。代入符合语境，故选 B。
38. 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文 You can encourage them to create a travel journal or smash book, read, tell each
other stories, or give them a camera to capture the most precious moments during your trip.（你可以
鼓励他们写一本旅行日志或一本好书，互相阅读、讲故事，或者给他们一个相机，捕捉旅途中
最珍贵的时刻。）可知是提出记录旅程的方式，故 D 选项“棋盘游戏可能也是一个不错的选择”代
入符合语境。故选 D。
39. 【答案】C
【解析】根据本段最后一句 If you do not know what to put in your first aid kit, consult your
children’s doctor, because all children are different and the medicines either.（如果你不知道该在急
救箱里放些什么，请咨询你孩子的医生，因为所有的孩子都是不同的，药物也是不同的。）可推
知本段是建议准备儿童急救箱。故选 C“打包一个适合儿童使用的小急救箱”。
40. 【答案】G
【解析】根据上文 Your first trip might not be so exciting, but with a careful preparation, your family
trip will be the most memorable one.（你的第一次旅行可能没有那么令人兴奋，但经过精心准备，
你的家庭旅行将是最难忘的一次。）中 your family trip 可对应到 G 选项中 planning of the trip 。
表示“让你的孩子参与这次旅行的计划，这会对你有帮助”。故选 G。
41.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我丢掉了兼职工作，无法为养家糊口继续贡献力量。A.
money 钱；B. bed 床；C. way 道路，方法； D. contribution 贡献。由下句论述家里的唯一收
入是妈妈为别人做衣服挣的钱，可知这里是我没有办法为家里做贡献。make money 意为“挣
钱”，不符合句意。make one’s contribution to 意为“对……做出贡献”，符合句意。故选 D。
42.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：后来母亲病了几周,无法工作。A. absent 缺席，离开；B. sick
生病的；C. upset 心烦的，混乱的；D. dangerous 危险的。由 and 后“母亲无法工作”可知，母亲是生病了。故选 B。
43.【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：当我们无法支付电费的时候电力公司切断了电源。
这是一个时间状语从句，A. until 直到；B. before 在……之前；C. when 当……的时候；D. if 如
果。根据常识，当你交不起电费的时候，电力公司才会断电。故选 C。
44. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：先是电力公司断电、然后是煤气公司停了煤气，最后是
水利公司。A. gas 煤气；B. water 水；C. electric 电力；D. business 商务。由下句中讲述的卫生部
让他们恢复水可知，这里停的是水。故选 B。
45.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：但卫生部因为公共卫生的原因让他们给我们放了水。A. turn
转动；B. return 返回；C. rebuild 重建；D. look 看。我们知道水电的供应都是打开一个供应阀，
故用 turn…on（打开，开通）。故选 A。
46.【答案】D
【解析】考查副词。句意：幸运的是,我们家种了个菜园,我们还能在后院生火用菜园
的农产品做菜充饥。A. Therefore 因此；B. Eventually 最终；C. Undoubtedly 毫无疑问的；D.
