2021届安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试英语试题（解析版）

安徽六校教育研究会 2021 届高三第一次素质测试 英语试题 考试时间：120 分钟 试卷分值：150 分 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3. 考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第 I 卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把 答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径 0.5 毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各 题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上 作答无效。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the man take a subway? A The air in the subway is fresh. B. The traffic is too busy. C. The gas is too expensive. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A At the hotel. B. At the airport. C. At the bus stop. 3. What does the man mean? A. He has had the same shoes. B. He doesn’t like the shoes. C. His wife doesn’t like the shoes. 4. What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s quitting the course? A. She respects it. B. She is against it. C. She supports it. 5. When will Sally get her guitar back? . .A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Wednesday. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. What’s the problem of Johnny? A. Lack of communication. B. Having growing pains. C. Absence from school. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What do we know about the writer? A He is still a child now. B. He was born disabled. C. He was an assistant years ago. 9. How does the man feel about the writer’s speeches? A. Disappointing. B. Serious. C. Encouraging. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题 10. How does Tim think people of his age can help with energy saving? A. By using energy-saving lights. B. By turning off computer screens. C. By playing less computer games. 11. What does Tim advise people to do to save water? A. Take a quick shower instead of a long bath. B. Wash large quantities of clothes at a time. C. Stop using washing machines at home. 12. What kind of drinks does Tim suggest buying? A. Ones in cardboard packets. B. Ones in plastic bottles. C. Ones in glass bottles. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the man probably? . 。A. An inventor. B. A professor. C. A reporter. 14. Who is Hermione Granger based on? A. The woman, Mrs. Rowling herself. B. One of the woman’s best friends. C. The woman’s favorite teacher. 15. What was beyond the woman’s expectation? A. The publication of the Harry Potter books. B. The popularity of the Harry Potter books. C. The inspiration for the Harry Potter books. 16. How different will the woman’s future books on Harry Potter probably be? A. Rather exciting. B. More realistic. C. Rather scary. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What is special about Cuba? A. Students do not pay for school. B. Students study and do physical work. C. Students work for tuition (学费) at school. 18. How often do students work at school? A. Every week. B. Every day. C. Every summer. 19. Which purpose is intended by the system? A. Developing good learning habits in their life. B. Training students to be experts in tasting vegetables. C. Learning the importance of production. 20. What do we learn from the passage? A. Students usually work on the land of the school. B. Students plant vegetables, fruits and crops. C. In summer, all students go to help farmers. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 ATHEATER: STRAIGHT WHITE MEN From Korean American playwright Young Jean Lee comes a comedy that deals with the privilege problem through the story of three brothers (Jake by Bruch Reed, Drew by Avery Clark and Matt by Michael Tisdale) and their father Ed (played by Michael Winters), who reunite over Christmas eggnog and light trash-talking that leads to something deeper. Through Dec.18. Studio Theater, 1501 14th St. NW. 202-332-3300. $20-$85. EXHIBIT: GATEWAYS/PORTALS This exhibit explores the immigrant experience in America. By looking at community, social justice and gatherings, it aims to show how people come to adopt a new home in major metro areas like Washington, Baltimore, Charlotte and Raleigh, N.C. Dec.5 through Aug.6. Anacostia Community Museum, 1901 Fort PI.SE. 202-633-4820. Free. BLUES: PIEDMONT BLUES As part of Strathmore’s Shades of Blues festival, jazz pianist and composer Gerald Clayton leads the nine-piece Assembly band in a performance featuring singer Rene Marie and tap dancer Maurice Chestnut. This show, which highlights works by Piedmont Blues musicians, will combine music, film and photography. 8 p.m. Dec.10. Strathmore, 5301 Tuckerman Lane, North Bethesda, Md. 301-581-5100. $30-$60. INDOOR FUN: WINTERFEST You don’t have to wait until spring training to get a look at the Nats. The Washington Nationals host a two-day festival featuring games, activities and appearances by its great baseball players. Dec.10-11. Walter E. Washington Convention Center, 801 Mount Vernon PI. NW.202-608-1110. $33, $23 children. 