2021 年高考英语提分策略之语法填空
演练 05 微观策略之熟练词形的转换
一、单句填空
第一组
1.Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the ______ (compete).
2.What Jack had done was beyond my ______ (comprehend).
3.Have you discussed the problem ______ your parents?
4.I ______ (sincere) hope you will soon recover.
5.At the moment we are training every day to prepare ______the next match.
6.Three children ______ (remove) from the school for bad behaviour yesterday.
7.His illness caused him to lose his ______ (memorize).
8.We are looking for someone who is ______ (rely) and hard-working.
9.Young people volunteer ______ (join) the army one after another.
10.It was a remarkable ______ (achieve) for such a young player.
【答案】
1.competition
2.comprehension
3.with
4.sincerely
5.for6.were removed
7.memory
8.reliable
9.to join
10.achievement
【解析】
1.考查名词。句意:当他宣布比赛的获胜者时,大家都安静下来。定冠词 the 后接名词,“竞
赛”compete 是动词,名词为 competition(比赛)。故填 competition。
2.考查名词。句意:杰克所做的事是我无法理解的。短语 beyond one’s comprehension 意为:
(某人)无法理解的;超出某人理解能力的。 介词 beyond 后接名词,“理解”comprehend 是
动词,名词为 comprehension(理解)。故填 comprehension 。
3.考查介词。句意:你和你的父母讨论过这个问题了吗?短语 discuss sth. with sb.意为:和某
人讨论关于…, 应用介词 with。故填 with。
4.考查副词。句意:我衷心希望你早日康复。修饰动词 hope,应用副词; “真诚的”sincere 是
形容词,副词为 sincerely(真诚地)。 故填 sincerely。
5.考查介词。句意:现在我们每天都在训练,为下一场比赛做准备。短语 prepare for 意为:
为……做准备,应用介词 for。故填 for 。
6.考查时态及语态。句意:昨天三个孩子因为表现不好被学校开除了。根据时间状语 yesterday
可知,应用一般过去时;主语 Three children 和动词 remove 之间为被动关系,用被动语态。
故填 were removed 。
7.考查名词。句意:他的病使他失去了记忆。his 是形容词性物主代词,后接名词;“记
忆”memorize 是动词,名词为 memory(记忆)。 故填 memory。
8.考查形容词。句意:我们在寻找可靠而又勤奋的人。and 是并列连词,be 动词后接形容词
作表语,与形容词 hard-working 并列。“依靠,依赖”rely 是动词,形容词为 reliable(可信赖的,可靠的)。故填 reliable 。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:年轻人纷纷要求参军。短语 volunteer to do….意为:自愿做…,用
不定式作宾语。故填 to join 。
10.考查名词。句意:对于一个如此年轻的选手来说,这是一个了不起的成就。不定冠词 a
后接名词;“取得,获得,实现” achieve 是动词,名词为 achievement(成就)。 故填
achievement 。
第二组
11.There is a ________(worry) look on his face.What’s wrong with him?
12.He had never spent a more ________(excite) day before.
13.The milk has a very ________(pleasant) smell.It is not fit to drink.
14.The dish smells ________(well/nice).It also tastes delicious.
15.It is very dangerous for little children to walk on the ________(snow-cover) ground.
16.The story is very ________and I am very ________ in it.(interest)
17.The old man lives ________ in a ________ house,but he doesn’t feel ________.(alone;lonely)
18.What you said sounds ________( true ),I think.
【答案】
11.worried
12.exciting
13.unpleasant
14.nice
15.snow-covered
16.interesting interested 17. alone lonely lonely
18.true
【解析】
11.考查形容词。句意:她脸上呈现担忧表情。她怎么了?修饰名词用形容词,表示人感到
担心,用过去分词形式的形容词,故用 worried。
12.考查形容词。句意:她从未有一天玩的如此得开心。修饰名词 day 用形容词,故用
exciting。
13.考查形容词。句意:牛奶的气味不好闻,不适合饮用了。修饰名词 smell 用形容词,根据
It is not fit to drink 可知,气味不好闻,故用 unpleasant。
14.考查形容词。根据 It also tastes delicious.可知,尝起来美味,故可知,闻起来很好,很香,
做 smell 的表语,故用形容词 nice。
15.考查形容词。句意:小孩子在结冰的道路上行走很危险。修饰名词 road 用形容词,
snow-covered 被雪覆盖的。
16.考查形容词。描述故事的性质,故用 interesting,描述感受,用 interested。
17.考查形容词。句意:老人独自住在一所偏僻的房子里,但是不感到孤独。alone 独自的,
单独的,lonely 孤独的,孤零零的。故用 alone,lonely,lonely。
18.考查形容词。句意:我认为,你说的话听起来是真的。Sound 为系动词,后接形容词作
表语,故用 true。
第三组
19.I have quite________tight schedule, so I have to work overtime to finish this marketing report.
