2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（十五）连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句

2021 届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义 考点（十五）连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句 课堂真题讲解 [全析考法] 单句语法填空/单句改错 1． I'm not sure________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 2 ． This is ________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 3． Without his support, we wouldn't be________ we are now. 4． The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. 5． By boat is the only way to get here, which is________we arrived. 6． Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 7 ． Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing________she was heading. 8． We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of________it used to charge. 9． Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.10 ． As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 11 ． I didn't understand ________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 12. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.________________ 解析：what　句意：这就是父亲教给我的——永远面对困难并且寄予最大的 希望。表语从句中动词 taught 缺少直接宾语， 且表示“……的东西”，故填 what。 解析：where　句意：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不会是现在的情形了。空处 引导表语从句，表示的是具有抽象意义的地点，故用 where 引导。 解析：whoever　句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这 场 自 行 车 比 赛 中 获 得 第 一 名 的 人 。 从 句 中 缺 主 语 且 表 示 “ 人 ” ， 因 此 填 whoever 引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。 解析：how　句意：坐船是到达这里唯一的方式，我们就是这样来的。how 引导表语从句，表示方式。 解析：whoever　句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮风筝的人将会获 奖。根据句子结构和意可知，主语从句中缺少表示人的主语，故填 whoever。 解析：where　句意：简在绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，不知道她要去哪 里。本句考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，根据句意和句子结构可知，宾语从 句中缺少表示地点的连词， 故填 where。解析：what　句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了 20 美元，这是它以前要价的一半。此处考查宾语从句的引导词，在 of 后面 what 既引导宾语从句，又在从句中作 charge 的宾语。 解析：Whatever　句意：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，你们做的任何事 情都有帮助。根据句意和结构可知，whatever 引导的是主语从句，主语从句 中缺少谓语动词 do 的宾语，表示事物， 故用 Whatever 引导。 解析：how　分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。空格后的 thick 为 形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填 how。 解析：why　根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。 不明白的一定是原因，故用 why 引导宾语从句。 解析：who　分析句子成分，空格处作从句的主语，根据后面的“me or the female gorilla”可知，作者把自己和大猩猩作对比，表示“我不知道我和大 猩猩谁更害怕”，故填 who。 解析：that→where　分析句子结构可知，介词 to 之后为宾语从句，而宾语 从句中缺少地点状语，故用 where 引导。 课后知识总结 [谨记规则] 引 导 词 类别 常见引导词 作用 连 接 代 词 what, which, who, whose, whom, wh 有词义；在从句中担任成分，作主语、表语、 宾语或定语等atever, whichever, whoever, whomev er 连 接 副 词 how, when, where , why, however, w henever, wherever 有词义；在从句中担任成分，作状语 What worries us most is who let out the secret. 最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。 Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把你的大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。 I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 我不知道怎么能到火车站。 That's why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。 Wherever he goes makes his parents worry. 他无论去哪儿父母都担心。 语法填空解题“3 步骤”1．根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从 句。 2．一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选 用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语 就用连接副词。 3．如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用 whether/if; 如果不 缺少成分且意思完整用 that。 缺少成分 1 ． Make the most of your strengths, and you can be successful regardless of which type you fall into and ----fast or slowly you walk. 2 ． It is -------is written on the signs inside the bus that has people talking. 3 ． They never get angry and are always kind to the students. That's------- the children can always get on well with their robot teachers. 4 ． ------surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum. 5．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are--------you eat! 6 ． My friend Julia brought out all her dresses and told me to take_--------suited me best. 7．From them, the West learns ------is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui.8 ． -------- comes here to have the meeting will be treated to a wonderful dinner. 9．Wondering ----------it was, Terry, a newcomer to this city, went to the door and opened it impatiently. 不缺少成分 10 ． I wonder first of all what they want, and then wonder----------they are so eager to accept advice themselves. 