1. Who will give a performance at Studio Theater? A. Young Jean Lee. B. Michael Winters. C. Rene Marie. D. Maurice Chestnut. 2. Where can people learn about American history? A. Studio Theater. B. Anacostia Community Museum. C. Strathmore. D. Walter E. Washington Convention Center. 3. Which number should a sports fan call? A. 202-332-3300. B. 202-633-4820. C. 301-581-5100. D. 202-608-1110.【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了四种不同类型的特色活动以及它们的时间、地点及收费情况。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 THEATER: STRAIGHT WHITE MEN 部分关键句“the story of three brothers (Jake by Bruch Reed, Drew by Avery Clark and Matt by Michael Tisdale) and their father Ed (played by Michael Winters)”可知， Michael Winters 在这个故事中扮演三兄弟的父亲。再根据本段关键句“Through Dec.18. Studio Theater, 1501 14th St. NW. 202-332-3300. $20-$85.”可知，这个表演将在Studio Theater 举行，由此可推断出 Michael Winters 将在 Studio Theater 进行演出。故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 EXHIBIT: GATEWAYS/PORTALS 部 分 关 键 句 “This exhibit explores the immigrant experience in America.”可知，这个展览探索了美国的移民历史。再根据本段关键句“Dec.5 through Aug.6. Anacostia Community Museum, 1901 Fort PI.SE. 202-633-4820. Free.” 可 知 ， 这 个 展 览 将 在 Anacostia Community Museum 举行，由此可推断出，人们可以在 Anacostia Community Museum 了解到美国历史。故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 INDOOR FUN: WINTERFEST 部分关键句“The Washington Nationals host a two-day festival featuring games, activities and appearances by its great baseball players.”可知，在这项活动中举办了为期 两天的节日，以伟大的棒球运动员的比赛、活动和出场为特色。再根据本段关键句“Dec.10-11. Walter E. Washington Convention Center, 801 Mount Vernon PI. NW.202-608-1110. $33, $23 children.”可知，这项活动的 咨询电话是 202-608-1110，由此可推断出，这项活动和体育有关，体育迷可以拨打 202-608-1110 来咨询活 动信息。故选 D 项。 B I’ve always loved singing but, until this summer, it was only in the shower. I never thought I’d missed out on much until my children joined the school choir. As singing has become a bigger part of my children’s lives, I’ve seen their confidence grow. It’s a big thing to perform on stage, but soon this was something they could deal with easily. I had encouraged them to challenge themselves and they’d succeeded. As a mother, I thought: job done. What happened next threw me. “Come and join the parents’ choir,” a friend suggested. I told her I couldn’t sing. “It’s not about the singing; it’s about the experience,” she said. “You should try it out.” That night I struggled to sleep. Every day, I encourage my children to push themselves out of their comfort zone; every day, I learn that the only way to get your children to behave in a certain way is by modeling that behavior yourself. Here I was doing the opposite. The next morning, I joined. I felt like the awkward new girl the morning I walked into the practice room. An original score had been written to be sung in three parts, which others read like they were sentences on a page and burst into song. To me, it might well have been written in ancient Greek. I tried my best to follow the tune. Standing on stage on the evening of our performance, I started trembling, but as soon as the music started, I calmed down. A sea of smiling faces encouraged me. Applause filled the hall and I was really excited. I realized that performing was addictive. I also realized that what I always told my children was true: unless you push yourself and are brave to try something new, you’ll miss out on so much that life has to offer. 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s children? A. Imaginative. B. Generous. C. Independent. D. Courageous. 5. Why did the author decide to join the parents’ choir? A. She followed her friend’s example. B. She was encouraged by her children. C. She tried to achieve her dream of singing. D. She hoped to set her children an example. 6. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 suggest? A. The author had difficulty singing the song. B. The author was unable to write music. C. The author was fond of classical music. D. The author could write in ancient Greek. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Confidence: the secret of success. C. Challenges make life meaningful. D. Opportunity favors a cautious mind. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者为了给孩子们树立一个好榜样，报名参加了合唱团，虽然遇到了一些困 难，但是作者最终完成了表演，觉得挑战让生活更有意义。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 It’s a big thing to perform on stage, but soon this was something they could deal with easily. I had encouraged them to challenge themselves and they’d succeeded.可知在舞台上表演是件大事，但很快 他们就能轻松应付了。我鼓励他们挑战自我，他们成功了。由此可推知，作者的孩子们勇于挑战自我，很 勇敢。