20.Compared with the achievements of his friends, he thinks his work is far________satisfactory.
21.The funniest moment for a television news reporter may involve keeping a straight face
for______(humor)stories.22.I’d like to talk with one of your____________(consult).I need some suggestions on how to
market my product.
23.We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise we________________(be)here by lunch time.
24.He tried to cover up his mistake, but_________________vain.
25.It is really___________(refresh)to climb mountains and enjoy the beauty of nature at the bright
and clear time in autumn.
26.I don't know how they managed__________(raise) four children when they were as poor as
church mice.
27.His computer broke down and he had to pay to get it____________(repair).
28.Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted
to________(build)a harmonious society.
【答案】
19.a
20.from
21.humorous
22.consultants
23.would have been
24.in
25.refreshing
26.to raise
27.repaired
28.building【解析】
19.考查冠词。句意:我的日程表安排得很紧,所以我必须要加班才能完成这份市场报告。
根据句意可知,空处用不定冠词表示泛指,tight 的发音以辅音音素开头,故填 a。
20.考查固定短语。句意:和他朋友们的成就相比,他觉得他的工作一点也不令人满意。短
语 far from 意为 “绝非,根本不,完全不”, far from satisfactory 意为“根本不令人满意”。故
填 from。
21.考查形容词。句意:电视新闻记者最有趣的时刻可能包括板着脸讲幽默故事。修饰名词
stories,应用形容词作定语;humor 是名词,形容词为 humorous。故填 humorous。
22.考查名词复数。句意:我想和你们其中的一位顾问谈谈,我需要一些关于如何销售我的
产品的建议。此处是“one of+名词复数”结构,名词应用复数形式;consult 是动词“咨询”,
名词是 consultant“顾问”。故填 consultants。
23.考查虚拟语气。句意:我们在机场耽搁了,否则午饭前就到这里了。根据句意可知,
otherwise 后的句子是表示与过去事实相反的假设,谓语动词应用 would have done 形式。故
填 would have been。
24.考查介词。句意:他试图掩盖他的错误,但是是徒劳的。短语 in vain 意为“徒然,枉然,
白费力地"。故填 in。
25.考查形容词。句意:在阳光明媚、天气晴朗的秋日里去登山并欣赏自然之美真是令人神
清气爽。此句是“It is +形容词+to do…”结构,应用形容词作表语。fresh 是动词,形容词为
freshing,意为“清新的,令人精神饱满的”。故填 refreshing。
26.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们一贫如洗,我不知道他们如何设法抚养大四个孩子的。短
语 manage to do…意为 “设法做成…”。故填 to raise。
27.考查非谓语动词。句意:他的电脑出故障了,他不得不花钱找人修理。repair 和 it 构成逻
辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。“get sth. done”意为“让/请人做…”。故
填 repaired。
28.考查非谓语动词。句意:只有当我们意识到互相帮助的重要性,我们才能致力于建设一个和谐社会。be devoted to 中的 to 是介词,后面接 v-ing 形式作宾语。故填 building。
第四组
29.Hangzhou is such an _________ city that it often makes a strong _________ on visitors and its
scenery(风景) never fails to _________(impress) foreign tourists.
30.One afternoon, I grew_________(bore) and decided to go on an outing.
31.I’m happy that you’ve agreed to work with us again, and I am looking forward to ______(see)
you next week.
32.Always read the _________(instruction) before you start taking the medicine.
33.We’re all impressed by the article _________(write) by Mary.
34.The second-hand car _________(appear) to be in good condition,so I bought it.
35.As a student, your personal _________(behave) outside school also reflects on the school.
36.I still remember that John introduced me _________ Tom the first time we met.