Fortunately 幸运地。这句话中的有菜可吃与前边的食厨空了形成对比，所以是一件很幸运的
事。故选 D。
47.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. produce 农产品；B. goods 商品；C. food 食物；
D. meals 饭。由于空格前的 its 指代 the vegetable garden，且菜园直接的产物是一些农产品，
不能直接生产食物与饭。故选 A。
48.【答案】C
【解析】考查副词。句意：一天妹妹欢快地从学校回来说：“明天我们要带些东西去
学校，送给穷人。” A. garden 花园；B. homework 家庭作业；C. home 家；D. dress 连衣裙。
由于妹妹从学校回来，并且回来跟家人说，所以说说妹妹是回到家。故选 C。
49【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. sell 卖；B. transport 运输；C. buy 买；D. take
拿，带走。由“to school（带去学校）”与“give to the poor（送给穷人）”可知是要带去学校。并且此空格与下文中的“She can take that”呼应。故选 D。
50.【答案】B
【解析】考查比较级的修饰语。句意：我不知道还有谁比我们更穷。空格位于形容词
比较级 poorer 前，应用副词来修饰。选项中只有 any 与 much 可用来修饰比较级，much 用于
肯定句中，在否定句、疑问句或条件句中，一般用 any 修饰比较级。故选 B。
51.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：当时和我们住在一起的外婆赶忙用手抓住她的手臂,皱
了皱眉制止了她。A. nod 点头；B. kiss 吻；C. frown 皱眉，不同意；D. bite 咬。由外婆的话
可知，外婆不同意妈妈的做法，所以应该是皱着眉头说。故选 C。
52.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：如果你给那孩子在她这个年纪就认为自己是“穷人”中
的一员，那她一生都会是一个穷人。A. give 给；B. think 认为；C. ensure 确信；D. form 形
成。“give sb. the idea/impression that”意为“给某人以……的想法/印象”。故选 A。
53.【答案】C
【解析】考查介词。句意同上。A. despite 尽管；B. for 因为，作为；C. at 在；D. in
在……里边；这里强调妹妹小时候这个时间节点，使用介词 at。故选 C。
54.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. life 生命、人生；B. school 学校；C. childhood
童年时期；D. adolescence 青春期。从文章最后描述的这个事对妹妹以后生活的影响，可知外
婆强调的是对孩子一生（life）的影响。故选 A。
55.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：家里还剩一瓶自制果酱。A. belonged 属于；B. left 留
下，剩下；C. occupied 使用中的；D. possessed 拥有的。下句外婆说妹妹可以拿走，所以这里
指还留下一些。故选 B。
56.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. solution 解决方案；B. community 社区；C. society
社会；D. world 世界。文章的主旨是你永远是问题的解决办法，而不是问题。故选 A。
57.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：第二天，妹妹带上这份“送给穷人的礼物” 欢快且自豪地去了学校。A. put 放；B. sent 送；C. set 使处于，使开始；D. tripped 脚步轻快地走（或跑或
跳）。此空格与前文中的 tripping home from school 呼应。故选 D。
58.【答案】B
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意同上。A. desperately 绝望地；B. proudly 自豪地；C.
hurriedly 匆忙地；D. unwillingly 不情愿地。由于妹妹拿着给穷人的礼物去学校了，所以应
该是感到很自豪的。故选 B。
59.【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：从此以后，只要社区有困难，妹妹自然而然地就会觉
得自己应该是解决困难的人中的一员。A. as ever 同往常一样；B. ever before 以前；C. ever after
从此一直；C. for ever 永远。这句话强调这个事件对妹妹以后生活的影响。故选 C。
60.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：外婆用一些包装纸和一点儿粉红色缎带，将我们仅剩
的一瓶果酱包好。A. provided 提供；B. filled 装；C. purchased 购买；D. wrapped 包裹。由
于妹妹要带去学校，所以外婆给她包好果酱。故选 D。
61.【答案】more different
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：美国贫富家庭子女的生活差异，看起来比以往
任何时候都大。由“than”可知，应填 different 的比较级 more different。故填 more different 。
62.【答案】participating
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：皮尤研究中心的一项新调查发现，富裕家庭完全按
日程安排行事，子女跳芭蕾、踢足球、参加课外项目。分析句子可知，本句中涉及 with 的复合
结构。在 with 的复合结构中，children 和 participate 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词
participating。故填 participating 。
63.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：皮尤研究中心的一项新调查发现，富裕家庭完全按日程
安排行事，子女跳芭蕾、踢足球、参加课外项目。第一次提到这家调查中心，表示"一个"，用
a/an,又因为 new 首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠词 a。故填 a。
64.【答案】are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这些家庭通常是双亲家庭，家长会花大量时间给子女读书，并且担心他们的焦虑程度和紧张的日程安排。分析句子可知，本句为 There be 句型，
为完全倒装句，主语为 two parents，所以 be 动词为 are。故填 are 。
65.【答案】about
【解析】考查介词。句意：这些家庭通常是双亲家庭，家长会花大量时间给子女读
书，并且担心他们的焦虑程度和紧张的日程安排。worry about “担心”为固定短语。故填 about 。
66.【答案】to spend
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：调查还发现，贫困家庭的孩子往往待在家中或在
大家庭中消磨时光。tend to do 表示"倾向于做某事，往往会" 为固定短语。故填 to spend。
67.【答案】which/that
【解析】考查关系代词。句意：他们成长的社区更可能被父母形容为不适合养育孩
子，而父母会担心他们遭枪击、挨打或参与违法活动。分析句子可知，neighborhoods 为先行词
指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为 that/which。 故填 that/which 。
68.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意：他们成长的社区更可能被父母形容为不适合养育孩子，