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 Every day, I encourage my children to push themselves out of their comfort zone; every day, I learn that the only way to get your children to behave in a certain way is by modeling that behavior yourself. Here I was doing the opposite. The next morning, I joined.可知每天，我都鼓励我的孩子把自己从舒适区 里推出来；每天，我都了解到，要想让你的孩子以某种方式表现，唯一的方法就是自己示范这种行为。在 这里，我却反其道而行之。第二天早上，我加入了。由此可推知，作者决定加入父母合唱团，是因为她希 望为她的孩子树立一个榜样。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据后文 I tried my best to follow the tune.可知我尽力跟着曲子走。由此可推知，作者唱这首歌 有困难，只是在尽力跟着曲子走。故第 3 段中划线的句子表明作者唱这首歌有困难。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 I also realized that what I always told my children was true: unless you push yourself and are brave to try something new, you’ll miss out on so much that life has to offer.可知我还意识到，我经常对孩 子们说的话是正确的:除非你强迫自己，勇敢地尝试新事物，否则你将会错过很多生活所能提供的东西。结 合文章主要记叙了作者为了给孩子们树立一个好榜样，报名参加了合唱团，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是作 者最终完成了表演，觉得挑战让生活更有意义。由此可知，C 选项“挑战使生活有意义”最符合文章标题。 故选 C。 C While walking through some remote forest in Indonesia’s West Sumatra, some biologists claim to have spotted the world’s largest flower ever recorded. The flower is a giant Rafflesia tuan-mudae, a species that only comes out for about seven days at the end of the plant’s lifespan. The record flower measured in at a diameter of 111 centimeters, which makes it larger than the previous record holder by 4 centimeters, also a Rafflesia tuan-mudae. “This is the largest Rafflesia tuan-mudae that has ever been documented,” said Ade Putra at the Agam Conservation Agency in Sumatra. The flower is characterized by its flesh-colored petals (花瓣) that are covered in white spots. That might not sound like the most attractive description, but it’s proper considering the smell this species is known to give off. Rafflesia tuan-mudae is a type of special flower, which smells like a dying body. Don’t let this fact lessen the glory of a find like this, however. What the flower lacks in fragrance makes up for its appealing biology. The pungent smell is meant to attract flies, which are this flower’s main pollinators (传粉者). Interestingly, it’s still a mystery as to what type of animal distributes the tuan-mudae seeds. These plants also grow inside the root of a host plant for around nine months until suddenly showing themselves to the world with their giant smelly flowers. They were named “Rafflesia” after a British colonist (殖民者), Sir Stamford Raffles, who was the first to officially identify one in the early 19th century. Hopefully for Raffles’ sake, it was named after him to honor the discovery, not because of the good sir’s smell. Luckily, it takes a special kind of scientists to run toward one of these flowers rather than away, but in this case the prize was worth the smell. Whatever its smell, it’s a special plant, and it’s encouraging that such rare natural wonders can still find room to grow on our crowded planet. 8. What was the diameter of the previous record holder of the biggest flower? A. 111 centimeters. B. 104 centimeters. C. 107 centimeters. D. 115 centimeters. 9. What does the underlined word “pungent” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Strong and unpleasant. B. Relaxing and soft. C. Fragrant and sharp. D. Pleasant and attractive. 10. What is the main idea of the fifth paragraph? A. When the flower was found. B. Where the flower was found. C. How the flower was named. D. Why the flower was so special. 11. How does the author find the discovery? A. Nervous. B. Fortunate. C. Annoyed. D. Satisfied. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了世界上有记录的最大的花 Rafflesia tuan-mudae（穆达大王花），并介绍 了它特殊的气味和命名原因。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The record flower measured in at a diameter of 111 centimeters, which makes it larger than the previous record holder by 4 centimeters, also a Rafflesia tuan-mudae.” 可 知 ， 这 朵 Rafflesia tuan-mudae（穆达大王花）的直径为 111 厘米，这使得它比之前的记录保持者的直径大了 4 厘米，那也是一 朵穆达大王花。由此可推断出，最大的花的前一个记录保持者的直径是 111 厘米减去 4 厘米，为 107 厘米。 故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。画线词所在句“The pungent smell is meant to attract flies”意为“这种_____气味是用来吸引苍 蝇的”。根据第三段关键句“Rafflesia tuan-mudae is a type of special flower, which smells like a dying body.”可 知，穆达大王花闻起来像一个垂死的尸体。再根据第四段关键句“suddenly showing themselves to the world with their giant smelly flowers.”中的“giant smelly”可知，这种花会散发出巨大的臭味。Strong and unpleasant 意为“强烈的和令人不快的”，符合对这种花气味的描述，表示这种强烈的和令人不快的气味是用来吸引苍蝇的，符合句意。故选 A 项。 【10 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段关键句“They were named “Rafflesia” after a British colonist (殖民者), Sir Stamford Raffles”可知，这种花以英国殖民者Sir Stamford Raffles 的名字命名为 Rafflesia。再根据第五段关键句“it was named after him to honor the discovery, not because of the good sir’s smell”可知，以他的名字命名是为了纪念这 个发现。由此可推断出，本段主要讲的是这朵花是怎样被命名的。