专题一 2020 全国卷Ⅰ-2020 年高考阅读理解真题词汇和长难句解读
（解析版）
2020 全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解 A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For
ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of
connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property（失物招领）
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost
property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day,
Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate
to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30
anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance,
please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am
21. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink.com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【词汇】
1.possession 2. valid 3. ensure
4. guarantee 5. schedule 6. operate
7. access 8. entrance 9. assistance
10. property
1.possession n. 拥有；财产；所有；殖民地
2. Valid adj. 有效的；有根据的；合法的；正当的
3. Ensure vt. 担保；保证；使安全；确保
4. Guarantee n. 保证；保证书；担保；担保人；抵押品 vt. 保证；担保
5. Schedule n. 时间表，日程；一览表；计划 v. 预定；安排；编制目录
6. Operate v. 操作；运转；经营；动手术
7. Access n. 入口；通道 n. 接近(的机会)；使用之权 vt. 进入；(电脑)存取
8. Entrance n. 入口；进入；登场；进入权 vt. 使入迷；使狂喜
9. Assistance n. 援助；帮助
10. property n. 财产；所有物；地产，房地产；性质；道具
【长难句】
1.All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.
【句子分析】主干部分：All customers must be in possession of a valid ticket
分词短语做定语：travelling on TransLink services
时间状语：before boarding.
【翻译】所有使用 TransLink 服务的客户在登机前必须持有有效机票。
2. While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of
connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
【句子分析】主干部分：there can be no guarantee of connections
介词短语做定语：between trains or between train services and bus services.
让步状语从句：While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled
【翻译】虽然昆士兰铁路公司尽一切努力确保列车按计划运行，但无法保证列车之间或列车服务与公共汽
车服务之间的连接。
2020 全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解 B
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome
familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But
books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s
true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now
and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull
their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s
A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating
(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the
Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight:
Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I
attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is
the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But
remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
24. Why does the author like rereading?
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
B. It’s a window to a whole new world.
C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?
A. It’s a brief account of a trip.
B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
C. It’s a record of a historic event.
D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Debt. B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
27. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor. C. He’s very ambitious. D. He teaches reading.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A
【词汇】
1. familiarity 2. suspicion 3. transformative
4. mental 5. register 6. annually
7. ambitious 8. attach 9. currency
10. evaluate 11. substitute 12. extend
13. brief 14.account 15. event
16.debt 17. reward 18. allowance
19. face value 20 editor
1. familiarity n. 亲密；熟悉；精通；不拘礼节
2. Suspicion n. 猜疑；怀疑
3. Transformative adj. 起改造作用的；有改革能力的
4. Mental adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；脑力的 n. 精神病患者
5. Register v. 登记；记录；注册；挂号 n. 登记簿；记录；暂存器 n. [语]语域；[音]音域通风调节设备
6. Annually adv. 每年；年年
7. Ambitious adj. 有雄心的；野心勃勃的；有抱负的
8. Attach v. 附上；系上；贴上；使依附；使附属；使附着
9. Currency n. 货币；流通
10. Evaluate vt. 评价；评估
11. Substitute n. 代用品；代替者；替补队员 vt. 代替；用 ... 代替；代以
12. Extend v. 延伸；延长；伸展；扩展；提供；使竭尽全力
13. brief adj. 短暂的；短期的；简短的；扼要的 n. 摘要；案件陈述 vt. 作…的概述；（向…）简单介绍
14.account n. 账户；帐目；赊账；老主顾；报告；描述；解释；说明；估计；理由；利益；好处；根据 v. 解
释；导致；报账；把 ... 视为；归咎(于)
15. Event n. 大事；事件；项目
16.Debt n. 债务；恩情；负债状态；义务；罪
17. Reward n. 报答；赏金；报酬 vt. 奖赏；给 ... 报酬
18. Allowance n. 零用钱；津贴；限额，定量；允许；折扣；考虑
19. Face value n. 票面价值；表面价值
20 editor n. 编辑；编者；影片剪辑装置
【长难句】
1.Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.
【句子分析】主干部分 Returning to a book can feel like drinks with an old friend.
分词短语做主语：Returning to a book
定语从句：you’ve read many times（省略 that）,先行词 book
【翻译】回到一本你读了很多遍的书，感觉就像和一个老朋友喝酒一样。
2.There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus
the relationship.
【句子分析】主干部分：There’s a familiarity-but also a suspicion
定语从句：that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship，先行词 suspicion ；and 连接 you both 和
relationship 共同做 has changed 的宾语。
【翻译】这是一种可喜的熟悉，但有时也会有一点怀疑，时间改变了你们俩，从而改变了你们的关系。
3. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.
【句子分析】主干部分：The beauty lies in the idea
定语从句：that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.先行词 idea
【翻译】重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。
4. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and
reader.
【句子分析】主干部分：It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now
宾语从句：what one contributes to the now，and 连接 the now 和宾语从句共同做 about 的宾语。
原因状语从句：because reading is a give and take between author and reader.
【翻译】它是关于现在和一个人对现在的贡献，因为阅读是作者和读者之间的一种交换。
5. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler
time.