11． It never occurred to me --------you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 12． There is no doubt----it is of great help to their study and future life. 1._how2.what_3. why 4.What 5. what 6.whichever_ 7.what_ 8.Whoever 9.who 10. if/whether_11.that 12. that 短文改错解题“3 视角” 1．检查连接词是否误用：尤其注意容易混淆的 that 与 what, that 与 which, which 与 what, if 与 whether; 2．检查连接词是否漏掉或多余，以及使用连接代词时从句中是否存在多余的 句子成��； 3．检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确。 据第 1 条解题 1. I have the confidence what you can learn how to make Chinese knots.2. Above all, I wonder that it is convenient for you to inform me of the specific schedule in advance. 3． How I do every day is to listen to lectures, take notes and do my homework, which seems to be endless. 4 ． I also feel grateful to my dad just because of which he has been doing for me ever since. 5．Whenever I want to see it, that I must do is to close my eyes, and it will appear in front of me. 据第 2 条解题 1. The police told him what it had happened: his car had been on a private parking lot and had been taken away by the police 7 ． To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact I had paid for a single room._ 8 ． As the College Entrance Examinations will be held in June, the students should make full use of time to review that what they have learned. 据第 3 条解题 1. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on what he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. 2. 10．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is that he never finishes anything.1.what→that 2.that→whether/if 3.How→What 4.which→what 5.that→ what 1. 6..去掉 it 7.fact 后加 that 8.去掉 that 9.what→who 10. that→why Ⅰ.语法填空 As the effects of global warming, rising seas and natural disasters __1__(gradual) become obvious, some local communities are taking action.Among them __2__(be) one community in Florida where local people and government officials are proving __3__(success) in protecting coastal cities from the dangers of rising sea levels. The community has studied __4__much sea levels will rise and has suggested ways to address the problem.It has persuaded the state government to ban new developments on land near the coastline and recommended __5__(build) sand dunes( 沙 丘 ) along beaches.Kristin Jacobs, one of the group's founders, __6__(decide) to take action in 2008 after it became clear that her state's 27 water authorities couldn't agree on joint (联合的) action. While some Florida government officials are skeptical __7__ the effects of climate change and the causes of environmental damage, the people living in these locations are certain of the need __8__(protect) their communities.At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a(n) __9__(limit) budget is a pressing concern.Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in __10__end, but for now, quick thinking by local citizens is helping to secure the future. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了佛罗里达州一沿海社区为应 对因全球变暖而日益上涨的海平面而采取了一系列措施。 1．gradually　考查词性转换。设空处修饰连系动词 become，故填副词 gradually。 2．is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时，且 本句是倒装句，be 动词的形式要根据后面的主语 one community 来确定， 故填 is。 3．successful　考查词性转换。prove 为连系动词，后跟形容词作表语，且 设空处意为“成功的”，故填 successful。 4．how　考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句，意为“海平面会上升多少”， 故填 how。 5．building　考查非谓语动词。recommend 意为“建议”时，其后可跟动 词ing 形式或用于 recommend sb. to do sth.结构，故填 building。 6．decided　考查动词的时态。由 in 2008 可知 decide 所表示的动作发生 在过去，故填 decided。 7 ． about/of 　 考 查 介 词 。 skeptical 意 为 “ 怀 疑 的 ” ， 后 常 跟 介 词 about/of。8．to protect　考查非谓语动词。need 作名词时，其后常跟不定式作后置 定语，意为“……的需要”。 9．limited　考查词性转换。设空处作定语修饰 budget，故填 limited(有限 的)。 10．the　考查冠词。in the end 意为“最终”。 Ⅱ.短文改错 My English teacher recommends me to take a part in an English speech competition yesterday. But I doubt that I have the ability to win. It is known to all my classmate that I can speak English as if he were a native speaker. Therefore, I dare not voice my opinions, especial in public. My best friend Lily has been encouraging me to accept the challenge. On her opinion, whether I can win the competition or not doesn't matter as long as I try my best. Encouraged by her, I have decided to have a try, challenged myself. I must conquer my shy. Wish myself good luck. 答案：第一句：recommends→recommended; 去掉 a 第二句：that→whether/if 第三句：classmate→classmates; he→I 第四句：Therefore→However; especial→especially 第六句：On→In 第七句：challenged→challenging 第八句：shy→shynes