故选 C 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Luckily, it takes a special kind of scientists to run toward one of these flowers rather than away, but in this case the prize was worth the smell.”可知，幸运的是，这种特殊的味道让科学家们跑 向了这些花，而不是远离它们。由此可推断出，作者认为这一发现是幸运的。Fortunate 意为“幸运的”，符 合作者的看法。故选 B 项。 D “Alexa, what’s 5 minus 3?” A 6-year-old boy recently asked that question in a video, which was popular on Twitter. Alexa, Amazon’s voice-started assistant, delivered a quick answer: 2. It’s cute, but it raises a question that’s been on the minds of many parents and educators lately: How do virtual assistants like Alexa affect children’s learning experiences? Clint Hill, an English teacher, says in his classrooms he often sees “children quietly talking into their phones and asking Google or other services to spell some complicated words that they don’t know.” But Hill says he doesn’t mind. “I struggle with spelling, and spellcheck on my word processing has been a lifesaver for me.” he says. “I think being able to use those technological aids is not hurting anybody,” Hill adds. But some experts say it’s not just about learning basic math or spelling. “One of the best gifts we can give our children is doing that kind of problem-solving together,” says Diane Levin, a professor of applied human development. Levin says it’s important for children to learn to struggle—even just a little—with challenges. “They will use those skills that they’re learning for all kinds of things that come along,” Levin says. How much concern should parents have over Alexa and their children? Every new wave of technology, from calculators to TV sets, causes a panic about its effect on children, and nostalgia (怀旧) for the past, says Dimitri Christakis, an expert in child health, behavior and development. But he says that a child watching television is having a completely passive experience. Because new technology is interactive, “it helps understand how the world works,” Christakis says. “But while watching television, you play no role in the content,” Christakis says. Still, he agrees that this debate is about much more than knowing what 5 minus 3 is. It’s also about developing the patience to solve problems. “That ability to stay focused,” he says, “is one of the most important developmental skills that children acquire.” 12. What can be inferred from Hill’s words? A. Technological aids are helpful. B. His students don’t use their brains. C. His students aren’t focused in class. D. Spelling is really difficult for small children. 13. What can we learn about technological aids in Levin’s opinion? A. They fail to solve problems. B. They give children challenges. C. They present a threat to teachers at school. D. They are harmful to children’s development. 14. Which of the following would Christakis agree with? A. New technology affects children most. B. New technology tends to cause worries. C. Television has been a thing of the past. D. Today’s parents are too concerned. 15. What does Christakis stress about children in the last paragraph? A. Their ability to interact with others. B. Their ability to learn from the past. C. Their ability to study technology. D. Their ability to pay attention. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章针对科技援助手段在儿童的学习和发展过程中的利弊进行了讨论。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Hill 的话“I struggle with spelling, and spellcheck on my word processing has been a lifesaver for me.”可知，他的拼写很困难，他认为利用技术手段对他的拼写进行检查是他的救命稻草。再根 据他接下来的话“I think being able to use those technological aids is not hurting anybody”可知，他认为使用这 些技术援助不会伤害到任何人。由此可推断出，Hill 认为技术援助是有帮助的。故选 A 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Levin 的话“One of the best gifts we can give our children is doing that kind of problem-solving together”可知，我们能给孩子最好的礼物之一就是培养孩子一起解决问题的能力。通过文 意可知，技术援助手段帮助孩子解决了问题，同时也使孩子丧失了自己解决问题的能力，这对孩子的发展 是有害的。由此可推断出，Levin 认为技术援助手段危害了孩子的发展。故选 D 项。【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中 Christakis 的话“Every new wave of technology, from calculators to TV sets, causes a panic about its effect on children, and nostalgia (怀旧) for the past”可知，每一次新的科技浪潮，从计算器到电 视机，都会引起家长们关于新科技给孩子们带来的影响的恐慌，以及对过去的怀念。由此可推断出，Christakis 认为新的技术会引起家长们的忧虑和担心。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Christakis 的话“That ability to stay focused,” he says, “is one of the most important developmental skills that children acquire.”可知，保持专注的能力，是儿童获得的最重要的发展技能之一。由 此可推断出，在本段中，Christakis 强调了儿童专注能力的重要性。