【答案】
29. impressive impression impress
30.bored
31.seeing
32.instructions
33.written
34.appeared
35.behavio(u)r
36.to【解析】
29.考查词形转换。句意:杭州是一个如此令人难忘的城市,以至于它常常给游客留下很深
的印象,而且它的风景一直都让外国游客叹为观止。根据第一空空前的 an 和空后的名词 city
可知,第一空应用形容词 impressive“给人深刻印象的,令人难忘的”;根据第二空空前的 a
和形容词 strong 可知,第二空应用名词 impression“印象”;根据第三空空前的 fails to 和空后
的名词短语可知,第三空应用动词 impress“使留下深刻印象”。故填 impresive,impression,
impress。
30.考查词形转换。句意:一天下午,我觉得无聊了,决定去郊游。此处 grow 为系动词,后
面应跟形容词作表语。bored 意为“感到厌烦的"。故填 bored。
31.考查固定用法。句意:我很高兴你同意再次与我们合作,我期待着下周与你见面。look
forward to 中的 to 是介词,其后应接动词-ing 形式作宾语。故填 seeing。
32.考查名词复数。句意:你在开始服药之前都要先阅读说明书。instruction 作“用法说明”讲
时习惯上用复数形式。故填 instructions。
33.考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:Mary 写的文章给我们都留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结
构可知,write 与 article 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,而且动作已完成,故用动词-ed 形式作定
语。故填 written。
34.考查动词的时态。句意:这辆二手车看起来状况不错,所以我买了它。appear 表示“看起
来”,没有被动形式,与后面的 bought 在时态上应保持一致。故填 appeared。
35.考查词形转换。句意:作为一名学生,你在校外的个人行为也会给学校带来影响。根据
空前的 your personal 可知空处应填名词形式。behavio(u)r 在此处意为“行为,举止”,是
不可数名词。故填 behavio(u)r。
36.考查介词。句意:我仍记得 John 在我跟 Tom 第一次见面时介绍我认识了他。introduce
sb. to sb. “将某人介绍给某人"。故填 to。
第五组
37.The heavy rain lessened __________(gradual) and stopped at last.38.The coach remarked __________ the great progress that this ping-pong player made in these
competitions.
39.I regret to inform you he died as __________ consequence of serious head injuries.
40.We will end up ______ (live) in a society where science and technology is highly developed.
41.China is a country with vast land, which is abundant __________ tourism resources.
42.These leftovers can’t be eaten for now; you’d better ______ (heat) them first by a microwave.
43.__________ high buildings we are going to build, “Safety First” is our slogan.
44.It took all the fun out of the occasion __________ people on board found the ship was going to
hit the glacier.
45.I’ve come to the point __________ I can’t stand her arguing any longer.
46.__________ (inform) that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home immediately.
【答案】
37.gradually
38.on/upon
39.a
40.living
41.in
42.reheat
43.Whatever
44.when
45.where46.Informed
【解析】
【分析】
37.考查副词。句意:大雨渐渐小下来了,最终停止了。修饰动词 lessened,应用副词形式。
故填 gradually。
38.考查固定短语。句意:这位教练评价了这位乒乓球运动员在这些比赛中所取得的巨大进
步。短语 remark on/upon“评论,谈论”。 故填 on/upon。
39.考查固定短语。句意:我很遗憾地通知你,他因头部受重伤而去世了。短语 as a consequence
of 意为“由于…结果”。故填 a。
40.考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:我们将最终生活在一个科学技术高度发达的社会。
短语 end up doing sth.意为“以……告终”;此处用 living,是现在分词做状语。故填 living。
41.考查固定短语。句意:中国是一个地域辽阔的国家,其旅游资源丰富。短语 be abundant in
意为“丰富的,充裕的”。故填 in。
42.考查构词法。句意:这些吃剩的饭菜现在不能吃,你最好先用微波炉把它们再加热一下。
根据句意,此处意为“再加热”;had better 后接动词原形;前缀 re意为“又,再”,因此填
reheat,意为“将.......重新加热”。故填 reheat。
43.考查状语从句。句意:无论我们要建什么样的高楼,“安全第一”是我们的口号。分析句
子结构,空后是状语从句,所填词是状语从句的从属连词;根据句意,应填 whatever 引导
状语从句,意为“无论什么”。 故填 Whatever。
44.考查定语从句。句意:当船上的人们发现船要撞上冰川时,欢乐的气氛一扫而光。分析
句子结构,空后是定语从句,先行词是 occasion,在从句中作时间状语,意为“在.......时机/
时候”,因此用 when 引导时间状语从句。故填 when。
45.考查定语从句。句意:我已到了再也不能容忍她争吵的地步了。分析句子结构,空后是
定语从句,先行词是 point,在从句中作地点状语,意为“到…...地步”,因此用关系副词 where
引导定语从句。故填 where。46.考查非谓语动词。句意:得知母亲生病了,李雷急忙赶回了家。inform 和句子的主语 Li Lei
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词 informed 作状语。故填 Informed。
第六组
47.We found the house easily with the boy_____________ (lead)the way.
48.We said much in_____________ (defend)of his action.
49.These old books take up too much room. You should consider _____________ to do with
them.
50.I have bad news. I hope you don't get upset _____________ it.
51._____________ will you deal with a person who falls off bike and gets seriously injured?
52.Seeing the big snake, the little boy stood under the tree, ___________ (frighten)out of his
life.
53.It's not good to be so hard _____________ him.
54._____________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
55.Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy
enough_____________ (last)them through their winter sleep.
56.The letter is very important, so it is supposed_____________ (send)as soon as possible.