【句子分析】主干部分：The language is almost intoxicating
非谓语动词短语做状语：an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.
【翻译】语言几乎令人陶醉，一位年老的作家回顾着一个雄心勃勃但却简单的时代。
6. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach
to them.
【句子分析】主干部分：these three were given to me as gifts
让步状语从句：While I tend to buy a lot of books
非限制性定语从句：which might add to the meaning I attach to them. which 指前面 these three （三本书）。
【翻译】虽然我倾向于买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我对它们的理解。
7. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest
currency a reader can pay them.
【句子分析】主干部分：But I imagine
宾语从句：that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency
a reader can pay them.
从句中 while 引导让步状语从句，
从句主干 rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.其中现在分词短语做主语
rereading an author’s work；定语从句 a reader can pay them（省略 that）修饰 currency。
【翻译】但是我想，虽然金钱确实是美好的，也是必要的，但是重读作者的作品是读者能够支付给他们的
最高货币。
8. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
【句子分析】主干部分：But remember
宾语从句：it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.（省略 that）
强调句：it’s you that…强调 you
【翻译】但是记住，是你必须成长，阅读和重读，以便更好地理解你的朋友。
2020 全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解 C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to
fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the
50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race
walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at
all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg,
an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers
moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately
twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000
or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her
research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do
not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among
race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a
history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking
should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some
practice.
28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
29. What advantage does race walking have over running?
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises.
31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【词汇】
1. fitness 2. benefit 3. conditioned
4. require 5. attractive 6.assistant
7. calculation 8. approximately 9. Pound
10. associate 11. considerable 12. cautious
13. adopt 14. consult 15. qualify
16. swing 17. effective 18. Hire
19. skeptical 20. objective 21. tolerant
22. conservative
1. fitness n. 健康；适合
2. Benefit n. 利益；津贴；义演；保险金；借助 vt. 有益于；得益
3. Conditioned adj. 有条件的；受限制的；被调整的
4. Require v. 要求；需要；命令；规定
5. attractive adj. 有吸引力的；有魅力的
6.assistant n. 助手，助理，助教；【化】（用于染色的）助剂 adj. 副的；辅助的
7. Calculation n. 计算；估计；深思熟虑
8. Approximately adv. 大约；近似地
9. Pound n. 磅；英镑 n. （汽车）扣押所；宠物收留所 vt. 捣碎；敲打；连续猛击 vi. 咚咚地走；怦怦地响
10. Associate vt. 联想；联合 n. 伙伴；同事；同伴 adj. 副的；共事的；有联系的 n. 准学士学位获得者 vi. 交往
11. Considerable adj. 重要的；相当大的；可观的
12. Cautious adj. 谨慎的；十分小心的
13. Adopt v. 采用；收养；接受
14. Consult v. 查阅；请教；商讨；就诊
15. Qualify vt. 使具备资格；描述；[语]修饰 vi. 取得资格；合格
16. Swing n. 摇摆；改变；冲力；秋千 v. 摇摆；旋转；动摇
17. Effective adj. 有效的；生效的；实际的
18. Hire v. 雇用；出租 n. 租金；雇用；租用
19. Skeptical adj. 怀疑的
20. Objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的 n. 目标；目的；[物]物镜；[语]宾语
21. Tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的
22. Conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的 n. 保守派(党)；保守的人
【长难句】
1. Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer
injuries.
【句子分析】主干部分：Race walking shares benefits with running
时间状语从句：while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.
【翻译】研究显示，竞走与跑步有许多健身好处，而且很可能减少受伤。
2. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five
miles longer than the marathon.
【句子分析】主干部分：The longest track and field event is the 50-kilometer race walk
非限制性定语从句：which is about five miles longer than the marathon.修饰 race walk。
【翻译】夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是 50 公里竞走，比马拉松长约 5 英里。
3. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot
remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times.
【句子分析】主干部分：the sport’s rules require that
宾语从句：that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接
触) with the ground at all times.
两个宾语从句由 and 连接①that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing
②that one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times.
【翻译】但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持笔直，一只脚始终与地面接触
（触）。
4. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an
assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
【句子分析】主干部分：this strange form makes race walking an attractive activity
强调句：It’s this strange form that…强调主语
【翻译】然而，马萨诸塞州塞勒姆市塞勒姆州立大学运动科学助理教授 jaclynnorberg 说，正是这种奇怪的
形式使竞走成为一种吸引人的活动。
5. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800
calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
【句子分析】主干部分：race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路
里) per hour
分词短语做主语：race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour
非限制性定语从句：which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,修饰 calories
让步状语从句：although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
非限制性定语从句：which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.修饰 running
【翻译】根据大多数计算，竞走运动员以每小时 6 英里的速度运动，每小时将燃烧 800 卡路里，这大约是
他们步行所消耗热量的两倍，虽然比跑步要少，但每小时可能燃烧约 1000 卡路里或更多。
6. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while
race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
【句子分析】主干部分：runners hit the ground while race walkers create about 1.4 times。While 连接两个句子，
表示对比。
介词短语做状语：with as much as four times their body weight per step
定语从句：who do not leave the ground 修饰 race walkers
【翻译】根据她的研究，跑步者每一步落地的重量是他们体重的四倍，而不离开地面的竞走者每走一步产
生的重量只有他们体重的 1.4 倍。
7. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of
such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
【句子分析】主干部分：the sport’s strange form place stress on the ankles and hips
强调句：the sport’s strange form does place …does 强调谓语动词 place
结果状语从句：so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
介词短语做定语：with a history of such injuries
【翻译】但这项运动奇特的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，因此有过此类损伤史的人在接受
这项运动时可能需要谨慎。
8. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn
proper technique, she says.