故选 D 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wearing a mask for confidence You may often see young people in Asian countries wear their masks in public. ___16___ Asians often wear face masks to prevent one's own germs (微生物) or sickness from spreading in public places. ___17___This means they will try their best to make contributions to their group. During the novel coronavirus outbreak, Asians will wear masks to prevent both themselves and others from being infected, which will eventually benefit the whole group. Apart from physical protection, masks have evolved into social firewalls among young people in Asian countries as well. ___18___They often want to keep a safe distance from strangers. But when they can't achieve it in public such as on a crowded subway, hiding their faces with masks can sometimes help them gain some privacy. ___19___For example, they can avoid the embarrassment when they don't have enough time to do makeup. ___20___They wear them, along with audio headsets, to signal a lack of desire to communicate with those around them, according to Quartz. Not only are masks used to prevent the spread of disease, they have indeed made their way into the mainstream and are here to stay in Asian countries. A. What makes them do so? B. Asians are subject to Confucianism (儒教). C. In many Asian countries, people value collectivism. D. They think wearing masks is not related to their freedom. E. For this reason, wearing masks has become a fashion trend among young people. F. For some young girls, wearing masks can give them confidence and a sense of security. G. Young people are more concerned about their privacy than their parents and grandparents.【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. E 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了戴口罩在亚洲年轻人中流行的原因。 【16 题详解】 上文 You may often see young people in Asian countries wear their masks in public.(你可以看到亚洲国家的年轻 人在公共场合戴口罩。)与 A. What makes them do so?(是什么让他们这样做？)承接自然，选项中的 so 就是上 文提到的 wear their masks in public，故选 A 项。 【17 题详解】 下文 This means they will try their best to make contributions to their group. (这意味着他们会尽全力为他们的集 体做贡献。)与 C. In many Asian countries, people value collectivism.(在很多亚洲国家，人们都珍惜集体主 义。)承接自然，因为珍惜集体主义，所以会尽全力为集体做贡献，此外 collectivism 和 group 是关键词，故 选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 下文 They often want to keep a safe distance from strangers. (他们总是想和陌生人保持安全距离。)与 G. Young people are more concerned about their privacy than their parents and grandparents.(比起他们的父母和祖父母，年 轻人更加关心他们的隐私。)承接自然，下文是年轻人关注自己隐私的做法之一，且下文的 they 就是上文的 young people，故选 G 项。 【19 题详解】 下文 For example, they can avoid the embarrassment when they don't have enough time to do makeup.(例如，当没 有足够的时间化妆时，他们可以（通过戴口罩）来避免尴尬。)与 F. For some young girls, wearing masks can give them confidence and a sense of security.(对于一些年轻女孩来说，戴口罩可以给她们自信和安全感。)承接 自然，下文所述内容是戴口罩给年轻女孩安全感的一个方面，故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 下文 They wear them, along with audio headsets, to signal a lack of desire to communicate with those around them, according to Quartz.(根据 Quartz 的说法，他们戴着口罩和音频耳机来表明他们不愿意与周围的人交流)与 E. For this reason, wearing masks has become a fashion trend among young people.(因此，戴口罩在年轻人中已经成 为了一种时尚趋势。)承接自然，下文是对 trend 的进一步说明，且 they 就是上文所提到的 young people，故 选 E 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 WHAT are good friends? This is not a (an) ___21___question. But Mark and Jarryd Haines, _____22_____, have always been good friends. The two boys from Sydney have known each other for most of their lives. Both of them___23___playing Australian football. A few years ago, when Mark was nine, he developed brain cancer. The ___24___robbed the boy of his ___25___, part of his hearing and his ability to play his favorite sport.___26___, throughout the years, Jarryd___27___his closest friend. They still share their love of Australian football. And they still like talking about the Sydney Swans, their favorite team. Two weeks ago, I took my_____28_____at Sydney Cricket Ground to watch the Swans. The old stadium___29___fans. Shortly into the second quarter, I heard some great commentary (现场解说) from a boy. Play by play, Jarryd was bringing the game to ____30____. I turned and saw him. Mark was sitting next to him. _____31_____he cannot see anymore, Mark still loves the Swans very much. Usually, he goes to the stadium and listens to the commentary on the radio. But in the second quarter of that match, the radio system ____32____. That was when his friend Jarryd stepped in. I ____33____looked at the Swans and Buddy, the team's star player. ____34____that, I was focusing on Jarryd and Mark. ''What's happening now, mate?'' Mark asked. ''Don't worry, Mark,'' Jarryd replied. ''Okay. Buddy's got it. Will he go for it? He's going for it! It's his tenth goal! Buddy is____35____!''Mark listened carefully. He was lost in the____36____of Australian football brought to life by his friend. Sports can be ____37____. Yet, they can also allow us to share wonderful____38____with others,______39______they be close friends or perfect strangers. Here, Jarryd and Mark have moved me, and perhaps some other spectators (观众), with their precious____40____. 21. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. boring 22. A. for sure B. for fun C. for real D. for good 23. A. hate B. admit C. resist D. enjoy 24. A. disease B. pain C. judgment D. treatment 25. A. taste B. smell C. sight D. mind 26. A. Certainly B. Mostly C. Hopefully D. Luckily 27. A. became B. remained C. found D. forgot 28. A. position B. ticket C. choice D. seat 29. A. was crowded with B. was known to C. was popular among D. was favorable for 30. A. memory B. life C. end D. soul31. A. Because B. When C. Although D. If 32. A. broke down B. turned up C. died away D. fade out 33. A. nearly B. mostly C. hardly D. closely 34. A. In regard to B. Regardless of C. In response to D. Instead of 35. A. under fire B. on fire C. in place D. out of place 36. A. history B. future C. plan D. magic 37. A. attractive B. common C. competitive D. beneficial 38. A. moments B. discoveries C. adventures D. experiments 39. A. must B. should C. may D. need 40. A. experience B. friendship C. effort D. time 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一对来自澳大利亚的好朋友 Mark 和 Jarryd，他们都喜欢澳式足球。Mark9 岁 时患上了脑癌，病魔夺去他的视力和部分听力，他再也不能做最喜欢的运动了。但 Jarryd 一直陪着他。他 们一起去看球赛，Mark 只能依靠广播解说了解比赛进程。无线电系统坏了后，Jarryd 便耐心地为 Mark 进行 实时解说。他们的故事感动了作者。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不是一个简单的问题。A. difficult 困难的；B. easy 容易的；C. interesting 有 趣的；D. boring 无聊的。根据下文的 But Mark and Jarryd Haines,_____2_____, have always been good friends. 可知，作者认为这不是一个容易的问题，故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但 Mark 和 Jarryd 确实一直都是好朋友。A. for sure 确实；B. for fun 为了好玩； C. for real 真实的；D. for good 永久。根据下文的 The two boys from Sydney have known each other for most of their lives.可知，他们两个确实一直都是好朋友，故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们两个都喜欢踢澳式足球。A. hate 讨厌；B. admit 承认；C. resist 反抗； D. enjoy 喜欢。根据下文的 They still share their love of Australian football.可知，澳式足球是他们喜欢的运动， 故选 D 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：疾病夺取了这个男孩的视力、部分听力以及进行最喜欢的运动的能力。A. disease疾病；B. pain 疼痛；C. judgment 判断；D. treatment 治疗。根据上文的 A few years ago, when Mark was nine, he developed brain cancer.可知此处用“疾病”符合语境，故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：疾病夺取了这个男孩的视力、部分听力以及进行最喜欢的运动的能力。A. taste 味觉；B. smell 嗅觉；C. sight 视力；D. mind 思考力。根据下文的 Usually, he goes to the stadium and listens to the commentary on the radio.可推测 Mark 失去了视力，故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这些年以来，Jarryd 一直都是他最好的朋友。A. Certainly 当然；B. Mostly 几乎；C. Hopefully 充满希望地；D. Luckily 幸运地。根据下文的 They still share their love of Australian football. And they still like talking about the Sydney Swans, their favorite team.可知，他们一直都是朋友，这对 mark 来说是一件幸运的事，故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这些年以来，Jarryd 一直都是他最好的朋友。A. became 成为；B. remained 依然；C. found 发现；D. forgot 忘记。根据下文的 They still share their love of Australian football. And they still like talking about the Sydney Swans, their favorite team.可知在 Mark 病后他们依然是朋友，故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两周前，我在悉尼曲棍球场坐下观看 Swans 的比赛。A. position 位置；B. ticket 票；C. choice 选择；D. seat 座位。根据下文的 at Sydney Cricket Ground to watch the Swans.可知此处是指作者 坐下观看比赛，take one’s seat“就坐”，故选D 项。 【29 题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：老体育馆里挤满了球迷。A. was crowded with 挤满；B. was known to 为……所知道； C. was popular among 受……欢迎；D. was favorable for。根据下文的 Here, Jarryd and Mark have moved me, and perhaps some other spectators (观众)可推测体育管理挤满了球迷，故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场接一场，Jarryd 让比赛变得生动。A. memory 回忆；B. life 生命；C. end 结 束；D. soul 灵魂。根据下文的 Okay. Buddy's got it. Will he go for it? He's going for it! It's his tenth goal! Buddy is___15___!可知，Jarryd 在绘声绘色地给 Mark 描述比赛现场，故用 bring…to life“让……生动”符合语境， 且下文的 He was lost in the___16___of Australian football brought to life by his friend.也有暗示，故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管再也看不见了，但 Mark 仍然是非常喜欢 Swans。A. Because 因为；B. When 当；C. Although 尽管；D. If 如果。结合句意可知是，上下文是转折关系，用“尽管”符合语境，故选C 项。【32 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在比赛的第二节，无线电系统坏了。A. broke down 坏掉；B. turned up 出 现；C. died away 变弱；D. fade out 淡出。根据上文的 I heard some great commentary (现场解说) from a boy.可 知 Jarryd 在给 Mark 讲述比赛，由此推测无线电系统坏了，故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎没有看这个队的明星球员 Swans 和 Buddy。A. nearly 几乎；B. mostly 主要地；C. hardly 几乎不； D. closely 密切地。根据下文的 I was focusing on Jarryd and Mark.可知作者一 直关注着 Mark 和 Jarryd，几乎没有看比赛，故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：相反，我一直关注着 Mark 和 Jarryd。A. In regard to 关于；B. Regardless of 不管； C. In response to 作为回应；D. Instead of 相反。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，用“相反”符合语境， 故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他非常激动。A. under fire 遭到攻击；B. on fire 激动；C. in place 就位；D. out of place 不合适的。