【答案】
47.leading
48.defence
49.what
50.about
51.How52.frightened
53.on
54.With
55.to last
56.to be sent
【解析】
47.考查 with 的复合结构和现在分词。句意:有那个男孩带路,我们很容易就找到了那所房
子。the boy 和 lead 之间是主动关系,故应用 with + v.-ing 形式。故填 leading。
48.考查名词。句意:我们为他的行为作了充分的辩护。分析句子可知,此处应填名词,in
defence of“保护,防护;为……辩护”。defend 的名词形式为 defence。故填 defence。
49.考查疑问词。句意:这些旧书占了太多的地方。你应该考虑如何处理它们。分析句子可
知,此处是“疑问词+to do”结构,do with 常与 what 搭配,意为“怎么处理”。故填 what。
50.考查介词。句意:我有个坏消息。希望你不要为此烦恼。be/get upset about…“对……失望
/难过”。故填 about。
51.考查疑问副词。句意:你将如何处理一个从自行车上摔下来并严重受伤的人?分析句子
可知,此处是“疑问词+to do”结构,空处是对方式方法提问,且 deal with 常与 how 搭配,意
为“怎么处理”。故填 How。
52.考查形容词做状语。句意:看到那条大蛇,小男孩站在树下,吓得要命。英语中-ing 形
容词常用来修饰物, -ed 形容词常用来修饰人,但当修饰人的表情、眼神、叫声等时常用-ed
形容词。此处修饰主语是 the little boy 的状态,应用-ed 形容词,做伴随状语。故填
frightened。
53.考查介词。句意:对他这么严厉是不好的。be hard on sb./sth.“对某人/某物苛刻”。故填
on。
54.考查 with 复合结构。句意:产量增加了 60%,公司又过了一个好年头。分析句子可知,空处引导伴随状语,with+宾语+宾语补足语,构成 with 复合结构。故填 With。
55.考查不定式。句意:熊在整个夏天和秋天都在积累脂肪,以便有足够的能量维持它们的
冬眠。enough 修饰名词,后接动词时,使用不定式,且空处所表示的动作由句子主语完成,
故用不定式主动式。故填 to last。
56.考查被动语态。句意:这封信很重要,所以应该尽快寄出。It is supposed to do sth.“应该
做某事”,分析句子可知,主语 it 和 send 是被动关系,故应用被动语态。故填 to be sent。
二、语篇型填空题
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a great57.(true) that life is difficult. Once we really understand and accept it, then life is
no longer difficult. 58., most of us do not fully see it. They just complain about their problems and
difficulties as if life should be easy.
59.makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a really painful
one. Problems, 60.(base) on their nature, cause sadness or regret or anger or fear. These are
61.(comfort) feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. It is in the whole process of
solving problems 62. life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from
failure. When we want to strengthen the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability
63.(solve) problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to deal with. 64.(learn)
from the pain of meeting and working out problems is65.great benefit. As Benjamin Franklin said,
“Those things that hurt, instruct.” For this reason, wise people learn not to fear but to welcome66.
pain of problems.
【答案】
57.truth
58.However
59.What
60.based61.uncomfortable
62.that
63.to solve
64.Learning
65.of
66.the
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。生活是艰难的,这是一个伟大的真理。一旦我们真正理解并接受它,
生活就不再困难。正因为如此,明智的人应学会不要害怕,而要欢迎问题带来的痛苦。
57.考查名词。根据上文 great 是形容词,修饰名词,故填 truth。
58.考查副词。句意:一旦我们真正理解并接受它,生活就不再困难。然而,我们大多数人
并没有完全认识到这一点。此处前后句是一种转折关系,因为有“,”,故填 However。
59.考查主语从句连接词。句意:让生活变得困难的是,面对和解决问题的过程是非常痛苦
的。此处是主语从句作主语,从句缺少引导词,从句谓语动词缺少主语,表示“……的”,故
填 What。
60.考查非谓语动词。句意:问题的本质决定了它会引起悲伤、遗憾、愤怒或恐惧。be base on
以……为基础,故用过去分词作后置定语,修饰 problem,故填 based。
61.考查形容词。句意:这些都是不舒服的感觉,通常和身体上的疼痛一样痛苦。此处是形
容词修饰名词,结合句意可知答案为 uncomfortable。
62.考查强调句式。句意:在解决问题的整个过程中,生命才有了意义。此处是强调句型,
强调 in the whole process of solving problems,故填 that。
63.考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:当我们想要加强人类精神的成长时,我们鼓励人类
解决问题的能力,就像在学校我们为我们的孩子设置问题来处理。the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”,用动词不定式作后置定语,故答案为 to solve。
64.考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故 learn 只能用非谓语形式,
在句中作主语应用动名词形式,故填 Learning。
65.考查固定搭配。句意:从遇到和解决问题的痛苦中学习是非常有益的。固定搭配:be of great
benefit 意为“非常有利”,故填 of。
66.考查定冠词。句意:正因为如此,明智的人应学会不要害怕,而要欢迎问题带来的痛苦。
此处表示“特指”,故填 the。