2021高考英语真题分类拔高练习之语法填空篇专题08 语法填空（解析版）

2021 高考英语真题分类拔高练习 08 1.（2016·四川）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正 确形式。 The giant panda ________(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists ________(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very ________(care)mother. For 25days, she never left her baby, not even to find something ________(eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy) that would try to eat the little comforting pats. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. ________ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats, The mother continued to care for the young panda ________more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed ________(it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest.Then, after two and a half years, the mother ________(drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, ________itwas also time for the young panda to be independent. 【答案】 is loved；recently；caring/careful；to eat；enemies；When/If；for；its；drove；and 【解析】 ①句意：大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。这个表示一般事实的状态，所以用一般现在时。而且 是被动状态，被动的形式是 be+Ved，The giant panda 是单数第三人称形式，故填 is loved。 ②副词修饰动词，这里动词用了 had，have 的过去式，故填 recently。 ③此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，放在名词前面，故填 caring/careful。 ④句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填 to eat 。 ⑤句意：任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人。自然界的敌人不止一个，应该用复数形式， 故填 enemies。 ⑥句意：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填 When/If。 ⑦句意：妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间，故填 for。 语法填空 ⑧句意：小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填 its。 ⑨句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填 drove。 ⑩句意：现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时间了，同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处表示 并列，是一个并列句，故填 and。 2.（2016·新课标Ⅲ卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单 词的正确形式。 In much of Asia, especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ________ Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hard woods and metal ________ (create)special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs(树枝)to removeit. Over time, ________ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ________ livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________ (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are notused everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ________ their hands. 【答案】 and；be made；to create；using；as/when；gradually；who；development；were ；with 【解析】本题主要考查词法和句法知识，集中考查了词性转换，并列句，定语从句，状语 从句和非谓语动词等语法知识。 ①and 考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家，他们是并列关系，故填 and。 ②be made 考查固定词组。sth be made of 精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属。… 某物由…制成，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填 be made。 ③to create 考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合 起来，以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填 to create。 ④using 考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物，用树枝把锅移开，use 的逻 辑主语是 people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填 using。 ⑤as/when 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可 以煮得快一点，这里是时间状语从句，when 意为“当……时候”，后跟长动作或短动作，故 填 as／when。 ⑥gradually 考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语 turned into，应该用副 词，故填 gradually。 ⑦who 考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Confucius 孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填 who。 ⑧development 考查词性转换。the＋名词＋of，意为“……的……”，这里指“筷子的发展”， 故填 development。 ⑨were 考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed 后跟一个宾语从句，and 连接了两个并列的谓语，主语 knives 是复数，根据时态一致的原 则，这里用一般过去时，故填 were。 ⑩with 考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法－－用手拿，with＋表 示具体工具的名词，故填 with。 3.（2016·新课标Ⅱ卷）第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be ________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ________my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ________(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few________( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,________ other is with mum---she never suspects. 【答案】 attraction ；was allowed；officially；to；when；permitted；introducing；its；days；the 【解析】①attraction 考查名词。 形容词 top 后面跟名词形式。 ②was allowed 考查时态和语态。根据句意作者是被允许走近这些动物。 ③officially 考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。 ④to 考查介词。固定短语:go bark to“回到” ⑤when 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，缺少状语，先行词是时间故填二一二。 ⑥permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。 ⑦ introducing 考查现在分词。 介词后面用动名词。 ⑧its 考查代词。指代前面的 twin，用 its。 ⑨days 考查名词复数。Few 修饰复数名词。 ⑩the 考查冠词。固定短语：one …the other“一个……另一个”。 4.（2016·新课标Ⅰ卷）第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of________(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of________(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow________(be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused________our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive________ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent ________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks________(regular). Give your body and brain arest by stepping outside for________while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________(bring) your work home. It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ________ (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 【答案】 greater；achievement；is；on；as；studies；regularly；a；to bring；make 【解析】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。 ①great 考查比较级。本空所填之词和比较级.less 是并列关系，使用相同的比较级形式 greater ②achievement 考查名词。横线前面有介词 of，横线上要使用名词 achievement 作为 of 的宾 语。句意:首先 处理重要的事情，那么你会有成就感。 ③is 考查句子结构和主谓一致。本句中单个动名词短语“Leaving.....tomorrow}}.”在句中做主 语，谓语动词使用单数形式，所以使用 is. ④on 考查固定搭配。形容词短语 be focused on 集中于....；很多人早晨对任务的注意力要比 晚些时候的注意力更集中。 ⑤as 考查固定搭配。短语 as...as....和...一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以 我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样的高效率。 ⑥studies 考查名词单复数。本句的谓语动词是 show，说明主语是复数名词 studies。 ⑦regularly 考查副词。在英语这个副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常 在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词 regularly 做状语修饰动词 take short breaks。 ⑧ a 考查固定短语。介词短语 far a while 一会，本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情， 让你的身体和 思维休息一会。 ⑨to bring 考查形容词短语。形容词短语 be likly to dosth 可能做某事，你就不太可能把工作 带回家去做， 因为你找到了你喜欢做的事情。 ⑩make 考查祈使句。本句中动词短语 make sure 放在句首，构成祈使句。