根据上文的 It's his tenth goal!可知，Buddy 马上要进球了，由此推测他很激动，故选 B 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他沉浸在由他朋友带来的澳式足球的魅力中。A. history 历史；B. future 未来； C. plan 计划；D. magic 魅力。根据上文的''What's happening now, mate?''和 He was lost in 可知，此处用“魅力” 符合语境，故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动可能是竞争性的。A. attractive 有吸引力的；B. common 常见的；C. competitive 竞 争 性 的 ； D. beneficial 有 益 的 。 根 据 下 文 的 Yet, they can also allow us to share wonderful___18___with others 可知上下文是转折关系，下文说运动可以让人们分享美好的东西，由此推测上 文应该提到运动的竞争性，故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但，他们也会让我们和他人分享美好的时刻。A. moments 时刻；B. discoveries 发现；C. adventures 冒险；D. experiments 经历。结合上文所讲故事可知，此处是指和别人分享美好的时刻， 故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：他们可能是亲密的朋友也可能是完美的陌生人。A. must 必须；B. should 应 该；C. may 可能；D. need 需要。结合上下文可知，此处是解释 others 的身份，用“可能”符合语境，故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此，Jarryd 和 Mark 用他们珍贵的友谊感动了我或许也感动了其它观众。A. experience 经历；B. friendship 友谊；C. effort 努力；D. time 时间。结合上文内容可知，Jarryd 和 Mark 和朋 友，故此处用“友谊”符合语境，故选 B 项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched its ___41___(one) independent Mars mission (任务) on July 23 at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan, ___42___(open) the nation’s planetary exploration program. If everything goes according to schedule, the 5-ton Tianwen 1 (天问 1 号), ____43____consistsof two major parts, the orbiter and the lander, will travel more than 400 million km over some seven months ___44___entering the Martian gravitational (引力) field. The entire landing operation is expected to take about 7 minutes, which ___45___(call) by experts “the ___46___(risky) moment” of a Mars landing mission. After a certain period of preparations, the lander will ___47___(gradual) unlock the rover (火星车) to allow it to move onto the Martian surface. Research on the Red Planet is also meaningful to studying the history and ___48___(evolve) of Earth, space scientists said. Tianwen, ___49___Quest for Heavenly Truth, is a long poem by famous ancient poet Qu Yuan of the Kingdom of Chu during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). He is known for his patriotism and contributions to classical poetry and verses. Naming the mission after the poem was intended ____50____(show) China’s determination to explore deep space and to implant the love of science in young people. 【答案】41. first 42. opening 43. which 44. before 45. is called 46. riskiest 47. gradually 48. evolution 49. or 50. to show 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国发射的首个独立火星任务的情况，并介绍了“天问 1 号”的命名原因 【41 题详解】 考查序数词。句意：中国于 7 月 23 日在海南文昌航天发射中心发射了首个独立火星任务。根据句意可知， 这里表示的是发射了“第一个”独立火星任务，应用序数词表示顺序，one 意为“一个”，为基数词，对应 的序数词为 first，意为“第一”，符合句意。故填first。 【42 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国于 7 月 23 日在海南文昌航天发射中心发射了首个独立火星任务，开启了国家 行星探索计划。空格所在句有谓语动词 launched（发射）且句中无连词，故应用 open 的非谓语动形式，open 与前文句子之间为主动关系，即这次发射任务开启了国家行星探索计划，故应用 open 的现在分词形式作状 语。故填 opening。 【43 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如果一切按计划进行，5 吨重的天问 1 号，由两个主要部分组成，轨道器和着陆器。 根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为 Tianwen 1（天问 1 号），为物，且在从句 中作主语，故关系代词应用 which。故填 which。 【44 题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果一切按计划进行，5 吨重的天问 1 号，由两个主要部分组成，轨道器和着陆器，在进 入火星引力场之前，将在大约 7 个月内行驶超过 4 亿公里。通过科学常识可知，应该是在进入引力场之前 行驶，before 意为“在……之前”，介词词性，后接动词ing 形式，符合句意。故填 before。 【45 题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：整个登陆行动预计需要 7 分钟左右，专家称之为火星登陆任务中“最危险的时 刻”。根据句意和句中关键词is 可知本句讲述的是客观事实，故应用一般现在时。空格所在句为定语从句， 句子先行词为 The entire landing operation，which 在从句中做主语，The entire landing operation 和 call 之间为 被动关系，即整个登陆行动被称为“最危险的时刻”，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+ 动词过去分词+其他”，句子主语The entire landing operation 为可数名词单数形式，故用 is，call 的过去分词 为 called。故填 is called。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：整个登陆行动预计需要 7 分钟左右，专家称之为火星登陆任务中“最危险的时 刻”。根据空格前定冠词the 和句意可知，这里强调的是火星登陆任务中“最危险的时刻”，故应用形容词的 最高级，risky 意为“危险的”，形容词词性，最高级为riskiest，意为“最危险的”。故填riskiest。 【47 题详解】 考查副词。句意：经过一段时间的准备，着陆器将逐渐脱离火星车，让它移动到火星表面。空格后 unlock意为“解除锁定”，动词词性，前应用副词修饰，gradual 意为“逐渐的”，形容词词性，对应的副词形式为 gradually，意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【48 题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究这颗红色星球对研究地球的历史和进化也有意义。空格所在处 history and _____ of Earth 为名词所有格，and 前后为两个并列的名词，evolve 意为“进化”，动词词性，对应的名词形式为evolution， 意为“进化”，符合句意。故填evolution。 【49 题详解】 考查连词。句意：Tianwen《天问》或 Quest for Heavenly Truth《天问》是古代楚国著名诗人屈原的一首长诗。 根据句中谓语动词 is 可知，句子主语应为单数形式，故应用选择连词 or 连接，表示 Tianwen 或 Quest for Heavenly Truth 都表示屈原的长诗《天问》。故填 or。 【50 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：以这首诗命名这次任务是想要展示中国探索外太空的决心。句中涉及固定短语 be intended to do，意为“想要做某事，打算做某事”，show 意为“展示”，动词词性，表示想要展示探索外太 空的决心，符合句意。故填 to show。