而父母会担心他们遭枪击、挨打或参与违法活动。getting shot，beaten up 和 in trouble with the law
是选择关系，所以用连词 or 来连接。 故填 or。
69.【答案】are widening
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：研究者认为，子女抚养方面的阶级差异正在扩大，
这是不平等现象加剧的一个征兆。由“at present”可知，本句为现在进行时，主语为 the class
differences，谓语为 are widening。 故填 are widening。
70.【答案】division(s)
【解析】考查名词。句意：不同的养育方式会将孩子置于不同的发展路径，并加深
社会经济的差距，尤其是教育与收入有很大的关联。socioeconomic 为形容词修饰名词 division(s)。
故填 division(s)。
短文改错
1. 【答案】that → whom
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，修饰先行词
deskmate，且做介词 with 的宾语，指人应关系代词用 whom。故 that 改为 whom。
2. 【答案】a → an【解析】考查冠词。honest 为元音音素开头的单词，故应用不定冠词 an。故 a 改为 an。
3. 【答案】adjust 后加 to
【解析】考查固定短语。固定短语 adjust to“适应于……”，故 adjust 后加 to。
4. 【答案】which→ that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：正是在她的帮助下，我才熟悉了这所学校。分析句子结构可知
本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，本句中强调的是 with her help，故用
that。故 which 改为 that。
5. 【答案】determine →determination
【解析】考查名词。句意：然而，给我印象最深的是她的勤奋和决心。根据上文 her diligence
and 可知应用名词形式，表示“决心”。故 determine 改为 determination。
6. 【答案】out 删掉
【解析】考查固定短语。短语 try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，故 out 删掉。
7. 【答案】myself → me 考查代词。
【解析】此处做动词 help 的宾语，指“帮助我”应用第一人称宾格形式 me，故 myself 改为
me。
8. 【答案】steady → steadily 考查副词。
【解析】此处修饰动词 progress 应用副词，故 steady 改为 steadily。
9. 【答案】Have →Having
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句缺少主语，需用动名词短语做主语，故 Have
改为 Having。
10. 【答案】lasts → last
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：愿我们的友谊天长地久。may 为情态动词，后跟动词原形，
故 lasts 改为 last。
作文
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I’m so sorry to say that I can't go to watch the football match with you as scheduled this Friday
night. This afternoon, I suddenly received the news that my grandfather fell down and broke his left leg.
Since my father is on a business trip and won’t come back next Monday; my mother needs to look after my little sister at home, so I have to take the responsibility of taking care of my grandfather in the hospital
these nights.
I have heard that there will be a match which is more exciting next Friday night. I wonder whether you
are available then. If you are free, we can make an appointment to watch that football
match.
Y
ours,
L
i Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
第 1 步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假设你是李华，你和外国朋友 Tom 约好这
个周五晚上去体育馆看足球赛，但你因故不能 赴约 请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：1.
表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间时态应为一般现在时。
第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； suddenly（突然），responsibility（责任），available
（有空的），exciting（精彩的），appointment（约定）及 wonder（想知道）等。
第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了
很高的驾驭英语的能力。
范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有 as
scheduled（如期），fall down（跌倒），be on a business trip (出差)，look after（照顾），take the responsibil
ity of（承担……的责任），take care of（照顾）以及 make an appointment（约定），而且还使用了
宾语从句“I’m so sorry to say that I can't go to watch the football match with you as scheduled this
Friday night.”及“I wonder whether you are available then.”，同位语从句“This afternoon, I suddenly
received the news that my grandfather fell down and broke his left leg.”，状语从句“Since my father
is on a business trip and won’t come back next Monday; my mother needs to look after my little
sister at home, I have to take the responsibility of taking care of my grandfather in the hospital t
hese nights.”及“If you are free, we can make an appointment to watch that football match.”，定语从句“I have heard that there will be a match which is more exciting next Friday night.”，全文没
有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
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