【句子分析】主干部分：anyone should consult a coach or experienced racer
分词作定语：wishing to try race walking
目的状语：to learn proper technique
【翻译】她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该先咨询教练或有经验的运动员，学习正确的技术。
2020 全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解 D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies
have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of
the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their
workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further — changing
the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include
plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect
harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the
things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow （ 发 光 ） in experiments using some common
vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about
one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used
to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off ＂switch＂
where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far
removed from the power source（电源）— such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote
highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and
therefore help save energy.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water. B. To change compositions of plants.
C. To make the life of plants longer. D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production. B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption. D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【词汇】
1. connection 2. conduct 3. crime
4. Productive 5. decorate 6. composition
7. diverse 8. function 9. Sensor
10. detect 11. engineer 12. common
13. faint 14. version 15. spray
16. fade 17.expose 18. consume
19. reduce
1. connection n. 联系；关系；连接；亲戚
2. Conduct n. 行为；举动；品行 v. 引导；指挥；管理 vt. 导电；传热
3. Crime n. 犯罪；恶行
4. Productive adj. 生产的；有成效的；多产的
5. Decorate v. 装饰；布置；装修；授予某人奖章或其他奖状
6. Composition n. 成分；作品；组织；作文；合成物
7. Diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的
8. Function n. 职务；功能；函数；重大聚会；应变量，有相关关系者；取决于 vi. 运行；起作用
9. Sensor n. 传感器；探测器
10. Detect v. 发觉；察觉；探测
11. Engineer n. 工程师；机(械)师 vt. 设计；建造；策划
12. Common adj. 常见的；共同的；普通的；平常的；平凡的；粗俗的 n. 公地；平民；普通；公园
13. Faint adj. 微弱的；无力的；模糊的 v. 昏倒 n. 昏厥；昏倒
14. Version n. 版本；说法；译本；形式
15. Spray v. 喷雾；喷射；扫射 n. 喷雾；喷雾器；水沫
16. fade v. 逐渐消失；褪色；凋谢 n. 淡入；淡出
17.expose vt. 揭露；使曝光；使面临；使暴露
18. Consume v. 消耗；吃喝；毁灭
19. reduce v. 减少；缩小；使落魄；简化；还原
【长难句】
1. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with
houseplants.
【句子分析】主干部分：employees were shown to be 15% more productive
时间状语从句：when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
【翻译】另一项研究显示，当工作场所装饰室内植物时，员工的生产力提高了 15%。
2. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further — changing the
actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions.
【句子分析】主干部分：The engineers have taken it a step further
介词短语做定语：at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）
分词短语做状语：changing the actual composition of plants
不定式短语做状语：in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions.
【翻译】麻省理工学院（MIT）的工程师们又向前迈进了一步——改变了植物的实际组成，使它们能够发挥
各种各样，甚至是不同寻常的功能。
3. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant
that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
【句子分析】主干部分：These include plants and a plant
定语从句：that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water 修饰 plants
不定式短语做状语：to show when they’re short of water
宾语从句：when they’re short of water
定语从句：that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.修饰 a plant
【翻译】其中包括叶子上印有传感器的植物，以显示何时缺水，以及一种可以检测地下水中有害化学物质
的植物。
4. We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.
【句子分析】主干部分：We’re thinking about
宾语从句：how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.
定语从句：that we use every day 修饰 the things
【翻译】我们正在思考如何改造植物，以取代我们每天使用的东西的功能。
5. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（发光）in experiments using some common vegetables.
【句子分析】主干部分：projects has been to make plants glow（发光）
不定式做状语：to make plants glow（发光）in experiments
分词作状语：using some common vegetables.
【翻译】他最近的一个项目是用一些普通蔬菜做实验，让植物发光。
6. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
【句子分析】主干部分：the team hopes to develop technology
定语从句：that can be sprayed onto plant leaves 修饰 technology
定语从句：that would last the plant’s lifetime.修饰 treatment
【翻译】未来，该团队希望开发一种技术，可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上，持续植物的一生。
7. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off ＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to
daylight.
【句子分析】主干部分：The engineers are trying to develop ＂switch＂
定语从句：where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.修饰switch
【翻译】工程师们还试图开发一种开关，当暴露在日光下时，这种开关会使光线褪色。
glow n. 微弱稳定的光
8. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源）— such as the distance from a power plant to
street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）.
【句子分析】主干部分：a lot of energy is lost
原因状语从句：Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源）
介词短语做定语：from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway
【翻译】由于照明通常远离电源（例如从发电厂到偏远公路上路灯的距离），在传输过程中会损失大量能
量
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