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言 错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Period, liked playing and afraid of difficulties in his childhood. However, he fell behind others in his studies. One morning on his way home after school, he walked by a stream, that he saw an old woman grind (v. 磨 ) a very thick iron rod ( 棒 ). He went to her and curious asked why she was doing so. The old woman replied, “To make a needle.” Li Bai felt more curious on the answer, “How can you grind such a thick iron rod into a needle?” “If one work with constant effort, he can make this,” she answered. Hearing her word, Li Bai was inspired. After that, Li Bai studied hard and made a rapid progress. 【答案】第一处：在 afraid 前面加 was 第二处： However →Therefore 或 Thus ,第三处： that→where 第四处： grind →grinding 第五处： curious→curiously 第六处： on→about 或 of 第七处： work→works 第八处： this→it 第九处： word→words 第十处： 去掉 a 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了李白是唐代著名的诗人，童年时喜欢玩耍，害怕困难。一次，李白看到一位老 太太坚持要把铁杵磨成针，深受鼓舞，从此以后李白努力学习，功成名就。 【详解】第一处：考查固定短语和时态。句意：李白是唐代著名的诗人，童年时喜欢玩耍，害怕困难。be afraid of 害怕，该短语是固定短语；讲述一个故事，用一般过去时，Li Bai 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故 在 afraid 前面加 was。 第二处：考查副词。句意：因此，他在学习上落后于别人。“他在学习上落后于别人”与上文喜欢玩耍， 害怕困难之间是因果关系，故 However 改成 Therefore 或 Thus。 第三处：考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，修饰先行词 a stream，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关 系副词 where 引导该从句，故 that 改成 where。 第四处：考查现在分词。这里是 see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事，表示正在发生的动作，用现在分词 作宾补，故 grind 改成 grinding。 第五处：考查副词。修饰动词 asked，用副词，故 curious 改成 curiously。 第六处：考查固定短语。feel curious about / of 对……感到好奇，该短语是固定短语，故 on 改成 about 或 of。 第七处：考查时态和主谓一致。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，在条件状语从句中，主语 one 是不 定代词，不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故 work 改成 works。 第八处：考查固定用法。句意：只要一个人不断努力，他就能成功。make it 达到预定目标，该短语是固定 短语，故 this 改成 it。 第九处：考查名词复数。句意：听了她的话，李白很受鼓舞。“她的话”是复数意义，用名词复数，故word 改成 words。 第十处：考查固定短语。make progress 取得进步，该短语是固定短语，其中 progress 是不可数名词，不能用 a 修饰。故去掉 a。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 假定你是李华。为弘扬中国文化，学生会将举办主题为“中国文化”的英语演讲比赛。 作为国际学校 学生会主席，你将在比赛开始前发言。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇发言稿。 1. 活动的主题及意义；2. 中国文化博大精深；3. 预祝比赛圆满成功。注意：1. 词数 100 词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 短文开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Ladies and gentlemen, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】Ladies and gentlemen， Good afternoon! Welcome to this year's English speech competition. As the chairman of the Student Union, I am greatly honored to share aspects about it with you as follows： Firstly, the theme of this speech competition is Chinese culture, which should be mainly introduced to the foreigners. And it goes without saying that holding this activity is very meaningful to us. By doing so, not only can we carry forward Chinese culture, but also it can enhance cultural confidence. In addition, we are supposed to introduce that Chinese culture is extensive and profound. For one thing, we have unique language and our national arts are colorful. For another, Chinese traditional festivals have a long history. In the end, I sincerely hope that this year's activity will be held very successfully. And thank you for your active participation. That's all! Thank you! 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生为学校即将举办的主题为“中国文化”的英语讲演比赛写一篇发言稿。 【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 要求： 1. 活动的主题及意义；2. 中国文化博大精深； 3. 预祝比赛圆满成功。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） welcome to/ be honored to do sth./ as follows/ introduce…to…/ not only…but also…/ in addition/ be supposed to do sth./ in the end/ for one thing/ for another 第三步：连词成句 1. Welcome to this year's English speech competition. 2. As the chairman of the Student Union, I am greatly honored to share aspects about it with you as follows： 3. Firstly, the theme of this speech competition is Chinese culture, which should be mainly introduced to the foreigners. 4. And it goes without saying that holding this activity is very meaningful to us. 5. By doing so, not only can we carry forward Chinese culture, but also it can enhance cultural confidence. 6. In addition, we are supposed to introduce that Chinese culture is extensive and profound. 7. For one thing, we have unique language and our national arts are colorful. 8. For another, Chinese traditional festivals have a long history. 9. In the end, I sincerely hope that this year's activity will be held very successfully. 10. And thank you for your active participation. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如 Firstly, the theme of this speech competition is Chinese culture, which should be mainly introduced to the foreigners.中 which 引导非限制性定语从句；In addition, we are supposed to introduce that Chinese culture is extensive and profound.中 that 引导宾语从句。